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1.
Differential diagnosis of odontophobic patients using the DSM-IV 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Categories of extreme anxiety for dental treatment were derived using, DSM-IV psychiatric criteria. A sample of 40 men and 40 women patients with extreme dental anxiety were initially evaluated with Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T) and Geer Fear Scale (GFS). Patients all had DAS scores ≥15 indicating extreme dental anxiety and were further evaluated with clinical interviews, Denial Fear Survey (DPS), Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) and Mood Adjective Checklist (MACL). Results showed that 46% of 80 patients complained mainly of powerlessness and embarrassment about dental treatment while also having greater DBS scores than other categories, i.e. social phobia. Another 19% reported conditioned specific phobias (pain, drilling, injection, etc.) most often and lower DBS and GFS scores than other groups; while 35% had broader general anxiety complications, such as multiple phobias and agoraphobia with or without general anxiety symptoms (higher GFS and STAI-T compared to others). Symptoms of general anxiety disorder (GAD) were present in 30 of 80 patients, who had greater STAI-T and GFS and lower MACL scores than non-GAD patients. These results have implications for appropriate treatment strategies. 相似文献
2.
Psychometric measures of dental fear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Abstract Four psychometric scales: Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), a modified version of the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), the Health Locus of Control Scale (HLCS), and a Mood Adjective Check List (MACL), were studied with regard to their implications for dental fear. Swedish versions given to groups of fearful and non-fearful dental patients as well as non-patients showed satisfactory metric properties. Mean scores obtained were in most cases similar to those reported for original American versions, even though some indications of cultural differences were observed. The scales seem to reflect important aspects of dental fear, and they represent a valuable methodology in research on etiology and treatment of dental fear. 相似文献
3.
Dental fears and other fears were assessed in 67 patients with dental fear with the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), and a behavioral dentist's rating scale (DR). Patients were selected because of extreme initial dental fear (n = 20), favorable response to treatment for dental fear (n = 23). CDAS change paralleled behavioral change (DR), supporting the usefulness of CDAS in assessing dental fear. GFS scores did not change in either group but were higher among patients who did not respond to treatment for dental fear; these findings are discussed in terms of treatment outcome prediction and treatment specificity. 相似文献
4.
Trilby Coolidge Mark A Chambers Laura J Garcia Lisa J Heaton Susan E Coldwell 《BMC oral health》2008,8(1):15
Background
It would be useful to have psychometrically-sound measures of dental fear for Hispanics, who comprise the largest ethnic minority in the United States. We report on the psychometric properties of Spanish-language versions of two common adult measures of dental fear (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, MDAS; Dental Fear Survey, DFS), as well as a measure of fear of dental injections (Needle Survey, NS). 相似文献5.
The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence and possible explanatory factors of dental avoidance due to dental anxiety among 12 to 18 year olds treated within the Norwegian Public Dental Service. A total of 754 20-yr-olds completed a questionnaire and three psychometric scales, the Dental Fear Scale (DFS), the Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) and the Geer Fear Scale (GFS), and gave their consent to collect data from their dental records. A total of 169 subjects (22.4%) had high dental anxiety (DFS>59 or DBS>47 at age 20 yr), and 124 subjects (16.4%) had high frequency of missed/cancelled appointments (20% or more) during the period 12-18 yr. Forty-seven subjects (6.2%) fulfilling both of the above criteria constituted the dental avoidance group. An analysis using a stepwise regression model indicated that having had more than one painful or unpleasant treatment experience increased the risk of being included in the avoidance group by a factor of 10.9. Equally, adolescents who were not attending school (working or without specified occupation) increased the risk by a factor of 6.9, having a high caries experience by a factor of 5.0, and not having their dental treatment completed at the age of 18 yr by a factor of 4.4. 相似文献
6.
Buchanan H 《British dental journal》2005,199(6):359-62; discussion 351; quiz 372
OBJECTIVE: To provide reliability and validity data on a computerised dental anxiety scale (the Smiley Faces Program or SFP) for children using faces as a response set. SETTING: Five schools across Derby, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Shropshire. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: The SFP was completed by 464 children (mean age 10.8 years). For validity purposes, 241 children also completed two other children's dental anxiety measures (the Modified Child Dental Anxiety Scale and the Dental Fear Survey). For test-retest purposes 100 of the children completed the SFP two weeks later. RESULTS: The SFP demonstrated good internal consistency (alpha = 0.8), test-retest reliability was good and significant correlations were found between the SFP and the other measures. The children rated the local anaesthetic and drill as the most anxiety-provoking items. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the SFP is a valid and reliable measure for assessing children's trait dental anxiety and may help encourage dentists to formally assess dental anxiety. 相似文献
7.
To analyze further dental fear and its presentation in dental patients, two psychometric instruments were distributed among 50 patients attending a dental emergency clinic (EMC) and 44 patients applying for treatment at a specialized dental fear clinic (FEC). The Dental Fear Survey (DFS) was compared with the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS). After separating the EMC patients into high- and low-fear individuals in accordance with DAS scores, analysis showed that DFS values also clearly distinguished between these groups and between the FEC group and EMC groups. The dental fear levels were in correspondence with previous results, and the correlation between the DAS and the DFS was high (r = 0.92). In contrast to the DFS avoidance and arousal dimensions, the difference between the mean item scores on the dental situation dimension was not significantly different between high-fear EMC and FEC individuals. This indicated that the evaluation and appraisal of the dental situation among high-fear EMC and FEC patients may have been corresponding, whereas the behavioral and physiologic effects were different. Thus, in spite of this similar appraisal of the dental situation, FEC patients were interpreted as showing a more phobic behavior, and this was better captured in the DFS than in the DAS. 相似文献
8.
Factors related to missed and cancelled dental appointments among adolescents in Norway 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The aim of this study was to explore possible explanatory factors related to high frequency of missed/cancelled dental appointments during the age group 12-18 yr. A total of 754 20 yr olds completed a questionnaire including variables measuring demographics, occupation (school/job), attendance pattern, attitudes to dentists, opinion about importance of dental treatment, and the psychometric scales Dental Fear Scale (DFS), Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) and Geer Fear Scale (GFS). Based on written consents, the following data were recorded from their dental records: the total number of scheduled appointments, the number of missed and cancelled appointments and the individual caries experience of those in the age group 12-18 yr. A total of 124 subjects who had missed/cancelled 20% or more of their dental appointments during this age were defined as a target group. A stepwise regression model indicated that the likelihood of being included in the target group increased by a factor of 6.0 if the subject had forgotten dental appointments during the last 5 yr, by a factor of 3.5 for working or without specified occupation (as opposed to attending school), by a factor of 2.7 for negative beliefs of dentists, and by a factor of 2.1 for high caries experience. 相似文献
9.
Appraisal of dental anxiety and fear questionnaires: a review 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Albert H. B. Schuurs Johan Hoogstraten 《Community dentistry and oral epidemiology》1993,21(6):329-339
Abstract –This article reviews and assesses six dental anxiety and fear questionnaires. The construct aimed at by the questionnaires, the data collected, their reliability, validity and normative scores are considered. Some attention is given to the correlations between the questionnaires, their ambiguity, the presence of manuals, and whether the questionnaires tap the three segments distinguishable on theoretical ground in dental anxiety/fear. All questionnaires are open to criticism. In the final assessment Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey is preferred to Corah's Dental Anxiety Scale. The latter, however, appears useful in getting a quick impression of anxiety and in evaluative studies. Three recently developed questionnaires, Stouthard's Dental Anxiety Inventory, Weiner's Fear Questionnaire and Morin's Adolescents'Fear of Dental Treatment Cognitive Inventory are considered promising, but for the last two instruments more data, in particular with regard to their validity, are needed. H is concluded that in dental anxiety research more than one questionnaire should be used and that it may be worthwhile to include other, non-anxiety questionnaires as well. 相似文献
10.
Translation and psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C+)
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Ulla Wide Boman Jason M. Armfield Sven G. Carlsson Jesper Lundgren 《European journal of oral sciences》2015,123(6):453-459
Dental anxiety (DA) is a common condition, with significant medical, psychological, and social consequences. High‐quality psychometric tools for the assessment of dental anxiety are necessary for clinical and research purposes. The aim of this study was to adapt the Index of Dental Anxiety and Fear (IDAF‐4C+) to the Swedish language and to explore the psychometric properties of the translated version. The study included a clinical sample (n = 414; 17–91 yr of age) and a non‐clinical sample (n = 51; 19–47 yr of age). The scales used were the IDAF‐4C+, the Single‐Question Assessment of Dental Anxiety (SQDA), the Dental Fear Survey (DFS), and the Internal Health Locus of Control (IHLOC). The Swedish IDAF anxiety module showed a clear, one‐dimensional structure, good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.95), and adequate validity, as evidenced by strong correlations with the other DA measures (SQDA and DFS) and weak correlations with the IHLOC. In addition, the IDAF phobia module and the IDAF stimulus module were strongly correlated with the other DA measures. To conclude, the study shows promising findings for the reliability and validity of the Swedish translation of the IDAF‐4C+, as a useful measure of dental anxiety in research and clinical practice. 相似文献
11.
Lucía Lago-Méndez Marcio Diniz-Freitas Carmen Senra-Rivera Gloria Seoane-Pesqueira José-Manuel Gándara-Rey Abel Garcia-Garcia 《Journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery》2006,64(9):1404-1408
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate dental anxiety in patients consulting for third molar removal, and to assess possible relationships with general trait anxiety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental anxiety was measured using Corah's Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Dental Fear Survey (DFS), and the state anxiety scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Trait anxiety was measured with the trait anxiety scale of the STAI. RESULTS: Trait anxiety showed significant positive correlations with both DAS score and DFS score. The 3 measures of dental anxiety all showed significant positive correlations with each other. The difference between men and women was only statistically significant in the case of trait anxiety. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that trait anxiety may be a useful predictor of a patient's predisposition to dental anxiety. 相似文献
12.
The impact of childhood sexual abuse on dental fear 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Willumsen T 《Community dentistry and oral epidemiology》2004,32(1):73-79
OBJECTIVE: Dental fear is a risk factor for poor oral health. Thus, treatment of dental fear is a challenge to dentists. The consequences of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) may include dental fear. A history of CSA complicates dental fear treatment, and it is often a secret. The aim of this study was to explore differences in subjective evaluations of use of dental services, experiences of dental treatment situations, dental appearance and dental problems in women who report both CSA and dental fear, and women who report dental fear only. METHODS: In an anonymous survey, 58 women with dental fear and a history of CSA were compared with 25 women with dental fear without CSA. Twenty-five women without dental fear acted as a control group. RESULTS: No differences between dental fear patients with and without a history of CSA were found in subjective evaluations of use of dental services, dental appearance and dental problems, or in the scores on the Dental Fear Scale (DFS). Women who reported a history of CSA and dental fear had statistically significant higher scores on the Dental Belief Scale (DBS). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that women who report dental fear and a history of CSA assess interpersonal factors concerning communication, trust, fear of negative information and lack of control as more fear evoking than women who report dental fear without a history of CSA. 相似文献
13.
AIM: This aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental anxiety and related factors in a Turkish population. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The Turkish translation of the Dental Fear Scale (DFS) and the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) were administered to 115 dental patients consisting of 21 subjects who had dental phobia and of 94 patients who did not. The scales were also administered to a non-clinical general population (N=183). RESULTS: The Turkish version of the DFS was internally consistent and reproducible. The scale had strong correlations (r=0.80, p<0.001 ) with the MDAS. Female participants scored higher (45.2+/-18.1) on the scale than men (38.2+/-15.7). The DFS had a negative correlation (r=-0.25, p<0.001) with education level. There was a statistically significant difference between dental phobics and the remaining groups on the DFS total score. At a cut-off point 55, the sensitivity of the scale was 0.80, specificity 0.80, positive predictive value 0.48, and negative predictive value 0.95. Thirty-nine subjects (21.3%) in the general population had total scores above this cut-off point. CONCLUSION: Dental fear is common in clinical and non-clinical settings in Turkey. The good psychometric characteristics of the DFS among Turkish participants supports its cross-cultural validity. 相似文献
14.
A questionnaire was developed including the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) and the Dental Beliefs Survey (DBS) as subscales to examine the epidemiology of dental fear and dental beliefs in Germany. The survey was administered before treatment to a sample of 474 dental patients. Of the respondents 56% were female. The mean age was 34.3 yr (SD 12.4 yr). The mean DAS score was 8.6 (SD 3.7). Mean DBS score ranged from 1.73 to 2.75 for single items. The correlation between DAS and DBS scores was highly significant (rs = 0.39, P less than 0.001). Absence or presence of dental pain revealed significant differences for DAS and DBS scores (P less than 0.001). Both tests are valid screening forms for the German linguistic context and easy to implement in daily dental routine. 相似文献
15.
Coolidge T Heima M Coldwell SE Weinstein P Milgrom P 《Community dentistry and oral epidemiology》2005,33(4):289-297
OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this pair of studies were to examine the internal reliability, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of the Revised Dental Beliefs Survey. METHODS: A total of 108 college students completed two questionnaires containing the Revised Dental Beliefs Survey, as well as the Revised Iowa Dental Control Index, and Desirability of Control scales. As part of another experiment, 141 study participants with dental injection phobia completed the Revised Dental Beliefs Survey and the Dental Anxiety Scale. RESULTS: Both the internal and test-retest reliabilities of the Revised Dental Beliefs Survey were high. The measure demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validities. CONCLUSION: The Revised Dental Beliefs Survey is well-suited for use with clinical and nonclinical populations, in which a stable and valid measure of perceptions of the dental situation is desired. 相似文献
16.
OBJECTIVES: Fear of dentistry is a common obstacle to obtaining dental care in Turkey. The aim of this study was to assess the reliability, validity and psychometric characteristics of the Turkish translation of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and compare it to the Dental Fear Survey (DFS) scores obtained in the same population. METHODS: The Turkish translated version of the MDAS was administered to 115 dental patients; 21 subjects who suffered from dental phobia, requiring general anesthesia for dental procedures, and 94 who did not have dental anxiety, in addition to 442 subjects from the general population. RESULTS: The Turkish translated version of the MDAS was internally consistent and reproducible. The patients with dentist phobia had the highest score. The Turkish MDAS correlated with the DFS (r = 0.80, P < 0.001). The MDAS scale correlated inversely (r = -0.14, P < 0.005) with level of education; however, it did not correlate with economic status. Women scored higher than men on the scale (mean = 12.3, SD = 5.2 vs. mean = 10.9, SD = 4.5, P < 0.005). At a cut-off point > or = 15, sensitivity was 0.80, specificity 0.74, positive predictive value 0.41 and negative predictive value 0.94. CONCLUSION: Although the specificity values were low, the Turkish MDAS demonstrated acceptable sensitivity, positive and negative predictive values. Thus, high reliability and validity of the MDAS supports its cross-cultural validity and indicated that it may be a valuable tool in quantifying fear of dentistry among Turks. 相似文献
17.
目的:评估阻生智齿拔除患者牙科焦虑症与特质焦虑的关系,为拔除阻生智齿前进行心理治疗和心理护理提供指导。方法:采用Corah’s的牙科焦虑量表(DAS),凯氏牙科畏惧调查量表(DFS),状态一特质焦虑问卷(STAI)。特质焦虑由STAI的特质焦虑问卷(TAI)量度。对60个患者进行横断面调查,然后对各量表的分值进行相关性分析。结果:特质焦虑与DAS,DFS的分值有显著相关性。3种调查方法相互之间有显著相关性。在特质焦虑调查中,性别差异唯一有统计学意义。结论:阻生智齿拔除患者牙科焦虑症与特质焦虑相关,拔牙前进行心理治疗和心理护理是必要的。 相似文献
18.
The aims of the present study were to 1) investigate patient anxiety as it relates to dental hygiene procedures and 2) conduct validity and reliability testing of the Turkish version of the Dental Hygiene Fear Survey (DHFS) to test its psychometric properties in the Turkish culture. The study consisted of 200 periodontal patients. The patients completed the DHFS, the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), and a questionnaire designed to elicit sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Reliability was estimated by Cronbach's alpha. Validity was examined by correlating the DHFS with measures found in the literature that correlate with dental fear and anxiety. Construct validity was determined using exploratory factor analysis with a direct oblimin (oblique) rotation, which revealed a model with three factors accounting for 62.8 of the variance when item 11, which has the lowest item total correlation, was omitted. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the subscales in the fifteen-item scale (generalized anxiety, dental hygiene specific anxiety, and catastrophe) were 0.83, 0.86, and 0.79, respectively. The overall reliability of the DHFS was 0.91. Significant negative correlations were found between total DHFS scores and age (p<0.05). Females reported dental hygiene fear more frequently than did males. The DHFS demonstrated good psychometric properties in spite of being translated into another language and used in a culture different from the one where it was originally developed. The Turkish version of the DHFS is a valid and reliable instrument and may be included in assessments designed to measure fear related to dental hygiene treatment procedures. 相似文献
19.
Heaton LJ Carlson CR Smith TA Baer RA de Leeuw R 《Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)》2007,138(2):188-95; quiz 248-9
BACKGROUND: Self-reported dental fear measures seldom are used in clinical practice to assess patients' fears. This study examined how well dental fear measures predicted anxious behaviors displayed during dental treatment. METHODS: One hundred eight adult patients (54 percent female) in a periodontology clinic completed several paper-and-pencil demographic, dental fear and general anxiety measures before treatment. Dental practitioners, blinded to their patients' responses, rated their patients' anxiety during treatment on a series of 100-millimeter visual analog scales. RESULTS: Higher Dental Fear Survey scores, younger age, more invasive treatment type and previous avoidance of dental care because of a bad experience all were predictive of greater observed anxiety. Neither self-reported nor observed anxiety was affected by previous experience with a particular practitioner or treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Dentists may assess patients' anxiety quickly and accurately with the Dental Fear Survey or a similar measure, as well as by asking patients about their current dental attendance and previous dental experiences. 相似文献
20.
Trilby Coolidge Konstantinos Nikolaos Arapostathis Dimitris Emmanouil Nikolaos Dabarakis Antonis Patrikiou Nikolaos Economides Nikolaos Kotsanos 《BMC oral health》2008,8(1):1-6