Chiari I型畸形伴脊髓空洞症的可能相关因素分析

目的:分析Chiari I型畸形(CM I)患者脊髓空洞症的可能相关因素。资料与方法:收集我院1991~2001年142例CM I患者,其中无空洞症75例,合并脊髓空洞症67例。对CM I患者脊髓空洞与小脑扁桃体下疝的程度、枕骨大孔前后径(D),小脑扁桃体疝出枕骨大孔时的前后径(d)及d?蛐D及空洞内流空信号(CFVP)的关系进行分析。结果:脊髓空洞的发生与D、d及d?蛐D无相关性,空洞的长度与d有相关性,空洞的最大前后径及左右径与CFVP有相关性。结论:①CM I脊髓空洞的发生与小脑扁桃体疝出的程度,D、d及d?蛐D无关。②空洞的长度与d值有关。③CFVP的发生与空洞的前后径及左右径有关。     

ChiariⅠ型畸形伴脊髓空洞症的可能相关因素分析

目的分析Chiari I型畸形(CM I)患者脊髓空洞症的可能相关因素.资料与方法收集我院1991～2001年142例CM I患者,其中无空洞症75例,合并脊髓空洞症67例.对CM I患者脊髓空洞与小脑扁桃体下疝的程度、枕骨大孔前后径(D),小脑扁桃体疝出枕骨大孔时的前后径(d)及d/D及空洞内流空信号(CFVP)的关系进行分析.结果脊髓空洞的发生与D、d及d/D无相关性,空洞的长度与d有相关性,空洞的最大前后径及左右径与CFVP有相关性.结论①CMI脊髓空洞的发生与小脑扁桃体疝出的程度,D、d及d/D无关.②空洞的长度与d值有关.③CFVP的发生与空洞的前后径及左右径有关.     

Chiari I型畸形患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的关系分析

目的:分析ChiariI型畸形(CMI)患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的关系。方法:回顾性分析我院1991～2001年142例CMI患者MR检查资料,其中伴发脊髓空洞症67例,无空洞症75例,测量小脑扁桃体下疝值,并对两组结果进行分析。结果:两组结果比较表明,小脑扁桃体下疝程度在空洞组与无空洞组间无差异。结论:ChiariI型畸形患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的发生无关。     

微创手术治疗小脑扁桃体下疝致脊髓空洞症的护理

目的 总结小脑扁桃体下疝导致脊髓空洞症微创手术治疗后的护理体会.方法 随访总结2009年6月-2012年6月收治的37例小脑扁桃体下疝导致脊髓空洞症患者实施微创手术治疗后的临床资料.结果 37例患者临床症状均有改善,所有患者小脑扁桃体下疝畸形被纠正,脊髓空洞消失21例,明显缩小15例,轻微缩小1例,有效率100％.结论 小脑扁桃体下疝畸形导致脊髓空洞的微创手术方式及术前术后全方位的护理,能有效预防和减少并发症的发生.     

ChiariⅠ型畸形患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的关系分析

目的：分析ChiariⅠ型畸形(CMI)患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的关系。方法：回顾性分析我院1991～2001年142例CMI患者MR检查资料,其中伴发脊髓空洞症67例,无空洞症75例,测量小脑扁桃体下疝值,并对两组结果进行分析。结果：两组结果比较表明,小脑扁桃体下疝程度在空洞组与无空洞组间无差异。结论：ChiariⅠ型畸形患者小脑扁桃体下疝程度与脊髓空洞症的发生无关。     

枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的 回顾性分析枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的疗效.方法 采用枕大池成形术(后颅凹减压+硬脑膜成形+小脑扁桃体切除+蛛网膜粘连松解)治疗17例Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者.对其近期疗效和远期疗效进行总结.结果 近期疗效:17例患者术后临床症状消失或改善15例(有效率为90%),MRI检查提示下疝扁桃体消失,脊髓空洞缩小.远期疗效:MRI检查提示枕大池成形,脊髓空洞消失或明显变细,脊髓蛛网膜下腔增宽.治疗有效12例(有效率70%).结论 枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症效果满意,是一种较为合理的治疗方法.     

枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的 回顾性分析枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的疗效.方法 采用枕大池成形术(后颅凹减压+硬脑膜成形+小脑扁桃体切除+蛛网膜粘连松解)治疗17例Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者.对其近期疗效和远期疗效进行总结.结果 近期疗效:17例患者术后临床症状消失或改善15例(有效率为90%),MRI检查提示下疝扁桃体消失,脊髓空洞缩小.远期疗效:MRI检查提示枕大池成形,脊髓空洞消失或明显变细,脊髓蛛网膜下腔增宽.治疗有效12例(有效率70%).结论 枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症效果满意,是一种较为合理的治疗方法.     

枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症

目的 回顾性分析枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症的疗效.方法 采用枕大池成形术(后颅凹减压+硬脑膜成形+小脑扁桃体切除+蛛网膜粘连松解)治疗17例Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症患者.对其近期疗效和远期疗效进行总结.结果 近期疗效:17例患者术后临床症状消失或改善15例(有效率为90%),MRI检查提示下疝扁桃体消失,脊髓空洞缩小.远期疗效:MRI检查提示枕大池成形,脊髓空洞消失或明显变细,脊髓蛛网膜下腔增宽.治疗有效12例(有效率70%).结论 枕大池成形术治疗Chiari畸形合并脊髓空洞症效果满意,是一种较为合理的治疗方法.     

Chiari畸形患者的术后护理

Chiari畸形（Chiari malformation,CM）是后颅凹正中线结构在胚胎期的异常发育致使小脑扁桃体疝入枕大孔内而引起延髓、上颈髓受压及颅内压增高等表现的一组综合征,又称小脑扁桃体畸形。CM属于先天性疾病,常伴有脊髓空洞症。     

创伤后脊髓空洞症的MRI表现及诊断标准的探讨

目的：分析创伤后脊髓空洞症的MRI表现及其形成机制，并探讨了诊断标准。方法：10例脊髓创伤后2．11年的发生脊髓空洞症病例，平均年龄41岁。临床资料和MRI资料齐全。用Frankel脊髓功能分级法记录临床表现．MRI重点观察脊髓及其空洞的形态和信号特征。结果：10例创伤后脊髓空洞症患累及脊髓颈段2例，脑干与脊髓颈段交界4例，脑干2例，圆锥2例，空洞始于脊髓受压明显处，延及长度2到13个脊髓节段不等，空洞均位于脊髓中央：T1加权像上6例表现为串珠样边缘，其内呈脑脊液样低信号；T2加权像上空洞段脊髓增粗或萎缩，呈均匀或不均匀高信号，空洞周边脊髓呈片状高信号。结论：MRI能反映创伤后脊髓空洞症的特点及其形成的可能机制，其影像学变化特征可列入诊断标准。创伤后脊髓空洞症的形成与脊髓持续受压有一定关系，而与临床症状关系不大，     

Diagnostic capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in acute cervical spinal column injury

The present study was conducted to evaluate the imaging capabilities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in evaluating acute cervical spinal column injury and compare these results to that of computed tomographic (CT) imaging. Forty-nine patients undergoing MRI at a Level I and regional spinal cord trauma center to evaluate cervical spinal column injury were studied. Seventy-one injuries were identified by MRI. These injuries were classified as osseous (fracture/dislocation) (n = 21), disc herniation (n = 29), and spinal cord injury (edema/contusion/transection) (n = 21). Diagnostic imaging results in 33 of the 49 patients undergoing both MRI and CT were compared. CT demonstrated 22 fracture/dislocations compared to 10 on MRI. MRI demonstrated 19 disc protrusions compared to 7 on CT. Additionally, MR imaged 13 cord injuries as compared to 0 by CT. MR imaging proved superior in demonstrating spinal cord pathology and intervertebral disc herniation. CT was superior to MRI in demonstrating osseous injury. CT and MRI may be useful together in determining presence and extent of spinal column injury.     

What Differences Exist in the Appropriate Treatment of Congenital Versus Acquired Adult Chiari Type I Malformation?

Chiari type I malformation is found in 1 out of 20 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. Isolated tonsillar herniation is of limited utility and should be considered within the clinical context because these patients can be asymptomatic. Cine MRI showing compression of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces in the foramen magnum area is a crucial technique for making treatment decisions. Congenital malformation is thought to be due to a volumetric small posterior fossa. The most common symptom in these patients is cough headache. Posterior fossa reconstruction is mandatory in patients with progressive symptoms/signs, hydrocephalus, or syringomyelia, but not in patients who are asymptomatic or those with stable and tolerable symptoms. Acquired tonsillar descent can be secondary to a variety of disorders conditioning disproportion between the volume of the cranial cavity and that of the intracranial contents, or to CSF hypovolemia, which is the most common cause for acquired herniation. CSF hypovolemia can be spontaneous or secondary to CSF removal. Treatment of acquired tonsillar herniation depends on the responsible etiology.     

继发性脑干损伤的救治

目的 :了解影响继发性脑干损伤抢救效果的重要环节。方法 :分析了 72例继发性脑干损伤患者救治经过 ,包括高危病人观察 ,术前颅压的控制 ,手术方法的选择 ,术后处理及神经康复等。结果 :72例患者中 ,6 4例天幕裂孔疝术后存活 4 5例 ,占70 .3%。其中 ,恢复良好 ,生活基本自理 34例。 2h内手术者成活率明显提高 (P <0 .0 1)。 8例枕骨大孔疝术后均死亡。结论 :尽快手术可提高天幕裂孔疝的抢救成功率。枕骨大孔疝的救治关键在于即时处理原发病灶以防止其发生     

Is Chiari type I malformation a reason for chronic daily headache?

This article briefly reviews the spectrum of headaches associated with Chiari type I malformation and specifically analyzes current data on the possibility of this malformation as an etiology for some cases of chronic daily headache (CDH). Chiari type I malformation is definitely associated with cough headache and not with primary episodic headaches, with the rare exception of basilar migraine-like cases. With regard to CDH, there is no clear evidence supporting an association with this malformation. An MRI study would be justified only in patients showing either a Valsalva-aggravating component or cervicogenic features. Hydrocephalus and low intracranial pressure syndrome should be ruled out in patients showing tonsillar herniation in an MRI study and consulting due to daily headache.     

颈椎间盘突出症的MRI表现分析

目的：探讨颈椎间盘突出症的ＭＲＩ表现及诊断价值。材料与方法：分析经手术病理证帝的４９例颈椎间盘突出症的矢状面及横轴面ＭＲＩ表现。结果：本组颈椎间盘突出９３个,脱出１６个,膨出３０个,矢状位显示硬膜囊及颈髓前缘受压、椎管狭窄的程度;横轴位显示突出或脱出髓核部位及位置,囊和神经根受压、黄韧带肥厚及椎管、椎间孔狭窄的情况。结论：ＭＲＩ检查为颈椎间突出症的诊断、鉴别诊断、治疗方案的选择提供了可靠依据。     

磁共振成像动态测量脊髓圆锥位置

背景:以往对成人脊髓圆锥末端位置的研究多限于尸体解剖且年代久远,因此有必要通过磁共振成像对国内人群的脊髓圆锥位置进行活体动态系列观察。目的:通过磁共振成像观察无脊柱脊髓畸形的脊髓圆锥位置的变化。设计:观察对比实验。单位:青岛市市立医院。对象:选择1993-10/2006-12青岛市市立医院放射科磁共振室收治的1199例因下腰痛进行腰椎磁共振成像检查的患者,男765例,女434例,年龄5～85岁,平均(46±14)岁。其中椎体转移性肿瘤或脊柱创伤276例,排除脊柱侧弯或先天性脊柱脊髓疾病患者。另选择30名健康志愿者到院健康体检者,男女各15名,年龄19～52岁,平均(32±8)岁。所有受试对象均对检测项目知情同意。方法:应用美国GE公司Signa1.5T磁共振成像机对1199例患者行腰椎磁共振扫描,自旋回波T1加权、正中矢状位像上观测脊髓圆锥末端的位置。根据其与相应椎体的上、中、下1/3及椎间盘的对应关系定位。另对30例健康志愿者进行了腰椎中立、过屈、过伸位脊髓圆锥末端的动态观察。主要观察指标:下腰痛患者脊髓圆锥末端的位置及健康志愿者不同脊髓体位圆锥末端的动态观察结果。结果:下腰痛患者1199例及30名健康志愿者均进入结果分析。①下腰痛患者脊髓圆锥末端的平均位置为L1的下1/3水平(范围:T12的中1/3～L3的上1/3),圆锥末端的位置呈正态分布,女性圆锥位置低于男性(t=18.127,P<0.01),各年龄段无差别(F=0.530,P>0.05)。②当脊椎过伸或过屈位时,圆锥位置相对于椎体后缘上下关系无变化,但过屈时略接近椎体后缘,过伸时略远离椎体后缘。结论:本组人群中脊髓圆锥末端的位置位于T12的中1/3～L3的上1/3,女性圆锥位置低于男性。