Evaluation of ＂J＂-shaped Uterine Incision during Caesarean Section in Patients with Placenta Previa： A Retrospective Study

This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ＂J＂-shaped uterine incision for caesarean section for patients diagnosed with placenta previa. A total of 55 consecutive cases of placenta previa treated in Union Hospital were retrospectively analyzed over a period of two years and 10 months. The subjects were divided into two groups with respect to the uterine incision. Twenty-four pregnant women with placenta previa who were indicated for caesarean section underwent the procedure using a new ＂J＂-shaped uterine incision and 31 pregnant women with placenta previa received caesarean section that used the traditional transverse incision. The two groups were compared in terms of operation time, estimated blood loss, infant expulsion time, exhaust time and postoperative recovery. Meanwhile, comparison was also made in neonatal clinical data between the two groups. Compared with the ＂J＂-shaped incision group, the traditional incision group had a lower Apgar scores （P〈0.05）. However, there existed no statistically significant differences in the overall time of operation and postoperative period of breaking wind （P〉0.05）. It is concluded that, with caesarean section for placenta previa patients, the ＂J＂-shaped uterine incision significantly decreases intraoperative blood loss and facilitates the fetal delivery.     

Association of Ureaplasma urealyticum colonization with development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia: A systemic review and meta-analysis

There is controversy regarding the roles of Ureaplasma urealyticum （U. urealyticum） colo- nization in the development of hronchopulmonary dysplasia （BPD）. This study explored the association between U. urealyticum and bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks post-menstrual age （BPD36）. Studies published before December 31, 2013 were searched from Medline, Embase, Ovid, Web of Sci- ence, and Cochrane databases, with the terms ＂Ureaplasma urealyticum＂, ＂chronic lung disease＂, or ＂BPD36＂ used, and English language as a limit. The association between U. urealyticum colonization and BPD36 was analyzed with RevMan 4.2.10 software, using the odds ratio （OR） and relative risk （RR） for dichotomous variables. Out of the enrolled 81 studies, 11 investigated the BPD36 in total 1193 in- fants. Pooled studies showed no association between U. urealyticum colonization and subsequent de- velopment of BPD36, with the OR and RR being 1.03 （95% CI=0.78-1.37; P=-0.84） and 1.01 （95% CI= 0.88-1.16, P=-0.84）, respectively. These findings indicated no association between U. urealyticum colo- nization and the development of BPD36.     

保留乳头的全乳切除术联合术中放疗与术后延迟放疗的疗效比较

1 文献来源 Petit JY, Veronesi U, Orecchia R, et al. Nipple sparing mastectomy with nipple areola intraoperative radiotherapy： One thousand and one cases of a five years experience at the European Institute of oncology of Milan （EIO） [J]. Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2009,117（2）：333-338.     

主动脉内球囊反搏术在急性心肌梗死合并心源性休克患者中的应用评价

1文献来源 Zeymer U, Hochadel M, Hauptmann KE, et al. Intra-aortic balloon pump in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock： Results of the ALKK-PCI registry[J]. Clin Res Cardiol, 2013,102（3） ：223-227.     

保乳手术联合电子术中放疗治疗早期乳腺癌的安全性及疗效

1文献来源 Veronesi U, Orecchia R, Luini A, et al. European Institute of Oncology. Intraoperative radiotherapy during breast conserving surgery： A study on 1,822 cases treated with electrons [J].Breast Cancer Res Treat, 2010, 124（1） ： 141-151.     

Infection

208386 Nosocomial infection in pancreas sur gery:an investigation and analysis /Zou Junning(邹俊宁,Union Hosp, Tongji Med Col, Huazhong U niv Sci Technol,Wuhan,Hubei 430022)…∥Chin J Oncol.-2008,18(4).-508～510 Objective To investigate status of nosocomial infection in pancreas surgery of our hospital. Methods The inpatient cases of panc reas surgery from Jan to Dec     

Interstitial nephritis and interstitial nephropathy

930568 The production and significance of IL4in patients with idiopathic nephroctic syndrome.YAO Zhi(姚智),et al.Dept Immunol,BeijingMed Univ,Beijing,100083,Natl Med J China1993;73(5):261—263.Samples of serum and PBMC were collected atthe same time from 42 pediatric patients with id-iopathic nephrotic syndrome(INS)and 28 age—matched healthy individuals.The level os IgE inserum was detected and IL4 in supernatant ofPHA-activated PBMC assayed by sandwichELISA.The levels of IL4 and IgE in healthy in-dividuals were 400～500 pg/ml and 50～100 U/ml respectively,and those of IL and IgE in theINS patients were on the average 1080～4000Pg/ml and 380～1000 U/ml.Positive correla-     

A review on pharmacological significance of genus Jatropha (Euphorbiaceae)

<正>A number of herbs belonging to the genus Jatropha of Euphorbiaceae family are noted for their medicinal benefits.The genus Jatropha is one of the prospective biodiesel yielding crops.The plants which have been so far explored include J.curcas,J.gossypifolia,J.glandulifera,J.multifida and J.podagrica.Although, the plants of this genus are widely distributed,there is an exiguity of scientific literature proclaiming the medicinal benefits of the plants belonging to genus Jatropha.The present paper is a pragmatic approach to accrue the findings on this very significant genus.     

Expression of recombination-activating genes and T cell receptor gene recombination in the human T cell leukemia cell line

Background Recent studies have suggested that mature T cells can change their specificity through reexpression of recombination-activating genes （RAG） and RAG-mediated V（D）J recombination. This process is named receptor revision and has been observed in mature peripheral T cells from transgenic mice and human donors. However, whether the receptor revision in mature T cells is a random or orientated process remains poorly understood. Here we used the Jurkat human T cell line, which represents a mature stage of T cell development, as a model to investigate the regulation of T cell receptor （TCR） gene recombination. Methods TCR Dβ-Jβ signal joint T cell receptor excision DNA circles （sjTRECs） were determined by nested and seminested PCR. Double-strand DNA breaks at recombination signal sequences （RSSs） in the TCRVβ chain locus were detected by ligation-mediated-PCR. Further analysis of the complementarity-determining region 3 （CDR3） size of the TCRVβ chain was examined by the TCR GeneScan technique. Results RAG1, RAG2, and three crucial components of the nonhomologous DNA end-joining （NHEJ） pathway were readily detected in Jurkat. Characteristics of junctional diversity of Dβ2-Jβ2 signal joints and ds RSS breaks associated with the Dβ2 5＇ and Dβ 2 3＇ sites were detected in DNA from Jurkat cells. CDR3 size and the gene sequences of the TCRVβ chain did not change during cell proliferation. Conclusions RAG1 and RAG2 and ongoing TCR gene recombination are coexpressed in Jurkat cells, but the ongoing recombination process may not play a role in modification of the TCR repertoire.However, the results suggest that Jurkat could be used as a model for studying the regulation of RAGs and V（D）J recombination and as a ＂special＂ model of the coexistence of TCR gene rearrangements and ＂negative＂ receptor revision.     

Role of acoustic interface layer during high intensity focused ultrasound therapeutics

After interface layer was simulated by the magnetic nano-particles in the egg white phantom, high intensity focused ultrasound （HIFU） at the same dosage was introduced to radiate the phantom in different depths to blow the acoustic interface layer to mimic ＂point＂ exposure. The results showed that the volumes of biological focal region （BFR） were enlarged when the acoustic focal region （AFR） is close with interface layer. This meant that the magnetic nano-particles enhanced the therapeutic efficiency of HIFU. When the distance of the AFR from the interface layer was 10 mm, the size and shape of the BFR were similar with those of the control group, but a larger lesion at the interface, which was harmful for treatment, was observed. When the distance of the AFR to the interface layer increased to 30 mm, the size and shape of the BFR were also similar to those of the control group. When the thickness of the interface layer diminished, the utility of enhancement decreased. Continuous increase of the safe area for treatment and decrease of the utility of enhancement were observed along with the abatement of the thickness of the interface layer     

双“J”管临床应用的体会(附42例报告)

应用双“J”管作为对输尿管狭窄,输尿管修复术以及体外震波碎石前的辅助治疗共42例,41例痊愈。文中对双“J”管的应用范围、作用、使用方法及并发症作了讨论。     

大众传播"第三者效果"研究二十年

“第三者效果”研究是媒介效果领域的一个重要课题，戴维森之后的学者对第三者效果进行了多方研究，美国的第三者效果研究已有二十余年，其发展轨迹可大致划分为三个阶段，基本形状呈“高-低-高”的马鞍型。我国的第三者效果研究的状况极不平衡：香港、台湾的传播研究主要受美国影响，研究者多在美国受过训练，特别注重主流的量化分析，因而他们的第三者效果研究要先于内地学者。目前，该课题的研究中还存在诸多问题，如研究假定的媒介效果过分广阔和抽象，研究者对“第三者”概念的假定相当宽泛且同质，把媒体对事物的描述等同于被描述的事物本身等。因而还存在巨大的研究空间。     

倒"U"形切开尿道口成形术治疗尿道处女膜融合症

目的 探讨治疗尿道处女膜融合症的指征及合理手术方式。方法 应用例“U”形切开尿道口成形增加尿道口与阴道口间距,使其大于0.5cm;并处理尿道外口之新生物,使尿道末端和尿道外口直顺平滑。结果 应用倒“U”切开尿道口成形术治疗尿道处女膜融合症及所致之尿道综合征21例;获随访18例,时间1年-13年;16例效果良好,2例无效,治愈好转率88.8%。其中与性生活有关的12例获随访1例,10例痊愈,治愈率90%。结论 认为本术式简便,疗效可靠,不失为治疗尿道处女膜融合症及所致之尿道综合征的一种较好的方法。     

Effective dietary counseling: helping patients find and follow "the way" to eat

The leading causes of mortality in the U.S. are well known: cardiovascular disease, cancer and stroke. But, in the field of preventive medicine, the argument is made that these are not the causes of death, but rather the mechanisms of death, in turn the result of true, underlying causes. Of the more than 2 million deaths that occur each year in the U.S., more than 1 million are premature and "preventable" through the modification of lifestyle and environmental exposures. Due to the epidemic of obesity and overweight, a clinical practice that neglects patient nutrition (or physical activity) patterns is neglecting the leading causes of death for patients. On this basis, routine counseling to promote healthful eating is encouraged by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force and there is evidence that physician training in nutrition enhances counseling.     

微种植体与J钩内收上前牙后的切牙位置变化比较

目的 比较微种植体支抗和头帽J钩内收上前牙后上颌切牙及支抗磨牙位置变化的差异.方法 选择24例安氏Ⅱ1上颌前突患者,随机分为微种植体组和J钩组各12例,微种植体组在上颌第二前磨牙和第一磨牙牙根间植入微种植体支抗,内收上前牙,J钩组使用头帽J钩内收上前牙,比较两种支抗方式矫治前后X线头影测量的变化.结果 矫治后,两组上中切牙切缘至RL距离以及上中切牙角均减小,微种植体组减少更明显,上切牙内收且直立,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组上中切牙切缘至腭平面距离均减小,上切牙被压低,J钩组压低更显著,两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);J钩组上磨牙至RL距离、腭平面距离明显增大,上磨牙近中移动、伸长,微种植体组增大不明显,两组间比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 微种植体支抗内收上颌切牙效果显著,支抗磨牙前移较少,是稳定有效的骨性支抗,但植入在牙槽骨后段的微种植体压低上前牙的作用却不及头帽J钩,严重的深覆深覆盖应考虑两种支抗方式的联合应用.     

"鼻腔矫正术"治疗鼻中隔偏曲的疗效评价

2003～2004年83例(166侧)鼻中隔偏曲男性患者在我院接受手术治疗,其中接受鼻中隔黏膜下切除术者38例,接受鼻中隔黏膜下切除加单或双侧下鼻甲部分切除术者45例.术前及术后6个月应用Eccovision型声反射鼻测量计对以上患者进行测试,评价手术疗效.结果发现鼻中隔黏膜下切除加做单或双侧下鼻甲部分切除术患者鼻腔总容积明显大于鼻中隔黏膜下切除术患者,而单纯行鼻中隔黏膜下切除术患者的疗效欠佳且不稳定.因此,笔者推荐对于合并慢性肥厚性鼻炎的鼻中隔偏曲患者应施行鼻中隔黏膜下切除加做单或双侧下鼻甲部分切除术,为简化命名并规范此类手术,建议将此手术命名为"鼻腔矫正术",并建议进一步建立和完善此手术的手术适应证和手术原则.     

L929细胞条件培养液对氧化应激的单核/巨噬细胞系膜流动性的影响

采用荧光偏振技术，观察了L929细胞条件培养液（L929－CM）对U937及J774单核／巨噬细胞系细胞膜流动性（以膜微粘度［η］为指标）的影响，及在叔丁基氢过氧化物（tbOOH）攻击下受L929－CM处理的细胞膜流动性的变化。结果表明经L929－CM处理可使单核／巨噬细胞系细胞膜微粘度下降，流动性增加，并且在tbOOH作用下其细胞膜流动性降低不显著。提示L929－CM可以防止tbOOH对单核／巨噬细胞的氧化损伤．     

"Sperm bank" integration - accident or fiction?

Question: A Washington newsletter recently reprinted from another publication the story of a white, previously childless, married woman who supposedly bore a black baby after being artifically inseminated with sperm from a "sperm bank." The woman reportedly committed suicide after the birth. I was not aware of the existence of such banks and would like information about their operation, and whether such an incident as reported could possibly have occurred. Answer: This question interests me enormously, for I was one of the pioneer investigators in therapeutic donor insemination. Our 1st such baby is now 41-years-old. I do not know of any "sperm bank" which furnishes sperm to doctors or patients. I know of only 1 doctor in the U.S. who started freezing of sperm to a temperature of -74 degrees C who will on occassion ship sperm to a colleague for insemination. I can assure you that in this instance there has never been any mixup in the source of the sperm. Even those physicians who have sources of sperm which they use for donor insemination, for example, Edward Tyler, MD, in Los Angeles, and S.J. Behrman, MD, in Ann Arbor, Michigan, to my knowledge use the specimens only for their own patients. I have personal knowledge of only 1 instance of error. In this case a doctor advised me that through an error of his office nurse, sperm from a black donor was inseminated into the doctor's private white patient. Fortunately, the physician called me within 24 hours of this occurrence and I immediately instructed him to put the patient on a regimen of high doses of estrogen at once. This prevented the possibility of a pregnancy from a bank. Again I will say that in my large experience of donor insemination I do now know of any functioning sperm bank which furnishes semen to a casual physician. The letter from the inquiring physician did not clearly elucidate the sequential relations between the artifical insemination, the birth of the black baby, and the suicide. I presume that the black baby was born 9 months after the insemination; and, then because of having given birth to a black baby, the white mother committed sucide. Referring to my experience mentioned above, if sucn an accident should happen because of the use of the wrong sperm, whether it be of black, white, or other origin, treatment with estrogen within 3-4 days of insem ination will prevent the ainsemination from being successful. In all lik elihood, if this particular story were investigated, you will find that the sperm sample probably was not from a sperm bank but was fresh sperm, with somebody's carelessness responsible for the mixup; and, of course, assuming the incident really occurred.     

股骨髁间窝形态、髁间窝宽度指数与前交叉韧带损伤间关系的相关性研究

Objective: To explore the relationship between the femoral condyle notch shape, the intercondylar notch width index (NWI) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries by MRI and arthroscopy. Methods:A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study, including 30 patients with ACL injury, 23 males and 7 females, aged (28.36 ± 8.30) years, 16 cases of left knee, 14 cases of right knee; non-ACL injury 30 patients, 19 males and 11 females, aged (32.69 ± 7.53) years, 13 cases of left knee, 17 cases of right knee, all patients were examined by arthroscopy and MRI diagnosis. The femoral condyles notch shape types was observed and recorded, the width of the femoral condyles and intercondylar notch width were measured for calculating the NWI. Results: (1) Relationship between femoral notch shape and anterior cruciate ligament tear: In 30 patients with ACL injuries in 63.3% (19 cases) of patients intercondylar notch shape "A" type, 36.7% (11 cases) for the "U" type, 0.0% (0 cases) as "W" type, differences between the three, with a statistical significance, were found (P <0.05). (2) Relationship between femoral notch shape and NWI: intercondylar notch shape of "A" type patient in 34.6% (n = 9) of patients NWI were abnormal and intercondylar notch shape of "U" type patient in 30.3% (n = 10) of patients NWI were abnormal, no statistical significance was found (P> 0.05). (3) Relationship between femoral NWI and anterior cruciate ligament tear: Only in 30 patients with ACL injuries in 20.0% (n = 6) of patients NWI were abnormal, whereas 80.0% (24 cases) of patients NWI were normal, indicating a low correlation between the two , not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion:The Type “A” femoral notch could be a risk factor for ACL injury, while lower NWI may not be a significant risk factor for ACL injury.     

《内经》应用《周易》理论举要

《周易》的阴阳哲理,是《内经》阴阳学说的渊源土《内经》以《周易》的“《易》有太极,是生两仪,两仪生四象,四象生八卦”等理论为依据,阐明阴阳对立统一规律。《周易》六十四卦阴、阳爻增减,刚柔相推之理也被《内经》所接受,以此阐明阴阳消长变化规律。《周易》天地阴阳二气上下交通,开阖出入的理论,又是《内经》万物化生及升降出入运动理论的基石。《周易》的“天人相应”观,被《内经》用以解释人与自然统一的道理。《内经》是一部《易》学色彩很浓的医学著作。