铁扇癣痒平凝胶剂治疗豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效观察

目的　观察铁扇癣痒平凝胶剂治疗豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效。方法　本试验用石膏样毛癣菌共建立皮肤真菌病豚鼠感染模型 10 8处 ,分别用铁扇癣痒平凝胶高低 2个剂量组、1%联苯苄唑凝胶和 1%克霉唑软膏进行治疗 ;并设凝胶基质和空白对照 ,疗程为 14d ,药物治疗结束后观察复发状况。结果　铁扇癣痒平凝胶 2个剂量组的 10d临床治愈率与 1%克霉唑软膏相比较 ,两者差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,与联苯苄唑凝胶的治疗作用相当 ;铁扇癣痒平凝胶与联苯苄唑凝胶的复发率与克霉唑软膏相比 ,有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　铁扇癣痒平凝胶治疗豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效好 ,而且复发率低 ,作为抗皮肤浅表真菌药物有很好的发展前景。     

抗真菌新药联苯苄唑临床前毒理及Ⅰ期临床试验

对外用抗真菌新药联苯苄唑进行了急性毒性实验，结果证明小鼠灌胃的LD50为6.5g/kg体重以上，皮下注射的LD50大于20.0g/kg体重，给豚鼠、家兔政党或破损感染皮肤分别涂敷不同剂量、不同浓度的联苯苄唑制剂后均无明显刺激作用，病理组织学检查局部皮肤及全身各主要脏器均未见病理性损伤，正常人局部皮肤涂敷3%以下浓度的联苯苄唑制剂未出现红斑及自觉症状，表明联苯苄唑临床使用是安全的。     

克癣灵凝胶剂的研制与质量评价

目的 研制联苯苄唑和新霉素等复方药物凝胶的制备工艺与质量评价。方法 用卡波—940作基质，三乙醇胺为中和剂，加入联苯苄唑、新霉素等，制成凝胶剂；采用紫外双波长法测定联苯苄唑、新霉素的含量。结果 制备的凝胶剂，细腻、光洁、透明，稳定性好，释放药物快，含量测定简单易行。结论 该凝胶剂配方合理，符合中国药典2000版的规定。     

高效液相色谱法测定联苯苄唑乳膏中联苯苄唑的含量

目的　建立HPLC法测定联苯苄唑乳膏中联苯苄唑含量。方法　以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂 ,甲醇 -水 -四氢呋喃 (84∶15∶1)为流动相 ,检测波长 2 5 4nm。结果　联苯苄唑在 0 .0 10 0 7～ 0 .10 0 7mg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好 ;6次测定的平均回收率为 10 0 .32 % ,RSD 为 0 .35 %。结论　本法可用于测定联苯苄唑乳膏中联苯苄唑的含量     

国产布替萘芬体外抗真菌作用及其应用观察

目的　观察布替萘芬的体外抗真菌作用和布替萘芬乳膏剂治疗豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效。方法　采用试管药液法 ,10 0株菌种为皮肤癣菌 5 7株、念珠菌 2 0株和其它条件致病菌 2 3株 ;共建立皮肤真菌病豚鼠感染模型 4 5处 ,分别用 1%布替萘芬乳膏、1%萘替芬软膏、1%联苯苄唑乳膏和 1%克霉唑软膏治疗 ,并设空白对照组 ,疗程为 14d ,药物治疗结束后观察复发状况。结果　布替萘芬对皮肤癣菌的MIC值在 0 .0 0 2 5～ 0 .32 μg·ml-1之间 ,对着色霉菌、孢子丝菌及曲霉也有较强的抑菌作用 ,MIC值在 0 .0 1～ 2 μg·ml-1之间 ,对念珠菌也有一定的抗菌活性。其抑菌作用优于对照萘替芬和联苯苄唑 ,与对照药的抑菌浓度相比相差 2～ 5 0倍 ,二者差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。布替萘芬乳膏 14d临床治愈率比联苯苄唑乳膏和萘替芬软膏高 ,但无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,与克霉唑软膏差异有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。治愈后继续观察复发症状三周 ,布替萘芬复发数远小于其它各组药物。结论　布替萘芬作为抗皮肤浅表真菌药物有很好的发展前景     

布替萘芬对豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效观察

目的:观察布替萘芬乳膏剂及复方布替萘芬乳膏剂治疗豚鼠皮肤真菌病的疗效.方法;本实验共建立皮肤真菌病豚鼠感染模型54处,分别是1%布替萘芬乳膏治疗组,复方布替萘芬乳膏治疗组,l%萘替芬乳膏治疗组,1%联苯苄唑乳育治疗组,1%克霉唑软膏治疗组和空白对照组,疗程为14天,药物治疗结束后观察复发状况.结果:布替萘芬乳膏10天临床治愈率比联苯苄唑乳膏和萘替芬乳膏高22.3%,但无显著性差异(P>0.05),与克霉唑软膏差异有显著性意义(P<0.05).治愈后继续观察复发症状三周,布替萘芬复发数远小于其它各组药物.结论:布替萘芬作为抗皮肤浅表真菌药物有很好的发展前景.     

联苯苄唑治疗浅部真菌病316例的临床疗效

联苯苄唑(bifonazole)为新的治疗浅部真菌病的局部外用药。近年来我们应用该药治疗浅部真菌病获得满意疗效。 1 材料和方法 联苯苄唑剂型分别用95％乙醇溶剂和霜剂,药物浓度均为1％,并分别以相同浓度的克霉唑及吡酮胺溶液和霜剂作为对照。药物均由军事医学科学院合成、配制,采取双盲试验。每日1次,涂擦患部。受试者为临床诊断明确,真菌镜检阳性的浅部真     

姜黄挥发油洗剂对糠秕孢子菌的抑菌实验研究

头皮糠疹、头痒和脂溢性皮炎等均为糠秕孢子菌所致。本文对从姜黄中提取的挥发油、联苯苄唑及两种药的混合物制成香波型洗剂,采用平板划线打孔法与平板菌基打孔法做了体外抗糠秕孢子菌的实验研究。结果表明,姜黄的抗糠秕孢子菌作用强(MIC为0.156％),作用优于联苯苄唑(MIC为0.313％),两者联合效果更佳(MIC为0.078％)。本实验研究将为临床防治糠秕孢子菌病提供一个新的用药途径。     

盐酸达克罗宁胶浆剂的制备和处方筛选

目的 筛选盐酸达克罗宁胶浆剂的处方,并考察其稳定性。方法 以制剂外观、稳定性和体外释放率为指标,进行胶浆剂处方的筛选。采用HPLC法测定制剂经高温（40、60℃）、冷藏（4℃）、冷冻（-20℃）和光照（4500Lx）加速实验前、后药物的含量,并考察其物理稳定性。结果盐酸达克罗宁胶浆剂的优化处方组成为：1．0％盐酸达觅罗宁、0．75％甲基纤维素、30％丙二醇与0．1％苯甲酸钠。处方经高温、冷冻和光照10d后,含量及外观性状稳定。结论 采用优化处方制备的盐酸达克罗宁胶浆剂,制备工艺简单,制剂外观透明,细腻均匀,黏稠度与流动性适中,制剂的黏附性和稳定性良好。     

尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶的基因克隆及在原核细胞中的表达

目的：尿苷二磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶是催化黄原胶生成的酶类之一。设想通过增加酶量来达到提高黄原胶产量的最终目的。方法：提取基因组ＤＮＡ作为模板,通过ＰＣＲ扩地得到 酶基因,经ＤＮＡ体外重组构建表达质粒。结果：实验在大肠杆菌中的表达,并成功转化黄原胶菌株。转化过程提示黄原胶菌株可能具有某些特殊性,与文献报道比较有异同点。     

氟康唑片联合复方联苯苄唑溶液治疗手足癣临床研究

目的比较氟康唑片、复方联苯苄唑溶液及两种药物联合应用治疗手、足癣的疗效。方法 285例门诊病人随机抽签分成三组,分别用氟康唑片、复方联苯苄唑溶液及两种药物联合治疗。结果 氟康组痊愈率48.91%,显效率67.39%;联苯组痊愈率51.09%,显效率73.91%。联合组痊愈率91.11%,显效率95.56%。结论三种疗法均有效,联合组的疗效明显高于其他两组。     

天然亲水复合稳定剂在肉制品加工中的乳性能研究

本实验旨在为亚麻籽胶在肉制品生产加工中的应用提供参考。以亚麻籽胶为主要成分,同黄原胶、卡拉胶、瓜儿豆胶、分离蛋白、淀粉以不同比例混合后制成亲水复合稳定剂,研究其乳化物状态,不同温度对亲水复合稳定剂乳化性影响。结果表明:添加亲水胶体复合稳定剂的粘度和凝胶强度均增加,表面无油、水分离现象,低温时出油情况低于高温时,高温时凝胶强度高于低温时,弹性和凝胶强度均较单一成分的凝胶小,小单体之间有差异。亚麻籽胶的浓度与乳化物的弹性呈正相关;复合稳定剂的浓度与乳化物的粘稠度呈正相关;复合后各亲水胶体有协同作用,化学键的缔合加强水的作用,同时也有其自身特征影响乳化物状态。     

Small particles of fusinite and carbohydrate chars coated with aqueous soluble polymers: Preparation and applications for in Vivo EPR oximetry

The development of oxygen-sensitive paramagnetic materials is being pursued actively because of their potential applications in in vivo EPR oximetry. Among these materials, several charcoals and carbohydrate chars are of special interest because of their desirable EPR properties: high sensitivity of the EPR linewidth to the partial pressure of oxygen, simple EPR spectra, and high spin density. Their potential use in humans, however, is limited by the need to demonstrate that they will not lead to deleterious effects. A strategy was used to optimize the biocompatibility of the oxygen-sensitive materials by decreasing the size of the particles and coating them with suspending or surfactive agents such as arabic gum, polox-amer (Pluriol 6800®), and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The coated particles of a carbohydrate char and fusinite were characterized in vitro for their size, stability, and pO₂ sensitivity. The feasibility of performing pO₂ measurement was examined in vivo by inducing ischemia in the gastrocnemius muscle of mice. The use of arabic gum for coating the fusinite particles preserved the pO₂ sensitivity in vivo, whereas the other surfactive agents led to a loss of the pO₂ sensitivity in vivo. Small particles of fusinite coated by arabic gum and intravenously administered to mice accumulated in the liver, whereas the uncoated fusinite was toxic when injected intravenously due to the large size and aggregation of the particles. Histological studies performed up to 6 months after the injection in muscles of mice did not indicate any toxicity from the materials used in the present study.     

New oily agents for targeting chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma

PURPOSE: The evaluation of new oily agents for targeting chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: Five types of oily preparation were injected into the hepatic artery of 54 rabbits inoculated with VX2 carcinoma cells in order to evaluate (1) the safety of these preparations, (2) their histologic distribution and the amount of agents remaining at tumor sites, and (3) computed tomographic (CT) images obtained. Of these preparations, three were made by mixing non-iodinated poppy seed oil and a thickener and then adjusted to have a viscosity lower than, equal to, or higher than that of lipiodol. A fourth preparation was a mixture of lipiodol and a thickener with a higher viscosity than lipiodol alone, and the fifth preparation was lipiodol alone. RESULTS: (1) No injury to the hepatic parenchyma was observed hematologically or histologically. (2) With increase in the viscosity, a significantly larger amount of agent remained at the tumor site. No agent was present at normal sites 14 days after intraarterial injection, regardless of which preparation was given. (3) On CT scans following intraarterial injection, tumor cells were visibly deeply stained in the non-iodinated preparation groups, while the lipiodol groups were not evaluable because of excessively high attenuation. CONCLUSION: The non-iodinated oily preparations and highly viscous oily preparations developed in the present study were more useful than lipiodol for treatment of hepatic tumors.     

New Oily Agents for Targeting Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Purpose: The evaluation of new oily agents for targeting chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Five types of oily preparation were injected into the hepatic artery of 54 rabbits inoculated with VX2 carcinoma cells in order to evaluate (1) the safety of these preparations, (2) their histologic distribution and the amount of agents remaining at tumor sites, and (3) computed tomographic (CT) images obtained. Of these preparations, three were made by mixing non-iodinated poppy seed oil and a thickener and then adjusted to have a viscosity lower than, equal to, or higher than that of lipiodol. A fourth preparation was a mixture of lipiodol and a thickener with a higher viscosity than lipiodol alone, and the fifth preparation was lipiodol alone. Results: (1) No injury to the hepatic parenchyma was observed hematologically or histologically. (2) With increase in the viscosity, a significantly larger amount of agent remained at the tumor site. No agent was present at normal sites 14 days after intraarterial injection, regardless of which preparation was given. (3) On CT scans following intraarterial injection, tumor cells were visibly deeply stained in the non-iodinated preparation groups, while the lipiodol groups were not evaluable because of excessively high attenuation. Conclusion: The non-iodinated oily preparations and highly viscous oily preparations developed in the present study were more useful than lipiodol for treatment of hepatic tumors.     

桑黄多糖片剂的成型工艺研究

目的：选择适当辅料制备桑黄（裂蹄木层孔菌）多糖片剂,考察桑黄总多糖溶出度。方法：正交设计法优选处方,以PPVP为崩解剂、CaHPO4为填充剂、1%的PVP乙醇溶液为黏合剂、硬脂酸镁和微粉硅胶为润滑剂制备桑黄多糖片剂;采用紫外分光光度法以桑黄总多糖含量为测定指标,考察其溶出度。结果与结论：按最佳工艺制备的桑黄多糖片剂,溶出度良好,符合药典要求。