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1.
Background
Monoclonal gammopathies occurs in patients with malignant diseases of plasma cells and lymphocytes and in few benign conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the precision, accuracy and confirmation of monoclonal gammopathies on serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) and the clinical relevance of detection and characterization of M component.Methods
All samples received for serum electrophoresis in the last 3 years were analysed for data on M band positivity and correlating it with clinical profile of the patients. Immunofixation (IFE), Immunoelectrophoresis (IEP) and IgG, IgM estimation were carried out in few cases. The follow up of cases was done by serial monitoring of SPE and β2 microglobulin levels.Results
1155 samples were received during the 3 years period. 282 (24.4%) samples were positive for M component on SPE. Of these, 239 (84.8%) patients had M spike in λ region and 43 patients had M spike in β region. The mean load of the M protein band in the λ region was 37.8% and in β region was 35.8%. IgG with κ chain was seen in 40%, IgG with λ chain was seen in 50%, 5% patients each had IgM with κ and IgA with λ light chain. 246 samples (96.5%) had high levels of β2 microglobulin. Of the 116 cases of multiple myeloma, IgG levels was more commonly raised (5%) as compared to IgA (6.9%) and IgM (5.2%).Conclusion
It is recommended that SPE should be performed in patients having unexplained weakness, anaemia, back pain, osteoporosis, osteolytic lesions, fractures, renal insufficiency or recurrent infections.Key Words: Serum protein, Electrophoresis, M band, Multiple myeloma 相似文献2.
Neeraj K Garg Sharad Mangal Tejram Sahu Abhinav Mehta Suresh P Vyas Rajeev K Tyagi 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2011,1(1):57-63
Objective
To evaluate the anti-apoptotic and radical scavenging activities of dietary phenolics, namely ascorbic acid,α-tocopherol acetate, citric acid, salicylic acid, and estimate H2O2-induced apoptosis in renal cell carcinoma cells.Methods
The intracellular antioxidant potency of antioxidants was investigated. H2O2-induced apoptosis in RCC-26 was assayed with the following parameters: cell viability (% apoptosis), nucleosomal damage and DNA fragmentation, bcl-2 levels and flow cytometery analysis (ROS production evaluation).Results
The anticancer properties of antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol acetate, citric acid, salicylic acid with perdurable responses were investigated. It was observed that these antioxidants had protective effect (anti-apoptotic activity) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC-26) cell line.Conclusions
This study reveals and proves the anticancer properties. However, in cancer cell lines anti-apoptotic activity can indirectly reflect the cancer promoter activity through radicals scavenging, and significantly protect nucleus and bcl-2. 相似文献3.
Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti Jean Paul Kamdem Aline Augusti Bolingon Margareth Linde Athayde Seeger Rodrigo Lopes Emily Pansera Waczuk Ige Joseph Kade Isaac Gbadura Adanlawo Joao Batista Teixeira Rocha 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2013,3(10):757-766
Objective
To evaluate the antioxidant and radical scavenging activities of Solanum anguivi fruit (SAG) and its possible effect on mitochondrial permeability transition pore as well as mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) isolated from rat liver.Methods
Antioxidant activity of SAG was assayed by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), reducing power, iron chelation and ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in both liver and brain homogenate of rats. Also, the effect of SAG on mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial swelling were determined. Identification and quantification of bioactive polyphenolics was done by HPLC-DAD.Results
SAG exhibited potent and concentration dependent free radical-scavenging activity (IC50/DPPH=275.03±7.8 µg/mL). Reductive and iron chelation abilities also increase with increase in SAG concentration. SAG also inhibited peroxidation of cerebral and hepatic lipids subjected to iron oxidative assault. SAG protected against Ca2+ (110 µmol/L)-induced mitochondrial swelling and maintained the ΔΨm. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of gallic acid [(17.54±0.04) mg/g], chlorogenic acid (21.90±0.02 mg/g), caffeic acid (16.64±0.01 mg/g), rutin [(14.71±0.03) mg/g] and quercetin [(7.39±0.05) mg/g].Conclusions
These effects could be attributed to the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in the extract. Our results suggest that SAG extract is a potential source of natural antioxidants that may be used not only in pharmaceutical and food industry but also in the treatment of diseases associated with oxidative stress. 相似文献4.
Background
Cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is emerging as the method of choice for initial screening and diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies. The use of alkaline and acid gel electrophoresis in the developing countries may result in incorrect diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies. The aim of the study is to assess the accuracy and precision of diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies by HPLC and its possible advantage over conventional techniques.Methods
Over a two year period, 955 patients presenting with anaemia were evaluated by HPLC for diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies. All cases showing ‘unknown peaks’ and other rare haemoglobin variants on HPLC were further analyzed by agar gel electrophoresis at alkaline pH (8.6) and at acid pH (6.0).Result
A total of 137 (14.3%) patients showed different abnormal haemoglobins variants. Of these 91 (66.4%) were diagnosed to have beta – heterozygous thalassaemia based on high level of HbA2 (>3.9%), five (3.7%) as beta – homozygous thalassaemia (HbF 25 – 91%), 15 (10.9%) as sickle cell trait, two (1.5%) as compound heterozygous state of sickle - β+ thalassaemia and three (2.2%) patients as homozygous sickle cell anaemia (HbSS). One (0.7%) patient had unknown peak on HPLC with retention time of 4.78 minutes, constituting 16.8% of total haemoglobin. Sickling test was negative. He was diagnosed as HbQ – India heterozygous. Thirteen (9.5%) patients were diagnosed as HbE syndrome and were further sub classified as HbE trait (five cases) and HbE disease (eight cases). Seven (5.1%) patients were diagnosed as Hb – D Punjab heterozygous.Conclusion
The simplicity of the sample preparation, superior resolution of the method and accurate quantitation of haemoglobin concentration, combined with complete automation, makes this an ideal methodology for diagnosis of haemoglobinopathies.Key Words: Haemoglobinopathy, High performance liquid chromatography, Thalassaemia 相似文献5.
Amit D Kandhare Kiran S Raygude Pinaki Ghosh Arvindkumar E Ghule Tejas P Gosavi Sachin L Badole Subhash L Bodhankar 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2012,2(5):337-344
Objective
To elucidate the ameliorative effect of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves of Hibiscus rosa sinensis (HRS) in acetic acid induced experimental colitis in male wistar rats.Methods
The animals were administered with 2 mL acetic acid (4%) via intra rectal. The animals were divided into various treatment groups (n=6). Prednisolone was used as standard drug and HRS was administered at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o. The control group of animals received 1 mL of vehicle (distilled water). Ulcer area, ulcer index, spleen weight, colon weight to length ratio, macroscopic score, haematological parameters, colonic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and histological changes were recorded after the treatment regimen of 11 days.Results
Intrarectal instillation of acetic acid caused enhanced ulcer area, ulcer index, spleen weight, colon weight to length ratio, colonic MPO, MDA, NO and TNF-α It caused significant decreased level of SOD and GSH. Pretreatment with HRS for 7 days exhibited significant effect in lowering of oxidative stress, colonic NO, TNF-α and elevation of SOD and GSH at a dose of 100 and 200 mg/kg in acetic acid induced colitis.Conclusions
The present investigation demonstrates HRS is of potent therapeutic value in the amelioration of experimental colitis in laboratory animals by inhibiting the proinflammatory mediator like NO and TNF-α. 相似文献6.
Abd El-Moneim MR Afify Hossam S El-Beltagi Samiha M Abd El-Salam Azza A Omran 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2012,2(3):203-209
Objective
To investigate the changes in total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, vitamin E, β-carotene and antioxidant activity during soaking of three white sorghum varieties.Methods
The changes in total phenols, total flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids compounds, flavonoid components, vitamin E, β-carotene and antioxidant activity during soaking of sorghum grains were determined.Results
Total phenols, total flavonoids, tannins, vitamin E, β-carotene and antioxidant activity in raw sorghum were ranged from 109.21 to 116.70, 45.91 to 54.69, 1.39 to 21.79 mg/100 g, 1.74 to 5.25, 0.54 to 1.19 mg/kg and 21.72% to 27.69% and 25.29% to 31.97%, respectively. The above measured compounds were significantly decreased after soaking. p-Hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid and cinnamic acid represent the major phenolic acids in Dorado variety. While ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, gallic acid and caffeic acid represent the major phenolic acids in Shandaweel-6. On the other hand, protocatechuic acid represents the major phenolic acids in Giza-15. Regarding flavonoids components, Dorado was the highest variety in kampferol and naringenin while Shandaweel-6 was the highest variety in luteolin, apigenin, hypersoid, quercetin and christen. Finally, Giza-15 was the highest variety in catechin. Phenolic acids, flavonoid compounds and antioxidant activities were decreased after soaking.Conclusions
Sorghum varieties have moderate quantities from total phenols, total flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids compounds, flavonoid components, vitamin E, β-carotene and antioxidant activity which decreased after soaking. 相似文献7.
Hye-Ryun Kim Il-Doo Kim Sanjeev Kumar Dhungana Mi-Ok Kim Dong-Hyun Shin 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2014,4(2):97-103
Objective
To investigate the physicochemical properties of unripe peach-Prunus persica cv. Mibaekdo (Mibaekdo) and Prunus persica cv. Nagasawa Hakuho (Nagasawa Hakuho) as an alternative to food supplement while Japanese apricot (Prunus mume cv. Backaha) (Backaha) was used as a control sample.Methods
The unripe fruits were analyzed for soluble solid ( ˚Brix), titratable acidity, pH, total polyphenol content, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, amygdalin content, free amino acid content, organic acid content, free sugar content, and α-amylase activities.Results
Total polyphenol content of unripe peach ranged between 137.27-151.64 µg/g whereas that of apricot was 160.73 µg/g. DPPH radical scavenging activities of Backaha was the highest (89.16%) followed by Mibaekdo (85.05%) and Nagasawa Hakuho (41.50%). The highest amount of oxalic acid (612.8 mg/100 g) was observed in Mibaekdo while that of Nagasawa Hakuho and Backaha were (184.6±18.1) and (334.8±16.1) mg/100 g, respectively. Amygdalin contents of Mibaekdo, Nagasawa Hakuho and Backaha were 486.61, 548.60 and 174.28 µg/g, respectively.Conclusions
The results suggest that the unripe fruit of peach has a significant biochemical potential of using as a food supplement with potential health benefit for human health. 相似文献8.
Apirak Sakunpak Jirapornchai Suksaeree Chaowalit Monton Pathamaporn Pathompak Krisana Kraisintu 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2014,4(2):119-123
Objective
To develop and validate an image analysis method for quantitative analysis of γ-oryzanol in cold pressed rice bran oil.Methods
TLC-densitometric and TLC-image analysis methods were developed, validated, and used for quantitative analysis of γ-oryzanol in cold pressed rice bran oil. The results obtained by these two different quantification methods were compared by paired t-test.Results
Both assays provided good linearity, accuracy, reproducibility and selectivity for determination of γ-oryzanol.Conclusions
The TLC-densitometric and TLC-image analysis methods provided a similar reproducibility, accuracy and selectivity for the quantitative determination of γ-oryzanol in cold pressed rice bran oil. A statistical comparison of the quantitative determinations of γ-oryzanol in samples did not show any statistically significant difference between TLC-densitometric and TLC-image analysis methods. As both methods were found to be equal, they therefore can be used for the determination of γ-oryzanol in cold pressed rice bran oil. 相似文献9.
G Premkumar R Sankaranarayanan S Jeeva K Rajarathinam 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2011,1(3):169-172
Objective
To develop an improved protocol for micropropagation of ethnomedicinally important Scoparia dulcis (S. dulcis) L.Methods
Explants were inoculated on MS basal medium supplemented with kinetin and 6-benzylaminopurine for shoot bud induction. To enhance the shoot induction, various auxins like 3-indoleacetic acid or 3-indolebutyric acid or α-naphthylacetic acid were tested along with 2.32 M KI and 4.44 µM BAP. The regenerated shoots were rooted in half strength MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of IAA, IBA or NAA. After roots were developed, the plantlets were transplanted to pots filled with vermiculate and sand and kept in growth chamber with 70%–80% humidity under 16 h photoperiod. After acclimatization, the plantlets were transferred to the garden and survival percentage was calculated. Data were statistically analyzed and means were compared using Duncan''s multiple range test (P<0.05).Results
An in vitro method was developed to induce high frequency shoots regeneration from stem, mature leaf and young leaf explants of S. dulcis. Shoot induction on young leaf explants was most successful in MS medium supplemented with combination of two cytokinins (2.32 µM KI and 4.44 µM BAP) 2.85 µM IAA, 10% CM and 1 483.79 µM adenine sulfate. A single young leaf explant was capable of producing 59 shoots after 13 days of culture. Flower was induced in medium supplemented with combination of KI and BAP.Conclusions
Cytokinins are the key factor to induce the direct shoot regeneration and flowering of S. dulcis. 相似文献10.
Objective
To investigate the inhibitory effect of Telfairia occidentalis Hook f. (Curcubitaceae) (T. occidentalis) leaf on key enzyme linked to type-2 diabetes (α - amylase and α - glucosidase) as well as assess the effect of blanching (a commonly practiced food processing technique) of the vegetable on these key enzymes.Methods
Fresh leaves of T. occidentalis were blanched in hot water for 10 minutes, and the extracts of both the fresh and blanched vegetables were prepared and used for subsequent analysis. The inhibitory effect of the extract on α - amylase and α - glucosidase activities as well as some antioxidant parameter was determined in vitro.Results
The result revealed that unprocessed T. occidentalis leaf reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ and also inhibited α - amylase and α - glucosidase activities in a dose dependent manner. However, blanching of the leafy vegetables caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in the antioxidant properties but decrease their ability to inhibit α - amylase and α - glucosidase activities.Conclusions
This antioxidant properties and enzyme inhibition could be part of the mechanism by which they are used in the treatment/prevention of type-2 diabetes. However, the blanched vegetable reduces their ability to inhibit both α - amylase and α - glucosidase activity in vitro. 相似文献11.
MR Afify Abd El-Moneim S Ali Fatma AF Turky 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2012,2(1):24-30
Objective
To evaluate the acaricidal activity of extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus against Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) Koch.Methods
Extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus with different concentrations (0.5%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0% and 4.0%) were used to control T. urticae Koch.Results
The results showed that chamomile (Chamomilla recutita) represented the most potent efficient acaricidal agent against Tetranychus followed by marjoram (Marjorana hortensis) and Eucalyptus. The LC50 values of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus for adults were 0.65, 1.84 and 2.18, respectively and for eggs 1.17, 6.26 and 7.33, respectively. Activities of enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase, esterase (α-esterase and β-esterase) and alkaline phosphatase in susceptible mites were determined and activities of enzymes involved in the resistance of acaricides were proved. Protease enzyme was significantly decreased at LC50 of both chamomile and marjoram compared with positive control. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) proved that the major compositions of Chamomilla recutita are α-bisabolol oxide A (35.251%), and trans-β-farersene (7.758%), while the main components of Marjorana hortensis are terpinene-4-ol (23.860%), p-cymene (23.404%) and sabinene (10.904%).Conclusions
It can be concluded that extracts of three essential oils of chamomile, marjoram and Eucalyptus possess acaricidal activity against T. urticae. 相似文献12.
Shawkat Md. Aminul Islam Kh Tanvir Ahmed Mohammad Kawsar Manik Md. Arif Wahid Chowdhury Shafayat Ibne Kamal 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2013,3(9):682-691
Objective
To investigate the antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic and thrombolytic property of the fruits and leaves of Spondias dulcis (S. dulcis).Methods
Methanolic extracts of fruits and leaves of S. dulcis were partitioned with chloroform and dichloromethane. The antioxidant potential of the crude extract and partitioned fractions were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, DPPH radical scavenging potential, reducing potential and total antioxidant capacity by specific standard procedures. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using disc diffusion method. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay and compared with vincristine sulfate. The thrombolytic activity was compared with streptokinase.Results
The methanolic fruit extract exhibited the highest phenolic content, flavonoid content and antioxidant capacity, among the other extracts, with the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 10 µg/mL (IC50: 1.91 µg/mL) and maximum reducing power at a concentration of 100 µg/mL (EC50: 3.58 µg/mL). Though all extract showed moderate antimicrobial activity against the bacterial strains, weak or no activity against fungus. The range of LC50 value of all extracts was 1.335-14.057 µg/mL which was far lower than the cut off index for cytotoxicity. All extracts exhibited statistically significant (P<0.001) thrombolytic activity.Conclusions
Our study suggested that S. dulcis exhibits antimicrobial activities against a wide variety of strains while it possesses significant antioxidant, cytotoxic and thrombolytic activity. 相似文献13.
GS Chopra V Nair PK Gupta DK Mishra A Sharma OP Mathew 《Medical Journal Armed Forces India》2008,64(4):311-314
Background
Thalassaemia and other structural haemoglobinopathies are the major genetic disorders prevalent in certain parts of the world including India. This study presents the pattern of haemoglobinopathies amongst the referred patients of anaemia in a two-year period.Methods
A total of 1032 patients were studied during a two-year period for anaemia investigation. Haematological indices, sickling test and haemoglobin electrophoresis with quantification of the bands was done in all cases.Result
Out of 1032 cases, 774 (75%) were normal and 258 (25%) cases had abnormal haemoglobin pattern. Of the 258 abnormal cases, 136 (53%) were males and 122 (47%) were females. Of all cases of anaemia 370 (36%) were microcytic hypochromic, 237 (23%) macrocytic, 151 (15%) were dimorphic and the rest (26%) had normocytic normochromic picture. 82% of microcytic hypochromic anaemias had reduced serum iron and elevated total iron binding capacity (TIBC), whereas 85% had decreased serum ferritin levels. Spectrum of haemoglobinopathies prevalent were β-Thalassemia trait (17%), followed by sickle cell trait (2.3%). Other haemoglobinopathies in descending order of frequency were sickle cell disease (1.7%), Hb D trait (1%), Hb E trait (0.8%), sickle cell – β thalassemia, Hb E disease, E – β thalassemia (0.6% each) and thalassemia major (0.4%).Conclusion
This study provides a comprehensive database on the spectrum of haemoglobinopathies in the Armed Forces. It is suggested that detection of HbA2 should be carried out in all the high-risk groups with anaemia.Key Words: Haemoglobinopathies, Anaemia, Thalassemia 相似文献14.
Pantelis Theo Nikolaidis 《Nigerian medical journal》2014,55(4):314-320
Background:
Although maximal heart rate (HR)max is used widely to assess exercise intensity in sport training and particularly in various team sports, there are limited data with regards to the use of age-based prediction equations of HRmax in sport populations. The aim of this study was to compare the measured-HRmax with three prediction equations (Fox-HRmax = 220-age and Tanaka-HRmax = 208-0.7×age and Nikolaidis-HRmax = 223-1.44×age) in young team sport athletes.Materials and Methods:
Athletes of soccer, futsal, basketball and water polo, classified into three age groups (u-12, 9−12 years, n = 50; u-15, 12−15 years, n = 40; u-18, 15−18 years, n = 57), all members of competitive clubs, voluntarily performed a graded exercise field test (20 m shuttle run endurance test) to assess HRmax.Results:
Fox-HRmax and Nikolaidis-HRmax overestimated measured-HRmax, while Tanaka-HRmax underestimated it (P < 0.001). However, this trend was not consistent when examining each group separately; measured-HRmax was similar with Tanaka-HRmax in u-12 and u-15, while it was similar with Nikolaidis-HRmax in u-18.Conclusion:
The results of this study failed to validate two widely used and one recently developed prediction equations in a large sample of young athletes, indicating the need for specific equation in different age groups. Therefore, coaches and fitness trainers should prefer Tanaka-HRmax when desiring to avoid overtraining, while Fox-HRmax and Nikolaidis-HRmax should be their choice in order to ensure adequate exercise intensity. 相似文献15.
E M Chisati O Vasseljen 《Malawi medical journal : the journal of Medical Association of Malawi》2015,27(1):5-9
Background
Aerobic endurance is an important aspect of physical fitness that enables individuals living with HIV to endure in the work place as well as in agricultural operations in order to earn a living and improve their quality of life. However, despite high HIV prevalence rates, the aerobic endurance status of young Malawians living with HIV remains unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the difference in VO2max between HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals in Blantyre, Malawi.Methods
Fifty five participants (17 males and 38 females) who have HIV and were not taking antiretroviral medication and 78 HIV-negative participants (45 males and 33 females) performed the Rockport submaximal treadmill exercise test. Measures of body weight, post-exercise heart rate and time to walk one mile were obtained and used to predict VO2max. Comparisons between groups were adjusted for age differences using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).Results
VO2max was significantly lower in HIV-positive subjects [31.1, 28.7 – 33.5mL.kg-1.min-1(mean, 95% CI)] compared with HIV-negative subjects [56.2, 54.3 – 58.1mL.kg-1.min-1].Conclusion
Aerobic endurance was markedly reduced in HIV-positive participants compared with HIV-negative participants. Findings of the current study implicate factors associated with the HIV infection as contributors to a decreased aerobic endurance in people living with HIV. 相似文献16.
Evan Prince Sabina Haridas Indu Mahaboobkhan Rasool 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2012,2(2):128-133
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of boswellic acid against monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation in mice.Methods
The mice were divided into four experimental groups. Group I served as control; mice in group II were injected with monosodium urate crystal; group III consisted of monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with boswellic acid (30 mg/kg/b.w.); group IV comprised monosodium urate crystal-induced mice who were treated with indomethacin (3 mg/kg/b.w.). Paw volume and levels/activities of lysosomal enzymes, lipid peroxidation, anti-oxidant status and inflammatory mediator TNF-α were determined in control and monosodium urate crystal-induced mice. In addition, the levels of β-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase were also measured in monosodium urate crystal-incubated polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNL) in vitro.Results
The activities of lysosomal enzymes, lipid peroxidation, and tumour necrosis factor-α levels and paw volume were increased significantly in monosodium urate crystal-induced mice, whereas the activities of antioxidant status were in turn decreased. However, these changes were modulated to near normal levels upon boswellic acid administration. In vitro, boswellic acid reduced the level of β-glucuronidase and lactate dehydrogenase in monosodium urate crystal-incubated PMNL in concentration dependent manner when compared with control cells.Conclusions
The results obtained in this study further strengthen the anti-inflammatory/antiarthritic effect of boswellic acid, which was already well established by several investigators. 相似文献17.
Parastoo Karimian Gholamreza Kavoosi Zahra Amirghofran 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》2014,4(3):219-227
Objective
To investigate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of Tagetes minuta (T. minuta) essential oil.Methods
In the present study T. minuta essential oil was obtained from leaves of T. minuta via hydro-distillation and then was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The anti-oxidant capacity of T. minuta essential oil was examined by measuring reactive oxygen, reactive nitrogen species and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. The anti-inflammatory activity of T. minuta essential oil was determined through measuring NADH oxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthase and TNF-α mRNA expression in lipopolysacharide-stimulated murine macrophages using real-time PCR.Results
Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis indicated that the main components in the T. minuta essential oil were dihydrotagetone (33.86%), E-ocimene (19.92%), tagetone (16.15%), cis-β-ocimene (7.94%), Z-ocimene (5.27%), limonene (3.1%) and epoxyocimene (2.03%). The T. minuta essential oil had the ability to scavenge all reactive oxygen/reactive nitrogen species radicals with IC50 12-15 µg/mL, which indicated a potent radical scavenging activity. In addition, T. minuta essential oil significantly reduced NADH oxidase, inducible nitric oxide synthaseand TNF-α mRNA expression in the cells at concentrations of 50 µg/mL, indicating a capacity of this product to potentially modulate/diminish immune responses.Conclusions
T. minuta essential oil has radical scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities and could potentially be used as a safe effective source of natural anti-oxidants in therapy against oxidative damage and stress associated with some inflammatory conditions. 相似文献18.
Objective
To study morpho-anatomical characters and physicochemical analysis of Fumaria indica (F. indica) (Hausskn.) Pugsley, (Fumariaceae), an important medicinal plant used extensively for treating a variety of ailments in various system of indigenous medicine.Methods
Evaluation of the different parts of the plant was carried out to determine the morpho-anatomical, physicochemical, phytochemical and HPTLC fingerprinting profile of F. indica and other WHO recommended methods were performed for standardization.Results
Morpho-anatomical studies showed compound and pinnatifid leaf, 4 to 6 cm in length, linear and oblong in shape and anomocytic arrangement of stomata, thin walled parenchymatous cells, scattered, sclerenchymatous, capped vascular bundles and radiating medullary rays. Physicochemical studies showed foreign matter 0.2%, loss on drying 6.8%, total ash 16.77%, alcohol and water soluble extractives 8.92% and 20.26%, respectively, sugar 17.75%, starch 22.97% and tannins 2.37%. Phytochemical evaluation revealed the presence of carbohydrate, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and sterol. Thin layer chromatography was carried out with different solvents and the best solvent system was chloroform and methanol in 80:20 ratio and revealed 12 spots with different Rf value under UV light 366λ.Conclusions
The results of the study can serve as a valuable source of information and provide suitable standards for identification of this plant material for future investigations and applications. 相似文献19.
Hui Zhu Shao-Chen Guo Lan-Hu Hao Cheng-Cheng Liu Bin Wang Lei Fu Ming-Ting Chen Lin Zhou Jun-Ying Chi Wen Yang Wen-Juan Nie Yu Lu 《中华医学杂志(英文版)》2015,128(4):433-437
Background:
Decreases in the bioavailability of rifampicin (RFP) can lead to the development of drug resistance and treatment failure. Therefore, we investigated the relative bioavailability of RFP from one four-drug fixed-dose combination (FDC; formulation A) and three two-drug FDCs (formulations B, C, and D) used in China, compared with RFP in free combinations of these drugs (reference), in healthy volunteers.Methods:
Eighteen and twenty healthy Chinese male volunteers participated in two open-label, randomized two-period crossover (formulations A and C) or one three-period crossover (formulations B and D) study, respectively. The washout period between treatments was 7 days. Bioequivalence was assessed based on 90% confidence intervals, according to two one-sided t-tests. All analyses were done with DAS 3.1.5 (Mathematical Pharmacology Professional Committee of China, Shanghai, China).Results:
Mean pharmacokinetic parameter values of RFP obtained for formulations A, B, C, and D products were 11.42 ± 3.41 μg/ml, 7.86 ± 5.78 μg/ml, 13.05 ± 6.80 μg/ml, and 16.18 ± 3.87 μg/ml, respectively, for peak plasma concentration (Cmax), 91.43 ± 30.82 μg·h−1 ·ml−1, 55.49 ± 37.58 μg·h−1 ·ml−1, 96.50 ± 47.24 μg·h−1 ·ml−1, 101.47 ± 33.07 μg·h−1 ·ml−1, respectively, for area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0−24 h).Conclusions:
Although the concentrations of RFP for formulations A, C, and D were within the reported acceptable therapeutic range, only formulation A was bioequivalent to the reference product. The three two-drug FDCs (formulations B, C and D) displayed inferior RFP bioavailability compared with the reference (Chinese Clinical Trials registration number: ChiCTR-TTRCC-12002451). 相似文献20.