DNA修复酶（MGMT）在胃癌中表达与病理类型及转移的相关性

目的：研究胃癌组织中06-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA-甲基转移酶表达及其临床意义。方法：采用SABC免疫组织化学方法检测46例胃癌组织MGMT的表达。结果：胃癌中MGMT总阳性率为47．83％（22／46）。MGMT在浸润浆膜组和有淋巴结转移组阳性率明显增高,与浸润肌层和无转移组差异有显著性（P〈0．05）;胃体部癌MGMT阳性率较高,与贲门部比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。MGMT在胃癌中的表达与性别、年龄、分化程度相关性不明显（p〉0．05）。结论：MGMT在胃癌中的表达与浸润深度、淋巴结转移和癌的部位有关。     

胃癌中MGMT和EGFR表达及其意义

目的:探讨胃癌组织中O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶(O6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase,MGMT)和表皮生长因子受体蛋白(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)的表达情况及其临床意义.方法:采用SP免疫组织化学染色法检测69例胃癌标本中MGMT和EGFR的表达.结果:胃癌组织中MGMT和EGFR阳性率分别为52.17%(36/69)和59.42%(41/69).MGMT和EGFR在淋巴结转移组阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组,差异显著(P＜0.05).癌细胞浸润深组EGFR表达增高,癌细胞分化程度低组MGMT表达增高.MGMT和EGFR的表达存在低度正相关性(r=0.2723).结论:检测MGMT和EGFR的表达对判断胃癌患者预后及制定相应的化疗方案有指导意义.     

P-gp、GST-π、Topoll在胃癌组织中的表达及意义

目的:探讨P-糖蛋白(P-gp),谷胱甘肽S-转移酶π(GST-π)及DNA拓扑异构酶(TopoⅡ)在胃癌组织中的表达及其临床意义.方法:应用免疫组化S-P法联合检测P-gP、GST-π、TopoⅡ在97例胃癌组织和20例正常胃黏膜组织中的表达情况,探讨其与胃癌的组织学类型、浸润程度、有无淋巴结转移的关系.结果:P-gp、GST-π在胃癌组织中的表达高于正常胃黏膜组织(P<0.05),TopoⅡ在胃癌组织中的表达低于正常胃黏膜组织(P<0.05).P-gp、GST-π在中高分化腺癌中的表达高于低分化腺癌,有显著意义(P<0.05),TopoⅡ在高中分化腺癌中的表达低于低分化腺癌,有显著意义(P<0.05).P-gp、GST-π、TopoⅡ在高中分化腺癌中的阳性表达率与黏液癌相比无显著统计学意义(P>0.05).TopoⅡ在黏液癌中的表达率显著低于低分化腺癌(P<0.05).P-gp、GST-π、TopoⅡ在肿瘤浸润程度上无显著差别(P>0.05).P-gp、GST-π在有淋巴结转移组的表达率高于无淋巴结转移组,有显著意义(P<0.05);TopoⅡ在有淋巴结转移组的表达率低于无淋巴结转移组,但统计学上无显著意义(P>0.05).结论:P-gp、GST-π、TopoⅡ均在胃癌原发性多药耐药中起重要作用.它们在胃癌中的表达与肿瘤浸润深度无关,与组织学类型、有无淋巴结转移有关.联合检测P-gp、GST-π、TopoⅡ对于胃癌制定个体化的化疗方案有指导意义.     

CD44V6在胃癌前疾病及胃癌中的表达

目的探讨CD44V6在正常胃粘膜及胃良恶性病变中的表达规律及其与胃癌发生发展的关系.方法应用免疫组织化学LSAB方法,对10例正常胃粘膜组织、35例非癌病变组织和65例胃癌中CD44V6的表达进行了检测.结果CD44V6在正常胃粘膜和非癌性病变组织中的阳性率明显低于胃癌组织,差别有显著性(P＜0.05).CD44V6的阳性表达率与胃癌的浸润深度和TNM分期呈正相关,有淋巴结转移者的阳性率高于无淋巴结转移者(P＜0.05).CD44V6阳性者术后3年死亡率高于阴性者(P＜0.05).结论CD44V6在胃癌中的异常表达可能是胃癌发生、发展的一个重要的分子学改变,检测其表达有助于评估胃癌的浸润、淋巴结转移状况和判断预后.     

胃癌组织中Caveolin-1,Paxillin的表达及其临床生物学意义

目的:探讨Caveolin-1和Paxillin在正常胃黏膜,胃上皮内瘤变和胃腺癌组织中的表达及其与胃癌发生发展和浸润转移的关系.方法: 应用SP法检测20例正常胃黏膜、30例胃上皮内瘤变、58例胃腺癌组织中Caveolin-1和Paxillin的表达.结果: 正常胃黏膜、上皮内瘤变、胃腺癌组织中,Caveolin-1的阳性率呈递减趋势,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Caveolin-1 表达与分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05);Paxillin阳性率在胃癌组织与其他两组的表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Paxillin表达与年龄、分化程度、TNM分期、淋巴结转移、脉管转移有关(P<0.05).结论: caveolin-1和Paxillin表达降低或缺失在胃癌的浸润转移等恶性进展过程中起重要作用;Paxillin与胃癌的发生密切相关;胃癌中Caveolin-1蛋白和Paxillin蛋白表达呈正相关.     

Ang-2和ER在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究乳腺癌组织中血管生成素-2(angiopoietin-2,Ang-2)和雌激素受体(estrogen receptor,ER)的表达及其临床意义.方法:采用免疫组织化学SABC法,检测87例乳腺癌组织中Ang-2及ER的表达情况.结果:乳腺癌中Ang-2的阳性率为68.97%(60/87),ER的阳性率为71.26%(62/87),二者表达呈低度正相关,(P<0.05).Ang-2及ER在有淋巴结转移组中的阳性率明显高于无淋巴结转移组(P<0.05),Ang-2在浸润型乳腺癌组织中的表达明显高于非浸润型组(P<0.05);ER在乳腺癌组织中的表达与乳腺癌患者的年龄和是否有淋巴结转移有关(P<0.05).结论:Ang-2可促进癌细胞的浸润;ER的阳性表达是预后的良好指标;Ang-2和ER在乳腺癌组织中表达的相关性不明显.     

O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶在大肠癌中的表达及意义

目的:检测大肠癌组织中O6-甲基鸟嘌呤-DNA甲基转移酶(MGMT)的表达情况及其在肿瘤发生发展中的作用和临床意义.方法:采用SABC免疫组化法检测79例大肠癌标本中MGMT的表达情况.结果:大肠癌中MGMT阳性率为53.16%(42/79),其阳性表达与性别、癌细胞浸润深度无关(P>0.05),与患者年龄、淋巴结转移情况有关(P＜0.05).结论:检测MGMT的表达情况对于大肠癌恶性程度的判断及临床化疗方案的制定具有指导作用.     

RIP3及TNF-α在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨RIP3、TNF-α在胃癌组织中的表达及临床意义.方法:收集55例胃癌组织及相应癌旁正常组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR检测RIP3 mRNA及TNF-α mRNA的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系及两者相关性;运用免疫组织化学方法检测RIP3及TNF-α的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系及两者相关性.结果:胃癌组织中RIP3 mRNA表达水平明显低于癌旁正常组织的表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);TNF-α mRNA的表达水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两指标的mRNA的表达情况均与患者的淋巴结转移、TNM分期、浸润深度有关(P<0.05),与患者性别、年龄无关(P>0.05).进一步分析RIP3 mRNA及TNF-α mRNA在胃癌中表达呈负相关(r=-0.492,P<0.05).免疫组织化学法显示RIP3在胃癌组织中表达阳性率(34.5%)明显低于对照组(67.3%);TNF-α在胃癌组织中表达阳性率(61.8%)明显高于对照组(34.5%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),并且随着淋巴结转移越多、TNM分期越高、浸润越深,RIP3的表达水平逐渐降低,但TNF-α与之相反,两者均与性别、年龄无关.RIP3与TNF-α呈负相关(r=-0.489,P<0.05).结论:胃癌中可能存在RIP3/TNF-α信号通路上调,RIP3参与细胞程序化坏死可能是导致胃癌发生、发展的一个重要机制.     

SNCG、 nm23在胃癌中的表达及临床意义

目的:研究胃癌中SNCG,nm23的表达及其临床意义,并进一步探讨它们在胃癌中表达的相关性.方法: 采用免疫组化法观察60例胃癌及20例胃正常黏膜石蜡标本中SNCG、 nm23的表达情况,实验数据用SPSS12.0软件包进行统计.结果: 在胃癌中SNCG蛋白阳性率65%,高于周围正常组织(P<0.05).nm23在胃癌组织中表达阳性率为55%,低于周围正常组织(P<0.01).SNCG、 nm23的表达与肿瘤浸润深度、淋巴结转移及肿瘤临床分期均相关(P<0.05).SNCG与nm23在胃癌中的表达呈负相关(P<0.05)).结论: SNCG、 nm23蛋白的表达与胃癌发生、发展和浸润转移相关.胃癌组织中SNCG的表达与nm23的表达呈负相关,二者的检测有助于胃癌浸润转移的预测,对判断患者预后有重要参考价值.     

乳腺癌组织和癌旁组织MGMT和GST-π蛋白表达的流式细胞术分析

目的研究乳腺癌组织和癌旁组织O6甲基鸟嘌呤DNA甲基转移酶(MGMT)和谷胱苷肽S转移酶π(GSTπ)蛋白表达的临床意义。方法应用流式细胞术(FCM)分析MGMT和GSTπ蛋白表达。结果乳腺癌组织MGMT和GSTπ表达显著高于癌旁组织(P<0.05)。2种耐药相关蛋白在不同年龄、不同肿瘤大小、不同病理类型、不同临床分期和雌、孕激素受体阴性与阳性患者间的表达均无显著差异(P>0.05)。有淋巴结转移组患者MGMT与无淋巴结转移组患者比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。但GSTπ表达在有淋巴结转移组患者显著高于无淋巴结转移组患者(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,MGMT与GSTπ表达间无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论初步研究结果提示,MGMT蛋白表达可能与乳腺癌预后无关,不能作为乳腺癌的一个预后指标。GSTπ表达与淋巴结转移状况有关,有可能成为预测乳腺癌预后的指标之一。     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.     

VEGF及KDR在大肠腺瘤和腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌中的表达及临床病理特征的关系。方法：大肠腺瘤和大肠腺癌组织标本各100例,采用免疫组织化学染色法检测VEGF和KDR在标本中的表达情况。结果：VEGF和KDR在大肠腺癌组中的阳性表达明显高于大肠腺瘤组（P〈0.05）;在正常大肠黏膜均未见VEGF和KDR表达的阳性染色;VEGF阳性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率为70%,显著高于VEGF阴性表达组中KDR的阳性表达率16%,两组比较有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论：大肠腺癌组织中KDR的表达与肿瘤大小、转移情况、浸润深度密切相关;VEGF和KDR在大肠腺瘤中的表达与患者的年龄、性别及分型均无相关性,而与增生程度相关（P〈0.05）。在大肠腺癌患者中VEGF及KDR表达更高,二者具有协同效应。     

Morphine and tumor growth and metastasis

Morphine is an analgesic widely used to alleviate cancer pain. In addition, the perioperative management of pain in cancer surgery patients most often includes opioids. However, there are reports that these drugs may alter cancer recurrence or metastasis. Several mechanisms have been proposed, such as the modulation of the immune response or cellular pathways that control the survival and migratory behavior of cancer cells. The published literature, however, presents some discrepancies, with reports suggesting that opioids may either promote or prevent the spread of cancer. It is of great importance to determine whether opioids, in particular the most widely used, morphine, may increase the risk of metastasis when used in cancer surgery. This review examines the available data on the effects of morphine which influence cancer metastasis or recurrence, including immunomodulation, tumor cell aggressiveness, and angiogenesis, with special emphasis on recently published clinical and laboratory based studies. We further discuss the parameters that may explain the difference between reports on the effects of morphine on cancer.     

肾上腺素能β受体与肿瘤生长及转移

大量研究表明肿瘤细胞可表达β受体，而一些神经递质、药物和社会心理因素可能通过β受体影响肿瘤的生长和转移，β受体激动剂、β受体阻滞剂以及抑郁等社会心理因素可加强或削弱这种作用。这为表达β受体肿瘤的治疗开辟了新的道路，提供了新的治疗靶点。