软脉降脂胶囊对载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化影响的实验研究

目的观察软脉降脂胶囊对载脂蛋白E基因敲除载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(ApoE)高脂血症及动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)的影响.方法6周龄ApoE小鼠,随机分为高脂血症组与软脉降脂胶囊大、中、小剂量组,相同遗传背景的同龄正常C57BL/6J小鼠作为正常对照组.软脉降脂胶囊组灌服其生药,高脂血症组、正常对照组均灌服生理盐水.连续灌胃24周后,下腔静脉取血测血脂;取主动脉做形态学观察及图像分析.结果高脂血症组血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05),软脉降脂胶囊组明显低于高脂血症组(P＜0.05);图像分析测量结果显示高脂血症组AS病变显著,与正常对照组比较斑块总面积明显增加(P＜0.01);软脉降脂胶囊组AS病变较高脂血症纽明显减轻,斑块总面积明显减小(P＜0.01).结论软脉降脂胶囊可降低ApoE小鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C含量,有对抗动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的作用.     

替米沙坦对ApoE基因敲除小鼠主动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的影响

目的评估血管紧张素受体1型(AT1)拮抗剂替米沙坦对载脂蛋白E (ApoE)基因敲除小鼠主动脉粥样硬化斑块稳定性的影响。方法选取30只ApoE小鼠并随机分为3组,13周高脂饮食后,替米沙坦组[12.01 mg/(kg·d)]、阿托伐他汀组[3 mg/(kg·d)]以及对照组(蒸馏水)继续饲养13周后处死,取小鼠主动脉根部的3个横切面,分别行HE染色、Movat染色以及免疫组织化学染色法观察动脉粥样硬化斑块内部成分。结果干预13周后,替米沙坦组和阿托伐他汀组主动脉斑块/内膜面积比值分别为28%、22%,均明显低于对照组的36%,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。替米沙坦组和阿托伐他汀组易损指数分别为1.12和0.91,均明显低于对照组的2.67,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论替米沙坦能显著抑制动脉粥样硬化的发生,稳定动脉粥样硬化斑块,可能与改变斑块的成分有关。     

螺内酯对继发性高血压大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的 观察螺内酯对高血压大鼠肾动脉重构的影响.方法 在48只雄性Wistar大鼠中,随机选出36只,以腹主动脉缩窄法制备高血压模型,再随机分为3个亚组:高血压模型组(模型组,自来水灌胃 饮用1%盐水),高血压培哚普利组[培哚普利组,培哚普利2 mg/(kg·d)灌胃 饮用1%盐水],高血压螺内酯组[螺内酯组,螺内酯20 mg/(kg·d)灌胃 饮用1%盐水];其余12只进入假手术对照组(假手术组,只分离腹主动脉但不结扎,自来水灌胃 饮用自来水).8周后超声检测肾动脉及肾内动脉收缩期和舒张期阻力指数(RI)和血流速度并比较各组的差异;12周后颈动脉插管法测量血压及病理学方法测定肾内动脉的血管重构指标.结果 培哚普利和螺内酯均能降低高血压大鼠收缩压及舒张压(P＜0.01),均使高血压大鼠的肾动脉RI、肾内动脉RI、血管内膜中膜厚度与管腔内腔的比值(M/L)及肾动脉内中膜纤维化程度明显下降(P＜0.01～0.05),螺内酯上述作用比培哚普利更明显,螺内酯还能使高血压大鼠内中膜厚度显著降低(P＜0.01);虽然培哚普利和螺内酯均能使高血压大鼠肾动脉及肾内动脉舒张末期血流速度及肾内动脉面积增加(P＜0.01～0.05),螺内酯能更进一步降低肾动脉RI、M/L和内中膜纤维化比率(P＜0.01～0.05).结论 培哚普利和螺内酯均能降低高血压大鼠血压,改善动脉重塑,在改善动脉重塑方面螺内酯效果比培哚普利更明显.     

老龄ApoE基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化斑块的病理观察

目的：观察西方饮食喂养的老龄（≥48周）ApoE基因敲除小鼠血管动脉粥样硬化斑块的病理组织学状况。方法：选取6周龄雄性纯合子ApoE基因敲除小鼠30只，均予以西方饮食喂养，分别在喂养42周（48周龄）、54周（60周龄）、66周（72周龄）时，随机各取10只，取无名动脉做病理检测。酶法检测血脂情况，冰冻切片光镜下观察无名动脉粥样硬化斑块病理情况，图像分析管腔及斑块面积，免疫组化染色观察斑块中骨桥蛋白、α肌动蛋白的表达。von Kossa染色观察斑块钙化情况。结果：西方饮食喂养48周龄后，ApoE基因敲除小鼠主动脉弓内形成广泛而且典型的动脉粥样硬化成熟斑块，60周龄时，无名动脉内斑块面积、其与血管面积比率和自发破裂率最高，不稳定斑块比例最大（P〈0．05～〈0．01）。结论：长期西方饮食喂养ApoE基因敲除小鼠，是研究动脉粥样硬化成熟斑块很好的动物模型。     

培哚普利对自发性高血压大鼠内源性一氧化碳的影响

目的 探讨培哚普利对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)内源性一氧化碳(CO)产生的影响.方法 选取自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)及年龄、体质量相匹配的正常血压(WKY)大鼠各16只,随机各分为培哚普利组和对照组(各8只),胃内分别注入培哚普利2 mg/(kg*d)或等量生理盐水14 d,于试验开始前一天和结束当天分别采血,应用连二亚硫酸钠将血液中的多组分血红蛋白还原为血红蛋白(Hb)和碳氧血红蛋白(COHb),用双波长分光光度法测定全血420 nm和432 nm的吸光度,计算出COHb的百分含量,并用放射免疫技术检测血浆中血管紧张素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)的水平.结果 培哚普利治疗后,WKY大鼠血压、Ang Ⅱ及COHb百分含量无变化;但SHR血压及血浆Ang Ⅱ含量明显降低[SHR组收缩压:培哚普利组:(153.5±10.1)比对照组:(170.6±11.4)mm Hg,P＜0.01;SHR组Ang Ⅱ:培哚普利组:(427.7±31.7)比对照组:(529.7±40.5)pg/mL,P＜0.01],培哚普利还明显升高COHb百分含量[SHR组COHb:培哚普利组:(1.40±0.14)%比对照组:(1.28±0.10)%,P=0.01].SHR培哚普利组用药后较用药前血压和Ang Ⅱ明显降低(P＜0.05),而COHb百分含量明显升高[(1.40±0.14比1.29±0.16)%,P=0.001],实验结束时SHR培哚普利组和对照组COHb含量与Ang Ⅱ浓度均呈负相关(r分别为-0.54和-0.49,P＜0.05).结论 培哚普利可能通过抑制Ang Ⅱ的生成,使内源性CO的产生增加.     

莱菔子水溶性生物碱对ApoE基因敲除小鼠内皮细胞的抗氧化保护作用

目的 探讨莱菔子水溶性生物碱对ApoE基因敲除小鼠内皮细胞抗氧化保护作用.方法 将50只ApoE基因敲除小鼠随机分为5组:模型组、莱菔子水溶性生物碱高、中、低剂量组、血脂康组,每组10只;另取10只C57BL/6J作为空白组.8 w后,眼球取血处死,随机选取6个样本检测指标.结果 与模型组相比,莱菔子各剂量组均能明显提高ApoE基因敲除小鼠血清NO含量(P＜0.05);提高血清SOD的活性(P＜0.05);降低血清MDA(P＜0.01)含量.结论 莱菔子水溶性生物碱通过提高ApoE基因敲除小鼠血清NO含量、提高SOD活性、降低MDA含量,发挥抗氧化作用,从而保护内皮细胞.     

培哚普利和依那普利治疗心力衰竭首剂低血压反应差异的临床研究

目的检验关于“并非所有血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂在开始应用时均引起低血压反应”的假设。方法多中心的随机开放药物平行对照试验。281例经选择的充血性心力衰竭患者（NYHAⅡ～Ⅳ级）随机接受首剂培哚普利2mg（n=144）或依那普利2.5mg（n=137）。基线时,服药后10h内每0.5h测血压1次。血压由动态血压监测仪记录。结果平均动脉压的最大下降值分别为培哚普利组(1.37±1.09)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa),依那普利组（4.65±1.58）mmHg,两组相比差异有极显著性（P＜0.0001）。整个观察期间,舒张压下降＞10mmHg者分别为依那普利组10例（7.3%）,培哚普利组6例（4.2%）,两组间比较,差异无显著性。未见症状性低血压反应。结论培哚普利在首次用于充血性心力衰竭的治疗时安全、不易产生低血压反应。     

植物乳杆菌对IL-10基因敲除结肠炎小鼠黏附分子的影响

目的: 观察植物乳杆菌( Lactobacillus plantarum,LP)灌胃对IL-10基因敲除小鼠肠道炎症和淋巴细胞归巢的影响.方法: 取IL-10基因敲除(knockout,KO)小鼠和未作基因敲除的背景鼠分为4组: 对照组(野生组WT)、加植物乳杆菌组(WT+LP)、IL-10基因敲除模型组(KO)、模型加植物乳杆菌组(KO+LP).4 wk开始对照组和KO组每日予PBS灌胃,WT+LP和KO+LP组予溶于PBS的LP灌胃,持续4-8 wk结束.实验结束后取各组小鼠结肠行炎症评分和电镜亚显微结构观察,并用RT-PCR和Western blot检测归巢相关分子MAdCAM-1、ICAM-1、α4β7及CD3的表达.结果: 8 w k 后K O小鼠1 0 0%发生肠道炎症,且其CD3及黏附分子α4β7、ICAM-1和MAdCAM-1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平较WT组均明显增高(mRNA: t = 39.42,8.83,25.53,45.78,均P＜0.01;CD3、ICAM-1、MAdCAM-1蛋白: t = 19.04,29.57,12.29,均P＜0.01).予以益生菌LP灌胃后,KO+LP组小鼠CD3及黏附分子α4β7、ICAM-1和MAdCAM-1的mRNA和蛋白表达水平较KO组均明显降低(mRNA: t = 20.34;4.95;14.21;22.31,均P＜0.01;CD3、ICAM-1、MAdCAM-1蛋白: t = 6.82,14.10,7.03,均P＜0.01);WT+L P组小鼠CD3及黏附分子α4β7、ICAM-1和MAdCAM-1的mRNA较WT组均明显降低( t = 9.33,10.55,7.75,6.69,均P＜0.01),而WT+LP组小鼠CD3及黏附分子ICAM-1和MAdCAM-1的蛋白表达水平无明显降低.结论: 植物乳杆菌能下调黏附分子在IL-10基因敲除结肠炎小鼠中的高表达,这可能是其减轻炎症状态,缓解炎症性肠病的重要机制之一.     

培哚普利及美托洛尔对中心动脉压的作用

目的 比较培哚普利和美托洛尔对轻中度高血压病患者中心动脉压与肱动脉压的影响.方法 在冠状动脉造影结束后,分别同步测量145例高血压病或(和)冠心病患者升主动脉根部(直接测量法)和肱动脉(袖带加压法)的血压,其中单药降压治疗二周以上的轻中度高血压病患者分为培哚普利组(4 mg/d,62例)、美托洛尔组(25 mg/d,39例).结果 升主动脉收缩压高于袖带加压法测量的肱动脉收缩压9.6 mm Hg(P＜0.01),升主动脉舒张压低于袖带加压法肱动脉舒张压2.0 mm Hg(P＜0.01),升主动脉脉压较肱动脉脉压大11.6 mm Hg(P＜0.01).虽然培哚普利组和美托洛尔组袖带加压法测得的肱动脉压相同,但是培哚普利组的升主动脉收缩压低于美托洛尔组(P＜0.05).结论 升主动脉压与袖带加压法测得的肱动脉压差异有非常显著意义.虽然培哚普利和美托洛尔降低肱动脉压效果相似,但培哚普利降低升主动脉收缩压较美托洛尔更显著.     

温肾化痰方对ApoE基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的影响

目的观察温肾化痰方对ApoE基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平的影响。方法建立ApoE基因敲除小鼠动脉粥样硬化模型,并设立空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组、低剂量中药组、中剂量中药组和高剂量中药组。第8周及第12周经静脉采血检测小鼠总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,同时测定小鼠体重。结果第8周,与空白对照组比较,高脂饲料喂养的模型组、阳性对照组及各剂量中药组总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇均明显上升(P0.01),且体重明显上升(P0.01)。第12周,与模型组比较,阳性对照组和各剂量中药组总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显下降(P0.01),且中药剂量越高,血脂下降越明显,同时体重上升幅度减缓,且中药剂量越高,体重控制幅度越大。结论温肾化痰方能控制动脉粥样硬化模型小鼠体重,降低总胆固醇、三酰甘油及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平,干预动脉粥样硬化易损斑块的形成及进展,从而起到保护心血管作用。     

敲除miR-223促进血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化的发生

目的研究miR-223对血管炎症和动脉粥样硬化的影响,为临床动脉硬化性疾病提供新的诊疗方向。方法miR-223敲除鼠与ApoE敲除鼠(ApoE KO)繁殖制备miR-223/ApoE双敲鼠(miR-223/ApoE DKO);检测小鼠血浆脂质水平;处死取材后检测主动脉根部及血管全长的斑块含量;通过免疫组化检测斑块的炎症细胞浸润;转录组学测序分析血管中炎症相关基因的表达;结合microRNA靶基因数据库寻找并验证其可能的靶基因。结果miR-223/ApoE双敲鼠主动脉根部及血管全长斑块量显著增加(P<0.05)。免疫组化染色显示,主动脉根部炎症细胞浸润增加;血管转录组学测序发现炎症相关基因血管细胞黏附分子1(VCAM-1)、白细胞介素1α(IL-1α)等在双敲鼠中显著上调。通过靶基因数据库筛选,发现白细胞介素6(IL-6)是miR-223的靶基因并且在双敲鼠的血管中表达显著上调;使用miR-223模拟物刺激成纤维细胞,显著抑制了IL-6的表达。结论miR-223抑制靶基因IL-6的表达降低炎症反应,敲除miR-223显著升高血管炎症水平促进动脉粥样硬化的进展。     

芝麻素对动脉粥样硬化斑块及主动脉壁VCAM-1表达的影响

目的观察比较芝麻素和阿托伐他汀对兔实验性动脉粥样硬化（AS）斑块形成及主动脉壁细胞黏附分子1（VCAM-1）表达的影响,探讨芝麻素在预防和治疗AS中的作用。方法将日本大耳白兔18只随机分为芝麻素组、阿托伐他汀组和阳性对照组,基础饲料喂养。给药8周后测定各组0、5和8周末LDL-C水平;实验结束时取主动脉,常规HE染色及免疫组织化学染色,观察主动脉形态学变化和血管壁斑块组织的变化,定量分析血管VCAM-1表达强度变化。结果与阳性对照组相比,芝麻素组和阿托伐他汀组LDL-C水平显著降低（P〈0.01）,主动脉病理改变和血管壁斑块组织免疫着色明显减轻（P〈0.01）,主动脉壁VCAM-1表达水平分别下调27.59%和45.97%。与阿托伐他汀比较,芝麻素明显减轻主动脉中膜的厚度（P〈0.01）。结论芝麻素具有降低血脂、防治AS的作用。     

Effect of low-dose perindopril/indapamide on albuminuria in diabetes: preterax in albuminuria regression: PREMIER

Microalbuminuria in diabetes is a risk factor for early death and an indicator for aggressive blood pressure (BP) lowering. We compared a combination of 2 mg perindopril/0.625 mg indapamide with enalapril monotherapy on albumin excretion rate (AER) in patients with type 2 diabetes, albuminuria, and hypertension in a 12-month, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group international multicenter study. Four hundred eighty-one patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension (systolic BP > or =140 mm Hg, <180 mm Hg, diastolic BP <110 mm Hg) were randomly assigned (age 59+/-9 years, 77% previously treated for hypertension). Results from 457 patients (intention-to-treat analysis) were available. After a 4-week placebo period, patients with albuminuria >20 and <500 microg/min were randomly assigned to a combination of 2 mg perindopril/0.625 mg indapamide or to 10 mg daily enalapril. After week 12, doses were adjusted on the basis of BP to a maximum of 8 mg perindopril/2.5 mg indapamide or 40 mg enalapril. The main outcome measures were overnight AER and supine BP. Both treatments reduced BP. Perindopril/indapamide treatment resulted in a statistically significant higher fall in both BP (-3.0 [95% CI -5.6, -0.4], P=0.012; systolic BP -1.5 [95% CI -3.0, -0.1] diastolic BP P=0.019) and AER -42% (95% CI -50%, -33%) versus -27% (95% CI -37%, -16%) with enalapril. The greater AER reduction remained significant after adjustment for mean BP. Adverse events were similar in the 2 groups. Thus, first-line treatment with low-dose combination perindopril/indapamide induces a greater decrease in albuminuria than enalapril, partially independent of BP reduction. A BP-independent effect of the combination may increase renal protection.     

Arterial injury increases expression of inflammatory adhesion molecules in the carotid arteries of apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice

Recent studies demonstrate increased cellular adhesion molecule expression by neointimal endothelium overlying primary and restenotic atherosclerotic plaque. In this study, we developed an atherosclerotic mouse model of arterial injury and characterized adhesion molecule expression after injury. Sixteen apolipoprotein-E-(ApoE)-deficient mice fed a Western-type diet for 4 weeks underwent carotid artery wire denudation at week 2. For each segment, the extent of neointima formation and medial thickening, or adhesion molecule expression, were scored separately on a scale from 0 (no plaque/thickening or expression) to 3 (extensive plaque/thickening or expression) using Movat staining (n = 3) or immunohistochemical analysis (n = 13). Histology revealed significant medial thickening (1.8 +/- 0.9 vs. 0.3 +/- 0.5, p < 0. 001) versus controls and pronounced staining for monocytes/macrophages in the wall of injured vessels. Immunohistochemical analysis showed more robust expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) on the luminal surface of injured arteries versus controls (2.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 1.4 +/- 0.7, p < 0.01, and 2.5 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.6, p < 0.001, respectively). Injury increased adventitial ICAM-1 expression (2.6 +/- 0.5 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.5, p < 0.002) and medial VCAM-1 expression (2.2 +/- 0.6 vs. 1.2 +/- 0. 7, p < 0.004). Thus, carotid injury results in significant medial thickening and increases adhesion molecule expression beyond that induced in ApoE-deficient mice fed a Western diet alone. The observation of macrophage infiltration into the media at sites of increased ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression suggests that these molecules may mediate monocyte/macrophage trafficking into the wall of injured arteries.     

老龄载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠血脂及病理组织学观察

目的:观察用普食喂养而非以往研究中的高脂饮食喂养的载脂蛋白E基因敲除小鼠(Apo E-/-)的血脂及病理组织学变化特点。方法:各选取20只8周龄雄性小鼠和同龄同性C57BL/6J小鼠为对照,普食喂养6~8个月,测定血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的含量。常规制备主动脉的病理切片,进行HE染色,观察病理学变化。结果:Apo E-/-小鼠血清中TC、TG、LDL含量明显高于对照组(P0.05),且Apo E-/-小鼠主动脉根部病理切片明显脂质斑块形成。结论:普食喂养8月龄Apo E-/-小鼠是研究动脉粥样硬化(AS)的理想动物模型,为AS性心血管疾病研究者提供了参考资料。     

Baseline ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are increased in initially healthy middle-aged men who develop cardiovascular disease during 6.6 years of follow-up

The objective of the present study was to investigate if there was a difference in baseline serum concentrations of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) between groups with and without cardiovascular events during a mean follow-up of 6.6 years in a group of initially healthy 58-year-old men. A further aim was to examine if high serum concentrations of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were associated with carotid and femoral artery plaque occurrence, separately. Men with cardiovascular events during follow-up had higher median serum ICAM-I and VCAM-I than those without events (P < .05). The median of serum ICAM-I and VCAM-1 in the event group was used as the cutoff level, and in those with ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 above the cutoff value, there was an increased risk of having a plaque in the femoral artery (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.8-4.3; and OR = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.5, respectively).     

Local adiponectin treatment reduces atherosclerotic plaque size in rabbits

In this study, we investigated the in vivo role of adiponectin, an adipocytokine, on the development of atherosclerosis in rabbits mainly using adenovirus expressing adiponectin gene (Ad-APN) and intravascular ultrasonography. Serum adiponectin concentrations in rabbits after Ad-APN local transfer to abdominal aortas increased about nine times as much as those before transfer (P < 0.01), about ten times as much as the levels of endogenous adiponectin in adenovirus expressing beta-galactosidase gene (Ad-beta gal) treated rabbits (P < 0.01), and about four times as much as those in the aorta of non-injured rabbits on a normal cholesterol diet (P < 0.01). Ultrasonography revealed a significantly reduced atherosclerotic plaque area in abdominal aortas of rabbits infected through intima with Ad-APN, by 35.2% compared with the area before treatment (P < 0.01), and by 35.8% compared with that in Ad-beta gal-treated rabbits (P < 0.01). In rabbits infected through adventitia, Ad-APN treatment reduced plaque area by 28.9% as compared with the area before treatment (P < 0.01) and 25.6% compared with that in Ad-beta gal-treated rabbits (P < 0.01). Adiponectin significantly suppressed the mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) by 18.5% through intima transfer (P < 0.05) and 26.9% through adventitia transfer (P < 0.01), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) by 40.7% through intima transfer (P < 0.01), and 30.7% through adventitia transfer (P < 0.01). However, adiponectin had no effect on the expression of types I and III collagen. These results suggest that local adiponectin treatment suppresses the development of atherosclerosis in vivo in part by attenuating the expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 in vascular walls.     

Effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy on levels of inflammatory markers in response to exercise-induced stress: studies in the metabolic syndrome

The authors sought to determine whether the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor perindopril has beneficial effects on vascular markers of inflammation in patients with the metabolic syndrome when exposed to exercise-induced stress. Thirty patients with the metabolic syndrome were randomized to perindopril (4 mg/d) or placebo in a double-blind fashion for 4 weeks. Prior to treatment, the patients underwent an exercise treadmill study to a level of 8 metabolic equivalents. Circulating monocyte CD11b expression, levels of soluble interleukin 6 (sIL-6), and levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were measured. After the treatment period, exercise treadmill study and measurement of markers were repeated. Treatment with perindopril reduced sIL-6 levels at pre-exercise by 22% and at 1 and 30 minutes by 30% and 33%, respectively (P<.005). Levels of soluble VCAM-1 in perindopril-treated patients were reduced at pre-exercise by 25% and at 1 and 30 minutes by 31% and 37%, respectively. Treatment with perindopril reduced monocyte CD11b expression by 25%. In response to exercise-induced physical stress, the addition of an ACE inhibitor differentially regulates markers of inflammation, thereby providing potential vascular protection in the metabolic syndrome.     

炎症干扰胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白2致ApoE/SRA/CD36三基因敲除小鼠肝脏脂质的异常积聚

目的 研究炎症是否通过干扰核转录因子胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白2(SREBP-2)而致ApoE/SRA/CD36三基因敲除小鼠肝脏胆固醇的异常积聚.方法 将8周龄ApoE/SRA/CD36三基因敲除雄性小鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)和炎症组(n=8),2组均喂以西方饮食(Western diet),炎症组小鼠皮下注射10%酪蛋白建立慢性炎症模型,对照组注射相应量磷酸盐缓冲液,14周后处死,测定血清中炎症介质和脂质的水平及肝组织中胆固醇含量,油红O、免疫组织化学染色后观察肝脂质沉积程度以及组织形态变化,实时定量PCR法检测肝脏SREBP裂解激活蛋白(SCAP)、SREBP-2及其下游基因低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLr)mRNA水平.对计量资料采用两样本均数比较的t检验进行统计学分析.结果 炎症状态下,血清中总胆固醇[(7.72±1.70)mmol/L]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(2.94±0.44)mmol/L]、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[(2.24±0.63)mmol/L]水平均显著降低,与对照组[分别为(13.23±3.61)mmol/L、(9.28±3.66)mmol/L、(4.13±0.42)mmol/L]比较,t值分别为3.383、4.245、5.937,P值均＜0.05;肝组织中胆固醇含量显著增加;油红O染色表明,胆固醇在肝脏中的沉积异常增多(t=2.707,P＜0.05);实时定量PCR和免疫组织化学检测结果表明胆固醇代谢相关基因SREBP2、LDLr和SCAP的mRNA和蛋白质表达水平显著增加. 结论炎症可以通过干扰SREBP-2导致低密度脂蛋白胆固醇摄取异常,造成肝脏脂质沉积增多和损害.