胃结核的诊断与治疗(附文献复习)

目的总结分析胃结核的发病情况、临床表现、诊断及治疗,提高对胃结核的认识及诊断率。方法对10年来国内文献以个案报道的48例及本组1例进行回顾性分析。结果青中年好发,男性多见,病变好发胃窦部（占71.4%）,易引起幽门梗阻,内镜下主要表现为溃疡型（占51.0%）、肿块型（占38.8%）,与消化性溃疡、胃癌难以区别,误诊率高,49例入院时均误诊为其他消化系统疾患;其中31例行胃镜活检,12例结果阳性,即经胃镜病理活检确诊胃结核38.7%,其余均手术后病理确诊。结论胃结核为少见病,缺乏临床特征,易误诊,胃镜病理活检要求多部位深挖活检,以提高阳性率。     

以类颞动脉炎为首发表现的鼻咽癌1例(附文献复习)

<正>本文报道1例以一侧颞部疼痛为首发症状的老年患者,临床症状符合颞动脉炎的表现[1],但患者对糖皮质激素治疗无反应,经颅脑MRI发现左侧鼻咽区肿瘤占位,并已侵犯左颈内动脉沟,诊断为鼻咽癌,经放疗后患者头痛症状消失且扩张的颞浅动脉恢复正常。以类颞动脉炎的症状为首发表现的鼻咽癌报     

Churg-Strauss综合征肺损害1例并文献复习

目的 加深对Churg-Strauss综合征又名变应性肉芽肿血管炎(CSS)的认识.方法 通过对1例CSS病例的诊断、治疗及相关文献进行研究学习,分析Churg-Strauss综合征的病因、临床症状、实验室检查、影像学表现、诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗.结果 CSS病因不清,临床表现无特异性,可累及多系统器官,最常见的临床表现是哮喘及血管炎引起的肺部表现,特征性的病理表现为外周血嗜酸粒细胞增多,目前治疗首选激素,预后较好.结论 Churg-Strauss综合征是一种少见的系统性血管炎,临床缺乏特异性表现,易被误诊,当患者表现为哮喘、外周血嗜酸性粒细胞增多及肉芽肿性血管炎时,应高度怀疑此病.     

Churg-Strauss综合征一例

Churg-Strauss综合征（Churg-Strauss，CSS）是累及多系统、多器官的结缔组织疾病，是嗜酸性粒细胞增多症的一个类型。我们遇到1例临床表现典型，且行神经、肌肉及皮肤活检，报告如下。     

Churg-Strauss综合征1例

患者男,76岁.因"四肢乏力半年,加重伴胸闷半个月"入院.既往有哮喘及过敏性鼻炎病史20 a;高血压病史5 a,血压最高150/90 mmHg,现口服苯那普利治疗,血压控制可.上颌窦炎病史2 a;1 a前行肌电图诊断腕管综合征,曾有脑梗死病史1 a.     

Churg-Strauss综合征一例

患者男性 ,49岁。因“间断咳嗽、咳痰、喘憋 2年 ,加重 4日”于 1998年 1月 2 1日入院。查体 :两肺布满哮鸣音 ,散在少量湿音。心界不大 ,心率 135次 /分 ,双下肢不肿。辅助检查 :血红蛋白 12 0ｇ/Ｌ ,白细胞 8 6× 10 9/Ｌ ,中性粒细胞0 88,淋巴细胞 0 10 ,单核细胞 0 0 1,嗜酸细胞 0 0 1,尿常规、肝肾功能均正常。胸部Ｘ线示 :两肺纹理稀疏 ,两肺透亮度增加 ,余正常。拟诊“支气管哮喘” ,给予氢化考的松30 0ｍｇ/ｄ及氨茶碱 0 5ｍｇ·ｋｇ 1·ｈ 1持续静脉滴注 ,口服硫酸特布他林 2 5ｍｇ ,每日 3次治疗 ,喘憋症状持续 10ｄ后方…     

Churg-Strauss综合征

Churg-Strauss综合征(Churg-Strauss syndrome,CSS)是一种血管炎性疾病,表现为全身小至中等血管坏死性血管炎、血管内外肉芽肿形成、外周血嗜酸粒细胞增多以及组织及血管周围嗜酸粒细胞浸润。该病又称为变应性肉芽肿血管炎,但国内外文献多以CSS描述本病。CSS发病率为0.5/10万~6     

Churg-Strauss综合征

作者综述一种与结节性多动脉炎不同的疾病,其主要表现为哮喘、发热、嗜酸细胞增多及多系统血管炎,命名为 Churg-Strauss 综合征。本病病因尚表明瞭,病理学改变的主要特征是嗜酸细胞组织浸润、血管肉芽肿形成及坏死性血管炎。本文对其临床分期及表现、诊断、治疗等进行了较为详细的描述。     

Churg-Strauss综合征

Churg—Strauss综合征(CSS)是一种以哮喘和过敏性鼻炎、嗜酸性细胞增多和全身性血管炎为特征的疾病。本病最早由病理学家Churg和Strauss于1951年经尸检发现而首先报道,以后文献上虽然有许多类似的病例报道,但直至1977年才见有较大组的报道,并冠以CSS。为了引起重视,本文对CSS的有关问题作一综述。     

以免疫性血小板减少性紫癜为突出表现的淋巴结结核1例(附文献复习)

目的探讨结核病导致的免疫性血小板减少性紫癜(ITP)的临床特点。方法回顾性分析1例以广泛出血点和散发紫癜为表现的淋巴结结核患者临床资料并复习相关文献。结果患者的临床特征为男性,48岁,表现为皮肤广泛出血点和散发紫癜以及盗汗、体重下降,血常规显示血小板计数6×10⁹/L,锁骨上淋巴结活检病理为淋巴结结核,临床诊断为淋巴结结核合并ITP。结论ITP可以作为结核病导致血液学异常的表现之一,在诊断ITP的时候应该考虑到结核病。糖皮质激素加抗结核治疗可使血小板短期内回复正常。     

变应性肉芽肿性血管炎累及大中动脉六例报道并文献复习

目的 总结变应性肉芽肿性血管炎(CSS)合并大、中动脉病变的临床表现及治疗,以提高对CSS合并大、中动脉病变的认识.方法 回顾性分析诊断明确且合并大、中动脉病变的6例CSS患者.并进行文献复习.结果 CSS累及大、中动脉病变的类型有闭塞、狭窄、栓塞、夹层、假性动脉瘤、动脉炎及动脉周围炎等.累及的动脉可包括冠状动脉、视网膜中央动脉、肠系膜动脉、椎动脉、基底动脉、颈动脉、主动脉及四肢动脉等.CSS累及大、中动脉病变似乎与年龄、病程及抗中性粒细胞胞质抗体无关.早期积极应用激素加免疫抑制剂,绝大部分患者预后好,部分患者需要手术及抗凝治疗.CSS累及冠状动脉时病情凶险,死亡率高.结论 CSS可以累及大、中动脉,且累及的动脉十分广泛,动脉病变类型多样,临床上应予以重视.     

Churg-Strauss syndrome complicated by chronic periaortitis: a case report and review of the literature

We present a case of Churg-Strauss syndrome complicated by chronic periaortitis. A 68-year-old man presented with wheezing, dyspnea, purpurae, and numbness of the extremities. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies were absent; however, eosinophilia, a pulmonary infiltrative shadow on chest X-ray, eosinophilic vasculitis on histologic examination of skin and kidney, and mononeuritis multiplex were detected. Churg-Strauss syndrome was diagnosed. Contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography revealed a periaortic soft tissue mass extending from the subphrenic abdominal aorta to the proximal area of the bilateral iliac arteries. This indicated chronic periaortitis, probably caused by vasculitic activities. Both disorders improved with steroid therapy.     

Kartagener综合征3例分析并文献复习

目的 供临床医师提高对Kartagener综合征早期诊断和治疗.方法 通过3例病史、临床表现、影像学、彩超、心电图等检查明确诊断进行分析和文献复习.结果 Kartagener综合征是一种少见的常染色体隐性遗传性疾病.症状为:副鼻窦炎一支气管扩张一内脏转位三联征,其临床表现为反复咳嗽、咯脓痰、咯血等肺部表现,同时伴副鼻窦炎.结论 在内脏转位的患者中若出现支气管扩张症状及影像学表现,应想到Kartagener综合征的可能.     

Gitelman syndrome: report of three cases and literature review

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a rare autosomal recessive, inherited renal tubular disorder. Herein, we report three cases of GS, one sporadic case and two siblings. They have typical laboratory findings, including hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria. All of them were treated with oral potassium and magnesium supplements. They received regular pediatric clinic follow-up to check electrolytes and monitor development. These three cases reminded us that doctors should be alert to unexplained hypokalemia, which is usually the initial presentation of GS.     

TAFRO syndrome: 2 cases and review of the literature

Recently, more than ten cases of thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome or Castleman–Kojima disease exhibiting such symptoms as thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis and organomegaly have been reported in Japan. We have found two cases of TAFRO syndrome and have reviewed another eighteen previously reported cases. Histological findings of the lymph nodes and levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor in both serum/plasma and effusions are important characteristics for diagnosing this syndrome.     

Avellis综合征二例并文献复习

Avellis综合征是一种临床少见的延髓综合征,其主要症状为同侧软腭、咽喉肌麻痹及对侧偏身浅感觉障碍.Avellis综合征常见于延髓梗死患者,病变部位在疑核及脊髓丘脑侧束,椎动脉颅内段狭窄或闭塞是最常见的病因.作者报道2例延髓梗死所致Avellis综合征患者,并对国内文献报道的12例Avellis综合征的临床资料进行回...     

Churg-Strauss syndrome revealed by granulomatous acute pericarditis: two case reports and a review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a necrotizing systemic vasculitis with extravascular granulomas and eosinophilic infiltrates of small vessels. CSS is usually revealed by nonspecific signs of necrotizing vasculitis in a context of late-onset asthma and blood eosinophilia. It is considered a systemic vasculitis with the highest prevalence of cardiac involvement and can lead to rapid-onset heart failure due to specific cardiomyopathy. Pericardial effusion may also occur during CSS and is usually well tolerated. OBJECTIVE: The objective of these case reports was to indicate that CSS may present as tamponade, with or without other visceral involvement. METHODS: Among CSS patients treated during the past 10 years at 2 French university hospitals, we have identified and described 2 cases revealed by tamponade with pericardial biopsy-proven granulomatous vasculitis. We have also reviewed the international medical literature in PubMed on cardiac involvement in CSS. RESULTS: The first case report describes a 66-year-old man who had an isolated cardiac tamponade with both inflammatory syndrome and eosinophilia. Long-term remission was obtained with corticosteroids. The second case report describes a 46-year-old woman whose CSS presented with tamponade and associated central nervous system and myocardial involvement. Remission was obtained with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. In both cases, CSS was assessed by histological analysis of a pericardial sample. CONCLUSIONS: CSS may present as isolated cardiac tamponade. Whereas pericarditis with myocardial injury warrants immunosuppressive therapy, isolated pericarditis without other visceral involvement of poor prognosis only requires corticosteroid therapy.     

Wellens综合征1例报告

Wellens综合征是以心电图T波改变为特征,伴严重的左前降支冠脉近端狭窄的临床综合征,又称左前降支T波综合征。该病的患者如不及早识别、积极冠状动脉介入手术或冠脉旁路移植手术干预,随时可能发生急性广泛前壁心肌梗死,甚至心脏骤     

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: Report of six cases and review of literature

Cronkhite-Canada syndrome (CCS) is a rare nonfamilial polyposis syndrome characterized by epithelial disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract and skin. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features and potential therapies for CCS. Six patients with CCS admitted from December 1992 to July 2008 to Peking Union Medical College Hospital were evaluated. All patients had clinical manifestation of nonhereditary gastrointestinal polyposis with diarrhea, skin hyperpigmentation, alopecia, and nail dystrophy. Fecal occult blood was positive in all six cases. Serum hemoglobin, potassium, calcium and protein were below the normal range in two cases. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae and antinuclear antibodies were present in three cases. Multiple polyps were found in all patients by gastroscopy and colonoscopy, with only one in the esophagus. Histologically, there were hyperplastic polyps in five cases, tubular adenoma in three, and juvenile polyp in one with chronic inflammation and mucosal edema. Comprehensive treatment led by corticosteroids can result in partial remission of clinical symptoms, and long-term follow-up is necessary.