实验性脾虚证大鼠肝细胞组织化学变化的研究

用成年雄性大鼠Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠４２只,分为正常对照组（对照组）实验性脾虚组（脾虚组）自然恢复组和中药治疗组（治疗组）四组动物同时麻醉处死,取肝右叶小块组织,制石蜡和恒冷箱切片,进行核糖核酸,糖原,琥珀酸脱氢酶乳酸脱氢酶,葡萄糖６－磷酸酶,酸性磷酸酶和非特异性酶组织化学反应,光镜观察,并对琥珀酸脱氢酶和葡萄糖－６－磷酸酶作了显微分光光度计定量测定。结果证明,脾虚组琥珀酸脱氢酸氢酶,和葡萄糖－６－磷酸     

脾虚胃溃疡大鼠分裂原激活的蛋白激酶信号传递分子的研究

目的探讨脾虚证时分裂原激活的蛋白激酶（MAPK）信号传导通路中信号分子表皮生长因子（EGF）、胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）的变化及加味四君子汤治疗脾虚证的机理.方法HE染色、免疫组织化学反应、免疫印迹法.结果脾虚胃溃疡大鼠下颌下腺颗粒曲管细胞内EGF阳性反应产物的含量增加,胃黏膜磷酸化的ERK减少,胃溃疡愈合延迟;经过加味四君子汤治疗后,上述异常变化得到纠正. 结论EGF信号传递分子表达的变化可能是脾虚胃溃疡的发病机理之一,加味四君子汤能通过纠正这些变化而发挥治疗作用.     

脾气虚胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜生长抑素相关信号转导分子的变化

目的 探讨生长抑素及其信号传递分子与脾气虚胃溃疡的发生及转归的关系. 方法 选用成年Wistar大鼠,雌、雄性各35只,建立脾气虚胃溃疡大鼠模型;运用HE染色、免疫组织化学分析、RT-PCR及免疫印迹法,分别观察胃黏膜的组织结构、生长抑素含量、2型生长抑素受体mRNA、细胞外信号传递激酶2(ERK2)表达的变化. 结果 脾气虚胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜中,2型生长抑素的蛋白含量增加,生长抑素受体mRNA表达上调,(ERK2)表达下降. 结论 生长抑素信号传递途径中相关信号分子的变化可能足引起脾气虚胃溃疡发生的原因之一.     

用宿主防御指数辅助诊断中医虚证和不同辩证虚证的探讨

以中医学“虚证”及不同辩证虚证为研究对象，以宿主防御指数为研究总指标，开展了营养学和免疫学的多指标观察，并借助于医学统计学的理论和方法，尝试对中医学“虚证”的诊断。结果显示；虚证患者与正常人相比营养条件差，免疫功能氏下，主要表现为细胞免疫功能低下和免疫调节紊乱，补体主要成分降低，将这些评价指标代入计算机进行逐步判断分析，得出可以判别正常人，气阳虚患者，血阴虚患者的方程式，方程式判别能力Ｆ＝３（Ｐ〈     

CEREBRO-HEPATO-RENAL SYNDROME OF ZELLWEGER

An autopsy case of cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome of Zellweger, which occurred in a 14-year-old Japanese girl, is reported. The autopsy revealed widely distributed cystic changes in addition to renal blastema of both kidneys, and the liver was cirrhotic. The case was complicated by anomalies such as high forehead, strabismus, and partial defect of chorioidea. So far there have been only 10 reported cases of cerebro-hepato-renal syndrome of Zellweger in Japan.     

昆明小鼠血清RaRF的补体激活活性

用沙门氏菌Ｒａ菌株脂多糖致敏的羊红细胞作为溶血系统，检测了中国昆明种小鼠血清ＲａＲＦ的补体激活活性，证明它具有ＩＣＲ小鼠血清ＲａＲＦ同样的激活补体经典途径的能力。一个与补体激活能力相关的彘氨酸酯酶成分也被发现存在于这个复合物中。     

NEONATAL TYPE OF ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE DEFICIENCY

Two autopsy cases of neonatal argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS) deficiency demonstrating the particular histological changes of the liver are presented.
Case 1 was a female infant with elevated blood ammonia and citrulline. The patient died of sepsis at nineteen days after birth. Autopsy revealed hematomas in bilateral cerebral hemispheres and a yellow liver parenchyma. Histologically, the cerebrum showed diffuse astrogliosis with Alzheimer type II cell and swollen cytoplasm. Status spongiosus and gliosis were observed in the subthalamic and pontine nuclei. The liver demonstrated fatty degeneration and wide portal space with bile duct proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. The ASS activities in the liver and the kidneys were not detected.
Case 2 was a female infant who died of respiratory distress twenty-four days after birth. Autopsy revealed hematomas in the bilateral cerebral ventricles and a liver with yellow parenchyma. Histologically, there was destruction of arrangement in the cerebrum and cerebellum together with marked decrease of nerve cells with gliosis and phagocytosis. The liver showed mild fatty degeneration and wide portal space accompanied by bile duct proliferation and inflammatory cell infiltration. The ASS activities in the liver and kidneys were not detected. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 35 : 995–1006, 1985.     

眼肌结合抗体的ELISA检测及应用

自猪和牛眼肌提取眼肌抗原，建立了检测人血清中眼肌结合抗体（ＥＭ－Ａｂ）的ＥＬＩＳＡ法。检测４０例甲亢患者阳性率为３０．０％，２３例ＳＬＥ患者阳性率为２６．９％，与正常对照组比较有显著差别（Ｐ〈０．０１）。ＥＭ－Ａｂ与甲状腺疾病的一些自身抗体无显著相关性，提示此是与眼病自身免疫反应有关的一种自身抗体。     

乙型肝炎病毒白蛋白受体结合活性的研究

抗前S_2单克隆抗体Q19/10可以抑制HBV白蛋白受体和PHSA之间的反应,PHSA同样可以抑制抗前S_2单抗Q19/10和前S_2抗原之间的反应,提示HBV白蛋白受体和前S_2抗原决定簇可能为同一段前S_2蛋白成份。不同类型的植物凝集素可以影响HBV白蛋白受体和PHSA结合活力,ConA具有抑制作用,而PWM和PHA却呈增强作用,表明糖基在HBV白蛋白受体的结合力上具有调节作用。     

GENOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE F SUBTYPES OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT FACTOR B

Factor B of human complement is encoded within the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) and is polymorphic, with up to 30 alleles defined by electrophoretic mobility. One of the most common alleles, BF*F, is subdivided into the FA and FB subtypes, which differ at the gene level by non-synonymous base substitutions in the seventh codon. We have found at this position a new restriction site polymorphism, as a Bsl I site absent from the FB allele. Using this restriction polymorphism, we have developed a method for BF F subtype determination, based on amplification by polymerase chain reaction of the 5’ end of the BF gene, and digestion with Bsl I. This new method has been applied to a panel of 29 selected BF F individuals. A single strand DNA conformation analysis of the same region of the gene allowed us to confirm the above DNA-based BF F subtyping. During this study, two BF*F1 alleles showed discrepancies between protein and DNA typing, which were confirmed by our sequencing data. These were identical, in the 5’ region, to BF*S and BF*FB genes, respectively. In a comparison with two protein subtyping methods, identical results were found for only one third of the selected samples. The conflicting results may arise, in part, from previously undescribed molecular heterogeneity within BF F subtypes, or from the presence of a null allele. Our new method allows RF*F subtyping to be used with confidence in the definition of disease-associated MHC haplotypes.     

POLYMORPHISM OF THE COMPLEMENT COMPONENT C6 IN JAPANESE

Genetic polymorphism of human C6 was investigated in Japanese using isoelectric focusing and a specific haemolytic overlay method. Three common and six rare allotypes were identified. Five of these nine allotypes were reference-typed by the International Reference Laboratory. Five of the six rare allotypes were considered to be new. The allele frequencies were estimated in the population study as follows: C6 A 0.427, C6 B 0.483 C6 B2 0.076, and the rere alleles (A3, A21, M1, M2, B3, and B4) 0.041.Inheritance of the three common and the two rare (A3 and M1) allotypes was demonstrated in the family study. The patterns obtained by the pretreatment with neuraminidase are presented.     

A CASE OF ALPORT'S SYNDROME

A 19-year-old female belonging to a family of Alport's syndrome was autopsied and her kidneys were examined in detail light and electron microscopically. The basement membrane was examined chiefly and the laminated thickening and/or splitting, looseness, irregularity and rail-like appearance of lamina densa were found in the glomerular, Bowman's capsular, tubular and interstitial capillary basement membranes. These findings were strongly suggestive of Alport's syndrome, whether or not the particles are seen in the basement membrane. In addition, Japanese reports on Alport's syndrome (total 48 families) were summarized and renal lesions were examined in comparison. It has been said that the prognosis is worse in the male than in the female, but according to our Investigation on case reports in Japan, the prognosis showed no difference between male and female.     

ANTIGEN BINDING TO LYMPHOID CELLS OF UNIMMUNIZED MICE

In order to determine the cell type responsible for the antigen-binding reaction in the bone marrow and spleen of mice, cells derived from pure in vitro derived colonies of neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophage-megakaryocytes and B lymphocytes were tested for their ability to bind fluorescent protein antigens. Only B lymphocytes bound antigen. An unexpectedly high percentage of bone marrow B lymphocytes (20%) bound a given antigen. This frequency was considerably higher than that found for spleen cells. As might be expected from such high binding frequencies, some cells bound two fluorchromated antigens when these are added together. As a direct test of the clonality of antigen binding to bone marrow B lymphocytes, whole colonies of B cells were tested for antigen binding of two non-cross-reacting protein antigens. The frequency of antigen-binding clones, including double antigen-binding clones, reflects exactly the frequencies observed for dispersed colony B cells and for in vivo derived Ig-bearing bone marrow B cells. The frequency of double antigen-binding colonies was equal to the product of the frequencies of the colonies binding each of the two antigens alone. No ‘mixed’ colonies containing single binding cells for each antigen were found. Thus, the ability to bind any two given antigens is a clonally distributed property of the bone marrow B lymphocyte population. Heterogenous receptors for multiple antigen binding on each cell are either randomly distributed among the B cell population, or homogenous antigen-binding receptors on each cell have a random chance of cross-reaction with the two antigens tested.     

三例Prader－Willi综合征的微细胞遗传学研究

应用高分辨染色体显带技术，对门诊筛选的３例Ｐｒａｄｅｒ－Ｗｉｌｌｉ综合征进行了微细胞遗传学研究，发现其中２例１５号染色体长臂发生了微小的中间缺失，另１例核型正常。从而进一步证明高分辨染色体显带技术在临床诊断及优生工作中的重要性。     

EFFECTS OF PESTICIDE EXPOSURE ON SERUM IMMUNOGLOBULIN AND COMPLEMENT LEVELS

Serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM), C3 and C4 complement protein levels were examined in the male workers of the municipality who routinely applied pesticides for at least one year, and compared to healthy male controls in order to determine whether immune alterations were evident in the pesticide-exposed workers. Pyrethroids were the most commonly used pesticides for the last 3 years. Serum immunoglobulins and complement levels were measured by turbidimetry. Serum IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 complement levels were found to be unchanged when compared to controls whereas a significant decrease was observed in serum C4 complement levels of the workers.     

TWO AUTOPSY CASES OF REYE'S SYNDROME

Autopsies were carried out on a ten-month old male and another 7-year-old boy who died within a few days after showing slight upper respiratory infection as a prodromal symptom, followed by vomiting, disturbances of consciousness and high fever. Both of these cases showed high transaminase levels, accompanied by low blood sugar, and patho-anatomically, they had marked fatty degeneration of the liver and kidneys, and remarkable edema of the brain. The lung showed a slight inflammation of the interstitiums. Only mild inflammation was found in the intestines.
These clinical and pathological findings coincide with the conception of Reye's syndrome, and some discussions have been made about the differentiation between Reye's syndrome and those closely resembling this syndrome. ACTA PATH. JAP. 20: 251–259, 1970.