Incorporating Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Occupational Therapy: A Comparative Study with Patients with Low Back Pain

This paper reports on the implementation of a psychoeducational program utilizing cognitive-behavioral principles. The efficacy of this psychoeducational treatment program in modifying dysfunctional attitudes in patients with chronic low back pain was examined using a two-group pretest posttest design with a follow-up at 3 months. Thirty patients (average age = 44,37, SD = 13.71) participated in the study, with 15 in the psychoeducational treatment group and 15 in the placebo control group. These two conditions were added on to an existing eclectic inpatient pain management program. After assessment on the IPAM (The Integrated Psychosocial Assessment Model), scores were reduced to multivariate composite scores on the factors of illness behavior, depressed and negative cognitions, and acute pain strategies. Results of a group × time repeated measures analysis of variance for the three pain factors revealed a significant main effect for group(F(23,1) = 5.00, p > .04), tempered by a significant interaction between group and time on the depressed and negative pain factor(F(23,1) = 4.77, p > .04). Patients in the treatment group improved significantly over time and significantly more than the placebo control group patients at posttreatment. Results provide support for the program in increasing patients' feelings of control over their pain and the use of positive coping strategies, while reducing perceived helplessness, depression, disability, and pain intensity.     

Obesity,Health and Quality of Life: A Conversation to Further the Vision in Occupational Therapy

ABSTRACT

Occupational therapy is one of the most powerful professions to support the development of healthy lifestyles, promote health and well-being and empower individuals, communities and populations, especially those impacted by or at risk for obesity. Development of healthy lifestyles enhances and promotes quality of life. This article discusses the need for occupational therapy professionals to explore the many possibilities that enable lifestyle change for people at risk for or who are obese or overweight. Embracing and integrating health promotion and wellness into everyday practice, particularly for those impacted by obesity, is emphasized.     

Creating Occupational Therapy: The Challenges to Defining a Profession

The creation of a new profession in the early 20th century, such as occupational therapy, required a commitment to certain ideas and a willingness to accept certain challenges. This study examines the commitment to the idea of therapeutic and health supporting occupation by the early leaders and proponents of the profession and the challenges they faced in gaining acceptance of occupational therapy as a profession capable of delivering a valued health care service to society. Six challenges are reviewed as they occurred in the history of the profession and as they continue to challenge the profession into the present era.     

磁共振成像系统的质量保证与质量控制概述

磁共振成像系统的质量保证与质量控制工作日益得到专业人员的重视,以磁共振成像质量保证与质量控制教学研讨班授课提纲为基础,结合国内的具体情况,本文介绍了磁共振成像的质量保证与质量控制的基本概念、业界标准以及实施方案,指出开展相关工作的重要性与可行性。     

The Nature of Emerging Practice in Occupational Therapy: A Pilot Study

The profession of occupational therapy is responding to changes in the health care system by expanding the contexts and models for service provision, typically referred to as emerging practice. As a pilot study, a survey was completed by 174 occupational therapists to gather information and opinions about emerging practice. Results indicated occupational therapists hold diverse perceptions about emerging practice settings and services as well as the role and significance of emerging practice within the profession. Occupational therapists engaged in emerging practice described numerous rewards and challenges inherent within the process of developing and delivering services. The findings indicate continued professional dialogue and research are needed to support the development and efficacy of occupational therapy services in emerging settings and roles.     

调强适形放射治疗的质量保证及剂量验证

目的　介绍和探讨调强适形放射治疗的质量保证和质量控制方法。方法　 (1)通过体模移植的方法分别用电离室在水模体中测量 4 2例病人的IMRT治疗计划某点的绝对剂量 ,验证逆向计划系统剂量计算的准确性 ,进一步修正它的计算校正因子。 (2 )为验证MIMiC纵向的对称性、叶片横向的可靠性、稳定性 ,把剂量胶片放在两块有机玻璃板之间每周拍摄验证片。结果　 (1)测量所得的相对误差均在 3%以内 ,故逆向计划系统计算校正因子不需进行修正。 (2 )每周胶片验证的结果偏差均小于 1mm ,则无需对其进行机械调整。结论　近一年的IMRT工作实践证明所采用的质量保证和剂量验证措施是可行。     

The Partnering Model: Occupational Therapy Assistant and Occupational Therapy Students Working Together

SUMMARY

Establishing a partnering relationship between the occupational therapy assistant (OTA) and the occupational therapist (OT) is imperative in order to create an optimal working environment and deliver effective client care. A developmental model that provides students with opportunities to practice such a relationship has been used by an OTA and OT program in southwestern Ohio. This developmental Partnering Model gives students an opportunity to interact, work as teams, and collaborate during their educational experience. Each aspect of the model provides students with experiential learning opportunities. Educators will serve their OTA and OT students well in providing opportunities for them to develop and practice the skills they will need to create an optimal working environment and deliver effective client care as occupational therapy practitioners.     

Occupational Therapy: Still at Work

Many occupational therapists are moving into the field of occupational health and safety. This move is a reflection of the political and economic climate of Australia as well as the changing legislation related to occupational health. Only New South Wales legislation will, however, be examined in this instance. Occupational therapy's move from a medical model to a holistic conceptual basis has also resulted in an increased awareness of primary prevention strategies and health promotion. The workplace-based strategies which occupational therapists can offer the corporate sector are many and varied and reflect the unique contribution to be made by the profession to occupational health and safety.     

浅析数字化影像在放射治疗质量保证中的应用

通过各种KV级、MV级实时数字化影像和三维重建影像在放疗质量保证中的应用,为放疗射野中心及治疗范围的验证,摆位精度校正和放疗设备和物理特性检查方面提供了有效的手段．使得放射治疗的质量和精度都得到很大提高。     

Paediatric Occupational Therapy Services in Queensland Part 1: Demography

A survey of paediatric occupational therapy services in Queensland was undertaken to document current distribution of paediatric therapists, to obtain data on paediatric case load size; establish proportions of time spent in direct versus indirect services; and to investigate models of service delivery. Eighty seven questionnaires, from a total of 146 distributed to full and part-time paediatric occupational therapists, were returned. This paper reports geographic location, employment status, venue for service delivery, paediatric client groups, nature of intervention, therapist facilities, effect of school holidays and use of waiting lists.     

Paediatric Occupational Therapy Services in Queensland Part 2: Methods and Patterns

A survey of paediatric occupational therapy services throughout the state of Queensland was undertaken and demographic aspects and patterns of service delivery presented in Rodger, Springfield and Maas (1993). This paper presents models of service delivery, caseload size, and patterns of time use. Results indicate that a range of factors influence caseload size. Patterns of time use were consistent with those documented in the American and British literature, with approximately 50% of time spent in client contact. A range of models of service delivery exists, with the majority of respondents using more than one model. Implications of the survey findings for paediatric service delivery in Queensland are discussed.     

The Utilization of Occupational Therapy Services for Persons with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate the utilization of occupational therapy services in persons with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease, to better understand if services are being provided, the types of interventions being provided, and satisfaction of services. Using survey methods, an online questionnaire was made available to persons with CMT listed on association websites worldwide. One hundred and fifteen persons with CMT, residing in all geographical regions within the United States and seven other countries participated in the study. Around half of all participants had received occupational therapy services. Twelve interventions were identified as being provided for persons with CMT. Although the majority of individuals receiving occupational therapy services did not feel like it improved their quality of life, the majority of individuals would recommend occupational therapy services to others and would return to an occupational therapist. Of those participants not receiving occupational therapy, the majority felt they would benefit from occupational therapy services. The results suggest that occupational therapy services are not being well utilized for this population. A low response rate limits generalization, thus further research is necessary.     

A Course in Autoethnography: Fostering Reflective Practitioners in Occupational Therapy

This paper describes an academic course designed to lay the foundation for reflective practice in occupational therapy. In this course, students conduct highly personalized research based on experiences in Level II fieldwork that leads to writing an autoethnography. The paper describes autoethnography, details its use in occupational therapy literature, and discusses the design and outcomes of the course. Students' experiences with this autobiographical genre of qualitative research are illustrated. In the writing process, students find clinical stories that must be told and learn to “move around” in their stories. The outcomes of the course include integration of personal and professional experiences, closure to academic preparation, and deep reflection about what it means to be an occupational therapist.     

医院内呼吸机整体质量控制/质量保证方案的探讨与实践

提出医院内呼吸机全面质量控制的方案,并结合工作实际对院内在用呼吸机进行了普查和分析。