RAGE基因多态性与冠状动脉狭窄程度相关性研究

目的探讨晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)基因多态性与冠状动脉狭窄病变程度的相关性。方法回顾性分析2016年1月~2017年10月于漯河医学高等专科学校第二附属医院心内科住院的397例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病,CHD)患者及48例健康受试者的临床资料。根据冠状动脉造影结果将CHD者分为冠状动脉轻中度狭窄组(185例)、重度狭窄组(212例)。采用PCR-RFLP检测-429T/C、1704G/T、G82S基因型及等位基因分布频率。结果对照组受试者、冠脉狭窄轻中度组和重度组患者RAGE基因内含子区G82S多态性基因分布频率分别为(75.0%GG,22.92%GS,2.08%SS),(62.7%GG,36.22%GS,1.08%SS),(52.83%GG,36.79%GS,10.38%SS),且冠状动脉重度狭窄组患者RAGE基因G82S多态性的S等位基因的分布频率明显高于对照组和轻中度狭窄组(P0.05)。另外,对照组受试者G-Gly-T单倍体分布频率高于其他两组CHD患者,而重度冠脉狭窄组患者G-Ser-T单倍体分布频率高于其他两组(P0.05)。经Logistic多元回归分析,单倍体G-Ser-T发生冠状动脉狭窄的危险性明显增加(P0.05)。结论携带RAGE基因G82S多态性的单倍体型是冠状动脉发生重度狭窄的独立危险因素。     

晚期糖基化终产物受体基因多态性与左心室肥厚相关性的研究

目的探讨晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)基因多态性对左心室肥厚(LVH)的影响。方法选择住院患者531例,根据诊断分为LVH组157例、高血压组204例和对照组170例,应用聚合酶链反应限制片段长度多态性方法检测3组的RAGE基因3种多态性(-429T/C,1704G/T和G82S)基因型,并进行分析。结果 LVH组G82S的S等位基因分布显著高于对照组(22.3%vs 13.2%,P=0.002),高血压组与对照组和LVH组比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.224)。G82S多态性为LVH的1项重要危险因素(P=0.003),而与高血压无明显相关(P=0.353)。3组-429T/C和1704G/T的基因型及等位基因频率分布比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论携带RAGE基因G82S多态性的部分人群发生LVH的危险性显著增加,提示该基因多态性可能是LVH发生的易感基因。     

RAGE基因-374T/A多态性与中国汉族人群冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病的相关性研究

目的观察晚期糖基化终产物受体(receptor of advanced glycation end products,RAGE)基因启动区-374T/A多态性在中国汉人冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(冠心病)人群和对照组人群中的分布特点,并比较两者之间的差异,分析RAGE基因启动区-374T/A多态性与冠心病的相关性。方法应用Tsp509 I限制性内切酶的多聚酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)法,检测127例冠心病患者和88例对照组人群的RAGE多态性基因型。结果冠心病组与对照组间RAGE基因-374T/A多态性等位基因频率和基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);单因素logistic回归分析提示,AA基因型与冠心病无关联[OR=0.201,95%CI(0.201,4.220),P=0.9 155]。亚组分析显示,非糖尿病冠心病组与非糖尿病对照组RAGE基因-374T/A多态性等位基因频率和基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);单因素logistic回归分析提示,AA基因型与非糖尿病冠心病无关联[OR=1.415,95%CI(0.253,7.926),P=0.6 929]。结论 RAGE基因启动区-374T/A多态性可能与中国汉人冠心病的易感性无关联,其AA基因型可能不是中国汉人冠心病的保护因素。     

G蛋白β3亚单位基因和α-内收蛋白基因多态性与早发冠心病的相关性研究

目的 观察G蛋白β3亚单位基因(GNB3)C825T和α-内收蛋白基因(ADD1)CA60W多态性在中国早发冠心病(coronary heart disease,CHD)患者中的分布情况及特点,探讨CHD发生的遗传学机制。方法 采用聚合酶链反应和限制性片段内切酶的方法检测了342例早发CHD患者(冠状动脉造影证实,其中男性275例,年龄<55岁,女性67例,年龄<65岁)及133例对照(冠状动脉造影阴性)的GNB3基因C825T和ADDl基因G460W多态性。结果 GNB3基因C825T多态性在两组人群中的分布差异有显著性,CHD组T等位基因和TT基因型频率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),ADD1基因CA60W的等位基因和基因型频率两组比较差异均无显著性(P>0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示:在调整了其他危险因素后,T等位基因携带者和具有TT基因型者早发CHD的相对危险度增加(T等位基因:OR=1.8,95％CI为1.117～3.040,P=0.017;TT 基因型:OR=2.4,95％CI为1.312～4.254,P=0.004)。进一步的联合基因型分析显示:同时具有GNB3 825TF基因型和ADD1 460WW基因型者比单独有825TT基因型者有较高的早发CHD的危险(OR=6.1;95％CI 1.316～27.945,P=0.021)。结论 GNB3基因C825T多态性的825T等位基因和TT基因型可能是CHD早期发病的遗传因素之一。在早发CHD患者中GNB3 825TT基因型和ADD1 460WW基因型相互有一定影     

糖基化终产物受体基因G1704T多态性与糖尿病肾病相关性的研究

采用Taqman PCR法探讨糖基化终产物受体（RAGE）基因G1704T多态性与糖尿病肾病的相关性。结果发现RAGE基因1704T等位基因频率在糖尿病肾病中显著增高（P〈0．05），由此推测RAGE基因1704T等位基因可能是糖尿病肾病发生的危险因素。     

乙醛脱氢酶2基因G487A位点多态性与冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度的关系

目的 探讨乙醛脱氢酶2(ALDH2)基因G487A位点多态性与冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病）患者冠状动脉（冠脉）病变程度的相关性。方法 选择2018年1月至2020年3月于内蒙古自治区人民医院心血管内科收治的冠心病患者（冠心病组,n=168）和年龄、性别相匹配的门诊体检志愿者（对照组,n=170）为研究对象。采集外周静脉血,TaqMan探针SNP基因分型技术检测ALDH2基因G487A位点多态性,并分析其与冠心病易感以及冠脉病变程度的关系。结果 G487A位点ALDH2基因型频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律（P>0.05）,冠心病组和对照组ALDH2基因型、等位基因差异显著（P<0.05）,GA基因型（OR=1.524,95%CI:1.435～1.663）、AA基因型（OR=1.739,95%CI:1.656～1.867）、A等位基因（OR=1.721,95%CI:1.603～1.851）与冠心病风险增加有关（P<0.05）。GA+AA基因型、GG基因型冠脉病变支数、冠脉狭窄程度、冠脉病变程度差异显著（P<0.001）,ALDH2基因突变与...     

基质金属蛋白酶1基因-519A/G多态性与冠心病发病的关系

目的 研究中国北方汉族人群中基质金属蛋白酶1(MMP1)基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病发病的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应一限制性片段长度多态性技术结合琼脂糖凝胶电泳和基因测序等方法,检测经冠状动脉造影证实的517例冠心病患者和380例健康对照者MMP1-基因-519A/G多态性位点的基因型和等位基因分布,分析两组人群MMP1基因型和等位基因型频率的差异.结果 中国北方汉族人群中存在MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性.MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态的AA基因型在冠心病组和对照组间的分布差异有统计学意义[67.70%(350/517)比40.26%(153/380),OR=1.64,P＜0.001,95%CI:1.44～1.86],A等位基因携带者冠心病发病的相对危险度为1.49(P＜0.001,95%CI:1.33～1.69).亚组分析显示,AA基因型在急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)组和稳定性心绞痛组间的分布差异有统计学意义[68.81%(278/404)比51.76%(44/85),P＜0.01,95%CI:1.04～1.27].A等位基因携带者发生ACS的相对危险度为1.11(P＜0.05,95%CI:1.01～1.21).不稳定性心绞痛组与急性心肌梗死组比较,AA基因型和A等位基因的分布差异无统计学意义.结论 中国北方汉族人群中存在MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性.MMP1基因-519A/G单核苷酸多态性与冠心病的发病相关,A等位基因携带者发生ACS的危险性增加.     

中国人2型糖尿病微血管并发症与AGE受体基因Gly82Ser多态性相关研究

目的　探讨 AGE受体 (RAGE)基因 Gly82 Ser多态性与中国人 2型糖尿病微血管并发症间的关系。方法　使用限制性内切酶 Alu I(AG↑ CT)的 PCR- RFL P法 ,检测 10 4例非糖尿病对照者和 15 6例 2型糖尿病伴或不伴肾病、视网膜病变者的 RAGE基因 Gly82 Ser的多态基因型。结果　中国人 RAGE基因 Gly82 Ser多态基因型以 GG型、等位基因以 G型为最多见 ,但频率分布与白种人相比有显著性差异。非 DM对照组与 2型糖尿病伴或不伴有肾病的 4个亚组间、与伴或不伴有视网膜病变的 2个亚组间 ,RAGE基因的 Gly82 Ser多态的基因型 (GG、GS、SS)频率或等位基因 (G、S)频率皆无显著性差异 (Fisher's确切 P值 >0 .0 5 )。结论　 RAGE基因的 Gly82 Ser多态引起的 RAGE功能性氨基酸突变与 2型糖尿病微血管并发症的发生及进展无显著性相关     

PAI-2基因多态性与冠心病的相关性研究

目的:探讨PAI-2基因多态性与汉族家族性冠心病的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)对57例汉族家族性冠心病病人(冠心病组)以及62名汉族无冠心病家族史的健康人(对照组)的PAI-2基因型和等位基因频率分布进行分析,研究它与冠心病的相关性。结果:PAI-2基因Ser/Cys413(15588位点)G/C多态性等位基因频率在冠心病组和对照组间的分布均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示:CC、GG基因型与冠心病相关,且CC是冠心病发病的危险因素(OR=2.405,95%CI:1.059~5.667),GG是冠心病发病的保护性因素(OR=0.303,95%CI:0.089~1.029)。等位基因频率的相对风险分析发现,C等位基因携带者患冠心病的风险是G等位基因的28.88倍(OR=28.88,95%CI:1.96~437.62)。结论:PAI-2基因Ser/Cys413(15 588)G/C多态性与冠心病的发病具有相关性,其中C等位基因是冠心病发病的遗传易感因素,而G等位基因是冠心病发病的保护因素。     

中国北方汉族人群IL-8基因+394 T/G多态性与急性冠脉综合征的关联性

目的:观察趋化因子白介素-8（Interleukin-8,IL-8)基因单核苷酸多态性与急性冠脉综合征（acute coronary syndrome,ACS）的相关性。方法: 采用直接测序的方法对675例ACS的患者和636例对照组进行检测,分析IL-8基因+394T/G单核苷酸多态的基因型和等位基因频率的分布情况。结果: IL-8基因+394 T/G单核苷酸多态在ACS组和对照组间的分布频率皆符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律,IL-8基因+394 T/G单核苷酸多态三种基因型（GG型,GT型和TT型）在ACS组分布频率分别为16.9%,48.7%和34.4%,在对照组分别为18.1%,50.9%和31.0%。IL-8基因+394 T/G多态基因型和等位基因频率在正常对照组和ACS组之间无明显的相关(P>0.05)。Logistic回归校正性别、年龄、体质量指数、吸烟、高血压病、高脂血症、糖尿病等冠心病易患因素后,IL-8基因+394 T/G多态与ACS的发病无相关关系。结论: 在中国北方汉族人群中IL-8基因+394T/G多态与ACS发病无相关关系,IL-8基因+394 T/G 多态不是ACS发病的独立危险因素。     

Association of RAGE gene polymorphisms with coronary artery disease in the Korean population

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: AGEs (advanced glycation end products)-RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products) interaction in vessel wall may lead to inflammation, smooth muscle cell proliferation and extracellular matrix production, culminating in exaggerated intimal hyperplasia and restenosis. We focused on the putative association of five candidate RAGE gene polymorphisms on the risk of coronary artery disease in the Korean population. METHODS: A total of 1555 male patients who underwent coronary angiography were enrolled in the study; 805 patients (mean age: 53.18+/-9.74 years) had normal coronary artery and 750 patients (mean age: 55.73+/-8.31 years) had significant coronary artery disease. Among the coronary artery disease patients, 269 had single-vessel disease (35.87%), 242 had two-vessel disease (32.27%) and 239 had three-vessel disease (31.87%). The genotypes of RAGE were determined by the methods of single base extension with amplifying primers and probes for TaqMan. Genotype analysis was performed on five single nucleotide polymorphisms of the RAGE gene, namely -443T>C, -388T>A, -257G>A, +557G>A and +1704G>T. Analysis for the association with coronary artery disease was performed. RESULTS: Analysis of four single nucleotide polymorphisms, except +557G>A (G82S), with regard to the association with coronary artery disease was not significant. Only the +557 gene allele (G/A) showed significant association with coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease vs. normal; G allele: 0.87 vs. 0.84, A allele: 0.13 vs. 0.16, P=0.0326). The +557G>A (G82S) showed strong tendency of association with coronary artery disease (coronary artery disease vs. normal; GG: 75.2 vs. 69.8%, GA: 23.2 vs. 28.6%, AA: 1.6 vs. 1.6%, P=0.0524). The presence of AA or GA genotype, assuming codominant effect of the A allele, was independently associated with decreased risk of coronary artery disease when controlled for age, body mass index, smoking and diabetes mellitus [odds ratio=0.749 (95% confidence interval, 0.579-0.969), P=0.0280]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated the significant protective effect of AA or GA genotype in nondiabetic patients as well [odds ratio=0.741 (0.570-0.962), P=0.0244]. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this large population study demonstrate that the AA/GA genotypes of the RAGE +557G>A polymorphism are associated with a significantly decreased risk of significant coronary artery disease. Other polymorphisms of RAGE were not significantly associated with the risk of coronary artery disease in this study population.     

Relation between polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of RAGE gene and diabetic retinopathy in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients

OBJECTIVE: To clarify whether polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of the rage gene were related to diabetic retinopathy, we performed a case-control study in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred and sixty-eight patients with type 2 diabetes were examined for polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene. The genotypes of G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene were determined with a fluorescent allele-specific DNA primer assay system. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) was diagnosed in a masked manner by independent ophthalmologists using fundus photographs and was classified as non-diabetic retinopathy (NDR), non-proliferative retinopathy (NPDR), and proliferative retinopathy (PDR). RESULTS: The T allele frequency of G1704T and S allele frequency of G82S in patients with DR did not significantly differ from those without retinopathy. There were no differences among the genotypes of G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene regarding age, duration of diabetes, BMI, HbA(1c), blood pressure, and lipids levels. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene are not related to DR in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.     

Polymorphisms of the receptor of advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and the development of nephropathy in type 1 diabetic patients

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association of the RAGE (Receptor for Advanced Glycation End products) exon3 gene polymorphisms with stages of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. METHODS: The RAGE exon 3 genotype was assessed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) procedure in 487 type 1 diabetic patients with proliferative retinopathy subdivided into four groups according to their level of renal involvement and in 351 control subjects (GENEDIAB study). RESULTS: We reported here three main low frequency dimorphisms, previously submitted to data banks, Gly82Ser, Val89 CTC/CTG, and Arg77Cys. The genotype distribution of these polymorphisms was not statistically different in type 1 diabetic patients compared to healthy controls (p=0.37). Among the three described polymorphisms, only the RAGE Gly82Ser genotype frequency was significantly increased in the group with advanced nephropathy (11%) defined by a chronic renal failure compared to the three others groups: no nephropathy, 5%; incipient (microalbuminuria) 5%; established (macroalbuminuria), 2%) (P=0.04). The 82 Ser allele was identified as an independent risk marker for the stage of advanced nephropathy: adjusted odds ratio 3.17(95% CI 1,32-7,85, p=0.008). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the 82 Ser allele of the RAGE gene is a risk allele for developing advanced nephropathy. This suggests that some RAGE gene polymorphisms may be associated with progression to diabetic advanced nephropathy in Caucasian type 1 diabetic patients.     

Association study of G1704T and G82S polymorphisms of RAGE gene for microalbuminuria in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients

To clarify whether polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene were related to microalbuminuria, we performed a case-control study in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients. Polymorphisms G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene were examined with genomic DNA obtained from 116 type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria (urinary albumin/creatinine ratio between 30 and 300 mg/g of creatinine) (microalbuminuria group), and 232 patients with normoalbuminuria (urinary albumin/creatinine ratio <30 mg/g of creatinine) (normoalbuminuria group). The genotype distribution and T allele frequency of G1704T (9.9%) and S allele frequency of G82S (14.2%) in the microalbuminuria group did not significantly differ from those (T allele frequency, 8.4%; S allele frequency, 12.3%) in the normoalbuminuria group. There were no differences among the genotypes of G1704T and G82S of the RAGE gene regarding age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood pressure, and serum lipid levels. These data suggest that G1704T and G82S polymorphisms of the RAGE gene are not related to microalbuminuria in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.     

A meta-analysis of receptor for advanced glycation end products gene: four well-evaluated polymorphisms with diabetes mellitus

Genetic association studies on the gene encoding receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and diabetes mellitus have reported conflicting results. To evaluate the association of RAGE gene four widely-evaluated polymorphisms (T-429C, T-374A, Gly82Ser and G1704T) and diabetes mellitus, a meta-analysis was conducted. A random-effects model was applied irrespective of between-study heterogeneity. There were a total of 5808/3742 (n=14) case-patients/controls (studies) for T-429C, 8259/6935 (n=19) for T-374A, 7029/5266 (n=19) for Gly82Ser, and 2843/3302 (n=13) for G1704T. Overall results detected no significant association of polymorphisms T-429C, T-374A and Gly82Ser with diabetes risk. There was a trend toward an increased risk for alleles 1704T relative to 1704G (odds ratio [OR]=1.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.22; I(2)=0). Subgroup analysis by ethnicity indicated that allele 1704T conferred a significantly increased risk in East Asians (OR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.04-1.4; I(2)=0) but not in Caucasians (OR=0.8; 95% CI: 0.6-1.07; I(2)=0), and that by type of diabetes mellitus indicated that association was potentiated exclusively for G1704T with diabetic retinopathy (OR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.01-1.51; I(2)=0). No publication bias was observed. Our results provide convincing evidence regarding the association of RAGE gene 1704T allele with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus, especially diabetic retinopathy. Notably, this effect was more pronounced in East Asians.     

溃疡性结肠炎患者中肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体基因多态性及单倍型分析

目的 探讨肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体(Trail)基因多态性及单倍型与溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的关系.方法 收集UC患者331例,健康对照者832名,PCR扩增Trail目的基因后,直接测序检测Trail基因3非编码区(G1525A/G1588A/C1595T)三种单核苷酸多态性,并分析Trail单倍型与UC的关系.结果 与对照组相比较,Trail G1525A突变等位基因A和基因型GA+ AA的频率在UC组中明显降低(P值均＜0.01);UC组Trail G1588A和C1595T两位点突变等位基因A和T的频率明显低于对照组,且差异有统计学意义(P值均＜0.01).轻和中度UC患者Trail C1595T突变等位基因T和CT+ TT基因型频率为49.15％和64.51％,重度UC患者分别为72.37％和84.21％,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(OR值分别=2.710和2.935,95％CI:1.598～4.596和1.188～7.249,P值均＜0.05).重度UC患者Trail G1525A突变等位基因A的频率为48.69％,较轻和中度UC患者(35.16％)增加(OR=1.750,95％CI:1.082～2.830,P=0.021).UC组中AAT单倍型频率显著低于对照组(43.09％比58.41％,95％CI:1.549～2.229,P＜0.01);GAT单倍型频率在UC组中明显增高(10.15％比0.18％,95％CI:0.005～0.051,P＜0.01).结论 Trail基因多态性及单倍型与UC易感性密切相关.     

Impact of matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene variations on risk of acute coronary syndrome

OBJECTIVES: This case-control study was conducted to investigate whether genetic variations in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene promoter were related to risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). DESIGN AND METHODS: 222 patients with ACS and 191 normal controls were examined by means of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULT: A significantly higher frequency of AA genotype of -519A/G polymorphism was observed in ACS patients than in the controls (P<0.001). The relative risk of ACS in patients carrying A allele of -519A/G polymorphism was 1.33 [P<0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-1.57]. Linkage disequilibrium test and haplotype analysis indicated that the AT haplotype significantly increased the risk of ACS (P=0.004, 95% CI=1.14-2.04, odds ratio=1.53). Compared with the AT haplotype, the GT haplotype was associated with a reduced occurrence of ACS (P<0.001, 95% CI=0.36-0.70, odds ratio=0.51). CONCLUSION: Our findings suggested that genetic variations in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 gene promoter may contribute to interindividual variability in risk of ACS, and help predict susceptible individuals.     

Polymorphisms in the RAGE gene influence susceptibility to diabetes-associated microvascular dermatoses in NIDDM.

To examine genetic polymorphism in the complete sequence of the Receptor of Advanced Glycation End products (RAGE) gene and its possible associations with diabetes-associated microvascular dermatoses (DAMD). Further, to analyze the distribution of individual genotype combinations on the particular polymorphic loci in the RAGE gene. A part of the RAGE gene spanning a region from -4 to 3334 bp was analyzed on a set of 45 subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and parallel DAMD by means of PCR with subsequent heteroduplex and single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analyses. Allele frequencies and genotype combinations of novel common polymorphisms were determined in an associations study comprising four groups of subjects (n=390). Fourteen novel polymorphisms (R77C, V89V, 718G/T, 1704G/T, 1727A1728ins, H305Q, S307C, 2117A/G, 2184A/G, 2245G/A, 2249A/G, 2741G/A, and 3089ACdel) and one described previously (G82S) were identified. Significant association with microvascular dermatoses (MD) irrespective of NIDDM were found for exon mutation 82S (P= .004, after a correction for the number of comparisons P(corr) < .05) and marginally significant for intron variant 1704T (P= .032, P(corr)> .05). Calculated odds ratios for 82S and 1704T were 4.73 (95% CI, 1.51 to 14.77) and 1.73 (95% CI, 0.93 to 3.22), respectively. Certain individual genotype combinations of G82S, 1704G/T, and 2184A/G were significantly associated with the presence of MD (P= .00647) both in diabetic and non-diabetic study populations. The two novel polymorphisms (1704G/T and 2184A/G) together with the G82S were shown to influence the susceptibility to MD independent of diabetes itself.     

Hematopoietic cell kinase gene polymorphisms and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Chinese population

Hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck), a Src family kinase, has been recently suggested to be implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study aims to analyze the association of polymorphism of Hck gene with COPD in a Chinese population. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer method (PCR-SSP) were used to type Hck polymorphisms in 120 patients with COPD and 100 healthy controls. There were significant differences in the genotype and allele distribution of -627 G/T polymorphism in Hck gene between cases and controls (P<.05). The GT genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of COPD as compared with the GG genotype (Odds ratio [OR]=2.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39-4.48; P=.002). Moreover, individuals carrying T allele had a significantly higher risk for developing COPD than those carrying G allele (OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.26-3.79; P=.005). In haplotype analysis, compared with CG(deletion) haplotype, CT(insertion) haplotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of COPD (OR=2.66, 95% CI: 1.22-5.78; P=.011). These findings suggest the Hck gene polymorphisms may contribute to COPD susceptibility in Chinese population.     

Carriers of three polymorphisms of cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene are at increased risk to coronary heart disease in a Chinese population

BACKGROUND: The cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) is a key participant in the reverse transport of cholesterol from the peripheral tissue to the liver and the polymorphism in the CETP gene may therefore alter the susceptibility to coronary heart disease (CHD). The aim of the present study was to screen the CETP gene for new single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and to determine whether SNPs at important cholesterol metabolism gene loci might exert effects on the risk to CHD in Chinese. METHODS: Genomic DNA samples were collected from 203 Chinese patients with CHD and 209 age- and gender-matched controls. The coding region, adjacent intronic sequences and promoter region (totally 5501 bp) of the CETP gene were screened based on a combination of polymerase chain reaction, denaturing high performance liquid chromatography and DNA sequencing. The association of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms with CHD was assessed by univariate, multivariate analysis and haplotype analysis. RESULTS: Fifteen SNPs were identified in the CETP gene including 12 novel ones, of which, 3 were in promoter region, 1 in exon 10, and other 9 in introns. The frequencies of -644C, +13054T, 296Q, and 442G alleles were considerably higher, while the frequency of +9907A allele lower, in CHD patients than those in controls (p=0.016, p=0.043, p=0.006, p=0.006, and p=0.029, respectively). The results of individual polymorphism analyses were confirmed by haplotype analysis for the combination of these 5 SNPs. The -644A/C, L296Q, and D442G polymorphisms were found to be associated with CHD in this Chinese population by multivariate analysis (p=0.009, p=0.024, and p=0.007, respectively). The adjusted odds ratio for the development of CHD for the -644C allele carriers was 1.63 compared with -644AA genotype (95% CI 1.05-2.78; p<0.01), 1.71 for the 296Q allele carriers relative to 296LL genotype (95% CI 1.10-2.89; p<0.05), and 1.31 for the 442G allele carriers relative to 442DD genotype (95% CI 1.02-2.56; p<0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant relation between the polymorphisms in the CETP gene and the development of CHD, and individuals homozygous or heterozygous for the -644C, 296Q, and 442G alleles of the CETP gene are at increased risk to develop CHD in this Chinese population.