亲和组化法检测乳腺癌雌,孕激素受体状态的研究

用亲和组化法（半定量分析法）同时检测６７例乳腺癌和良性病变组织印片和石腊切片的ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态，二种玻片的ＥＲ阳性、阴性和总符合率分别为８９．５％、９６．６％和９２．５％；双顶阳性（ＥＲ＋／ＰｇＲ＋）、双项阴性（ＥＲ－／ＰｇＲ－）和双项总符合率分别为７５．９％、９２．６％和８２．１％；同种方法检测１５７例随机乳腺癌石腊切片，发现ＥＲ阳性率为５８．６％（９２例）；ＰｇＲ阳性率４８．４％（７６例）．１５７例随访资料提示，受体双项阳性者，其健康良好。乳腺癌分期同ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态的比较，ＥＲ＋／ＰｓＲ＋者的Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ期病例分别为３７．５％、４５．３％和１７．２％，无Ⅳ期病例：而ＥＲ－／ＰｇＲ－者则为１３．８％、２２．４％和４３．１％．提示，用亲和组化法测定乳腺癌石腊切片ＥＲ／ＰｇＲ状态有较好的可信性。但对乳腺粘液腺癌和派杰氏病宜用切片或针吸涂片。     

卵巢恶性肿瘤雌激素受体及孕激素受体的研究

应用酶联雌二醇（Ｅ２－ＨＲＰ）和酶联孕酮（Ｐｇ－ＨＲＰ）亲和组化法检测卵巢恶性肿瘤雌激素受体和孕激素受体４５例，结果ＥＲ阳性３５例，ＰｇＲ阳性３３例，其阳性检出率依次为７７％和７３％，不同类型肿瘤的受体水平有差异，上皮性癌肿的阳性检出率较转移癌高。检测结果显示：肿瘤分化越好，受体水平也越高，早期癌比晚期癌的ＥＲ，ＰｇＲ受体水平高，受体阳性者术后加用他莫西芬联合化疗治疗，其生存时间较阴性者长，复发亦     

胃癌109例雌激素受体与孕激素受体的检测研究

自１９８６～１９９３年采用李氏荧光雌激素组织化学法对胃癌１０９创作了雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）测定，同时对８例非肿瘤病人的胃正常粘膜作了ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ测定。１０９例胃癌的ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性率分别为２３％、２７．５％，８例非肿瘤病人的胃正常粘膜ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ均阴性。１０９例胃癌中高分化腺癌ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性率分别为４４．１％（１５／３４）、４７．１％（１６／３４），均明显高于低分化腺癌的１４％（６／４３）及２０．９％（９／４３），ＥＲ为Ｐ＜０．０２、ＰｇＲ为Ｐ＜０．０５，发病年龄及性别与ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ均无关。认为ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性的胃癌与雌激素靶器官的恶性肿瘤一样，可能为雌激素依赖性肿瘤，对内分泌治疗有着良好的前景。     

涎腺肿瘤中雌,孕激素受体的表达及意义

用酶联亲合组化法在石蜡切片上对４４例涎腺肿瘤组织中的ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ进行检测。结果表明，多形性腺瘤ＥＲ（＋）率为３３．３３％，ＰｇＲ（＋）率为８．３３％；涎腺癌ＥＲ（＋）率为６８．７５％，ＰｇＲ（＋）率为５３．３３％，这些肿瘤尤其是涎腺癌可能是激素依赖性。阳性颗粒在多形性腺瘤多出现在细胞核中，在涎腺癌多出现在细胞浆内。另外，在粘液表皮样癌中ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ表达与肿瘤分化程度呈正相关，并且粘液样细胞对ＥＲ和ＰｇＲ均不表达，表皮样细胞和中间型细胞表达与否和表达强度基本一致。     

卵巢恶性肿瘤雌,孕激素受体状态及其与临床,病理关系的初步探讨

用ＤＣＣ方法检测了５５例卵巢恶性肿瘤及１２例良性肿瘤胞浆雌激素受体（ＥＲ），其中３４例还同时测定了孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）。结果表明，卵巢恶性肿瘤中４１．８％ＥＲ阳性，４１．２％ＰｇＲ阳性，明显高于良性肿瘤，后者ＥＲ为８．３％，ＰｇＲ为２０．０％。卵巢恶性肿瘤中的ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ与某些临床、病理因素有一定关系。性索间质肿瘤的ＥＲ含量最高（１２６．６ｆｍｏｌｅ／ｍｇ），生殖细胞瘤最低（５．３ｆｍｏｌｅ／ｍｇ）。ＰｇＲ则在性索间质肿瘤及上皮性病中较高（分别为４９．８ｆｍｏｌｅ／ｍｇ及４８．６ｆｍｏｌｅ／ｍｇ）。ＥＲ有随肿瘤组织学分级增高而下降的趋势，ＰｇＲ则无明显规律。两种受体在临床早期组均高于晚期组。经过长期随访发现，ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性患者的５年存活率及平均生存时间均比阴性患者高。本研究初步表明，卵巢恶性肿瘤中亦有部分为性激素依赖性肿瘤，且受体的状态与肿瘤的分化程度及患者的预后有一定关系，这就为卵巢癌的内分泌治疗及对预后的估价奠定了一定的理论基础。     

新鲜乳腺疾病组织C－erbB－2基因蛋白表达、癌胚抗原、性激素受体的研究

应用ＡＢＣ法对４２例乳腺癌、４０例乳腺良性病变新鲜冰冻组织进行了Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２基因蛋白表达的研究，比较了Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、雌激素受体（ＥＲ）、孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）、癌胚抗原（ＣＥＡ）在乳腺癌组织中的表达。结果：乳腺癌中２６例（６１．９％）有Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２基因表达，强阳性表达８例（１９．０％），良性乳腺病变也有表达；淋巴结转移多见于Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２阳性、ＥＲ阴性，ＣＥＡ阴性病例；随着Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２表达程度增加（－→＋→＋＋），淋巴结转移阳性率增加，临床分期为Ｉ期的患者数减少，ＩＩ、ＩＩＩ期增多，ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ受体水平下降。提示，Ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２基因蛋白表达与预后有关，表达强度越高，预后越差。     

乳腺癌中EGF,EGF—R,p53癌基因产物的表达及意义

应用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法、Ｓ－Ｐ法对６７例乳腺肿瘤进行了ＥＧＦ、ＥＧＦ－Ｒ、ｐ５３癌基因蛋白表达的研究。结果显示：ＥＧＦ表达阳性率为１７．９％，髓样癌阳性率最高（２７．２％）。ＥＧＦ－Ｒ表达阳性率为６７．１６％，单纯癌阳性率最高（６８．７５％）。ｐ５３表达阳性率为３７．３１％，单纯癌阳性率最高（５０％）。ＥＧＦ、ＥＧＦ－Ｒ、ｐ５３之间阳性表达有明显相关性，Ｐ＜０．０１，与淋巴结转移相关。两者同时过度表达和三者同时过度表达者也与淋巴结转移有关，与预后无明显差异。提示ＥＧＦ、ＥＧＦ－Ｒ、ｐ５３在乳腺肿瘤浸润、增殖及淋巴结转移中起重要作用。     

甲状腺癌,腺瘤及正常甲状腺组织女性激素受体检测的临床…

采用酶联亲和组化法于石蜡切片对６７例甲状腺癌，２０例腺瘤及３３例瘤旁正常甲状腺组织进行了雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）检测。结果显示：在腺癌中ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ阳性表达明显高于腺瘤及正常组织（Ｐ〈０．０１），癌组织中乳头状癌阳性率最高，滤泡状癌次之，未分化及其它癌最低，４０岁以前癌组织中ＰｇＲ阳性率高于４０岁以后（Ｐ〈０．０５），女性癌组织中ＰｇＲ阳性率高于男性（Ｐ〈０．０５）。提示，ＥＲ，Ｐ     

乳腺癌p53、c－erbB－2基因蛋白、表皮生长因子受体与雌、孕激素受体的表达及其临床意义

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测１００例乳腺癌和１００例乳腺良性病变组织中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＥＧＦＲ与ＥＲ、ＰｇＲ的表达。结果显示：乳腺癌各种标记阳性率均高于乳腺良性病变；ＥＲ阳性率在５０岁以上组高于５０岁以下组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；不同病理学类型中各种标记的阳性率亦存在一定差异，乳腺癌中ｐ５３、ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２、ＥＧＦＲ和ＥＲ及ＰＲ的表达呈显著负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），可能成为判断乳腺癌治疗和预后的重要标志。     

乳腺癌p53,c—erbB—2基因蛋白,表皮生长因子受体与雌,孕激素受体…

应用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测１００例乳腺癌和１００例乳腺良性病变组织中ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ＥＧＦＲ 与ＥＲ，ＰｇＲ的表达，结果显示，乳腺癌各种标记阳性率均高于乳腺良性病变；ＥＲ性率在５０岁以上组高于５０岁以下组（Ｐ〈０．０５），不同病理学类型中各种标记的阳性率亦存在一定差异，乳腺癌中ｐ５３，ｃ－ｅｒｂＢ－２，ＥＧＦＲ和ＥＲ及ＰＲ的表达呈显著负相关（Ｐ〈０．０１），可能成为判断乳腺癌治疗和预后的重     

脑膜瘤的雌孕激素受体

本文对３３例脑膜瘤的ＥＲ，ＰＲ作了分析。脑膜瘤性激素受体的阳性率：ＥＲｃ为０，ＥＲｎ为６．１％，ＰＲｃ为１２．１％，ＰＲｎ为６３．３％。多数肿瘤中测不到ＥＲ，且测到者含量变极低。ＰＲ含量明显高于ＥＲ，认为脑膜瘤以ＰＲ占优势。ＰＲ与ＥＲ间无相关关系，ＥＲｎ（ｇ ），ＰＲｎ（＋）者明显多于ＥＲｎ（＋），ＰＲｎ（＋）者，提示脑瘤的ＰＲ可能是一个不依赖于ＥＲ调节的独立系统。本资料为脑膜瘤的激素治疗可能性提     

Results of two or five years of adjuvant tamoxifen correlated to steroid receptor and S-phase levels

A Swedish cooperative trial demonstrated that 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen was more beneficial than 2 years of tamoxifen in the treatment of postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor (ER) positive, early stage, invasive breast cancer. The main aim of the present study was to investigate the importance of progesterone receptor (PgR) and ER concentration levels for patients participating in the trial and still distant recurrence free two years after the primary operation. Subgroup analyses revealed that only patients with ER positive and PgR positive breast cancer had improved distant recurrence free survival (DRFS) by prolonged tamoxifen therapy (p=0.0016). Patients with ER negative and PgR negative as well as ER positive and PgR negative tumors showed no significant effect of prolonged tamoxifen (p=0.53 and p=0.80, respectively). The percentage of ER negative and PgR positive breast cancers was too small (2.2%) for any meaningful subgroup analysis. There was a significant positive trend that the concentration level of PgR (high positive vs. low positive vs. negative) decreased the recurrence rate for those with prolonged therapy. No corresponding pattern was found for the ER content. S-phase fraction did not correlate to the recurrence rate of PgR positive breast cancers. Patients recurring during tamoxifen therapy had receptor negative tumors to a greater extent than those recurring after tamoxifen treatment.In conclusion, prolonged tamoxifen therapy for 5 years instead of 2 years was found to be beneficial for patients with ER positive and PgR positive breast cancer, whereas three extra years of tamoxifen had little or no effect for patients with ER positive but PgR negative tumors as well as for steroid receptor negative patients.     

A Study of Estrogen and Progesterone Receptors in Human Breast Cancer by Sucrose Gradient Centrifugation

Estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) weremeasured by sucrose gradient centrifugation in a series of 109breast cancers, 22 benign mammary tumors and 10 normal mammarytissues. About 45% of the breast cancers were ER + and about 20% werePgR +. In the 39 cases examined for both ER and PgR, all 8 PgR+ cases were also ER +, and there was a close relationship betweenER and PgR status. There was no marked difference between premenopausaland postmenopausal patients in the positive rates or in thelevels (the number of binding sites) of ER and PgR. The relationshipbetween ER or PgR status and clinical response to endocrinetherapy was examined in 21 cases. Close relationships betweenthem were observed and the presence of PgR increased the predictiveindex of ER.     

Measurement of steroid hormone receptors in breast cancer patients on tamoxifen

Summary Estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) positive breast tumors often respond to tamoxifen, but ultimately progress as they become tamoxifen resistant. An accurate assessment of receptor status in specimens from tamoxifen-resistant patients could help to understand potential mechanisms of resistance and to predict response to second line hormonal therapies. However, since tamoxifen itself can affect ER and PgR determinations, assay results can be misleading. We measured ER and PgR by both ligand binding (LBA) and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays in 34 tumors from patients on tamoxifen, 30 of whom were displaying resistance to the drug. These tumors were classified into several receptor phenotypes. Eleven patients, 8 of whom were clearly progressing, expressed both receptors while on tamoxifen. ER was significantly less often negative when measured by IHC, suggesting that ER status by LBA was falsely negative in this group due to receptor occupancy by tamoxifen. Six patients had no detectable ER by LBA or IHC but still expressed PgR. The presence of PgR suggests that ER could still be functional, though undetectable, in these tumors, or that PgR is constitutively expressed by them. Finally, 12 patients were ER and PgR-negative by both assays, suggesting hormonal independence as the mechanism for resistance in this group. In a subset of patients with receptor assays both prior to tamoxifen and at the time of progression while taking the drug, we found that most ER-positive tumors converted to an apparent ER-negative status when assayed by LBA, while PgR status frequently remained unchanged. The continued expression of ER and/or PgR in many patients with tumor progression on tamoxifen indicates that mechanisms for resistance other than receptor loss are common in breast cancer.Deceased     

Progesterone receptor is a favorable prognostic factor of radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix

Purpose: The prognostic significance of the expression of estrogen receptors (ER) and progesterone receptors (PgR) in adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix has been controversial. Hence, the relationship between the expression of the hormone receptors and clinical outcome was evaluated for patients with adenocarcinoma treated with radiation therapy alone.

Materials and Methods: This study involved 66 patients with cervical adenocarcinoma consisting of 44 adenocarcinomas and 22 adeno-squamous cell carcinomas. They received radiation therapy at the National Institute of Radiological Sciences Hospital between 1962 and 1993. The mean age of the patients was 62.0 ± 12.0 years (range, 36–82 years). The numbers of patients with Stage I, II, III, and IV diseases were 7, 17, 27, and 15, respectively. Their ER and PgR statuses were investigated immunohistochemically using biopsy specimens excised from the cervical tumors before radiation therapy.

Results: ER staining was positive in 12 patients (19%). ER status did not correlate with the 5-year cause-specific, local-control, and disease-free survivals. PgR staining was positive in 12 patients (19%). The disease-free survival rate of PgR-positive patients was significantly higher than that of PgR-negative patients (p = 0.044). Although PgR status did not reach statistical significance in relation to the 5-year cause-specific survival and local-control survival, the better survival was due to less local recurrence rather than to less distant metastasis.

Conclusion: The present study suggested that PgR status was associated with prognosis after radiation therapy for adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix.     

喉鳞状细胞癌与雌激素受体的关系

用酶抗酶免疫复合物（ＰＡＰ）法测定了５０例喉鳞状细胞癌及１０例声带息肉，１例声带乳头瘤样增生的雌激素受体（ＥＲ）和孕激素受体（ＰｇＲ）。结果表明，正常喉组织及声带息肉雌、孕激素受体均为阴性。喉鳞状细胞癌的雌、孕激素受体的阳性率分别为６０％和５６％，其中高分化鳞状细胞癌的雌、孕激素受体阳性率明显高于低分化者（Ｐ＜０．０５）。受体阳性率与临床分期无明显关系（Ｐ＞０．０５）。此结果提示雌激素受体的出现与喉癌细胞的分化程度有关。测定喉鳞状细胞癌的雌激素受体对于喉癌的发生、发展及预后有进一步研究的价值。     

Changes in biological markers, particularly hormone receptors, due to pre-operative chemotherapy (epirubicin/docetaxel) in operable breast cancer

We investigated the correlation between biological markers prior to pre-operative chemotherapy with epirubicin and docetaxel (ET therapy) and the effect of treatment as well as the clinically significant changes in biological markers before and after chemotherapy. Since April 2002, 52 patients with tumors ≥3 cm in diameter or lymph node metastases have received pre-operative ET chemotherapy. The items investigated were ER/PgR, proliferative activity (MIB-1), etc. The correlation of changes in these factors between pre-and post-treatment status and the clinical and pathological responses was investigated. Clinical response was 82%, BCS rate was 67%. Pathological response was 31.4%. The ER/PgR positive cell rate significantly decreased from 48%/32% to 37%/14%. The MIB-1 decreased from 48% to 27%. The pathological response was significantly high in patients with low ER/PgR-positive rates and those with high MIB-1 values.