Varices of the colon in the roentgenologic picture

The authors describe a double contrast X-ray picture of varicosities of the large intestine. In the literature so far irrigoscopic changes specific for varicosities were not described. The authors observed that the defect of the filling increased after Valsalva's manoeuvre. The authors consider this symptom specific for varicosities.     

Gastroesophageal reflux and peptic esophagitis in childhood. What is the role of traditional radiology?

The authors studied 52 patients aged from 1 month to 8 years with symptoms consistent with gastro-esophageal reflux and esophagitis. The employed methods were radiological examination, esophageal manometry, acid reflux test, endoscopy. The gastro-esophageal reflux was diagnosed in 38 children. The authors compare the results of radiological examination to those of the other methods. The analysis of the results led the authors to believe that the association of every methods is necessary to define the diagnostic picture. However, the authors emphasize that the conventional X-rays examination is the first stage that cannot be substituted in the management of children with non acute gastro-esophageal disease.     

Labyrinthine and extralabyrinthine mechanisms of the development of motion sickness in weightlessness

This paper describes an important problem of aerospace medicine, i. e. space motion sickness. The review surveys relevant Soviet and foreign publications. On their basis, including their own data, the authors discuss possible mechanisms of the sickness symptom-complex in the weightless state. The authors put forth their own ideas concerning current hypotheses of space motion sickness and discuss potential applicability of the theoretical concepts with respect to the prevention of this adverse symptom-complex. The authors describe selected outlines in the study of mechanisms of space motion sickness and in the development of specific countermeasures.     

Blood lipids and the incidence of hyperlipidemia in pilots

The content of cholesterol and triglycerides was measured in healthy pilots. Over 1500 subjects were examined and age-related norms of the parameter were established. They were compared with published data. Physiological variations of cholesterol and triglycerides were related to age, height and body weight. The authors developed a method for diagnosing hyperlipidemia based on the agreement or disagreement between experimentally measured and theoretically calculated values. The authors maintain that hyperlipidemia can be diagnosed if the difference between the real and expected values is over 10%. The authors calculated the incidence of hyperlipidemia in all subjects examined (over 2100) and found that it was high: even in pilots of the age group 20-29 years hyperlipidemia occurred in 30% of subjects.     

Regional dehydration in the combined treatment of fractures of the bones of the extremities]

The article makes a theoretical substantiation of regional dehydration in the treatment of the posttraumatic swellings in bone fractures of the extremities. The state of regional hemodynamics in 226 patients with the affections of bones and vessels of the extremities was studied using clinical, functional and angiographical methods. The authors make a conclusion concerning the efficiency of the proposed method of treatment for posttraumatic swellings of the extremities, which is based on the rapid enhancing of the mole-factor in the blood plasma in order to recover optimal conditions for the exchange process and microcirculation. This method of regional dehydration is proposed by the authors as an alternative to the fasciotomy which is based on mechanical influence upon extravasal squeezing of vessels.     

2004-2013年《中华航空航天医学杂志》核心作者分析

目的 探讨近年来《中华航空航天医学杂志》发文作者、作者单位及作者地区分布情况,了解该杂志作者科研合作情况,确定其核心作者群、核心作者分布机构及核心作者所在地区. 方法 利用中国人民解放军医学图书馆所开发的中国生物医学期刊引文数据库（Chinese medical citation index,CMCI）及万方生物医学全文数据库,运用文献计量学相关方法,对《中华航空航天医学杂志》2004-2013年所有发文作者发表论文数量、合作论文情况、核心作者分布情况、作者地区分布、作者所在机构和论文多产单位分布等进行统计分析. 结果 《中华航空航天医学杂志》2004-2013年10年间发表论文1 451篇,第1作者人数852人,其中发表论文1篇的作者582人,占第1作者总人数的68.31％.作者合作论文1 317篇,合作率90.76％.医院发表论文489篇,科研院所发表论文421篇,高等院校发表论文213篇.核心作者共124人,发表论文575篇.论文多产单位15个.北京地区发表论文748篇居第1位. 结论 《中华航空航天医学杂志》拥有的作者数量较多,分布较广,合作率较高.其中医院、科研院所和高等院校发文量最多,成为航空航天医学研究的重要组成力量.核心作者撰写的论文数量超过总论文数的一半.表明期刊核心作者群已经完全形成.     

Percutaneous angioscopy in the diagnosis of arteriopathies of the lower limbs

Because of the poor specificity of the arteriography, the authors have performed a percutaneous angioscopy before every angioplasty of the arteries of lower limbs for nearly 3 years. They define the angioscopy and describe materials and technique. The percutaneous route without surgery and without anesthesia underlines the originality of the technique. The great difficulty is to counter-pulse the arterial inflow. The rate of saline irrigation and all the means of arterial blockade are described. In the second part, the "elementary images" are classified. The authors insist on the specificity of the angioscopy in the interpretation of arterial obstructions. Because of this specificity, the right treatment can be applied to any type of lesion. Angioscopy permits to foresee endoluminal surgery technique.     

Thermography findings in the hands in relation to the age of the examined individual

The authors compared thermographic findings of hands in two groups of apprentices (average age 15 and 16 years) with a group of students (average age 21 years) and a group of young workers (average age 29 years). There was a highly significant difference in the number of cold hands before and after vibration test in the apprentices and adults (29 years). The authors arrive at the conclusion that 1) thermoregulation reaches its final shape only after 20 years of age, 2) in the apprensitive thermographic finding must be verified by regular thermographic control examinations.     

Editor and authors' psychology and the chance of teaching

It is the duty of the editor to communicate with the authors who submit their scientific work for publication. The question arises as to the best way to perform this communication. The goal is to publish papers that would make their authors proud and the readers of the journal, satisfied. This goal is expressed with honesty, kindness, politeness, diplomacy and when the editor communicated with authors from other Countries, the advice of a person familiar with the traditions of these Countries may be welcome. The unpleasant editor's duty to inform the authors of their paper being rejected, can be expressed either by writing a brief straight forward letter or by giving a more detailed answer or finally, by explaining to the authors their errors in a detailed manner, in other words, by giving them advice and consultation. In his reply to the authors whose paper has been rejected, the editor may touch a sensitive part of their behavior. Authors may consider their paper as "their intellectual child". Some times authors make unacceptable mistakes that may or may not be revealed by the reviewers. Explaining in detail errors and thus counseling the authors, is hard work for the editor but not always appreciated by the authors. The value of counseling and teaching has been emphasized even by ancient philosophers but nowadays enthusiasm in learning is sometimes lacking. Is there a solution to the above? Perhaps if "the instructions to authors" of a journal specified clearly the "submission terms" for accepting a paper for publication, then the authors could be self-evaluated and perhaps all parties concerned would be happier.     

腰椎间隙感染的影像学诊断价值

笔者报告应用CT、ECT、X线平片和MR诊断椎间隙感染13例。根据本组X线平片所示,将其分为3期:骨质吸收疏松期,骨质破坏期和增生修复期。作者认为尽管x线平片和断层在椎间隙感染的早期敏感性和特异性较低,但仍是一种简单易行的诊断方法。CT能清楚显示病灶的部位。骨扫描对椎间隙感染具有高度的敏感性。MR比X线平片、CT、ECT更准确、更敏感、更有助于早期诊断。     

Vascular imaging in the elderly

Though a myriad of vascular conditions affect the elderly, atherosclerosis remains the most common vascular disorder, followed by venous thromboembolism and varicose veins. In this article, the authors discuss the imaging of atherosclerosis affecting various vascular territories and pay special attention to the elderly population. The authors also discuss imaging findings of segmental arterial mediolysis, giant cell arteritis, and venous thromboembolism.     

Variability of the ultrasonic picture in carcinoma of the breast

The authors performed a retrospective analysis of ultrasonographic findings in 63 female patients with mammary cancer verified by histology. The ultrasonographic examination contributed significantly to the diagnostic results in 16.4% of patients. The ultrasonographic picture of mammary cancer was characteristically variable with the occurrence of various deviations, with prevailing main symptoms of cancer (irregularity of the shape in 81% and the contour in 100%, prevailing low and medium echoes in 97%, irregular distribution of internal echoes in 76.2%, retro-tumorous middle acoustic shade in 63.4%). The authors draw attention to the diagnostic role of individually marked deviations of echographic structure; the importance of careful examination of the formation in different planes in view of the tumour is pointed out, since the symptom of malignant process may be present in only one of them.     

Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of abscesses of the posterior pararenal space secondary to surgical interventions on the abdomen

The authors analyse the possibilities offered by CT in the diagnosis of the abscesses of the posterior pararenal space (secondary to surgical operation) relating 10 cases observed. The features described by many authors in the latest literature are compared with those observed in the cases reported, showing the real diagnostic sensibility of CT in these situations of relative urgency. The panoramic image offered by CT is particularly useful in the "blind " examinations and in exactly directing the surgical approach or, in alternative, the echo-guided percutaneous puncture of the abscess.     

矽肺肺野淋巴组织钙化的X线表现及其临床意义

作者从１０４６例矽肺患者中检出于胸片出现明确矽肺影像前，肺野有淋巴组织钙化１４７例。胸片上表现为圆形或卵圆形，呈空心和实体钙化灶二种改变，直径多在３～６ｍｍ之间。本文着重对这种特殊形态的钙化灶的Ｘ线表现进行动态观察，对其形成的机理、命名、鉴别诊断及其临床意义作简要的分析讨论。认为矽肺肺野淋巴组织钙化是接尘作业工人、０＋及矽肺病人特有的一种早期病理反应，值得引起重视的一种Ｘ线征象。     

Motivation and productivity in the radiology department.

The successful motivation of employees is often seen as a way to reach a maximum level of productivity. The authors attempt to identify the components of personal motivation, define motivation theories, and explore motivation strategies that can be utilized in a radiology department. The purpose is to discover the relationship between motivation and increased productivity. The authors also examine productivity measurement systems currently being used in radiology departments.     

The experience of 183 medical special forces of the Volga-Urals Military District in the elimination of the health effects of the emergency in the Republic of Indonesia

The article is based on personal experience of the authors with assistance in the aftermath of the tsunami in the Republic of Indonesia, which killed about 120 thousand (December 26, 2004 at 255 km to the west coast of Sumatra). In the disaster area were sent to 183 medical detachments for special purposes of the Volga-Urals Military District, reinforced brigade of specialized medical care of military medical institutions under the central government and the Moscow Military District. As the authors noted, in the aftermath of a disaster like the tsunami, at first put forward preventive measures among displaced persons. The experience gained by the Medical Service of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the aftermath of natural disaster in the Republic of Indonesia, is used to plan future humanitarian operations abroad with the assistance of military medical specialists from Russia.     

Computerized tomography in the study of myelopathy in cervical spondylosis

This study involved 107 patients selected according to symptoms and signs of myelopathy due to cervical spondylosis. All patients were examined by high resolution CT without intravenous or intrathecal contrast enhancement. Diagnostic accuracy of CT is discussed with regard to idiopathic and degenerative cervical spinal stenosis. Emphasis is placed on CT findings of ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament. The authors conclude that plain CT may be a reliable method for diagnosing cervical spondylothic myelopathy. Nevertheless the authors stress how intrathecal contrast enhanced CT is far superior to plain CT in the selection of a definitive anterior or lateral surgical approach without a delay.     

Echography of the knee in the hemophiliac

The authors report their experience with ultrasound in the examination of the knee in 60 hemophiliacs over a 2-year period. The results prove US to be extremely useful in the demonstration of the hemarthrosis, as well as the synovial involvement, and the articular cartilage of femoral condyles.     

Value of the Chiba needle in the technique of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. 20 cases. (author's transl)

The authors used the Chiba needle for percutaneous trasphepatic cholangiography in 20 patients. Catheterisation of non-dilated biliary canals is easy with this new piece of equipment, making it possible to confirm or eliminate the presence of an obstruction. There were no severe complications. The authors report a certain number of incidents which were troublesome during the examination and in the interpretation of the results: intraparenchymatous injection, sub-capsular injection, defective filling.     

Well defined masses in the breast

The authors retrospectively reviewed 118 well defined breast masses. Over 9% proved to be neoplastic or to represent lesions that are associated with a greater than normal risk of developing carcinoma. Thirty four examples of well defined masses representing a great variety of lesions are illustrated. The authors conclude that well defined breast masses warrant more careful examination and followup than they presently receive because of the greater than expected incidence of carcinoma and premalignant states.