女性海洛因依赖者性机能和性心理研究

本文对６０名女性海洛因依赖者与５４名健康女性的月经、生育等女性生理机能和性心理及性行为进行调查分析。发现女性海洛因依赖者月经异常率为９５．０％，显著高于对照组６．８％（Ｐ＜０．００１）；海洛因对性欲和性行为影响明显，吸注海洛因成瘾后，３５．０％性欲减退，５８．３％性欲消失；性行为方式：吸毒前９６．７％以性交为主，吸毒成瘾后仅１５．０％以性交为主（Ｐ＜０．００１），８５％以非性交接触为主；海洛因成瘾后性能力明显障碍，性交次数由吸毒前平均４．９±１．６次／周减少至平均０．４±０．２次／周（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结果表明：海洛因对女性生理机能和心理卫生具有明显损害作用。     

海洛因依赖者性心理调查分析

对71例男性海洛因依赖者调查的结果显示,海洛因依赖者性机能出现明显障碍,吸毒前平均每周性交次数5.2±1.7次,成瘾后平均0.3±0.2次(P<0.01),成瘾后性功能障碍发生率大于97%,87%性欲降低或消失;性伴侣60.6%对其性能力和表现不满意,调查结果表明,海洛因对男性发生性机能和性心理损害作用明显。     

海洛因依赖者的乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎感染

目的：了解海洛因依赖得的ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ感染情况，探讨了与感染有关的行为特征。方法：采用ＥＬＩＳＡ法检测了１５２例海洛因依赖者和５６例对照的乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎感染情况，并调查了海洛因依赖者的成瘾史，不洁注射史，性伙伴情况等与肝炎传播有关的行为特征，发现海洛因依赖组与对照组的ＨＢＶ，ＨＣＶ感染率，总感染率，ＨＢＶ感染率，ＨＣＶ的感染率，ＨＢＶ和ＨＣＶ的重叠感染率依次分别为４６．７％，２８．３％，２７．     

海洛因依赖者心理健康状况调查

海洛因依赖者是一组特殊的社会群体 ,他们的心理状态引起了心理工作者的普遍关注。为了解海洛因依赖者的心理健康状况 ,从而更好地配合临床戒毒治疗及为进一步的心理矫正、早期干预、降低复吸率提供依据 ,我们采用ＳＣＬ - 90、ＥＰＱ、社会技持量表、ＳＤＳ、ＳＡＳ对 83例海洛因依赖者进行测评 ,并与70例正常人进行对照分析 ,结果报告如下。1　资料与方法1 1　研究对象1 1 1研究组　 83例病人均为 1998年 10月至 2 0 0 0年 3月在本院自愿住院治疗的海洛因依赖者 ,符合ＣＣＭＤ - 2 -Ｒ阿片类依赖诊断标准 ,测评时在住院12天 ,戒断症状消失…     

女性海洛因依赖劳教人员功能失调性认知初探

目的 :探讨女性海洛因依赖劳教人员的功能失调性认知模式。方法 :以自设一般情况问卷、功能失调性态度问卷 (DAS)、家庭环境量表中文版 (FES -CV)对 16 5例女性海洛因依赖劳教人员进行测评 ,并与 90例正常人或中国常模进行比较。结果 :女性戒毒劳教人员DAS各因子分及总分、FES -CV各因子分 (独立性、娱乐性因子除外 )与正常人群之间均存在显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 )。相关分析显示 ,女性戒毒劳教人员DAS与FES -CV的某些因子间以及DAS的完美化、强制性因子与戒毒次数间存在显著的相关性 (P <0 .0 1或P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :女性海洛因依赖劳教人员存在明显的功能失调性认知模式与不良家庭环境。     

282例海洛因依赖者复吸原因调查分析

目的 探讨海洛因依赖者复吸原因,并分析社会因素、心理因素和戒毒后稽延症状对复吸的影响.方法 采用在北京大学中国药物依赖研究所编制的16项复吸原因问卷,调查282例海洛因依赖者吸毒、脱毒后复吸情况以及影响复吸的三方面因素.结果出现稽延性戒断症状(81.9%)、失眠(75.5%)是产生复吸的主要身体因素;消除心情烦恼(39.0%)、打发无聊时间(34.4%)以及再享受最后一次(32.6%)是产生复吸的主要心理因素;毒友影响(43.3%)、旧的吸毒环境又引发毒瘾(33.7%)是产生复吸的主要社会因素.讨论吸毒者的心理康复是预防复吸最重要工作的之一;加强对戒毒后回归社会人员的管理,建立家庭社区综合康复机制,是预防复吸的重要手段;加大在广大青少年人群中禁毒的宣传力度.     

海洛因依赖者个性特征分析

为了解海洛因依赖者的综合致病因素，我们对１００例海洛因依赖者的社会因素及个性特征进行了分析，结果表明，海洛因依赖形成与个性心理素质及社会环境关系密切。     

海洛因依赖者人格分析

使用艾森克人格自测量有，对滇西地区的海洛因依赖者及对照人群进行研究，结果显示，海洛因依赖者的社交性和活动性低，责任感低、冒险性与冲动性高，负疚感、焦虑及沮丧程度高，其人格主要呈外倾－不稳定上倾中含有重要的内倾因素。本文就人格特点与的关系作一初步探讨。     

海洛因依赖者的神经电生理研究

目的:探讨海洛因依赖者运动诱发电位(MEP),感觉诱发电位(SEP),皮肤交感反应(SSR)检测的临床应用价值。方法:对21例海洛因依赖者和20例正常健康者分别进行MEP、SEP及SSR测定。结果:海洛因依赖者MEP、SEP及SSR与对照组比较有显著性差异。结论:MEP、SEP和SSR异常说明海洛因依赖者神经系统运动、感觉及自主神经传导通路均受到广泛损害,联合应用可提供海洛因依赖者神经系统损害的客观依据。     

112例海洛因依赖者心电图分析

本文通过对112例自愿接受脱毒治疗的海洛因依赖者心电图分析，结果发现，心电图异常改变58例，计82例次，其中主要为窦性心动过缓、T波改变和心律不齐，且与海洛因滥用年限、日滥用量和滥用方法有关．     

海洛因依赖者某些免疫功能指标的初步观察

本文检测分析了30例海洛因依赖者基础免疫水平,结果表明:海洛因对体液免疫和细胞免疫功能均有明显损害作用.海洛因依赖者血清IgA、IgG、IgM 含量低于正常对照组,尤以IgA 为甚(P<0.01);补体C3和C4降低不明显(P>0.05);细胞免疫功能受损显著:与对照组相比T 淋巴细胞转化试验(LTT)、CD3、CD4明显降低(P<0.001或P<0.05)、CD8明显增高(P<0.001)、CD4/CD8比值降低(P<0.001);提示细胞免疫功能处于明显缺陷状态。著者认为,其机制可能与海洛因对胸腺——下丘脑——垂体——肾上腺轴的抑制效应和免疫细胞的直接毒害作用有关。     

Androgens and female sexual function

OBJECTIVES: There is evidence that suggests that androgen might play an important role in different tissues and in modulating sexual response. In women of reproductive age the most important source of androgens present in the blood is the ovary. Androgens complement the contribution of adrenal precursors, which in peripheral organs and target tissue can be transformed into bioactive androgens. The human brain is an important target organ of the sex hormones. The expression in the brain of men and women of estrogenic and/or androgenic receptors (AR) in the cerebral nucleus, especially the hypothalamus, whose important participation in the regulation of the secretion of gonadotrophins, sexual motivation and sexual response is well documented by experimental research on animals and is being verified by studies on functional neuroimaging in humans. METHODS AND RESULTS: The two pivotal studies that have served for acceptance of the testosterone patch as therapy for hypoactive sexual desire by the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products (EMEA) have been The Intimate Study (SM1) and The Intimate Study (SM2). The data on the efficiency of these studies have therefore been clear and positive; the side effects have also been studied and were found in general to be the same as those of the placebo group. CONCLUSION: There are certain limitations in the studies that are currently being evaluated. Studies with androgens alone and androgens plus estrogens in the natural menopause are ongoing at present.     

cAMP levels in monocytes of heroin addicts

Summary Intravenous heroin addicts have a high intracellular cAMP level in relation to control monocytes. Incubation in vitro with ascorbic acid normalizes the cellular content of cAMP. We discuss the role of cAMP in the pathogenesis of defective monocyte chemotaxis in intravenous heroin addicts.Abbreviations cAMP adenosine 3:5-cyclic monophosphate - IDAs intravenous drug abusers - PBS phosphate buffered saline - EDTA ethyldiaminotetraacetic - cGMP guanosine 3-5-cyclic monophosphate - CNS central Nervous System     

A new grading system for female sexual dysfunction based on the female sexual function index in Egyptian women: a cross-sectional study

ObjectiveTo provide a grading system that accurately reflects the grades of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) severity.Patients and methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in Assiut University Hospital. It included 500 women who answered the Arabic version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) after getting their consent. A gradient of FSD severity was created, classifying FSD into five grades: severe, moderate, mild to moderate, mild, and no FSD.ResultsAccording to our grading system, FSD was detected in 339 women (67.8 %); Mild FSD in 20.4%, mild to moderate in 41.6%, moderate in 15.3%, and severe in 22.7%. Mean scores of desire show a linear trend of reduction from 3.8 in mild to 3.36 in mild to moderate to 2.25 in moderate and markedly reduced to 2.1 in severe grade. This difference was highly statistically significant (p= 0.002). The same was reported in arousal, orgasm, and satisfaction domains, while in lubrication and pain domains, the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionIn this study, our grading system was complementary to the FSFI. Moreover, it seems to be more practical and useful in grading the severity of FSD.     

海洛因依赖者对毒品、非毒品信息记忆的对比研究

目的 探讨海洛因成瘾病人对毒品、非毒品信息记忆的差异。方法 图片的学习、内隐记忆和再认。结果对毒品图片的判断,无论是学习过的图片还是新图片,正确量大,反应时长。结论 毒品、非毒品信息对海洛因成瘾病人具有不同的意义,对毒品信息的反应更强,保持时间更长。     

Olfaction and sexual receptivity in the female golden hamster

Apparently olfaction is not necessary for the appearance of female sexual receptivity in the golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus). Cycling females with olfactory bulb lesions or zinc sulfate induced anosmia showed normal levels of lordosis behavior in response to a male. Following copulation these females showed depressions in receptivity and increases in fighting behavior equivalent to those of control females. However, these postcopulatory depressions were not as great in females receiving the anesthetic barbituate, sodium methohexital. Also noted were disruptions in cyclicity in some bulbectomized females.     

Neonatal decortication and adult female sexual behavior

Neonatal lesions of the cerebral cortex in female rats did not eliminate female sexual behavior as measured by lordosis. However, lordosis in response to prolonged low levels of estradiol benzoate (1.0 μg/day for 6 days) was attenuated in lesioned females. Following estradiol benzoate plus progesterone (0.5 mg) treatment the probability of lordosis increased markedly in the decorticate females, but still remained below control levels. Decorticate females were mounted by the male at least as often as control females. Hopping and darting and rejection behaviors on the part of the female were virtually eliminated in the decorticate group. However, these females continued to direct sniffing behavior toward the male at levels above those of the controls.     

Psychosocial stress enhances non-drug-related positive memory retrieval in male abstinent heroin addicts

Stress exposure in addicted individuals is known to provoke drug craving, presumably through a memory-like process, but less is known about the effects of stress on non-drug-related affective memory retrieval per se in such individuals, which is likely to provide important insights into therapy for relapse. In present study, we explored the effect of stress on retrieval of neutral and emotionally valenced (positive and negative) words in abstinent heroin addicts. In present study, 28 male inpatient abstinent heroin addicts and 20 sex-, age-, education- and economic status-matched healthy control participants were assessed for 24 h delayed recall of valenced and neutral word lists on two occasions 4 weeks apart—once in a nonstress control condition, once after exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test in a counterbalanced design. In addition, attention, working memory, blood pressure, heart rate and salivary cortisol were assessed. We found acute stress at the time of word list recall enhanced retrieval of positively valenced words, but no effect on negative and neutral word retrieval in abstinent heroin addicts was observed. No changes were detected for attention and working memory. The stressor induced a significant increase in salivary free cortisol, blood pressure and heart rate. Stress can enhance non-drug-related positive memory in abstinent heroin addicts. Our findings will provide richer information in understanding dysregulation of their emotional memory processing under stress and hopefully provide insight into designing improved treatments for drug addiction.     

广州市年轻女性流动人口性行为知信行现状调查

目的了解广州市年轻女性流动人口性行为知信行现状,为今后女性流动人口健康性行为的指导提供科学依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,在广州市黄埔区劳动密集型工厂中随机抽取8家,对18～29岁非广州籍女性工人进行问卷调查。结果 1374名调查对象中,性健康知识平均得分为（61.57±26.02）分,及格率为56.6%。多因素分析发现,文化程度低、未婚、未接受过生殖健康信息或服务者性健康知识及格率低。婚前性行为的发生率为21.1%,年龄大、未接受过生殖健康信息或服务者更有可能发生婚前性行为。在过去6个月有过性行为的661名调查对象中,3.9%存在多性伴侣,17.2%存在非意愿性行为,14.5%未采取避孕措施。在有过性行为的785名调查对象中,8.5%在过去1年中发生人工流产。结论流动女工知识和行为分离现象严重,虽然性健康知识掌握情况较好,但婚前性行为发生率高,高危性行为和人工流产比例较高。