儿童系统性红斑狼疮26例临床分析

目的 探讨儿童系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的临床特点.方法 对26例儿童SLE患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,分析其临床表现、辅助检查结果等临床特征及误诊率.结果 男女比例1∶4.2,平均年龄12.6岁.26例患者首发症状中发热、乏力和体质量减轻等非特异性症状占42.3%,皮肤黏膜表现占26+.9%,关节肌肉症状占26.9%.脏器受累中肾脏损害占69.2%,皮肤、黏膜损害占38.5%,骨骼肌肉受累占34.6%,血液系统损害占26.9%.10例在疾病早期曾有误诊,误诊率达38.5%.ANA、dsDNA阳性率分别为88.5%与69.2%,C3降低为61.5%,血沉增快为76.9%.结论 儿童SLE典型初发症状主要为不明原因的发热、皮疹、关节痛和体质量减轻.器官受累以肾脏最为常见,其次为皮肤、黏膜,再次为骨骼肌肉系统及血液系统.该病临床表现多样且多不典型,易误诊.多系统受累表现、免疫指标检查以及血常规、血沉、尿液检查等异常有助于提示诊断.     

以血液系统损害为首发表现的狼疮肾炎17例分析

肾脏是系统性红斑狼疮 (ＳＬＥ)常累及的脏器 ,狼疮肾炎的发生几乎占ＳＬＥ患者的１００% ［１］。狼疮肾炎时常伴贫血、白细胞数(ＷＢＣ)减少或血小板数 (ＢＰＣ)减少 ,甚至全血细胞减少。有时血液系统损害先于狼疮肾炎发生而为ＳＬＥ首发症状或主要表现［２］。本文报道以血液系统损害为首发表现的１７例狼疮肾炎 ,以对其临床、病理及预后进行分析。１．一般资料 :１７例以血液系统损害为首发表现的狼疮肾炎患者来源于本院内科住院的８７例狼疮肾炎伴血液系统损害者。年龄２２～７５岁 ,平均４０．９±１４．３岁 ;女性１３例 ,男性４例。…     

系统性红斑狼疮首发症状及误诊分析

目的调查系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）的首发症状和误诊情况,并分析误诊原因。方法收集在2家医院确诊的SLE患者258例,通过面对面询问调查的方法,获得患者的首发症状和误诊情况,并从患者的首发症状及误诊时的检查等方面分析误诊原因。结果 258例患者中有127例（49.2%）曾被误诊,平均误诊时间是（4.2±2.2）月,其中单次误诊66例（52.0%）,多次误诊61例（48.0%）。以发热、关节肌肉症状为首发症状误诊率56.3%（63/112）;皮肤黏膜损害为首发症状误诊率为45.9%（28/61）;肾脏损害为首发症状误诊率为24.2%（8/33）;血液系统损害为首发症状误诊率为41.4%（12/29）;消化系统损害为首发症状误诊率为58.3%（7/12）;其他系统损害为首发症状误诊率为81.2%（9/11）。常见误诊的疾病为：类风湿性关节炎,风湿性关节炎,肾病综合征,肾炎,上呼吸道感染,白细胞减少症,多形性红斑,日光性皮炎,脂溢性皮炎,过敏性紫癜等。结论 SLE误诊普遍存在,患者首发症状无特异性、多种多样、错综复杂、无固定模式是构成SLE早期误诊的主要原因。     

系统性红斑狼疮48例临床分析

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮住院患者的，临床特点。方法对48例系统性红斑狼疮住院患者进行回顾性分析。结果小于35岁者占90％。以皮肤、关节损害为首发表现者占58％，以肾脏损害为首发表现者占17％。入院后都给予糖皮质激素或糖皮质激素联合应用环磷酰胺（细胞毒药物）。显效21％，有效75％，总有效率约96％。结论系统性红斑狼疮发病年龄高峰在15—35岁，首发表现以肾外损害多见。规范化应用肾上腺糖皮质激素联合免疫抑制剂治疗疗效良好。     

以脑梗死为首发表现的系统性红斑狼疮1例

1临床资料 系统性红斑狼疮（systemic lupus erythematosus,SLE）临床表现差异较大,早期症状不典型,包括发热、皮损、血液系统和神经系统改变、肾脏损害、多发性浆膜腔积液等,其中25％患者累及中枢神经系统,以神经系统弥漫性损伤为主。但以缺血性卒中为首发症状的SLE少见。本文报道1例以基底节区梗死为首发症状的SLE。     

系统性红斑狼疮误诊分析

目的提高对系统性红疵狼疮的认识和诊断水平。方法对82例系统性红斑狼疮患者临床表现误诊情况进行回顾性分析。结果82例系统性红斑狼疮中30例误诊,误诊率达36．6％。结论系统性红斑狼疮临床表现多样,早期症状不典型,误诊率高,误诊时间长短不一。临床医师应提高对系统性红斑狼疮的认识,对各种临床表现综合分析,及时做相关检验,可以减少系统性红斑狼疮的误诊。     

系统性红斑狼疮一例临床分析

系统性红斑狼疮一例临床分析那坡县人民医院李风雪，梁伟红斑狼疮系一种自体免疫性疾病，临床分为慢性盘状狼疮和系统性红斑狼疮。病因和发病原理尚不清楚。系统性红斑狼疮除有皮肤损害外，还可有肾脏、心脏、神经和消化系统等多器官功能损害。笔者于１９９２年３月曾遇到...     

易误诊的几种早期特殊表现狼疮的临床分析

目的 研究系统性红斑狼疮的早期表现,加深对系统性红斑狼疮的认识,提高早期确诊率。方法 回顾性分析12例系统性红斑狼疮患者特殊首发症状及早期临床资料。结果 系统性红斑狼疮首发临床表现多样,可为紫癜、血管炎、肾脏症状、关节症状、血液系统症状、神经症状等。结论系统性红斑狼疮患者临床表现错综复杂,首发症状无固定模式,要提高对本病的认识,积极进行相关的检查,提高早期确诊率。     

儿童过敏性紫癜56例临床分析

目的：总结和分析小儿过敏性紫癜（HSP）的临床特点及诊治。方法：对56例患儿临床资料回顾性分析。结果：男女发病比率为1．55：1，50％的患儿发病前有明确的上呼吸道感染史，100％的患儿有皮肤紫癜，57．1％的患儿有肾脏损害，53．6％有消化道症状，32．1％有关节症状。结论：HSP好发于冬春季节，男孩发病多于女孩，以学龄儿童为主，上呼吸道感染是其主要发病诱因，HSP受累器官主要为皮肤、肾脏、消化道和关节，以消化道症状为首发症状时易误诊，肾脏损害的严重程度决定该病预后，对肾脏损害较重者需积极治疗。     

系统性红斑狼疮32例血液学改变

<正> 系统性红狼疮(Systemic lupus erthe-matosus,SLE)常侵犯多器官,血液学改变的发生率也很高,也有以血液系统损害为首发症状,易造成误诊。现就我院10年来收治的32例SLE患者血液系统改变分析如下。 临床资料1 一般资料 男4例,女28例,年龄6～54岁,平均26.9岁。 2 临床表现 32例均有不同程度的贫血症状和体征。有明显出血者7例中6例为皮肤、粘膜出血,1例消化道出血,做胃镜报告“出血性胃炎”,在贫血加重出现黄疸及神经系症状时确诊。2例以血小板少为首发症状,诊断为原发性血小板减少性紫癜,分别在6月、2年后确诊。4例出现明显溶血表现,Coombs试验强阳性,其中1例以溶血性贫血为首发症状,治疗后     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.