CD44粘附分子及p53蛋白与星形细胞瘤的预后

目的：探讨CD44粘附分子、p53蛋白在星形细胞瘤中的表达与肿瘤病理分级和预后间的关系。方法：采用免疫组化SABC法检测65例确诊并有随访的星形细胞瘤患者的病理切片中CD44粘附分子和p53蛋白的表达。结果：CD44粘附分子及p53蛋白阳性表达率分别为72％（47／65例）和38％（25／65例），在不同病理级别的肿瘤中有显著差异（P＜0．01）。65例星形细胞瘤中CD44和p53均阳性表达的有20例（31％），这20例病例与13例CD44粘附分子、p53蛋白表达均阴性病例32例CD44粘附分子或p53蛋白单一阳性表达的病例的1a和3a存活率均有显著差异（P＜0．01）。结论：CD44粘附分子和p53蛋白阳性检出率有助于判断星形细胞瘤恶性程度及预测肿瘤预后。     

脑胶质瘤抑瘤基因p53、p16缺失、变异与肿瘤恶性程度的相关性

目的：探索肿瘤抑制基因ｐ５３、ｐ１６缺失、变异与肿瘤恶性程度的关系。方法：对３１例脑胶质瘤的原发肿瘤标本行ｐ５３、ｐ１６蛋白检测，用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法。结果：星形细胞瘤Ⅰ级１７例中，ｐ１６１０例表达３０％以下，７例不表达，ｐ５３４例表达３０％以下，１３例不表达；星形细胞瘤Ⅱ级９例中，ｐ１６１例表达３０％以下，８例不表达，ｐ５３３例表达３０％以下，１例表达３０％～６０％，５例不表达；星形细胞瘤Ⅲ级２例，ｐ１６均不表达，ｐ５３１例表达３０％以下，１例表达３０％～６０％；星形细胞瘤Ⅳ级３例，ｐ１６均不表达，ｐ５３表达均在３０％～６０％。结论：ｐ５３失活主要见于恶性胶质瘤和恶性发展中的胶质瘤，肿瘤的恶性程度越高，ｐ５３蛋白失活越严重。偏良性的胶质瘤ｐ５３呈轻度阳性表达时，提示肿瘤可能处于早期恶性变过程中。ｐ１６缺失主要见于星形细胞瘤Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级等恶性胶质瘤。     

p16蛋白在人脑星形细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究p16蛋白在人脑星形细胞瘤发病和预后的关系。方法：用SP免疫组化法观察星形细胞瘤中p16蛋白的表达情况。结果：p16在39例星形细胞瘤中表达的缺失率为71．8％，并且缺失率随星形细胞瘤恶性程度的增加而升高。术后各观察期内复发病例中p16蛋白缺失率明显高于未复发病例（P＜0．05）。结论：p16蛋白表达的缺失与星形细胞瘤的发生有较密切的关系，在一定程度上可以提示它的恶性程度及预后。     

星形细胞瘤中端粒酶和P53蛋白的表达与意义

目的：研究星形细胞瘤中端粒酶基因与P53蛋白的表达，探讨其在星形细胞瘤诊断和预后中的临床意义。方法：收集经手术切除及病理证实的星形细胞瘤86例标本，8例正常脑组织作对照。用端粒酶原位杂交检测试剂盒检测组织标本端粒酶基因。用SABC法检测P53蛋白的表达。结果：星形细胞瘤中端粒酶基因和P53蛋白的阳性检出率分别为44．2％（38／86）和62．8％（54／86），且随着肿瘤恶性程度的增加，端粒酶基因表达强度升高（P＜0．01），端粒酶表达与P53蛋白表达强度无明显相关性（P＞0．05）。正常组织中未检测出端粒酶基因。结论：端粒酶基因与星形细胞瘤的分化程度有关，可作为星形细胞瘤恶性程度的重要标记物，而P53蛋白可能对端粒酶基因的表达无直接影响。     

P53蛋白在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及与增殖的关系(附39例检测结果分析)

目的：观察Ｐ５３蛋白及增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）在人脑胶质瘤中的表达情况，探讨Ｐ５３蛋白表达与人脑胶质瘤的增殖活性和临床病理类型之间的关系。方法：采用免疫组化ＳＰ法对３９例人脑胶质瘤石蜡标本中Ｐ５３蛋白及ＰＣＮＡ进行检测。结果：在３９例胶质瘤中１３例观察到了Ｐ５３蛋白表达。Ｐ５３蛋白阳性表达在星形细胞瘤、间变性星形细胞瘤和胶质母细胞瘤中分别为１８７％、４５４％和７１％。Ｐ５３蛋白表达与增殖细胞核抗原阳性率密切相关。结论：Ｐ５３蛋白的表达与胶质瘤的病理类型、恶性程度和增殖活性相关。在常规石蜡包埋标本中，使用免疫组化法检测Ｐ５３蛋白的表达情况，对肿瘤的预后评估具有积极的参考价值     

复发性星形细胞瘤中p16蛋白及PCNA的表达及意义

目的探讨p16蛋白和PCNA在复发性星形细胞瘤中的表达及意义,并观察其复发前后的临床病理变化。方法应用免疫组化EnVision二步法对48例星形细胞瘤的原友及复发标本进行p16蛋白和PCNA检测。并运用常规HE染色,观察其病理形态改变。结果418例星形细胞瘤均呈弥漫性浸润生长。复发后恶性程度多有增高,恶性程度与复发间隔时间有关,间隔时间越短,恶性程度越高,〈6个月5例,均为Ⅳ级,6个月-1年11例,其中Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级7例,-2年21例,其中Ⅱ级6例,Ⅲ级15例,-3年10例,均为Ⅱ级,1例间隔时间〉3年,为Ⅱ级。免疫表型p16蛋白在48例复发性星形细胞瘤中的表达缺失率为75．0％,原发标本为56．3％,两者差异有显著性（P〈0．05）,并且缺失率随星形细胞肿瘤恶性程度增加而升高。PCNA阳性表达指数在复发标本中明显高于原发标本,两者差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。p16蛋白与PCNA的阳性表达呈负相关。结论浸润性生长及术后容易复发是其主要临床病理特征。星形细胞瘸在恶性增殖过程中发生p16蛋白缺失和肿瘤活性PCNA指数的逐渐增高,可作为评估肿瘤复发的标志。     

人脑星形细胞瘤中p53,bcl—2基因表达的研究

目的：探讨p53,bcl-2基因在人脑星形细胞瘤发生发展中的作用。以及上述基因蛋白检测对星形细胞瘤的诊断,分级的临床意义。方法：采用免疫组化S－P染色法对47例人脑星形细胞瘤组织蜡块标本进行p53,bcl-2基因蛋白检测。结果：47例脑星形细胞瘤中p53,bcl-2蛋白的阳性率分别为48．9％（23／47）,57．4％（27／46）,其中多形性胶质母细胞瘤的p53基因蛋白阳性水平高于星行细胞瘤,而bcl-2蛋白阳性水平则是星行细胞瘤高于多形性胶质母细胞瘤。结论：p53,bcl-2基因的异常表达与人脑星形细胞瘤的发生,发展有密切关系,对星形细胞瘤的病理分级和预后判断有积极的意义。     

增殖细胞核抗原和p53蛋白表达与星形细胞瘤增殖调控的关系

目的 探讨星形细胞瘤中增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）和p53蛋白表达增殖调控的关系。方法 采用免疫组化ABC法检测40例星形细胞瘤组织中PCNA和p53蛋白表达情况,分析二者与肿瘤细胞增殖调控的关系。结果 PCNA的表达率,Ⅰ-Ⅱ级78.3%,Ⅲ-Ⅳ级94.1%;p53蛋白的表达率,Ⅰ-Ⅱ级43.5%,Ⅲ-Ⅳ级64.7%;PCNA表达强度与p53蛋白表达强度之间呈正相关关系。结论 PCNA和p53是参与星形细胞瘤细胞增殖调控的重要基因。联合检测两者在星形细胞瘤中表达的变化可以判断肿瘤的增殖情况和恶性程度,对指导星形细胞瘤的治疗具有重要意义。     

增殖细胞核抗原和p53蛋白表达与星形细胞瘤增殖调控的关系

目的探讨星形细胞瘤中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)和p53蛋白表达与增殖调控的关系。方法采用免疫组化ABC法检测40例星形细胞瘤组织中PCNA和p53蛋白表达情况,分析二者与肿瘤细胞增殖调控的关系。结果PCNA的表达率:Ⅰ~Ⅱ级78.3%,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级94.1%;p53蛋白的表达率:Ⅰ~Ⅱ级43.5%,Ⅲ~Ⅳ级64.7%;PCNA表达强度与p53蛋白表达强度之间呈正相关关系。结论PCNA和p53是参与星形细胞瘤细胞增殖调控的重要基因,联合检测两者在星形细胞瘤中表达的变化可以判断肿瘤的增殖情况和恶性程度,对指导星形细胞瘤的治疗具有重要意义。     

基质金属蛋白酶及其抑制剂在星形细胞瘤中的表达及意义

目的：研究基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）及基质金属蛋白酶制剂（TMPs）在星形细胞瘤中表达的相互关系及与星形细胞瘤恶性程度的关系，方法：57例星开细胞瘤标本，低级别星形细胞瘤（Ⅰ级星开细胞瘤加Ⅱ级星开细胞瘤）27例，高级别星形细胞瘤（Ⅲ级星开细胞瘤加Ⅳ级星形细胞瘤）30例。正常对照脑组织标本8例。采用免疫组化SP法染色。计算平均阳性率即LI（labeling index），统计结果用“SSPS for indows”软件包分析。结果：低级别星形细胞瘤与高级别星形细胞MMPs 表达差异有显性意义（P＜0．391）。结论：基质金属蛋白酶MMPs的表达与星形细胞瘤恶性程度密切相关。MMPs与TIMPs表达的平衡亦和星形细胞瘤恶性程度密切相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.