军队医院战备药材保障问题探讨

本文分析现代战争中战备药材保障的特点,结合本院多年执行药材保障任务的实际经验,总结战备药材供应保障中存在的问题,并提出相应的对策.军队医院战备药材保障需要提高战备药材储备的针对性、合理优化战备药材结构、建立药材模块化保障模式、根据实际改进药材装具、将信息化管理技术引入药材保障管理系统等.军队医院战备药材供应保障是一项需要长期坚持的工作,并应根据现代战争对战伤救治的需求,不断改进保障供应的模式,提升保障供应的水平质量.     

关于军队药材主渠道供应的几个问题

为加强全军药材供应管理工作，总后勤部于1997年10月下发丁《关于加强军队药材供应管理的意见》，随后．总后卫生部下发了《关于贯彻落实<意见>的通知》，为了在药材供应管理中统一认识、积极推进军队药材供应改革，结合件精神，现就药材供应工作的几个问题简述如下：     

地震医疗救援中的药材保障

本文结合军队医院在抗震救灾中药材保障的做法,提出要加强药材战备储备管理,调整战备药材标准,制订多种保障方案,培养药师综合素质,增强军队医院灾害救援药事保障服务能力。     

加强军队药材供应站建设坚持军队药材"主渠道"供应

军队药材供应站是军队药材供应保障的主力军，其建设水平的高低直接影响着军事斗争卫勤准备的成败。坚持军队药材主渠道供应是军队后勤保障的需要，是保证军队药材供应质量的主要手段和弥补军队卫生事业费不足的有效途径。作者结合工作实践认为，通过强化服务保障及战备意识、坚持质优价廉、加强管理监控等措施．逐步完善主渠道供应职能，为军事斗争卫勤准备打好基础。     

军队中小医院药材管理分析

药材供应管理作为部队医疗和卫勤保障的一部分,在维护官兵健康、巩固和提高战斗力方面发挥了积极作用。随着我军大联勤体制改革的不断深入,军队中小医院承担的任务也发生了相应的变化,面对新情况、新问题,应认真研究,积极探索,探寻好的模式,完善军队中小医院药材管理,让部队的官兵切实感受到军队医院姓军为兵的服务综旨。     

军队医院遂行非战争军事行动药材保障模式

本文从军队医院遂行非战争军事行动药材保障实践出发,结合医院近年来执行抗震救灾、国际维和、国庆阅兵、野营训练、部队演练、边防巡诊等非战争军事行动药材保障情况,探索“集中管理、分级储备、库房社会化、药房超市化、”等一套提高药材保障能力的新模式,为军队医院遂行非战争军事行动提供的支撑,提升医院遂行非战争军事行动药材保障能力.     

军队药学勤务再定义

目前，对军队药学勤务尚无明确定义，一般来说是指军队药学业务工作，其首要任务是策划、贮存、供应军队为完成战伤救治、疾病防治、防疫保健等任务所需要的药品、医疗器械和卫生材料。军队药材供应管理学就是我军研究药材供应的学科。本文通过对美军平战时药学勤务改革的分析，提出我军药学勤务定义是为完成军队战伤救治、疾病防治、防疫保健等任务所提供的药学服务，并明确了药学勤务今后的发展方向。     

军队医院卫生战备信息系统先期研究

目的设计军队医院卫生战备信息系统。方法利用多种技术,实现系统的任务分析、分队管理、药材装备、文书管理、战备训练、平转战、信息查询、初始设置和系统维护等模块功能。结果实现了军队医院卫生战备工作管理、训练与考核的自动化,提高了军队医院卫生战备工作管理、训练的效率和水平。结论研制的系统适应目前军队医院卫生战备建设和训练需要。     

坚持药品主渠道供应 促进药政管理综合建设

主渠道药品供应是《中国人民解放军平时药品供应管理办法》以下简称《管理办法》及其“实施细则”中对军队医院药品供应采取“以总后勤部和各大军区药材供应管理部门为主的‘直供式’药品供应方法”,目的是确保部队医院使用药品的数量和质量,确保用药安全,防止假劣药品流入部队,防止药品经营单位不正当竞争所造成的种种经济违法、违纪现象的发生。我校系解放军总后直属高等医学院校,地处广州,     

后勤保障社会化 物资管理新方法

为探索市场经济条件下军队后勤保障社会化，本文介绍了医院物资管理采取统一采购、统一管理，统一供应，统一核算的管理方法；并进行了总结，为后勤保障社会化提供经验。     

医疗服务操作分类与编码的设计与应用简

医疗服务操作分类与编码是医学信息标准化的重要组成部分,是临床数据提取、分析和应用的基础。世界卫生组织及世界多国一直致力于开发、更新和维护此分类与编码。我国此前一直沿袭美国准备在2014年停止使用的ICD-9-CM-3（卷3）,中国需要结合国际主流设计思路,根据国情开发出适宜的多轴、一体化的医疗服务操作分类与编码体系。     

Adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus and drinking water and dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite

We conducted a population-based case-control study of adenocarcinoma of the stomach and esophagus in Nebraska, U.S.A. Nitrate concentrations in public drinking water supplies were linked to residential water source histories. Among those using private wells at the time of the interview, we measured nitrate levels in water samples from wells. Dietary nitrate and nitrite were estimated from a food-frequency questionnaire. Among those who primarily used public water supplies (79 distal stomach, 84 esophagus, 321 controls), average nitrate levels were not associated with risk (highest versus lowest quartile: stomach OR=1.2, 95% CI [0.5-2.7]; esophagus OR=1.3, 95% CI [0.6-3.1]). We observed the highest ORs for distal stomach cancer among those with higher water nitrate ingestion and higher intake of processed meat compared with low intakes of both; however, the test for positive interaction was not significant (p=0.213). We did not observe this pattern for esophagus cancer. Increasing intake of nitrate and nitrite from animal sources was associated with elevated ORs for stomach cancer and with a significant positive trend in risk of esophagus cancer (P-trend=0.325 and 0.015, respectively). Larger studies with higher exposures to drinking water sources of nitrate are warranted to further evaluate N-nitroso compound precursors as risk factors for these cancers.     

Drinking water and dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite and risk of glioma

OBJECTIVE: Dietary nitrite has been associated with increased glioma risk; however, drinking water nitrate has not been extensively evaluated. METHODS: We conducted a population-based case-control study of adult glioma in Nebraska. Water utility nitrate measurements were linked to residential water source histories. We computed average nitrate exposure over a 20-year period. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary nitrate and nitrite. RESULTS: Increasing quartiles of the average nitrate level in drinking water were not significantly associated with risk (adjusted odd ratios: 1.4, 1.2, 1.3). Risk was similar among those with both higher and lower intakes of vitamin C, an inhibitor of N-nitroso compound formation. Dietary nitrite intake was not associated with risk. CONCLUSIONS: Our study does not support a role for drinking water and dietary sources of nitrate and nitrite in risk of adult glioma.     

黄体功能不健的调控机理

主要就引起卵巢黄体功能不健的因素 ,分别从激素调节、细胞因子 (VEGF、TNF α、BFGF、IFN γ、IGF)、C myc、Fas、SGP 2基因调控以及细胞连接、细胞粘附分子、NO等对卵巢功能的调节及对黄体细胞的凋亡影响进行阐述 ,认为卵泡发育不良、颗粒细胞、黄体细胞的凋亡与黄体功能不足有密切的关系。且多种细胞因子、基因表达产物参与此过程的调控。深入的研究这一调控机制 ,对于进一步了解卵巢卵泡生长发育、卵泡闭锁及黄体细胞凋亡的内在机制有重要意义     

环境中双酚A的污染及降解去除的研究进展

近10年来随着科学与社会的发展,环境雌激素污染日益引起人们的关注。双酚A是环境雌激素的一种,用途广泛,但具有多方面的毒性。对其毒理、污染及降解去除的研究已经成为国际上的研究热点。该文拟对上述几方面的研究进展情况作一简要介绍。     

浸润性和转移性膀胱癌的诊断和评价

一、膀胱癌的分级与分期 1.膀胱癌的组织学类型:尿路被覆的上皮统称为尿路上皮(urothelium).传统上将尿路上皮称为移行上皮(transitional epithelium).目前在文献和习惯上这两个名词常常被交替使用.膀胱癌的组织学类型包括尿路上皮癌、鳞状细胞癌和腺癌,其次还有较少见的转移性癌、小细胞癌和癌肉瘤等.     

Absorption and excretion of cholecalciferol and of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and metabolites in birds

The absorption and excretion in vivo of cholecalciferol or 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-HCC) were determined in chicks (Gallus domesticus) and turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). The overall net cholecalciferol or 25-HCC absorption in chicks and cholecalciferol in turkey poults was 66.5 +/- 3.3, 74.9 +/- 3.7 and 83.6 +/- 7.1% of the intake, respectively. The absorption of cholecalciferol or 25-HCC in chicks and turkeys occurred at the upper part of the intestine. 25-HCC, esters and non-polar metabolites of cholecalciferol or 25-HCC, and their polar metabolites, were secreted in the duodenum of chicks and turkeys but were partially reabsorbed at the upper part of the jejunum.