游离腓骨瓣重建下颌骨术后对称性的CBCT评价

目的 应用CBCT观察数字化辅助游离腓骨瓣重建下颌骨术后的下颌骨对称性变化。方法 选取数字化辅助游离腓骨瓣重建下颌骨节段性骨缺损的患者13例,记录患者术后3、6、12个月的临床观察指标,并应用invivo5.0软件对数据进行三维重建,测量颌面硬组织及下颌骨线距、角度,利用SPSS 25.0分析患者术后不同时间点的下颌骨对称性。结果 术后3、6、12个月,手术侧颞下颌关节后间隙和上间隙均大于非手术侧（P<0.05）;术后12个月,非手术侧下颌骨体线距及下颌骨升支角度大于手术侧（P<0.05）。结论 CBCT可作为评估游离腓骨瓣重建下颌骨术后对称性的有效手段,重建术后临床效果满意,但远期手术侧髁状突出现前下移位,下颌骨对称性出现差异。     

游离腓骨肌皮瓣及CT血管造影术在下颌骨缺损重建中的应用

目的:探讨游离腓骨肌皮瓣及CT血管造影(CTA)技术在重建下颌骨缺损中应用。方法:10例下颌骨术后缺损拟行游离腓骨肌皮瓣重建,术前常规行下肢CTA检查,重建钛板预成形,进行游离腓骨肌皮瓣下颌骨重建。结果:术前CTA检查顺利,10例中1例胫后动脉缺如,腓动脉代替胫后动脉,放弃腓骨肌皮瓣重建。9例游离腓骨肌皮瓣均成活(成功率100%),下颌骨外形及功能满意。结论:腓骨肌皮瓣可提供足够软、硬组织量,是下颌骨复合缺损修复的较好供体;CTA技术在游离腓骨肌皮瓣重建下颌骨缺损术前供区评价选择、手术设计等方面具有很好的应用价值。     

CAD/CAM技术在游离腓骨瓣移植重建下颌骨中的应用

目的:探讨在游离腓骨瓣移植重建下颌骨中应用CAD/CAM技术的方法,并尝试将计算机中的辅助设计准确的转化为手术中的实际操作.方法:为8 位下颌骨缺损患者进行了CAD/CAM血管化游离腓骨瓣移植修复,通过螺旋CT扫描获取缺损区及腓骨的数据,在软件中进行缺损区修复的模拟设计,在此基础上完成手术辅助导板的设计,利用快速成型机加工制作出导板实物,利用导板顺利的完成手术.结果:术中移植腓骨截取长度合适,截骨、塑形、定位速度明显加快,术后患者面部外形两侧对称,影像学检查显示下颌骨缺损区域的重建形态及固位良好.结论:游离腓骨瓣移植修复下颌骨缺损中应用CAD/CAM技术,能够降低手术难度,缩短手术时间,提高手术质量,保证手术效果.     

游离腓骨肌(皮)瓣在下颌骨缺损修复重建中的应用

目的总结游离腓骨肌(皮)瓣一期重建下颌骨节段性缺损的方法、经验和临床效果。方法对11例下颌骨节段性缺损的患者同期采用游离腓骨瓣进行重建,其中腓骨肌瓣6例,腓骨肌皮瓣5例。对术后供区和受区的功能和外形进行评价,分析总结临床方法和经验。结果11例血管化游离腓骨肌(皮)瓣移植全部成功,所有病例供区伤口均一期愈合,供区下肢均无明显功能障碍,患者术后面部外形对称,张口度3.5～4.2cm。结论游离腓骨肌(皮)瓣是重建下颌骨节段性缺损的理想方法。     

血管化腓骨瓣修复涉及髁突下颌骨缺损的临床应用

目的:对累及髁突的不同类型下颌骨缺损采用游离腓骨瓣修复的方法、经验进行总结。方法:2001年10月-2004年10月,53例累及下颌升支上部的颌骨良性病损,行下颌骨切除后采用游离腓骨瓣进行下颌骨重建,分别采用了腓骨代替髁突法(30例)、游离髁突法(7例)及保留髁突法(16例)3种方法进行下颌骨缺损修复重建。分析总结临床方法经验,并对患者术后外形和功能进行临床评价。结果:本组血管化游离腓骨瓣移植成活率98.1%(52/53);41例患者术后随访,进行了临床检查及外形、功能评价,经Fisher检验,腓骨替代髁突组、游离髁突组及保留髁突组患者在术后外形和进食、语音功能上无显著差别。结论:3种不同髁突处理方法进行游离腓骨瓣下颌骨缺损重建,在临床上实用可行,可依据患者病损的具体情况选用。     

血管化腓骨游离移植重建下颌骨缺损及同期种植体植入

目的：介绍血管化腓骨游离移植即刻重建下颌骨缺损并同期植入牙种植体的方法。方法：对2例下颌骨造釉细胞瘤骨缺损行血管化腓骨游离移植重建，于术中同期植入Frialit-2台阶柱状牙种植体，术后进行临床和影像学追踪观察。结果：2例患者面部外形恢复满意，咬合关系正常，X线与CT检查骨愈合良好，骨重建形态与种植体位置满意．结论：血管化腓骨游离移植与同期牙种植体植入重建下颌骨缺损可有效地恢复面部外形和口腔生理功能。     

游离腓骨瓣修复下颌骨缺损：附9例报道

目的探讨腓骨肌（皮）瓣游离移植修复下颌骨成釉细胞瘤术后缺损临床效果。方法对2009年8月至2010年7月在我院收治的9例行下颌骨成釉细胞瘤切除术的患者,行血管化腓骨肌（皮）瓣下颌骨重建。结果 9例游离腓骨瓣全部成活。下颌骨形态和功能恢复正常,咬合良好。结论游离血管化腓骨肌（皮）瓣游离移植是修复下颌骨大段或中部缺损的重要方法。     

血管化游离腓骨瓣在下颌骨重建中的应用

目的评价应用血管化游离腓骨瓣移植重建下颌骨的临床疗效。方法对6例下颌骨缺损患者采用血管化游离腓骨瓣同期移植修复。结果5例腓骨肌瓣完全成活,1例腓骨肌皮瓣移植患者皮岛坏死,但腓骨瓣成活：所有患者术后外形良好,术后3个月x线片示移植骨无吸收,骨断端愈合良好;所有患者均行走正常,无1例出现踝关节不稳定。结论血管化游离腓骨瓣血供良好,骨量充足,易于塑形,适合于下颌骨缺损的重建。     

应用快速原型技术指导腓骨平行折叠重建下颌骨的探讨

目的:研究如何将快速原型技术与腓骨平行折叠技术相结合,以更好地指导下颌骨重建.方法:下颌骨肿瘤切除术后复杂缺损重建患者6例,术前计算机辅助模拟手术,应用快速原型技术制作腓骨平行折叠后的颌骨模型并预制钛板形态,参照模型,指导术中腓骨骨段精确摆放位置.结果:所有患者创口一期愈合,结合放射核素扫描及数字全景片检查,证实移植腓...     

三维模拟技术在游离腓骨瓣移植重建下颌骨缺损中的应用

目的探讨在游离腓骨肌瓣移植修复下颌骨缺损过程中应用三维模拟技术（CAD/CAM）的方法。方法对11例患者（成釉细胞瘤8例,骨化性纤维瘤1例,下颌牙龈癌2例）术前应用三维模拟技术进行模拟手术,利用快速成型机制作出与患者下颌骨实际大小和外形完全一致的实体模型和手术辅助导板,在模拟修复完成的下颌骨模型上预成形重建钛板。手术中,一组根据术前设计的截骨方案切除病变下颌骨;另一组利用辅助导板在不断蒂状态下对腓骨进行精确的分段截骨,将截开的腓骨段准确塑形后,用预成形重建钛板加以固定,待受区准备完成后断蒂移植。结果11例患者移植的腓骨肌（皮）瓣均存活,术中移植腓骨所截取的长度合适,截骨、塑形、定位速度明显加快。术后随访1~24个月,影像学检查显示患者下颌骨重建形态及固位良好,颞下颌关节就位准确,口内检查剩余牙列咬合关系恢复正常。结论在游离腓骨肌（皮）瓣移植修复下颌骨缺损中应用三维模拟技术,不仅能够降低手术难度与风险,节省手术时间,还可提高手术质量,保证手术效果。     

Evaluation of efficacy of chemiluminescence for diagnosis of leukoplakia

ObjectiveLeukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant disorder preceding oral cancer. Chemiluminescence has been developed as an adjunct to conventional examination for the diagnosis of these potentially malignant disorders. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy of chemiluminescence in the diagnosis of leukoplakia and to compare the results with histopathological examination.Study designA total of 50 patients with leukoplakia were included from the outpatients attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Dental Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. These patients were subjected to conventional oral examination followed by chemiluminescent examination with Vizilite (Zila, Fort Collins, CO, USA) and biopsy for histopathological confirmation.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of chemiluminescence were 93.75%, 55.56%, 78.95%, and 83.3%, respectively. The overall accuracy of chemiluminescence was 80%. A statistically significant association was observed between histopathology results and chemiluminescence results.ConclusionAlthough it is an easy, safe, minimal time consuming, and noninvasive technique, it has only adjunctive utility and it does not replace biopsy for the diagnosis of leukoplakia.     

口底癌34例临床分析

目的探讨口底癌的临床特性、治疗方法及预后。方法对我院自1992—2002年住院治疗的34例口底癌患者进行回顾性分析。结果34例口底癌患者中,男28例(82.4%),女6例(17.6%),男女比为4.7∶1,平均发病年龄58岁。发病部位:前口底22例(64.7%),后口底12例(35.3%)。淋巴结转移率41.2%。单纯手术组、化疗加手术组、放疗加手术组、化疗加手术加放疗组的5年生存率分别为45.5%、60.0%、50.0%、62.5%。结论口底癌以中老年患者好发,男性居多。易发生淋巴结转移,综合疗法疗效较好。     

正畸患者切牙影像失真发生情况分析

目的研究正畸患者曲面体层片上的切牙影像失真发生情况，并分析其原因。 方法从中山大学附属口腔医院放射科影像数据库中选取500例正畸患者的曲面体层片和头影测量侧位片，所有曲面体层片均采用咬合杆投照，分别从切牙牙体影像放大、缩小、牙根变短、根尖模糊等评价指标分析上下颌切牙影像失真的发生情况，在头影测量侧位片上测量中切牙根尖-对颌切牙切缘的距离，探讨切牙影像失真发生的原因。采用SPSS 19.0统计软件对所得数据进行统计学检验。 结果500例患者中，切牙牙体影像正常者共417例，切牙牙体影像失真者共83例，影像失真发生率16.6%，其中切牙牙体影像放大17例、牙体影像缩小0例、牙根变短30例，牙根影像变短伴模糊36例。影像失真患者的根尖-切缘距离大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F = 5 187.18，P = 0）；影像失真患者的覆盖值大于影像正常的患者，差异有统计学意义（F>477，P = 0）。 结论严重牙颌面畸形如反 、深覆盖是导致曲面体层片的切牙影像失真的主要原因之一。     

三种形状藻酸盐印模尺寸精确性分析

目的:本实验旨在比较使用藻酸盐印模材料制取不同形状物体阴模过程中的尺寸精确性.方法:分别使用藻酸盐印模材料制取正方体,圆柱体、三角体阴模,并用电子数显卡尺测量灌注的普通石膏、硬石膏、超硬石膏模型试件的尺寸,并与实物尺寸进行比较分析.数据进行ANOVA(α=0.05).结果:圆柱体印模尺寸变化较大,正方体印模尺寸变化较小,而三角体印模尺寸变化居中(P＜0.05).正方体的普通石膏灌注阴模组,硬石膏灌注阴模组和超硬石膏灌注阴模组的尺寸变化百分率分别是0.044%,0.128%,0.370%.圆柱体的普通石膏灌注阴模组,硬石膏灌注阴模组和超硬石膏灌注阴模组的尺寸变化百分率分别是0.745%,0.665%,0.369%.三角体的普通石膏灌注阴模组,硬石膏灌注阴模组和超硬石膏灌注阴模组的尺寸变化百分率分别是0.557%,0.595%,0.561%.结论:三种形状中正方体对藻酸盐印模制取的尺寸变化影响较小,三角形次之,圆柱体变化较大.     

Design of clinical trials of traditional therapies of periodontitis

The present paper on the design of clinical trials of periodontal therapy first addresses the issue of the etiology of periodontal disease. It is suggested that most if not all forms of destructive periodontal disease are caused by microorganisms and that there are different forms of disease with different microbial etiologies. The progressive nature of destructive periodontal disease is subsequently discussed and it is emphasized that, in a given patient, periodontal sites which show signs of inflammation and attachment loss may not over a period of several months and years show further sign of attachment loss. The present methods of assessing periodontal disease do not allow us to discriminate between potentially active and inactive sites in untreated patients. The significance and variability of indicators of periodontal disease such as bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and probing attachment level measurements are discussed. The errors inherent in the various measurements are analyzed and suggestions are presented describing how alterations in any of the above parameters could be identified and presented in a clinical trial. Of concern for the statistical analysis of clinical data of periodontal disease is the definition of the "experimental unit". For a number of years, the "experimental unit" in periodontal trials was the patient. It is clear, however, that different sites within the same individual show different patterns of disease progression and lesion morphology and often respond differently to periodontal therapy. Statistical analyses must consequently be designed which recognize differences in site-to-site infection and lesion morphology within a common host. Until such analyses are available, the investigator should be wary of pooling data within the same individual, since such pooling may obscure meaningful alternatives which may take place in individual periodontal sites. Some goals of periodontal therapy are subsequently identified. 4 goals are discussed more in detail, namely: to establish conditions which will allow the patient to maintain a dentition without further breakdown of the periodontium; to reduce pocket depth to establish an anatomy in the dentogingival region which with proper maintainance care will prevent the re-establishment of the subgingival infection; to gain attachment as a result of treatment; to assess the effect of a certain chemotherapeutic agent on periodontal disease.     

《口腔医学》杂志2007年度有关信息的分析

目的通过对《口腔医学》2007年全年文献的回顾和分析,了解我国口腔临床医学的研究现状。方法阅读2007年《口腔医学》全年的文献,对各种信息进行了分类汇总,根据设计类型对临床一次性文献进行了分类,并对其中的试验性研究文章进行质量分析。结果《口腔医学》2007年全年的一次性文献274篇,基础和临床文献分别为108和166篇,以临床文献为主(60.58%)。在临床研究文献中,属于观察性、分析性和试验性的文献分别为97、9和60篇,观察性文献所占比例为36.14%,高于以往的报道。60篇观察性文献中,全都设有对照;统计方法应用得当者44篇;真正做到随机、盲法的分别只有4和2篇。结论我国口腔临床方面的研究水平近年来提高明显,但设计的科学性方面有待提高。     

Experimental evidence of formation of imines in the course of reduction of hydrazones

The reduction of hydrazones is generally suggested to proceed through a reductive cleavage of the nitrogen–nitrogen bond followed by a reduction of the carbon–nitrogen bond. This sequence of reduction processes is here supported for fluorenone (V) and benzophenone (VI) hydrazones as well as by a comparison of the reduction of fluorenone and benzophenone hydrazonium ions (I,III) with corresponding imines (II,IV). Another proof of the presence of imines as intermediates is the splitting of four-electron waves of hydrazones V and VI and hydrazonium ions I and VIII into two waves at pH < 2. This has been interpreted as due to differences in slopes dE_1/2/dpH and pK_a-values of protonated hydrazine derivatives on one side and corresponding imines on the other. In this pH-range imines formed in reductions of VI and VIII are reduced in a single two-electron wave, those of I and V in two one-electron steps. Fluorenone imine (II) is sufficiently stable to allow recording of time-independent current–voltage curves between pH 6 and 11. In this pH-range the imine (II) is reduced in two one-electron steps. Benzophenone imine (IV) has been found stable between pH 4.6 and 12. At pH 4.6–8 the reduction of the imine IV takes place in a single two-electron step, at pH 8–12 in two one-electron steps. Final proof of the initial cleavage of the N–N bond is presented by comparison with the reduction of nitrones.     

Setting Expansion of Amalgam: Influence of the Direction of Condensation

Fresh, undecalcified sections from (1) in situ excavated carious dentine or from (2) specimens with carious and sound dentine from extracted human teeth were cut in a cryostat and the localization of various hydrolytic enzymes demonstrated histochemically. It was observed that the hydrolysis of β-glucuronidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, β-galactosidase, ATPase, and phosphoamidase substrates could be demonstrated (a) in dental plaque, (b) in the superficial necrotic layer and in the infected zone of carious dentine, and (c) also in the decalcified carious dentine, where Gram staining revealed no microorganisms. Additionally, the hydrolysis of β-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase substrates could be observed (d) in the predentine layer. No hydrolysis of chitobiase substrate could be observed in any zone of carious dentine, nor any of the substrates in normal sound dentine. These findings were thought to further map the catabolic events during the propagation of dentine caries, especially in the enzymic degradation of mucopolysaccharides of the organic stroma of the dentine.     

腮腺淋巴上皮癌22例临床分析

目的探讨腮腺淋巴上皮癌的诊断方法、治疗方式及预后情况,为临床提供参考。方法 2012年至2019年期间收治的腮腺淋巴上皮癌病例22例,对患者的临床表现、影像学检查、治疗方式及随访结果进行回顾性分析。结果 22例患者中,男性8例,女性14例;年龄26~61岁,主诉病程3天~18年,单侧腮腺区多发肿块1例,其余21例均为腮腺区单侧单发肿块。所有患者均行术前螺旋CT检查,CT所示腮腺组织内软组织肿块影,其内密度影欠均匀,CT值26~81 HU,15例表现为类圆形,界限尚清晰;7例表现为结节状,界限稍不清晰或部分不清晰。所有病例诊断最终依据病理学检查,HE染色图像可见肿瘤细胞边界清楚,上皮细胞生长活跃伴有异型性,可见核分裂像,肿瘤间质可见丰富的淋巴细胞浸润。22例患者均接受手术治疗,其中9例患者未行颈淋巴清扫。20例患者术后接受辅助放疗,其中10例同时行辅助化疗;1例患者术后仅行化疗,1例患者术后未行其他任何辅助治疗。所有病例均得到回访,21例无瘤生存13个月~8年,1例患者术后16个月因肝转移死亡。结论腮腺淋巴上皮癌是临床上较为罕见的恶性肿瘤,病理仍是诊断腮腺淋巴上皮癌的金标准。根治性手术切除肿瘤是首选治疗方法,根据临床检查及影像学检查及颈部情况进行选择性颈淋巴清扫,术后辅助放化疗可获得较好的治疗效果。     

下颌角骨折治疗后并发症的临床分析

目的研究下颌角骨折治疗后并发症,分析原因并提出预防方法。方法回顾分析我院206例下颌角骨折患者的治疗及并发症情况,分颌间固定组62例,内固定组120例,颅颌绷带组24例。结果治疗后发生的并发症有骨感染4例,医源性损伤2例,牙合干扰3例,错牙合畸形2例,颞下颌关节功能紊乱病2例。结论下颌角骨折的治疗应首选坚强内固定,应选择正确的手术方案,加强术前、术后抗感染治疗及术后肌功能训练,对骨折线上的阻生齿应尽可能保留,以减少并发症。