胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果及功能影响

目的 探讨胫骨高位截骨术（HTO）治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果及对膝关节功能的影响。方法 选取于郑州大学医院实施手术治疗的126例膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,其中61例患者采用HTO技术治疗（HTO组）,另外65例患者采用膝关节单髁置换术（对照组）治疗。统计学分析2组的手术创伤及术后康复指标、手术前后膝关节功能、膝关节影像学指标及手术并发症。结果 HTO组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;在术后3个月、6个月,HTO组和对照组的Lysholm评分较本组术前均显著升高（P<0.05）;在术后6个月,HTO组和对照组的胫骨平台后倾角、外侧髌骨角较术前均显著升高（P<0.05）,2组患者的股胫角、髌骨适合角、髌骨倾斜角较术前均显著降低（P<0.05）。结论 HTO治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果与膝关节单髁置换术差异不大,在保证手术效果的基础上具有手术时间短、出血少、创伤小的优势,2种手术方法的远期疗效差异尚需要进一步延长观察时间后分析。     

HTO和UKA治疗内侧间室膝关节炎疗效分析

目的 观察胫骨高位截骨(HTO)和膝关节单髁表面置换(UKA)对内侧间室膝关节炎的治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月～2017年12月收治的膝内翻伴单间室关节炎患者39例,按手术方式不同分为:HTO组(21例):行内侧开放式胫骨截骨联合膝关节镜清理;UKA组(18例):行固定平台单髁置换.比较两组患者术前、末次随...     

内侧间室膝关节骨性关节炎3种手术方法的疗效比较

目的:探讨3种手术方法治疗内侧间室膝关节骨性关节炎(KOA)的疗效和安全性。方法:选取2014年8月到2017年8月期间收治的内侧间室KOA患者112例,根据患者的手术方式将其分为胫骨高位截骨组(n=42)、单髁置换组(n=40)和腓骨近端截骨组(n=30),比较3组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、住院时间以及住院费用,比较3组患者术前、术后3、6、12个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、胫股角(FTA)、美国特种外科医院膝关节评分(HSS)、美国膝关节协会评分(KSS)、Lysholm膝关节评分以及并发症发生情况。结果:腓骨近端截骨组的手术时间、住院时间均短于胫骨高位截骨组和单髁置换组,术中出血量和住院费用均低于胫骨高位截骨组和单髁置换组(P<0. 05),单髁置换组的住院费用高于胫骨高位截骨组(P<0. 05)。3组患者术后3、6、12个月的VAS评分、FTA较术前均明显降低,HSS评分、KSS评分、Lysholm膝关节评分较术前均明显升高(P<0. 05)。胫骨高位截骨组出现1例伤口感染、1例腓总神经损伤、1例膝内翻复发,单髁置换组出现2例屈膝时髌骨弹响,腓骨近端截骨组出现1例腓浅神经感觉支牵拉伤。结论:胫骨高位截骨术、单髁置换术、腓骨近端截骨术治疗内侧间室KOA的临床疗效相近,且并发症发生率均较低,但腓骨近端截骨术手术时间和住院时间更短,术中出血量和住院费用更少,临床应根据患者的实际情况来选择合适的手术方式。     

关节镜清理联合胫骨高位截骨治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效

目的 探讨关节镜下膝关节清理联合胫骨高位内侧开放截骨治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的疗效。方法 回顾性分析安徽省立医院骨科运动医学科2017年9月至2019年4月收治的38例膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者的临床资料,按手术方式不同将患者分为观察组20例及对照组18例,观察组采用关节镜清理联合胫骨高位内侧开放截骨术,对照组采用单纯关节镜下清理手术。记录观察组截骨后股胫角（FTA）及平台后倾角变化情况,比较两组术前及术后12个月随访时的疼痛视觉模拟评分（VAS）、美国特种外科医院（HSS）膝关节评分与Lysholm评分情况。结果 与术前相比,观察组术后FTA得到纠正（P<0.05）,平台后倾较术前增加1.7度,但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组患者术前VAS评分、HSS评分及Lysholm评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术后12月时,两组患者VAS评分较术前降低,HSS评分及Lysholm评分较术前升高,观察组手术前后VAS评分、HSS评分及Lysholm评分差值高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 关节镜下关节腔清理联合胫骨高位内侧开放截骨治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎,可以减轻患者疼痛,改善关节功能,获得良好手术效果,值得临床推广。     

关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果分析

目的：分析关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果。方法：选取2020年1月—2021年1月滨州市中心医院收治的100例膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,各50例。对照组采取单纯关节镜下清理术治疗,观察组采取关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗。比较两组临床疗效。结果：术前,两组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、Lysholm膝关节量表、美国纽约特种外科医院量表(HSS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术12个月后,两组VAS评分低于手术前,且观察组低于对照组,两组Lysholm、HSS评分高于手术前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论：关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的效果较好,患者疼痛轻,膝关节功能恢复好,并发症发生率低。     

微创单髁置换术和胫骨高位截骨治疗自发性膝关节骨坏死患者临床疗效观察

目的 探讨微创单髁置换术和胫骨高位截骨治疗自发性膝关节骨坏死患者临床疗效。方法 选取2018年1月-2019年12月我院收治的自发性膝关节骨坏死患者98例,根据随机数表法分为单髁置换术组（49例）和胫骨高位截骨组（49例）,分别采用微创单髁置换术和胫骨高位截骨治疗,比较两组临床疗效,并对两组手术相关指标进行比较,观察两组治疗前后Tegner评分、Lysholm评分和VAS评分,并对治疗前后两组步态指标进行比较。结果 单髁置换组治疗有效率（93.88%）高于胫骨高位截骨组（81.63%）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=7.852,P=0.020）。单髁置换组手术时间、术中出血量、下床活动时间、住院时间均明显少于胫骨高位截骨组,差异有统计学意义（t=8.283、5.293、49.290、25.067,P=0.000）。治疗前两组患者Tegner评分与Lysholm评分无明显差异（P>0.05）;治疗后两组患者Tegner评分和Lysholm评分均明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。但单髁置换组和胫骨高位截骨组Tegner评分与Lysholm评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。手术前两组VAS评分无明显差异（P>0.05）;术后1月和术后3月单髁置换组VAS评分明显低于胫骨高位截骨组,差异有统计学意义（t=10.461、15.537,P=0.000）。治疗前两组患者步速、步长、步频、双支撑相无明显差异（P>0.05）;治疗后单髁置换组步速、步长和步频明显增加,双支撑相比例明显减少,且单髁置换组增加/减少程度较胫骨高位截骨组明显,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 与胫骨高位截骨术相比,微创单髁置换术具有出血量少、住院时间短、膝关节评分较高等特点,且患者疼痛程度更低,值得骨科进一步推广应用。     

膝骨关节炎患者行胫骨高位截骨术与单髁置换术前后三维步态变化分析

目的:探讨胫骨高位截骨术(HTO)与单髁置换术(UKA)治疗内侧单间室膝骨关节炎患者手术前后三维步态参数变化,为临床术式选择及术后康复提供参考依据.方法:内侧单间室膝骨关节炎患者120例,其中行HTO术57例,行UKA术63例.采用三维步态分析仪对两组患者术前及术后6个月进行时空、运动学、动力学等下肢步态参数评估.结果...     

关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的临床效果

目的探讨关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的临床效果。方法选取膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者,将接受关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术治疗的60例患者纳入观察组,同期接受单纯关节镜下清理术治疗的60例患者纳入对照组。评价手术前后观察组股胫角(FTA)及平台后倾角变化情况,比较两组患者手术前后VAS评分、膝关节功能恢复情况(采用HSS评分和Lysholm评分评估)以及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后12个月,观察组患者的截骨面均愈合完好,未发生内固定物失效的情况,FTA较术前纠正8°,平台后倾角较术前增加2.5°,两者的术前、术后比较差异有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组患者手术前VAS评分、Lysholm评分及HSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);术后12个月,两组患者的VAS评分均下降,Lysholm评分及HSS评分均上升,且观察组各项评分显著优于对照组(均P0.05)。对照组并发症总发生率为26.67%(16/60),观察组并发症总发生率为10.00%(6/60),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.566,P=0.018)。结论关节镜联合胫骨高位截骨术可以有效改善膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者的临床症状和关节功能,延长膝关节使用寿命,是一种安全、手术疗效优的治疗方法,具有临床应用价值。     

胫骨高位截骨治疗内侧间室骨性关节炎

随着单髁关节和全膝关节置换术的技术日益成熟，胫骨高位截骨术（HTO）的价值开始受到质疑。但是对于某些特定的患者，该术式疗效依然优良。膝关节单间室性骨关节炎可导致下肢力线的异常，加重已退变关节软骨处的压力，导致骨性关节炎加重，出现严重的疼痛和关节功能障碍。胫骨外翻高位截骨通过纠正膝关节的角度畸形，从而降低通过膝关节内侧间室的负重并使遭受破环的关节软骨自然愈合，达到治疗目的。     

腓骨中上段部分切除术与胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节骨关节炎的效果比较

目的:对比腓骨中上段部分切除术与胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节骨关节炎的效果。方法:选取30例膝关节骨关节炎患者作为研究对象,根据患者的治疗术进行分组:A组15例行腓骨中上段部分切除术治疗,B组15例行胫骨高位截骨术治疗;对比2组治疗前后的膝关节主动屈曲度、主动伸直度、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学骨关节炎指数量表（WOMAC）评分、膝关节评分（Lysholm）及国际膝关节文献委员会膝关节评估表（IKDC）总积分,综合评价患者的疗效。结果:2组患者治疗前膝关节主动屈曲度、主动伸直度、WOMAC评分、Lysholm评分及IKDC 总积分差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;A组患者治疗后膝关节主动屈曲度、Lysholm评分及IKDC 总积分均显著高于B组（P<0.01）,主动伸直度、WOMAC评分均显著低于B组（P<0.01）;A组患者的疗效优良率为93.33%,B组为80.00%,2组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论:腓骨中上段部分切除术与胫骨高位截骨术治疗膝关节骨关节炎的效果均相当,腓骨中上段部分切除术在改善膝关节骨的活动度、功能及预后方面优于胫骨高位截骨术。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.