小檗碱对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖与凋亡的影响及可能机制

目的探讨小檗碱对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖与凋亡的影响及可能机制。方法免疫组织化学方法与Western blot方法检测喉癌组织及癌旁正常组织中环氧合酶-2(COX-2)与细胞周期调节蛋白CyclinB1的表达。MTT方法检测不同质量浓度小檗碱(0,5,10,20mg/L)对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖的影响;流式细胞仪检测小檗碱(0,20 mg/L)对喉癌Hep-2细胞凋亡的影响。Western blot方法检测小檗碱(0,20 mg/L)作用喉癌Hep-2细胞24h后COX-2与CyclinB1的表达变化。结果 COX-2与CyclinB1在喉癌组织的阳性表达率及平均光密度值显著高于癌旁正常组织(P0.01)。小檗碱抑制喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖,并呈时间浓度依赖性;给予20 mg/L小檗碱作用后,喉癌Hep-2细胞凋亡率明显增加,喉癌Hep-2细胞中的COX-2与CyclinB1表达水平明显低于未加药组(P0.01)。结论小檗碱抑制喉癌Hep-2细胞的增殖并促进凋亡,下调COX-2与CyclinB1的表达可能是其作用机制之一。     

miR-137对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖、侵袭与凋亡的影响及可能机制

目的探讨miR-137对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖及迁移能力的影响及可能机制。方法采用miR-137模拟物转染喉癌Hep-2细胞,实验分为空白对照组组(未进行转染)、miR-137阴性对照组(转染无关序列)、miR-137模拟物转染组(进行miR-137模拟物转染)。real-time PCR法验证转染效率,采用CCK8法检测miR-137对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖的影响,采用Transwell实验检测转染后Hep-2细胞的侵袭能力变化,采用流式细胞术检测miR-137对Hep-2细胞凋亡的影响;Western blot检测转染后Hep-2细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax、caspase-3以及侵袭相关蛋白T细胞因子-4(TCF-4)蛋白表达的变化。结果与空白对照组或阴性对照组相比,miR-137模拟物转染组Hep-2细胞miR-137的表达水平显著高于对照组(P0.01),喉癌Hep-2细胞的增殖与侵袭能力显著降低,细胞凋亡率明显升高,凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2表达水平降低,而Bax与caspase-3蛋白表达升高,侵袭相关蛋白TCF-4表达降低。结论过表达miR-137抑制Hep-2细胞增殖与侵袭、诱导细胞凋亡,与上调Bax、caspase-3蛋白表达和下调Bcl-2、TCF-4表达相关。     

As2O3诱导喉鳞癌Hep-2细胞凋亡及其机制的研究

目的 探讨三氧化二砷( As2O3)诱导喉鳞癌Hep-2细胞凋亡及其作用机制.方法 体外培养喉鳞癌Hep-2细胞株,MTT法检测不同作用时间及不同浓度的As2O3对Hep-2细胞生长的作用;TUNEL染色、电镜观察Hep-2细胞凋亡的发生和形态学改变;Western印迹检测As2O3诱导Hep-2细胞凋亡时Survivin蛋白的表达改变.结果 As2O3可明显抑制喉鳞癌Hep-2细胞的生长(P＜0.05),并随药物浓度及作用时间的增加而增强.TUNEL、电镜结果显示As2O3作用后,Hep-2细胞发生凋亡.As2O3作用后,Survivin基因的表达降低.结论 As2O3可诱导喉鳞癌Hep-2细胞凋亡,其生长抑制作用呈时间及剂量依赖性;其机制可能是As2O3通过抑制凋亡抑制因子Survivin蛋白的表达,促进细胞凋亡,从而发挥抗肿瘤的作用.     

沉默Slug对喉癌Hep-2细胞增殖和细胞侵袭的影响

目的探讨沉默喉癌细胞株Hep-2中Slug基因对细胞增殖和细胞侵袭的影响。方法将靶向Slug基因si RNA转染至喉癌Hep-2细胞,Real time PCR和Western blot方法分别检测转染后Slug m RNA和蛋白表达变化,通过CCK-8法测定Hep-2细胞增殖能力的变化,流式细胞术检测细胞周期及transwell法检测细胞侵袭力。结果转染Slug-si RNA的实验组Hep-2细胞内slug m RNA和蛋白表达水平与对照组相比明显降低(0.05),Hep-2细胞增殖能力和侵袭能力显著降低(0.05)。结论沉默Slug基因可以抑制喉癌Hep-2细胞的增殖和侵袭能力,提示Slug基因可能参与喉癌发生发展。     

沙棘黄酮类化合物对人乳腺癌细胞生长抑制和凋亡诱导的研究

为研究沙棘籽渣黄酮类化合物(FHR)对人乳腺癌细胞Bcap-37的生长抑制和凋亡的诱导作用,探讨其抗癌作用的机制,本项研究应用CCK-8法检测FHR对Bcap-37的生长抑制效应,流式细胞术(FCM)分析细胞周期及凋亡率,透射电镜观察细胞凋亡的超微结构表征,半定量RT-PCR方法和Westernblot方法检测与细胞周期及凋亡调控相关基因的转录和表达的变化。结果表明,FHR可明显抑制Bcap-37的增殖,并呈剂量依赖性;FCM分析发现在FHR1000μg/ml作用24h后能阻断Bcap-37细胞于G2/M期,并伴有少量的亚G1峰出现;TEM观察Bcap-37细胞经FHR作用后具有典型的凋亡形态学特征;半定量RT-PCR结果显示,经1000μg/mlFHR作用24h后,PCNA、Bcl-2转录水平分别下调为对照组的0.26倍和0.66倍,IGFBP4转录水平上调为对照组的1.13倍。Westernblot结果显示p53蛋白表达显著上调,Bcl-2蛋白表达显著下调。本项研究结果提示FHR可能是通过下调PCNA的转录使细胞的增殖被阻断在G2/M期,并通过p53蛋白上调和Bcl-2蛋白的下调诱导Bcap-37细胞凋亡。     

Caspase-9抑制剂对RCS大鼠感光细胞凋亡抑制作用的研究

目的：采用Z-LEHD-FMK进行体内实验,观察caspase-9抑制剂对RCS大鼠感光细胞凋亡的抑制作用。方法：32只18dRCS大鼠随机分4组,检查ERG后随机选择一眼为实验眼给予玻璃体内注射Z-LEHD-FMK4μg,对侧眼给予4μg2%DMSO作对照。各组分别在术后2d、7d、12d、17d行ERG检查,然后摘取双眼球,石蜡切片行HE染色及感光细胞凋亡的TUNEL检测,透射电镜观察视网膜超微结构。结果：实验眼注药后7dERGb波振幅达到最大(137.35±7.41)mV,17d时b波振幅为(57.91±9.27)mV,对照眼7d及以后各组ERG接近熄灭型;实验眼注药后12d视网膜外颗粒层才开始出现凋亡阳性细胞,17d更明显,对照眼强荧光的凋亡阳性细胞在术后7d已经很明显;光镜下注药后17d实验眼感光细胞外颗粒层细胞数尚保持有7-8层,对照眼仅余下2-4层细胞,视网膜厚度变薄;透射电镜下实验眼注药后17d可见部分感光细胞胞核、核仁固缩,对照眼从术后7d开始见感光细胞呈现凋亡改变。结论：Z-LEHD-FMK能够延缓RCS大鼠感光细胞凋亡,合适的caspases抑制剂在适宜的时机应用对视网膜感光细胞凋亡具有一定的抑制作用。     

同型半胱氨酸对人血管平滑肌细胞凋亡及半胱天冬酶-3表达的影响

目的：观察同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)对人血管平滑肌细胞（VSMCs）凋亡以及半胱天冬酶-3（caspases-3）表达的影响。方法：采用组织贴块法体外培养人VSMCs,流式细胞术检测人VSMCs细胞凋亡,逆转录-聚合酶链反应法检测caspases-3mRNA的表达。结果：体外培养的人VSMCs在终浓度为500μmol/LHcy的培养液中孵育0h、6h、12h、24h、48h后的细胞凋亡率分别为2.39％±0.47％、2.45％±0.64％、7.58％±1.02％、13.37％±4.71％、17.69％±3.13％,caspases-3mRNA与GAPDH扩增条带吸光度(A)比值分别为0.24±0.08、0.29±0.10、0.89±0.26、1.37±0.24、1.82±0.53,表明Hcy呈时间依赖性诱导人VSMCs细胞凋亡和caspases-3mRNA的表达上调;在终浓度为0、100、200、500、1000μmol/LHcy的培养液中孵育24h后的细胞凋亡率分别为2.68％±0.23％、2.79％±0.12％、8.45％±2.41％、13.37％±4.71％、23.75％±5.56％,表明Hcy呈浓度依赖性诱导人VSMCs细胞凋亡。结论：Hcy诱导人VSMCs凋亡可能是由caspase-3参与的死亡信号通路介导的,诱导人VSMCs凋亡可能是Hcy致动脉粥样硬化作用的机制之一。     

FAK反义寡核苷酸促进人肺动脉平滑肌细胞凋亡

目的：了解黏着斑激酶(focaladhesionkinaseFAK)是否参与人肺动脉平滑肌细胞(HPASMCs)凋亡。方法：纤黏连蛋白(FN40mg/L)刺激下培养的HPASMCs被用来进行反义寡核苷酸（antisenseoligonucleotides,ASODNs）转染以做进一步实验。采用免疫印迹方法测定FAK蛋白质及凋亡蛋白半光氨酸蛋白酶－3（caspase-3）的表达,TUNEL法检测细胞凋亡。结果：免疫印迹方法测定结果表明,应用FAKASODNs转染后HPASMCs中FAK的表达明显低于转染前(P<0.01);caspase-3在应用FAKASODNs转染后高于转染前(P<0.05),TUNEL法检测结果表明FAKASODNs转染后细胞凋亡增加。结论：本实验结果表明FAKASODNs抑制细胞增生,促进细胞凋亡。其机制很可能是经caspase-3信号通路促进细胞凋亡。     

半胱天冬酶天然抑制剂与细胞凋亡

在生物体内,细胞增殖与细胞凋亡总是处于动态平衡状态,从而保证了多细胞生物维系其结构稳定和内环境功能平衡及正常生长发育。正常的细胞凋亡可清除体内衰老的、磨损的或已完成功能的细胞,如胚胎细胞、胸腺细胞等;并能清除具有潜在危险的畸变细胞,如自身反应性淋巴细胞、突变细     

Survivin 抑制剂YM155 对甲状腺癌B-CPAP 细胞凋亡的影响及机制研究

目的:探讨人生存素(Survivin)抑制剂YM155{4,9-二氢-1-(2-甲氧基乙基)-2-甲基-4,9-二氧代鄄3-(2-吡嗪甲基)-1H-萘并[2,3-d]咪唑鎓溴化物}对甲状腺癌B-CPAP 细胞活力和凋亡的影响以及凋亡相关酶半胱氨酸蛋白酶-3(Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3,Caspase-3),半胱氨酸蛋白酶鄄8(Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-8,Caspase-8)和半胱氨酸蛋白酶-9(Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-9,Caspase-9)表达的变化,探讨其诱导B-CPAP 细胞凋亡的可能机制。方法:体外培养B-CPAP 细胞,分别以0、0.5、1、2、4、8 nmol/ L 浓度的YM155 进行处理24 、48 和72 h,采用CCK-8 检测试剂盒检测YM155对B-CPAP 细胞活力的抑制作用;B-CPAP 细胞随机分为4 组:分别以0、1、2 nmol/ L YM155 和5 μmol/ L 顺铂(Cisplatin,阳性对照组)处理24 h。分别采用TUNEL 染色和流式细胞仪AnnexinV-FITC/ PI 法检测凋亡的情况;采用RT-PCR 检测Survivin mRNA 的表达;采用比色法和Western blot 检测Survivin 和Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9 的活性和表达。结果:与0 nmol/ L 组比较,YM155 对B-CPAP 细胞活力具有明显抑制作用,并诱导B-CPAP 细胞凋亡(P<0.05 或P<0.01);与阴性对照组比较,YM155 显著降低B-CPAP 细胞Survivin 的表达,并上调Caspase-3、Caspase-8、Caspase-9 的表达(P<0.05 或P<0.01)。结论:YM155 对B-CPAP 细胞活力具有抑制作用,诱导其凋亡,其机制可能与上调Caspase-3、Caspase-8 和Caspase-9 表达有关。     

Sterigmatocystin induced apoptosis in human pulmonary cells in vitro

Sterigmatocystin (ST) is generally recognized as a potential carcinogen, mutagen and teratogen. Studies showed that ST could induce adenocarcinoma of lung in mice in vivo and DNA damage, cell cycle arrest in a human immortalized bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS–2 B cells) and a human lung cancer cell line (A549 cells) in vitro. Besides, ST could induce G₂ arrest (cell cycle arrest in G₂ phase) in several other cells. Cell cycle arrest may be one of the common toxic effects of ST. As cells may undergo apoptosis or death due to cell cycle arrest, we wondered whether apoptosis is another common effect of ST in different cells in vitro. In the present study, we studied the effects of ST on proliferation and apoptosis in A549 cells and BEAS–2 B cells with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometric analysis (FCM). The MTT results showed that proliferation inhibition following ST treatment for 24 h was observed in both A549 and BEAS–2 B cells in vitro. And increased apoptosis by FCM was also found after ST treatment. Down-regulation of Bcl-2, up-regulation of Bax and the activation of caspase-3 after ST treatment were detected by western blotting analyses. The results in the present study are consistent with our previous results, which indicated that inducing apoptosis may be a common effect of ST in different cells in vitro.     

黏着斑激酶相关非激酶质粒转染对肝星状细胞凋亡的影响

目的：应用黏着斑激酶相关非激酶（FRNK）表达质粒瞬时转染肝星状细胞（HSCs），探讨FRNK选择性抑制黏着斑激酶(FAK)磷酸化对FN刺激的HSCs凋亡的影响。方法:在体外培养HSCs，以FN刺激HSCs增殖，采用脂质体介导的方法进行FRNK表达质粒转染。应用膜联蛋白（Annexin-V）/碘化丙啶（PI）双标记流式细胞术、DNA凝胶电泳技术和透射电镜技术检测细胞的凋亡，Western blotting及RT-PCR方法检测FRNK、FAK、p-FAK（Tyr397）、caspase-3蛋白及其mRNA表达。结果:FRNK表达质粒成功转染HSCs，在翻译后水平抑制FAK磷酸化；FRNK表达质粒转染HSCs 48 h后，细胞凋亡率增加，与空质粒组之间有显著差异［（25.37±1.92）% vs（9.28±1.05）%］，P<0.01，伴随caspase-3在翻译和转录水平的增高［（264.17±12.60 vs 185.82±9.69），P<0.01；（4.19±0.48 vs 1.07±0.27），P<0.01］。结论:在脂质体介导下瞬时转染FRNK表达质粒，可使外源性的FRNK在HSCs内大量表达，在翻译后水平抑制FAK磷酸化；可以诱导FN刺激的HSCs发生凋亡。     

Involvement of caspase-8, -9, and -3 in high glucose-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

Hyperglycemia, which occurs under the diabetic condition, is widely recognized as the causal link between diabetes and its serious complications. Diabetic neuropathies, which are among the most frequent complications of diabetes, affect sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves. The exact molecular mechanisms of high glucose-induced toxicity on neuronal cells, is still unclear. We previously reported that high glucose can induce apoptosis in PC12 cells, as evidenced by DNA fragmentation and high Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. The present study examined the involvement of caspase-3, the executioner, and two initiators of apoptosis, caspase-8 and caspase-9, during high glucose-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells, a neuronal cell line. Cells were exposed to high glucose with or without z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Caspase activity was determined spectrophotometrically using enzyme specific substrates. To correlate and confirm the caspase activity with changes in protein expression, procaspase-8, -9, and -3 were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The DNA-fragmentation was determined by DNA ladder using gel electrophoresis. The PC12 cell viability on high glucose exposure was decreased compared to controls, which was reversed by z-VAD-fmk. The activities of caspase-8, -9, and -3 were significantly increased in treated cells compared to controls. Moreover, high glucose exposure induced a significant decrease in protein levels of procaspases, indicating conversion of pro-form into the mature caspases. Finally, DNA fragmentation (Ladder) was shown in treated cells by high glucose. Based on the current data, it could be concluded that high glucose-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells is mediated, in part, by activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 dependent pathways.     

Co-expression of perforin and granzyme B genes induces apoptosis and inhibits the tumorigenicity of laryngeal cancer cell line Hep-2

Granzyme B and perforin, two of the most important components, have shown anticancer properties in various cancers, but their effects in laryngeal cancer remain unexplored. Here we decided to examine the effects of Granzyme B and perforin in Hep-2 cells and clarify the role of perforin and granzyme B in the tumorigenicity of laryngeal cancer cell line. Hep-2 cells were transfected with pVAX1-PIG co-expression vector (comprising perforin and granzyme B genes), and then the growth and apoptosis of these Hep-2 cells were evaluated. The tumorigenicity of Hep-2 cell line co-expressing perforin and granzyme B genes was tested in BALB/c nu/nu mice. We found that the co-expression of perforin and granzyme B genes could obviously inhibit cell focus formation and induce cell apoptosis in Hep-2 cells. Furthermore, after subcutaneous injection of Hep-2 cells transfected with pVAX1-PIG, an extensive delay in tumor growth was observed in BALB/c-nu/nu mice. Moreover, our studies demonstrated that the anticancer activity of perforin and granzyme B was sustainable in vivo as tumor development by inducing cell apoptosis. Taken together, our data indicate that the co-expression of perforin and granzyme B genes exhibits anticancer potential, and hopefully provide potential therapeutic applications in laryngeal cancer.     

Pro-caspase-3 is constitutively expressed in luteinized granulosa cells from women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization

Apoptosis regulation in luteinized granulosa cells (LGC) during assisted reproduction procedures is still controversial. Caspase-3 is a major apoptosis mediator encoded by CASP3 and formed through cleavage of its precursor pro-caspase-3. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of pro-caspase-3 (mRNA and protein) and cleaved caspase-3 in human LGC. Thirty-five women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization were prospectively enrolled in the study. LGC were isolated from follicular fluid during oocyte pickup and evaluated by immunocytochemistry for pro-caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-3, and by real-time PCR for CASP3 mRNA expression. We found a positive staining of pro-caspase-3 in 77 % of the LGC (95 % confidence interval [CI] 60%–84%), whereas cleaved caspase-3 was found in only 4% of the cells (95 % CI 3%–6%). The abundance of cells expressing pro-caspase-3 was independent from CASP3 mRNA levels (r = 0.24, p = 0.255) and did not correlate with the amount of cleaved caspase-3 (r = -0.24, p = 0.186). Multivariable logistic regression showed that pro-caspase-3 positivity was not influenced by clinical characteristics such as age, cause or length of infertility, antral follicle count or hormonal drugs used to induce ovulation. These findings suggest that pro-caspase-3 is constitutively expressed in LGC, allowing quick cleavage into active caspase-3 and apoptosis triggering whenever needed in the course of gonadotropin-induced follicular development.     

Ziyuglycoside II-induced apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 expression and activating caspase-3 pathway

Ziyuglycoside II is an active compound of Sanguisorba officinalis L. that has anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antibiosis, and homeostasis properties. We report here on the anticancer effect of ziyuglycoside II on human gastric carcinoma BGC-823 cells. We investigated the effects of ziyuglycoside II on cell growth, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis of this cell line. Our results revealed that ziyuglycoside II could inhibit the proliferation of BGC-823 cells by inducing apoptosis but not cell cycle arrest, which was associated with regulation of Bax/Bcl-2 expression, and activation of the caspase-3 pathway. Our study is the first to report the antitumor potential of ziyuglycoside II in BGC-823 gastric cancer cells. Ziyuglycoside II may become a potential therapeutic agent against gastric cancer in the future.     

NOD8对H2O2诱导的人肝细胞凋亡的影响

 目的:探讨NOD8对H2O2诱导的人肝细胞L02凋亡的影响。 方法: pEGFP-C2 及pEGFP-NOD8重组质粒经JetPRIME介导转染L02细胞;用H2O2诱导细胞凋亡。实验分为pEGFP-C2组、pEGFP-C2+H2O2组和pEGFP-NOD8+H2O2组。采用MTT法检测细胞活性,Western blotting检测细胞NOD8的蛋白表达,Hoechst 33342染色检测细胞凋亡情况,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡率,比色法检测细胞caspase-3活性。 结果: 通过MTT检测不同浓度（0.2～2 mmol/L）H2O2刺激6 h后的细胞活性,确定1 mmol/L H2O2为诱导细胞凋亡的剂量。Western blotting检测结果显示,转染pEGFP-NOD8质粒的细胞NOD8蛋白表达明显增加。Hoechst 33342染色法观察发现,pEGFP-C2+H2O2组有较多细胞出现强蓝色荧光细胞核,细胞凋亡较多,而pEGFP-NOD8+H2O2组细胞凋亡明显减少。流式细胞术分析显示,pEGFP-C2+H2O2组的细胞凋亡率明显升高,pEGFP-NOD8+H2O2组的细胞凋亡率则显著下降。pEGFP-C2+H2O2组细胞的caspase-3活性明显升高,而pEGFP-NOD8+H2O2组细胞的caspase-3活性显著下降。 结论: NOD8可抑制H2O2诱导的L02细胞凋亡,其作用机制可能与NOD8抑制细胞的caspase-3活性有关。     

Targeting enteroviral 2A protease by a 16-mer synthetic peptide: Inhibition of 2A-induced apoptosis in a stable Tet-on HeLa cell line

Enteroviridae such as coxsackievirus are important infectious agents causing viral heart diseases. Viral protease 2A (2A^pro) initiates the virus life cycle, and is an excellent target for developing antiviral drugs. Here, to evaluate the validity of the 2A^pro as a proper therapeutic target, and based on the existing information and molecular dynamics, a 16-mer peptide was designed to specifically target the active site of protease 2A^pro in order to block the activity of CVB3 2A^pro. We showed that the peptide could compete with endogenous substrate in a concentration-dependent manner. Further, we established a HeLa cell line that expressed 2A^pro. Expression of 2A^pro resulted in significant morphological alteration and eventual cell death. Western blot and viability assay showed that the 16-mer peptide (200 μg/ml) could significantly block 2A^pro activity and its cytotoxic effect. Future modification of the 16-mer peptide can improve its affinity for 2A^pro and therefore develop effective antiviral drug.     

环磷酰胺在体外对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的:研究环磷酰胺(CTX)在体外对大鼠肾小球系膜细胞(GMC)增殖及细胞凋亡的影响。方法: 采用MTT法检测CTX、甲基强的松龙(MP)、低分子肝素(LMWH)对GMC细胞增殖的影响;采用光镜、荧光镜、流式细胞仪检测GMC细胞凋亡;GMC的Fas、Bcl-2蛋白质水平采用免疫组化法检测。结果:CTX、MP、LMWH均对GMC生长有抑制作用;CTX诱导GMC细胞凋亡, 使GMC的Fas蛋白水平增加。结论:CTX在体外可以抑制GMC细胞增殖, 可能通过Fas蛋白调节途径诱导GMC细胞凋亡。