高原汽车兵心理健康状况及相关因素分析

目的了解汽车兵在高原条件下的心理健康状况及相关因素,为部队心理卫生保健提供依据.方法采用艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和生活事件量表(LES)对高原汽车兵进行个性测定和心理卫生状况调查.结果高原汽车兵EPQ-E分低于全军常模,EPQ-N、EPQ-P分高于全军常模(P<0.01),EPQ-L无显著性差异(P>0.05).大多数SCL-90因子分高于全军常模及普通高原军人(P<0.01～0.05).高原汽车兵的心理健康水平与EPQ-N、EPQ-P分及生活事件成正相关,与EPQ-E、EPQ-L及社会支持成负相关.多元回归分析表明,EPQ的N、P因子、负性事件、主观支持、军龄和社会支持总分等因素是影响高原汽车兵心理健康的几个重要因素.结论高原汽车兵存在较多的心理问题,可能与其居住环境、工作性质及个性特征、社会支持等多种因素有关.     

吸毒人群生理戒断后的心理健康研究

目的：探讨吸毒者生理戒断后的心理健康状况及其治疗。方法：选择123例生理戒断的吸毒者为吸毒组和142名正常人为对照组进行心理测评,测评内容包括SCL－90、社会支持评定、EPQ、SAS和SDS自评量表,然后进行比较,结果：恐怖因子分吸毒组明显高于对照组（P＜0．01）,而且SCL－90总分、EPQ神经质量表（N）、SAS和SDS及社会支持总分低于对照组（P＜0．01）,结论：表明吸毒组有严重心理障碍和个性状况异常,在生理戒断后需长期心理治疗和个性矫正。     

乳腺癌患者心理健康状况的对照研究

目的：了解乳腺癌患者心理健康状况。方法：应用症状自评量表,艾森克个性问卷,生活事件量表对50例乳腺癌患者的心理健康状况进行了检查,并以50名正常人作对照。结果：乳腺癌组SCL－90总分和6个因子分均高于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）;负性生活事件量表分显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）;EPQ之E因子分低于对照组,N因子分高于对照组（P＜0．01）。结论：乳腺癌患者和的心理健康状况较差。改善乳腺癌患者的心理健康状况,对该病的康复和预后有重要意义。     

驻昆某部官兵个性特点的调查分析

目的：探讨驻守高原城市昆明官兵的个性特点，为对他们进行有的放矢的心理卫生干预提供依据。方法：采用修订的EPQ对258名军人进行调查分析。结果：本组精神质（P分）高于全军常模，低于全国常模；神经质（N分）高于全军常模；内外向（E分）高于全国常模，低于全军常模；个性外向者较全军常模为少，而情绪倾向不稳及不稳定者较全军常模为多。结论：本组军人的个性特征有其独特的特点，注意情绪的调控、泻泄是维护他们心理健康的重要措施之一。     

医学生个性心理和心理健康状况调查

目的：为掌握在校医学生个性心理和心理健康状况，有针对性地提供心理健康教育和心理健康咨询。方法：采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）和症状自评量表SCL－90，对94人进行了测试。结果：EPQ调查，情绪不稳定者42人占51％，SCL－90筛选在躯体化、强迫、人际敏感、抑郁、焦虑等因子中明显高于国内常模有显著性差异P＜0．01，其中强迫因子男生明显高于女生显著性差异P＜0．01。结论：在校生心理健康障碍发生率较高，与学习及就业压力有关。     

研究生心理卫生状况及相关因素研究

目的：了解研究生心理卫生状况、人格特征，探索其与社会学因素的关系。方法：采用艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）、90项症状自评量表（SCL－90）等心理评估工具及社会学状况调查表连续三年对242名在校研究生进行有关调查。结果：在研究生心理卫生状况的界定中，有24．8％研究生SCL－90的总分离于常模，其中高于常模1个标准差者为8．6％，高于1．5个标准差者为3．4％。心理评估量表得分与年龄、与专业类型、幼时家庭氛围等因素呈显著性相关。结论：研究生群体的心理卫生状况值得广泛重视。     

反流性食管炎患者心理社会因素分析

目的 探讨心理社会因素与反流性食管炎的关系。方法 测定并分析104例反流性食管炎病人及100例健康人的生活事件单位， 社会支持程度和艾森克人格问卷四项量表分（EPQ－P、EPQ－E、EPQ－N、EPQ－L）。结果 反流性食管炎病人的LCU、EPQ－N分明显高于健康人（P＜0．01）。社会支持总分低于健康人，多元回归分析结合各因素间的相关分析显示：社会、心理因素对反流性食管炎的发病起关键的作用。结论 高生活事件单位和社会支持程度可能诱发反流性食管炎，并受个性特性的影响。     

50例慢性乙型肝炎病人心理健康状况的调查分析

目的 调查住院慢性乙型肝炎病人的心理健康状况。方法 采用症状自评量表（SCL一90）,艾克森个性问卷（EPQ）及生活事件量表（LES）对50例慢性乙型肝炎病人进行测定并与50例正常组对照比较。结果 SCL-90除人际敏感、精神病性因子外,其它因子分显著高于对照组（P〈0．05）。EPQ神经质（N）分显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）。LES负性刺激量、总刺激量明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论 慢性乙型肝炎病人具有神经质个性,经历的应激性生活事件较多,心理健康状况较差。     

高原山区军人的人格特征和心理健康状况研究

目的研究高原山区环境对军人的心理健康状况的影响,为军队心理保健提供依据。方法采用心理健康测查表（PHI）、艾森克个性问卷（EPQ）对某高原山区军人进行心理状况调查。结果高原山区军人在PHI中除UNR外,各临床量表均高于常模组（P〈0．05～0．01）;EPQ与全国常模比较,E分增高（P〈0．01）,L分降低（P〈0．05）,与普通军人常模比较E和N分均增高（P〈0．05—0．01）;PHI与EPQ相关分析表明,EPQ的P分和N分与PHI各临床因子分呈正相关（P〈0．05—0．01）,E分与HMA呈正相关（P〈0．001）,而E分与DEP、SOM和ANX呈负相关（P〈0．01,0．05）,L与PHI各临床因子分呈负相关。结论高原山区军人存在较多的心理问题,心理问题的发生可能与长期艰苦的生活环境、军队性质、个性特征等多种因素有关。     

基层医院护患矛盾的调查研究

目的了解护患纠纷事件中护士心理健康状况与其防范措施。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL－90）、简易应对方式量表（SCSQ）和社会支持量表（SSRS）,对2所医院62名护士在发生纠纷1周内进行调查。结果护患纠纷事件中护士SCL-90各因子分及总均分显著高于中国常模（P〈0．01）;护患纠纷事件中护士的心理健康状况与其应对方式、社会支持显著相关。结论护患纠纷应当加强护理人员服务意识,重视人文关怀,加强质量监督,加强沟通,强化法律意识。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.