顺鼻骨位CT扫描法诊断鼻骨骨折

目的:评估应用顺鼻骨位CT扫描法诊断鼻骨骨折的价值.材料和方法:对51例常规X线检查怀疑鼻骨骨折的患者均分别进行常规横断位及顺鼻骨位CT扫描,并对比分析其诊断结论.结果:顺鼻骨CT扫描42例(82.4%)确诊为鼻骨骨折,9例为阴性;常规横断位CT扫描35例(68.6%)确诊为鼻骨骨折,4例可疑鼻骨骨折,12例为阴性.结论:顺鼻鼻位CT扫描法能更好地显示鼻骨形态和鼻骨骨折,正确诊断率比鼻骨横断位CT扫描高.     

鼻骨骨折的CT检查与诊断

目的:改善CT扫描技术以提高鼻骨骨折的CT诊断正确率.材料和方法:对60例临床和CT诊断的鼻骨骨折病人和40例正常志愿者的HRCT横断位和改良冠状位扫描图像进行回顾性分析.结果:对照组CT改良冠状位显示鼻骨孔35对,优于横断面扫描(显示20对);60例鼻骨骨折中改良冠状位扫描检出鼻骨骨折58例(96.7%),高于横断位检出(42例,70%),但鼻区并发症检出(17例)明显低于横断位(46例).结论:改良冠状位HRCT扫描可以提高鼻骨骨折检出率,结合横断位则更好,并可以提高鼻区并发症的检出率.     

鼻骨骨折的X线与CT诊断

本文回顾分析28例鼻骨骨折的X线平片和CT扫描影像学表现,现报告如下,供参考。1一般资料a)本组28例,其中男性17例,女性11例。年龄6岁～47岁,平均年龄38.25岁。以拳击伤、重物击伤、车祸伤为主。b)X线检查采用UD150L—30E500mAX线机配床下活动式滤线器,俯卧侧位投照,必要时加鼻骨轴位投照。CT扫描采用HisteedDX/I螺旋CT扫描机以2mm仰卧冠状位扫描。2结果a)X线平片25例表现为鼻骨连续性中断、鼻骨骨折块不同程度移位、鼻骨塌陷等,占89.29%。但其中8例无法确定鼻骨骨折是单侧或是双侧,占32%;其中5例无法确定是粉碎性或是凹陷性以及其凹…     

鼻骨骨折影像诊断的比较研究

目的 通过3种影像学方法的比较，选择合理的鼻部外伤影像学检查方法。方法 回顾分析53例鼻骨骨折患者的X线鼻骨侧位像，冠状和横断CT扫描影像资料。以冠状位＋横断位CT扫描的结果为准，比较了各种检查方法之间对鼻部外伤影像学征象的检出率。结果 冠状位＋横断位CT扫描合用的诊断效果最好。X线鼻骨侧位片仅能检出64.15%的鼻骨骨折，对上颌骨额突骨折等其他鼻部外伤均不能诊断。在鼻骨或上颌骨额突骨折的诊断中，冠状位CT扫描显著优于横断位CT扫描，而在鼻泪管骨折，鼻颌缝分离，鼻骨间缝增宽的诊断上则横断位CT扫描显著优于冠状位CT扫描。结论 在鼻部外伤的影像学检查中仅利用鼻骨X线侧位片是不够的;为了解有无鼻骨或上颌骨额突骨折应首先作鼻部冠状位CT扫描，如经济条件许可，可加作鼻部横断位扫描。     

鼻区骨折的影像学检查技术探讨

目的:探讨鼻区骨折的最佳影像学检查方法。方法:回顾性分析110例鼻区骨折病例及其常规X线检查、CT横断面和冠状面扫描的显示情况,30例行鼻骨长轴位扫描。结果:X线显示骨折51例,CT横断面和冠状面显示105例;有5例平片显示骨折线,常规CT无明显骨折线,行鼻骨长轴位得以显示。结论:CT扫描对鼻区骨折显示优于X线,CT沿鼻骨长轴位扫描是对常规CT横断面和冠状面扫描方法的又一补充。     

CT影像上易误诊为鼻骨骨折的正常结构

目的 对正常鼻骨及骨缝的CT影像学表现进行观察.探讨易误诊为鼻骨骨折的正常结构,为鼻外伤的CT诊断提供参考信息.资料与方法 20名无鼻外伤自愿者,采用Siemens Somatom AR. star螺旋CT横轴位及冠状位扫描,层厚2 mm.横轴位扫描以听眦线为基线至鼻尖骨性终末.冠状位扫描其基线与鼻骨前缘平行扫描至鼻尖下部骨性终末.结果 横轴位CT表现:鼻骨根部呈"座式电话机手柄"状,鼻骨体部呈"拱桥"状,鼻骨尖部呈"刀尖"状.鼻上颌缝显示20例,鼻骨间缝显示18例,鼻额缝不显示,鼻骨孔显示7例,鼻骨变异1例.冠状位CT表现:鼻骨前部(即鼻背部)呈"鸭嘴"状,鼻骨中部呈"三叉"状,鼻骨尖部呈"刀尖"状.鼻上颌缝显示20例,鼻骨间缝及鼻额缝显示18例,鼻骨孔显示8例,鼻骨变异2例.结论 正常鼻骨在CT轴位和冠状位扫描的不同层面各有其特征性表现,鼻骨孔、鼻骨间缝、鼻上颌缝及某些变异均有可能误诊为骨折.     

螺旋CT冠状位扫描及三维重建在鼻骨骨折中的诊断价值

目的：对可疑鼻骨骨折病人采用螺旋CT冠状位扫描及多层面重建技术，探讨其对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值。材料与方法：采用Marcni多排CT对鼻骨进行冠状位扫描，并对采集的数据在工作站用后处理软件进行三维重建，获得高清晰及富立体感图象。结果：经传统X线检查的可疑鼻骨骨折病人再进行螺旋CT冠状位扫描及图象重建技术处理后，均见到明显骨折线，尤其是单侧鼻骨骨折，充分显示了其优越性。结论：冠状位及经后处理重建的图象，具有较高的密度和空间分辨率，可以从任意角度观察骨折线，并辅以二三维重建技术，大大提高了可疑鼻骨骨折的诊断正确率。     

影像检查在鼻骨骨折中的应用价值

目的：利用影像学检查方法，探讨鼻骨骨折的最佳显示方法。材料和方法：对90例鼻外伤患者进行X线侧位摄影和CT扫描．其中54例行双侧摄影，所有CT扫描图像都经过三维重建同时应用多平面重组技术、重建冠状位及水平位图像。结果：X线发现鼻骨骨折74例（82．2％），螺旋CT90例均有骨折，伴有其他部位骨折39例。结论：X线是鼻骨骨折重要的首选检查方法，但漏诊率较高，螺旋CT冠状位加水平位扫描能很好的显示骨折，而CT三维重建技术对临床价值极高。     

多层螺旋CT对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT对鼻骨骨折的诊断价值。方法应用GElightspeed多层螺旋CT机,对50例鼻骨骨折患者的鼻骨冠状位扫描、3D和MPR重建图像进行分析。结果50例均有鼻骨骨折,骨折同时累及上颌骨额突46例,累及鼻泪管1例;鼻中隔骨折15例,鼻额缝分离10例;鼻骨间缝分离5例;并发眶壁骨折3例;上颌窦壁骨折2例。结论多层螺旋CT的冠状位扫描、3D和MPR对于诊断鼻骨骨折具有重要价值。     

鼻骨冠状位CT扫描法及其临床应用价值

通过摄鼻骨侧位片来诊断鼻骨骨折 ,简便易行 ,但存在着诸多缺陷。笔者通过采用鼻骨冠状位CT扫描法 ,对鼻骨骨折进行分型 ,取得良好效果。该法实用性强 ,定性准确率高。现以我院GE Max64 0CT机为例 ,介绍如下。1 扫描方法先摄头颅侧位定位片 ,扫描平面与鼻骨纵轴线平行 ,用 2～     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.