去甲斑蝥素对人乳腺癌细胞系的凋亡诱导作用及bcl-2基因的表达

目的：探讨去甲斑蝥素抗肿瘤作用的分子机制。方法：用１０μｇ／ｍｌ去甲斑蝥素处理体外培养的人乳腺癌细胞素ＭＣＦ－７。处理后,在不同时间点,采用普通光镜、电子显微观察去甲斑蝥素对乳腺癌细胞的诱导凋亡现象。利用流式细胞仪分析凋亡细胞百分比,用蛋白印迹杂交方法对凋亡抑制基因ｂｃｌ－２的表达情况进行检测。结果：经１０μｇ／ｍｌ去甲斑蝥素处理１２ｈ后,可观察到ＭＣＦ－７细胞变形、出泡,从培养瓶底脱离。细胞染色和电子显微镜可观察到染色质浓聚、边集,且随着药物作用时间的延长,凋亡细胞百分比逐渐增加。与对照组相比,凋亡抑制基因ｂｃｌ－２的表达降低。结论：诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡可能是去甲斑蝥素抗肿瘤作用的分子机制之一。     

阿蒂莫耶番荔枝内酯诱导MCF—7／ADR细胞凋亡的研究

目的：探讨阿蒂莫耶番荔枝内酯对有多药抗药性的阿霉素的人乳腺癌细胞ＭＣＦ－７／ＡＤＲ凋亡的诱导作用，揭示其抗癌机制。方法；用ＭＴＴ法观察药物对细胞的生长抑制作用，ＴＵＮＥＬ法，流式细胞仪及光镜，电镜等技术研究癌细胞凋亡。结果；药物对癌细胞有明显生长抑制作用，ＩＣ５０Ｏ １０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ；光１镜，电镜可见染色质浓缩，聚集核膜下，核碎裂等改变；流式细胞仪检测到凋亡峰；１０ｍｇ／Ｌ药物作用４８小时，ＴＵＮ     

AZD2281诱导乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的 观察AZD2281对乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞株增殖和凋亡的影响,并探讨其可能的机制。方法MTT法和流式细胞仪法观察不同浓度AZD2281（2.5、5、10 nmol/L）作用于MDA-MB-231细胞24、48、72 h后对细胞增殖、周期分布及细胞凋亡的影响;Western blotting检测经AZD2281处理该细胞24 h后细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和caspase-3表达水平的变化。结果AZD2281可显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖,且呈时间和剂量依赖性;AZD2281作用于MDA-MB-231细胞24 h后,细胞被阻滞在G0/G1期,并促进其凋亡,且呈剂量依赖性。AZD2281作用MDA-MB-231细胞24 h后,凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达呈剂量依赖性下降,而凋亡促进蛋白caspase-3的表达呈剂量依赖性上升。结论AZD2281能显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖和促进其凋亡,其作用机制可能是通过上调caspase-3和下调Bcl-2蛋白表达实现的。     

香加皮乙酸乙酯提取物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的研究

目的:研究香加皮乙酸乙酯提取物(ethyl acetate extract from Cortex Periplocae,CPEAE)诱导人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7凋亡作用及其作用机制。方法:采用MTT法观察不同浓度CPEAE对乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7增殖的抑制作用;应用吖啶橙/溴化乙锭(AO/EB)荧光染色法和透射电镜观察凋亡细胞形态;应用流式细胞术分析CPEAE对细胞凋亡率的影响;RT-PCR法检测用药前后细胞凋亡相关基因survivin和bax的mRNA表达情况。结果:CPEAE呈浓度及时间依赖性抑制MCF-7细胞的增殖(P<0.05),作用48 h的IC50为(0.943±0.005)μg/mL。CPEAE作用48 h后MCF-7细胞发生了特征性的凋亡形态学改变,流式细胞仪检测可见典型的凋亡峰,2.0μg/mL CPEAE作用72 h时细胞的凋亡率达(30.24±1.26)%。CPEAE作用后MCF-7细胞的survivin mRNA表达降低,而bax mRNA表达增加。结论:香加皮乙酸乙酯提取物(CPEAE)可诱导乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7发生凋亡,可能通过下调survivin基因、上调bax基因的mRNA水平而发挥诱导细胞凋亡作用。     

Molecular mechanisms of celery seed extract induced apoptosis via s phase cell cycle arrest in the BGC-823 human stomach cancer cell line

Background: Mechanisms of apoptosis in tumor cells is an important field of tumor therapy and cancer molecular biology. Loss of cell cycle control, leading to uncontrolled proliferation, is common in cancer. Therefore, the identification of potent and selective cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors is a priority for anti-cancer drug discovery. There are at least two major apoptotic pathways, initiated by caspase-8 and caspase-9, respectively, which can activate caspase cascades. Apoptosis triggered by activation of the mitochondrial-dependent caspase pathway represents the main programmed cell death mechanism. This is activated by various intracellular stresses that induce permeabilization of the mitochondrial membrane. Anti-tumor effects of celery seed extract (CSE) and related mechanisms regarding apoptosis were here investigated in human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells. Methods: CSE was produced by supercritical fluid extraction. Cell viability was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and apoptosis by flow cytometry using Annexin/PI staining and DAPI staining and a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM). Cell cycling was evaluated using PI staining with flow cytometry and expression of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins cyclin A, CDK2, bcl-2 and bax was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Results: CSE had an anti-proliferation effect on human gastric cancer BGC-823 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. After treatment, the apoptotic rate significantly increased, with morphological changes typical of apoptosis observed with LSCM by DAPI staining. Cell cycle and apoptosis related proteins, such as cyclin A, CDK2 and bcl-2 were all down-regulated, whereas bax was up-regulated. Conclusions: The molecular determinants of inhibition of cell proliferation as well as apoptosis of CSE may be associated with cycle arrest in the S phase.     

盐霉素通过靶向调控ALDH影响三阴性乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB- 231增殖和凋亡

目的 探讨盐霉素（salinomycin,Sal）对三阴性乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231增殖和凋亡的影响及其作用机制。方法 采用流式细胞术筛选ALDH高表达乳腺癌细胞系;采用MTT法检测不同浓度Sal（1~32 μmol/L）对细胞增殖的影响;采用流式细胞仪检测Sal对细胞凋亡以及肿瘤干细胞表面标志物ALDH表达的影响;采用qRT-PCR、Western blot检测凋亡相关分子Caspase-3、Bax、Bcl-2、PARP mRNA和蛋白表达;TCGA（the Cancer Genome Atlas）数据库下载乳腺癌患者数据集（n=1 218）,采用Pearson法分析ALDH与凋亡相关分子表达的相关性。结果 Sal在24 h、48 h、72 h均可以剂量依赖的方式抑制MDA-MB-231细胞增殖（均P<0.001）;Sal作用MDA-MB-231细胞48 h后,与对照组比较,2 μmol/L组、4 μmol/L组、8 μmol/L组的细胞凋亡率均升高（均P<0.05）;Bcl-2、PARP、Caspase-3 mRNA表达下降（均P<0.05）,Bax mRNA表达升高（均P<0.05）;Bcl-2、Caspase-3 蛋白表达下降（均P<0.05）,PARP、Bax 蛋白表达升高（均P<0.05）;MDA-MB-231乳腺癌干细胞表面标志物ALDH表达下降（均P<0.05）。TCGA数据库分析显示,ALDH与抗凋亡分子Bcl-2、Caspase-3的表达呈正相关（r=0.209,P=0.007;r=0.235,P=0.002）,与Bax、PARP的表达呈负相关（r=-0.326,P＜0.001;r=-0.453,P＜0.001）。结论 Sal可抑制人乳腺癌MDA-MB-231细胞生长,可能通过下调肿瘤干细胞表面标志物ALDH表达实现。     

miR-204对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨miR-204在人乳腺癌组织及MCF-7细胞中的表达水平及其对乳腺癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法 提取癌症和肿瘤基因组图谱（the cancer genome atlas,TCGA）数据库中浸润性乳腺癌的miR-204相关数据进行汇总,转染miR-204过表达病毒,筛选稳定转染细胞株并通过RT-qPCR检测转染率,MTT法检测过表达miR-204后乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖情况,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况。 结果 miR-204在浸润性乳腺癌组织中的表达水平较癌旁组织明显下调（P＜0.001）,且与淋巴结转移和远处转移相关（P＜0.05）。过表达miR-204能够抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞的增殖能力（P＜0.05）;miR-204上调后,细胞凋亡率达到（34.7±1.9）%,细胞凋亡能力明显增强（P＜0.001）。结论 miR-204可抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖并介导细胞凋亡。     

PCNA的表达与人乳腺癌细胞凋亡的关系

目的：研究增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达与人乳腺癌细胞凋亡的关系。方法：以乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7／S（化疗敏感细胞株）为研究对象,应用MTT比色法检测阿霉素（ADR）对体外培养的MCF-7／S细胞增殖抑制作用,末端标记（TUNEL）法检测ADR诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡,免疫细胞化学法检测ADR作用前后PCNA的表达。结果：ADR抑制MCF-7／S细胞增殖,旱剂量依赖性,IC50为0．128mg／L;ADR作用组MCF-7／S细胞的凋亡率（Apoptoticrate,AR）为0．261,与对照组细胞的凋亡率0．0449相比明显增高（P〈0．01）;PCNA阳性表达率为0．3371,与对照组PCNA阳性表达率0．5152相比明显降低（P〈0．01）。结论：乳腺癌肿瘤细胞的凋亡率（AR）和PCNA的阳性表达呈负相关;ADR能诱导MCF-7／S细胞凋亡,并能抑制其增殖。     

Prognostic significance of apoptosis related gene family bcl-2 in human breast cancer

Bcl-2 family proteins appear to regulate apoptosis,with hcf-2, hcf-xl function as suppressors of apoptosisand bax, hcf-xs as promoters of cell death.ll] Theprognostic significance of these proteins in breast cancerhas been reported, but a comprehensive study is needed.In the present study, we have investigated the expressionof hcf-2, bax, hcf-xl in this multigene family, as regardsto their prognostic value in breast cancer.MATERIALS AND METHODSPatientsNinety-one breast cancer patients …     

紫杉醇诱发人乳癌细胞凋亡的机制研究

探讨紫杉醇诱发人乳腺癌细胞凋亡的发生机制。方法应用细胞形态观察、琼脂糖凝胶电泳、流式细胞仪、活细胞视频观察和蛋白印迹免疫法进行检测和观察。结果癌细胞在紫杉醇作用下,细胞分裂阻滞在分裂期的中期,并诱导细胞发生凋亡。凋亡细胞表现为细胞固缩,核染色质凝聚或者断裂。细胞ＤＮＡ裂解片段呈现典型的“阶梯状”排列的条带。凋亡抑制基因Ｂｃｌ－２在细胞凋亡过程中呈低表达并发生修饰反应,而凋亡诱导基因Ｂａｘ先呈高表达然后表达降低。结论紫杉醇诱发的人乳癌细胞的凋亡与细胞分裂期阻滞密切相关,Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ在紫杉醇诱发的人乳癌细胞凋亡中可能起着重要的调控作用     

BRM-SJS induces programmed cell death in BCAP-37 human breast cancer cells

Today breast cancer displays a significant health problem in the world because the breast cancer morbidity is gradually increasing[1-7]. BRM-SJS has been shown to be capable of inhibiting the growth of several kinds of animal tumor cells in vitro and in vivo[8], the mechanism of which remains unknown. Cell death may occur by either of two mechanisms: apoptosis or necrosis. Necrosis, the first type of cell death is recognized by people, apoptosis, on the other hand, is a death process involvi…     

JNK pathway regulates estradiol-induced apoptosis in hormone-dependent human breast cancer cells

Estrogen is known to stimulate breast cancer development in humans. Ironically, high doses of estrogen can induce regression of hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women. The mechanism by which estrogen induces tumour regression in breast cancer is still unknown. We found that under low growth-stimulated conditions, high concentrations of 17-β-estradiol (estradiol) induces apoptosis and concomitantly increases phosphorylation of c-jun in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, but not in ER-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231 suggesting an ER-mediated event. Interestingly, when the c-jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) signalling pathway was disrupted by the JNK inhibitor SP600125, the ability of estradiol to inhibit the growth of MCF-7 cells and to induce apoptosis was completely blocked. These data suggest that JNK plays a central role in mediating the anticancer effect of high concentrations of estradiol in MCF-7 cells. Our data showing the apoptotic effect of estradiol in low growth-stimulated conditions suggest potential implications for the pharmacological control of breast cancer with high dose estrogen in postmenopausal women. Furthermore, our results indicate that augmenting JNK activity could be an efficient novel approach for treating breast cancer.     

丙戊酸钠通过激活内源性凋亡途径诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡的实验研究

目的探讨丙戊酸钠（VPA）诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡的作用。方法乳腺癌细胞株MCF-7细胞分为0.75～4.0 mmoL/L VPA实验组、对照组（不加VPA）及VPA与caspase抑制剂共同作用组。Annexin V-PI双染法流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,间接免疫荧光法定量分析及分光光度法检测caspase- 3、caspase-8、caspase-9蛋白丰度和活性,探讨VPA诱导凋亡的机制,同时检测VPA与caspase-3、caspase- 8、caspase-9特异性抑制剂协同作用后细胞凋亡的变化来加以验证。结果各浓度VPA干预MCF-7细胞48 h后,细胞凋亡率显著增加,caspase-3、caspase-9活性升高、蛋白表达明显上调,与对照组相比有显著差异（F=552.1、610.9、312.8、222.8、70.3,均P〈0.001）;而caspase-8活性及蛋白表达未见明显改变;1.5、3.0 mmol/L VPA与caspase-3、caspase-9相应特异性抑制剂共同作用组,细胞凋亡率均较VPA组显著降低（t=109.0、28.7、18.7、32.3,均P〈0.005）;VPA与caspase-8特异性抑制剂共同作用组细胞凋亡率与VPA组比较无明显改变（t=1.03、2.32,均P〉0.05）。结论VPA可通过激活caspase-9介导的内源性凋亡途径,明显诱导乳腺癌细胞凋亡,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

红松松塔提取物多聚苯丙素-多糖复合物诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡

目的 研究红松松塔提取物多聚苯丙素-多糖复合物(Polyphenylpropenoid-polysaccharide complex,PPC)诱导人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞凋亡的机制。方法 用体外培养的MCF-7细胞与不同浓度PPC作用不同时间,应用MTT法、荧光染色法、凋亡检测试剂盒、DNA凝胶电泳及Western blot检测PPC对MCF-7细胞增殖的影响和诱导凋亡的作用。结果 PPC可诱导MCF-7细胞发生凋亡。细胞凋亡时Caspase-3和Caspase-9的酶活力升高,Caspase-3前体酶蛋白表达下降;Caspase-3抑制剂(z-DEVE-fmk)可部分抑制PPC诱导的细胞凋亡,并抑制Caspase-3前体酶的活化。结论 PPC通过激活Caspase家族诱导MCF-7细胞凋亡。     

Overexpression of PML induced apoptosis in bladder cancer cell by caspase dependent pathway

The promyelocytic leukemia gene (PML) encodes a growth/tumor suppressor protein that is essential for the induction of apoptosis in response to various apoptotic signals. The mechanism by which PML plays a role in the regulation of cell death is still unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that overexpression of PML suppress the growth of bladder cancer cells by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. To further elucidate the mechanism of PML induced apoptosis in bladder cancer, we constructed a PML inducible stable cell line. We found that the increased expression of PML significantly inhibit the growth of the UM-UC-2/PML clone cells and present apparent massive apoptosis in 24 h post-induction, while the UM-UC-2/PMEP4 cells are not. We also examined the effect of PML on the cell cycle distribution in UM-UC-2 cells. We showed overexpression of PML cause a cell cycle arrest in G1 phase. In additional, increased expression of PML in bladder cancer UM-UC-2 cells reduce Survivin expression and up regulated Caspase-3, and cleaved PARP expression, these suggested that PML might regulate apoptosis through Caspase dependent pathways. Our results demonstrate a novel mechanism of PML-induced apoptosis by down-regulation of Survivin and activation of Caspase dependent pathway.     

MECHANISM OF TAXOL-INDUCED APOPTOSIS IN HUMAN BREAST CANCER CELLS

ＭＥＣＨＡＮＩＳＭＯＦＴＡＸＯＬＩＮＤＵＣＥＤＡＰＯＰＴＯＳＩＳＩＮＨＵＭＡＮＢＲＥＡＳＴＣＡＮＣＥＲＣＥＬＬＳＣｈｅｎＬｉｒｏｎｇ陈丽荣ＺｈｅｎｇＳｈｕ郑树ＭＣＷｉｌｉｎｇｈａｍＦａｎＷｅｉｍｉｎ范伟民ＣａｎｃｅｒＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅ，Ｚｈ...     

克霉唑诱导人结肠癌细胞CCL229凋亡的实验研究

背景与目的：国外有研究表明克霉唑可通过持续耗竭细胞内钙库来抑制肿瘤细胞生长,本研究旨在研究克霉唑诱导人结肠癌细胞凋亡的作用。方法：将不同浓度的克霉唑作用于体外培养的人结肠癌CCL229细胞。利用荧光显微镜,电子显微镜观察细胞的形态变化,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期变化及亚二倍体比例,并利用TUNEL法进行凋亡的分子生物学检测。结果：25－35μmol/L的克霉唑均可诱导CCL229细胞凋亡,其诱导作用表现为时间和剂量依赖性,荧光显微镜及电镜下观察到凋亡小体形成等典型的形态学改变,DNA直方图上显示亚二倍体峰,亚二倍体比例随剂量及时间的增加而增加,相应地,G1期细胞比例下降,TUNEL法观察到棕褐色着染的凋亡阳性细胞。结论：克霉唑对人结肠癌细胞系CCL229有明显的凋亡诱导作用,并且能特异地诱导G1期细胞凋亡。     

免疫效应细胞促进阿霉素诱导乳腺癌耐药细胞凋亡

目的 探讨免疫效应细胞促进阿霉素（ADR）诱导乳腺癌耐药细胞MCF7／ADR凋亡的作用机制。方法 采用干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）、CD3单抗、白介素（IL）-1和IL-2诱导并扩增免疫效应细胞。利用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记（TUNEL）技术和P-糖蛋白（P-gP）免疫组织化学染色,观察P-gP表达与凋亡的关系。用流式细胞术检测乳腺癌相关抗原P185蛋白的表达,以及Annexin V-FITC／PI阳性率。荧光显微镜下观察ADR在靶细胞内的分布和Annexin V的表达。结果 免疫效应细胞使MCF7／ADR细胞P185和P-gP表达明显下降,CIK细胞作用后,MCF7／ADR细胞P185标记荧光几何均数下降了91．9％。免疫效应细胞增加了ADR在MCF7／ADR细胞内的积累及其在细胞核的分布。联合应用免疫效应细胞和ADR后,MCF7／ADR细胞凋亡率达78．9％,比单纯加入ADR组增高了10倍,较单纯加入免疫效应细胞组增高了13倍。结论 免疫效应细胞可同时下调P185蛋白和P-gp蛋白的表达,协同ADR可提高MCF7／ADR细胞的凋亡率。