CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术在周围型肺癌诊断中的临床价值

目的 探讨评价CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术在周围型肺癌诊断中的临床价值.方法 对38例疑似周围型肺癌患者行CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,对照组32例行经支气管镜肺活检,对两组穿刺活检确诊率和并发症发生率进行比较.结果 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检及经支气管镜肺活检的确诊率分别为89.47%及46.88%,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检及经支气管镜肺活检的并发症的发生率分别为18.42%及15.62%,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.结论 CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检术对周围型肺癌诊断准确率高,并发症少.     

五种活检术在肺部块影诊断中的对比研究

目的 探讨五种活检方法在肺部块影诊断中的价值.方法 选择门诊及住院患者经肺部平片及/或CT检查结果诊断为肺部块影1 180例,应用经纤支镜肺活检,X线引导下、B超引导下、CT引导下肺穿刺活检及开胸肺活检术进行检查,并对有关资料进行分析研究.结果对中央型肺部块影应用CT引导下肺活检诊断阳性率显著高于纤支镜检查及X线引导下肺活检组(P＜0.05).纤支镜活检阳性率显著高于X线引导下肺活检组(P＜0.05); 对周围型肺部块影应用CT引导下肺活检阳性率显著高于纤支镜活检、X线及B超引导下肺活检组(P＜0.05).X线引导下肺活检阳性率显著高于纤支镜检查组(P＜0.05).开胸肺活检诊断阳性检率为100%.结论应用纤支镜肺活检对中央型肺部块影诊断阳性率较高、费用低、并发症少,易作为首选检查;对于周围型肺部块影应用CT引导下穿刺肺活检阳性率高、并发症少,宜作为首选检查.开胸肺活检创伤大,费用高,患者不易接受,故可在其它方法不能确诊情况下选用.     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺周围性病变的诊断价值

目的评价CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺周围性病变的临床诊断价值.方法搜集223例肺周围性病变患者接受CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检,回顾性分析了这些患者的病理结果,随访结果,肿块大小以及穿刺并发症,其它检查情况.结果穿刺结果恶性病变的阳性预测值为100%,3例假阴性,没有1例假阳性,敏感度为93.6%,特异度为100%;良性病变的阴性预测值为94.8%;大小结节多次穿刺取材满意率无差异;大结节一次穿刺取材满意率优于小结节(P＜0.005);常规检查中,CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对肺部周围性病变病理检查阳性率最高.结论CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检对周围型肺部病变的诊断的准确性较高、并发症较低.     

周围型肺癌穿刺活检的应用价值与要点研究

目的:探讨CT引导下肺穿刺活检术对诊断周围型肺癌的临床应用价值及治疗要点。方法:随机选择周围型肺癌患者680例进行临床分析,患者均行CT引导肺穿刺活检术治疗周围型肺癌,根据患者治疗后的实际情况分析周围型肺癌穿刺活检的临床应用价值。结果:所有病例的穿刺均一次性成功,成功率达到了100%,穿刺活检后病理诊断确准率亦达到100%,无一例发生并发症及紧急处理情况。仅有3例患者于活检部位感到疼痛。结论:CT引导肺穿刺活检术可为周围型肺癌提供准确、安全的诊断依据。     

CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检500例临床分析

目的:探讨CT引导下经皮肺穿刺对肺周围型肿块的诊断价值。方法:采用美国巴德公司生产自动弹簧装载活检针在CT定位下对500例肺部周围型肿块的穿刺活检。结果:500例均穿刺成功,阳性率为100%。其中肺癌384例、胸膜间皮瘤6例、转移癌47例;结核52例、肉芽肿样炎症6例、未能定论5例。结论:CT引导下经皮肺穿刺对诊断肺癌,尤其是周围型肺癌有重要价值:敏感性、特异性、准确性高,且较安全。     

经直肠超声造影引导前列腺穿刺活检的临床研究

目的 对比超声造影(contrast-enhanced ultrasound,CEUS)及常规经直肠超声(transrectal ultrasound,TRUS)引导穿刺活检结果,探讨经直肠超声造影(contrast enhanced transrectal ultrasound,CETRUS)引导在前列腺穿刺活检中的应用价值。 方法 108例可疑前列腺癌患者行超声引导前列腺穿刺活检术,其中研究组43例患者,采用SonoVue造影剂及超声造影成像技术于前列腺穿刺前进行经直肠前列腺超声造影,并指导穿刺活检;对照组65例患者,常规行经直肠超声引导前列腺穿刺术,对比分析2组前列腺癌检出率、穿刺针数及单针阳性率。 结果 研究组前列腺癌病灶超声造影主要表现为快进快退、不均匀高增强;前列腺良性病灶表现为与周围组织同步灌注同步消退,以均匀等增强、高增强为主。研究组前列腺癌检出率为51.2%,对照组前列腺癌检出率为30.8%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);研究组平均穿刺针数(11.37±0.58)针,对照组(11.11±0.77)针,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);研究组单针阳性率14.9%,对照组单针阳性率9.4%,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。 结论 CETRUS引导前列腺穿刺活检可以提高前列腺癌的诊断率和穿刺的单针阳性率,具有推广应用价值。      

CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术对周围型肺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术对周围型肺癌患者诊断准确率的影响。方法选取2014年5月至2016年2月长葛市人民医院收治的76例疑似周围型肺癌患者,将其按随机数表法分为对照组与观察组,各38例。对照组行采用支气管镜肺活检术,对观察组实施CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术。统计比较两组诊断确诊率及并发症发生率。结果观察组诊断确诊率[92.11%(35/38)]高于对照组[47.37%(18/38)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组穿刺后并发症发生率[5.26%(2/38)]低于对照组[23.68%(9/38)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 CT引导下经皮穿刺活检术可提高周围型肺癌确诊率,并发症发生率较低,具有较高诊断价值。     

实时超声与CT引导下对周围型肺占位病变穿刺诊断的比较

目的比较实时超声与CT引导下对周围型肺占位性病变穿刺活检的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2010年5月—2015年12月我院收治的228例周围型肺占位性病变患者资料,根据穿刺活检方法不同分为实时超声引导组126例,CT引导组102例,观察比较两组病理学结果及并发症发生情况。结果 228例患者的组织病理学阳性率为96.93%,其中实时超声引导组99.21%(125/126),CT引导组94.12%(96/102),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。穿刺中发生各种并发症13例,实时超声引导组发生率为2.38%(3/126),明显低于CT引导组的9.80%(10/102),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实时超声与CT引导下经皮对周围型肺占位性病变的诊断病理组织阳性率均较高,但实时超声引导下更具有创伤性小、快捷、经济、并发症少等优点。     

肺周围型病灶应用EBUS-TBLB、CT引导肺活检的对比研究

探究常规CT引导、强化CT引导经皮肺穿刺活检,以及支气管内超声引导经支气管镜肺穿刺活检（EBUS-TBLB）在肺周围型病变的诊断价值。方法选取2012 年1 月-2014 年1 月该院452 例肺周围型病灶患者的临床资料。根据肺活检方法不同,分为常规CT 引导组180 例、强化CT 引导组132 例、EBUSTBLB组140 例,比较3 种活检方法取材满意率、肺癌确诊率、并发症发生率、敏感性、特异性、准确性及相关影响因素。结果EBUS-TBLB 组和强化CT 引导组在气胸发生率、咯血或咯血增大率方面低于常规CT引导组（ p<0.05）并且EBUS-TBLB 组气胸发生率低于强化CT 引导组（ p<0.05）;3 种穿刺活检方法敏感性、特异性、准确性均较高。影响因素分析：在常规CT引导组,病灶大小与气胸发生率及咳血或咳血增大率相关（p <0.05）,在常规CT 和强化CT引导组,病灶和胸壁的距离与气胸发生率相关（ p<0.05）。结论常规CT 引导、强化CT引导经皮肺穿刺及EBUS-TBLB均可作为肺周围型病变的诊断手段,其中EBUS-TBLB损伤小、安全性高。     

320排CT双输入模型灌注成像在肺结节穿刺活检中的临床应用研究

目的 分析320排CT低剂量全肺双输入模型灌注成像(DI-CTP)血供分析在肺结节经皮CT引导穿刺活检的临床应用价值。方法 回顾性分析CT引导穿刺活检病例单发肺结节113例(直径1～4 cm),分为常规组(胸部增强CT)51例、DI-CTP组62例,比较两种穿刺方法的穿刺成功率、阳性率及临床符合率。结果 常规组对肺结节穿刺成功率92.15%(47/51)、穿刺活检阳性率8 2.3 5%(4 2/5 1),临床符合率为76.47%(39/51),DI-CTP组穿刺成功率98.38%(61/62)、穿刺活检阳性率95.16%(59/62),临床符合率为91.93%(57/62)。DI-CTP组穿刺活检阳性率(χ²=4.83,P<0.05)及临床符合率(χ²=5.23、P<0.05)显著高于常规组。结论 肺结节DI-CTP灌注参数结合灌注伪彩图为穿刺活检提供了直观影像学依据,显著提高了肺结节的鉴别诊断效能及穿刺活检临床符合率。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.