重症急性胰腺炎患者血浆D-二聚体及甘油三酯变化的临床意义

目的探讨检测血浆D-二聚体（D-Dimer）浓度及甘油三酯（TG）水平对重症急性胰腺炎（SAP）患者的临床价值。方法采用双抗体夹心ELISA法、全自动生化分析仪分别测定26例SAP患者（SAP组）、32例轻症急性胰腺炎（MAP）患者（MAP组）、30例健康查体者（对照组）的血浆D-Dimer浓度及TG水平,并进行比较。结果 SAP组血浆D-Dimer浓度、TG水平高于MAP组及对照组（P均〈0.01或〈0.05）,而MAP组与对照组比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。结论检测D-Dimer含量及TG水平对SAP诊断、临床治疗有重要价值。     

TyG指数、GLR联合BISAP评分对高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎严重程度的早期预测价值分析

目的 分析甘油三酯-葡萄糖(TyG)指数、葡萄糖与淋巴细胞比值(GLR)联合急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数(BISAP)评分对高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎(HTG-AP)严重程度的早期预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2018年5月至2023年5月武汉市第三医院收治的166例HTG-AP患者的临床资料,其中非重症组113例,重症组53例。比较两组入院24 h内采集的临床资料,采用多因素logistic回归分析重症HTG-AP发生的独立影响因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析TyG指数、GLR、BISAP评分预测重症HTG-AP的效能。结果 重症组高血压病、糖尿病人数比例大于非重症组,住院时间长于非重症组,淋巴细胞(LYM)、钙(Ca²⁺)水平低于非重症组,红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)、D-二聚体(DDI)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、TyG指数、GLR水平及BISAP评分高于非重症组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析...     

重症高甘油三酯性急性胰腺炎的临床特征分析

目的分析重症急性高甘油三酯性急性胰腺炎(HTGP)的临床特点。方法收集2013年1月-2016年6月广西医科大学第一附属医院179例中度重症急性胰腺炎(MSAP)和重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)患者资料。按病因分为4组:重症胆源性急性胰腺炎68例、重症酒精性急性胰腺炎39例、HTGP 45例及其他重症急性胰腺炎组(其他组) 27例,记录前3组有明确病因患者的人口学资料、入院第1天TG水平、病因、胰腺坏死,全身并发症[急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、急性肾功能损伤、低血压、弥散性血管内凝血],其他临床结果(是否入住ICU、住院时间、病死率)。为了进一步了解TG浓度对AP患者转归的影响,根据入院第1天TG水平不同分为血脂正常(82例)、轻度(52例)、中度(28例)、重度(17例) 4组,对不同水平组全身并发症、胰腺坏死、临床结果的发生率进行分析。计量资料多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验,计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验,采用Spearman秩相关作相关分析。结果结果显示,胆道疾病仍然是SAP的第一大病因(38%),而高甘油三酯血症成为了SAP的第二大病因(25%)。全身并发症的比较中,高甘油三酯血症组较胆源性急性胰腺炎组及酒精性急性胰腺炎组更易出现ARDS(P值分别为0. 014、0. 022);各TG水平组间全身并发症如ARDS、急性肾功能损伤发生率与TG水平存在正相关(r值分别为0. 966、0. 982,P值分别为0. 004、0. 019)。结论HTGP较胆源性急性胰腺炎组及酒精性急性胰腺炎组出现ARDS的发生率更高,随着TG水平升高,更容易引起ARDS、急性肾功能损伤。     

甘油三酯葡萄糖指数与重症高甘油三酯血症性胰腺炎的相关性研究

目的探讨甘油三酯葡萄糖(TyG)指数与重症高甘油三酯血症性胰腺炎(HTGP)的相关性, 为HTGP早期病情评估及临床决策提供帮助。方法回顾性收集2016年1月至2021年12月于浙江大学医学院附属邵逸夫医院确诊为HTGP的770例患者的临床资料。根据胰腺炎严重程度分为轻症急性胰腺炎(MAP)组、中度重症急性胰腺炎(MSAP)组和重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)组, 比较3组间TyG指数的差异。计算所有HTGP患者TyG指数的四分位数, 根据患者TyG指数分为第1四分位数(Q1)组、第2四分位数(Q2)组、第3四分位数(Q3)组、第4四分位数(Q4)组。统计各TyG指数四分位数组患者的胰腺炎严重程度分布情况。统计学方法采用Kruskal-WallisH检验。采用Spearman相关性检验分析TyG指数四分位数组与胰腺炎严重程度之间的相关性, 采用线性趋势卡方检验分析组间SAP发生率趋势, 采用二元逐步logistic回归分析各TyG四分位数组与SAP发生风险之间的关系并进行趋势性检验。结果 770例HTGP患者中, MAP、MSAP和SAP组分别有330例(42.9%)、268例(34.8%)和...     

血钙、D-二聚体、血糖对高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎预后的影响

目的:观察高甘油三酯血症性急性胰腺炎(HLAP)患者血钙、D-二聚体、血糖水平的变化,探讨其与疾病严重程度及预后的关系。方法:选择急性胰腺炎(AP)患者366例,其中76例患者为HLAP。另外选择60例健康志愿者作为对照组。根据疾病严重程度,将HLAP患者分为轻症和重症患者。测定患者血甘油三酯(TG)、血钙、D-二聚体和血糖水平,并计算24 h急性生理与慢性健康状况(APACHEⅡ)评分和48h急性胰腺炎预后因素(Ranson)评分,评估对HLAP患者疾病严重程度和预后的影响。结果:HLAP组患者24h APACHEⅡ评分和48h Ranson评分明显高于非HLAP组患者(P0.05)。HLAP组患者血糖、血钙、D-二聚体水平分别为(13.03±5.22)mmol/L、(2.02±0.37)mmol/L、(2.34±1.45)mg/L,与非HLAP组患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。且HLAP组患者病情越严重,TG水平、血糖和D-二聚体水平越高,血钙水平越低(P0.05)。结论:HLAP患者进行血糖、血钙和D-二聚体水平检测,有助于对患者疾病严重程度和预后进行判断。     

不同程度高甘油三酯血症对于急性胰腺炎病情严重性的影响

背景体内过多的游离脂肪酸可损伤胰腺腺泡细胞、产生大量炎症因子,导致多器官功能损伤.本研究通过观察不同程度高甘油三酯血症(hypertriglyceridemia,HTG)对急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis, AP)病情严重性的影响,从而证实随着血脂水平升高,重症化风险亦随之增加.目的探讨在发病初期不同程度的HTG对于高脂血症型急性胰腺炎(hyperlipidemic acute pancreatitis, HLAP)病情严重性的影响.方法回顾性分析2016-06/2019-12我院收治的87例HLAP患者临床资料,根据患者入院时血清甘油三脂(triglyceride,TG)水平,分为三组:(1)中度HTG组(TG5.65-11.30m m o l/L);(2)重度H T G组(T G11.3-22.3mmol/L);(3)极重度HTG组(TG≥22.4mmol/L),对比观察三组患者各项生化指标、改良CT严重指数(modifiedCTseverityindex,MCTSI)评分、病情严重程度的变化.结果与中度H T G组相比,重度、极重度H T G组患者MCTSI评分、C反应蛋白(C-reactiveprotein,CRP)明显增加,中度重症急性胰腺炎(moderately sever acute pancreatitis, MSAP)/重症急性胰腺炎(sever acute pancreatitis,SAP)的发生率显著上升;但MCTSI评分、CRP在重度、极重度HTG组之间的差异无统计学意义.结论在发病24 h内血清TG的水平影响HLAP的病情严重程度,中度HTG诱发AP的病情程度轻,出现重症化转变的风险较低;而重度/极重度HTG可能是HLAP重症化的高危因素之一.     

未成熟粒细胞百分率联合中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、C反应蛋白/白蛋白比值在老年重症急性胰腺炎早期评估中的应用价值

目的 探讨未成熟粒细胞百分率(IG%)联合中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、C反应蛋白(CRP)/白蛋白(Alb)比值在老年重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)早期诊断中的价值。方法 选取2018年1月～2022年3月广州市第一人民医院收治的老年急性胰腺炎(AP)患者266例,根据病情严重程度将其分为非SAP组(222例)及SAP组(44例)。收集所有患者的一般临床资料及实验室检查指标并分组进行比较。采用Spearman相关分析评估入院时各指标与老年AP严重程度的相关性;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析入院时IG%、NLR、CRP/Alb比值单一及联合对老年SAP的诊断效能。结果 SAP组患者Alb水平低于非SAP组,WBC计数、NEUT及CRP水平均高于SAP组(P<0.05)。入院时及入院后第3天,SAP组患者IG%、NLR、CRP/Alb比值均显著大于同期非SAP组;两组患者入院后第3天IG%、NLR、CRP/Alb比值均明显大于同组入院时(P<0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,IG%、NLR、CRP/Alb比值与老年AP严重程度均呈正相关(P<0.05)。R...     

老年营养风险指数、全身免疫炎症指数及甘油三酯葡萄糖指数在老年急性胰腺炎中的临床价值

【摘要】 探讨老年营养风险指数（GNRI）、系统免疫炎症指数（SII）及甘油三酯葡萄糖（TyG）指数在老年急性胰腺炎患者（AP）中的临床价值。方法 选取老年AP患者161例，根据其严重程度分为73例轻度急性胰腺炎（MAP）组、42例中度急性胰腺炎(MSAP)组和46例重度急性胰腺炎（SAP）组。46例SAP患者根据死亡情况分为死亡组17例和存活组29例。比较各组GNRI、SII及TyG指数情况。应用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析GNRI、SII及TyG指数预测老年SAP发生及死亡的价值。结果 SAP组GNRI（84.62±3.73 vs 88.75±6.10，92.80±8.06）明显低于MSAP组和MAP组（P<0.001），而SAP组SII（2738.74±1068.15 vs 1950.42±987.82，1293.27±719.50）及TyG指数（7.92±1.26 vs 6.47±1.02，4.60±0.53）明显高于MSAP组和MAP组（P<0.001）。死亡组GNRI（82.40±3.10 vs 87.53±4.92）明显低于存活组（P<0.001），而死亡组SII（3160.94±1207.15 vs 2318.50±1002.53）及TyG指数（9.36±1.42 vs 6.75±1.16）明显高于存活组（P<0.001）。ROC曲线显示，GNRI、SII及TyG指数三项联合预测老年SAP发生及死亡的AUC分别为0.857（95%CI：0.798～0.916）、0.910（95%CI：0.848～0.971）。结论 GNRI、SII及TyG指数与老年AP严重程度及预后有关，三项联合检测对SAP诊断及预测死亡具有较高的临床价值。     

BISAP评分联合TG、MAP1-LC3对急性胰腺炎预后的预测价值

[目的]:探讨急性胰腺炎(AP)严重程度床边指数(BISAP)评分联合甘油三酯(TG)、微管相关蛋白1轻链3(MAP1-LC3)对急性胰腺炎预后的评估价值。[方法]选择2014年3月～2018年6月我院收治的154例AP患者为研究对象,根据病情严重程度分为轻症AP(MAP)组和重症AP(SAP)组,2组患者分别为82例和72例,另选取同期来我院进行检查的56例健康人作为对照组。对MAP和SAP组患者BISAP评分进行比较,采用ELISA法检测3组血清TG和MAP1-LC3水平并进行比较。[结果]SAP组BISAP评分显著高于MAP组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);不同预后结局中,死亡患者BISAP评分显著高于多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)和胰腺坏死患者;SAP组血清TG和MAP1-LC3水平显著高于MAP组和对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);Person相关性分析显示BISAP评分与血清TG、MAP1-LC3水平呈正相关;BISAP评分联合TG和MAP1-LC3预测死亡患者的准确度显著高于单独BISAP评分预测,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]BISAP评分、TG和MAP1-LC3是评估AP预后的重要指标,BISAP评分联合血清TG和MAP1-LC3能够有效预测AP预后,准确度高,具有重要的预后预测价值,值得在临床进一步应用。     

基于修订版亚特兰大分类的中重度急性胰腺炎的异质性分析

背景：近年研究发现,中重度急性胰腺炎(MSAP)不同亚组之间的临床结局存在差异。目的：进一步细分MSAP,探讨MSAP亚组间的异质性。方法：回顾性分析2016年1月—2020年12月江苏省苏北人民医院收治的急性胰腺炎(AP)患者,包括538例轻度急性胰腺炎(MAP)患者和461例MSAP患者。其中,MSAP患者根据局部并发症和一过性器官衰竭(TOF)分为单发急性胰周液体积聚(APFC)且不伴TOF组(A组)、多发APFC且不伴TOF组(B组)、其他局部并发症且不伴TOF组(C组)、伴有TOF组(D组)。比较4亚组的基线资料、病情严重程度,同时比较A组与MAP患者的病情严重程度,运用Logistic回归分析评估MSAP发生的危险因素。结果：D组患者的年龄明显高于A组(P<0.05)。4亚组不同评分系统相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),D组APACHEⅡ评分≥8分、Glasgow评分≥3分、BISAP≥3分的比例均显著高于其他3组(P<0.05)。4亚组间Ca²⁺、LDH、CRP、PCT、BUN水平相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),...     

Antihypertensive therapy with diltiazem and comparison with hydrochlorothiazide

Fourteen hypertensive patients with a mean sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP) of 153 +/- 16/100 +/- 4 mm Hg were treated successively with hydrochlorothiazide and diltiazem for 8 weeks each. The BP response and changes in heart rate, left ventricular size and function, and plasma catecholamine concentrations and renin activity were monitored. The 2 drugs had comparable antihypertensive effects, with mean decreases of 14, 9 and 11 mm Hg for the sitting, standing and supine diastolic BP, respectively, during hydrochlorothiazide treatment and mean decreases of 16, 18 and 12 mm Hg during diltiazem treatment. Heart rate was unchanged, although plasma norepinephrine concentrations increased significantly during diltiazem treatment. Plasma renin activity increased slightly, from 0.6 to 0.9 ng/ml/hour during diltiazem treatment, but the change was not significant (p less than 0.10). Left ventricular ejection fraction and end-diastolic volume were not affected by either agent. In conclusion, diltiazem is an effective antihypertensive agent, which because of its benign side effect profile, may be useful as a step 1 agent.     

Beta blocker overdose with propranolol and with atenolol

During a one-month period, two cases of beta-adrenergic blocker overdose were treated by the emergency staff at our hospital. One case of propranolol intoxication demonstrated profound cardiovascular collapse and generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The condition failed to respond to high-dose intravenous pressor agents, but did improve significantly with IV glucagon infusion. The second overdose involved atenolol. Although the blood levels reported were very high, the patient showed no cardiovascular compromise and required only inhaled bronchodilators for an exacerbation of her asthma.     

Safer colonoscopy with patient-controlled analgesia and sedation with propofol and alfentanil.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of patient-controlled analgesia and sedation with propofol/alfentanil for colonoscopy compared with continuous drug infusion and conventional nurse-administered medication. METHODS: One hundred fifty patients undergoing colonoscopy on an outpatient basis were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 medication regimens. To maintain blinding, all patients were connected to an infusion pump. Group I patients could self-administer boluses of 4.8 mg propofol and 125 microg alfentanil without restriction. Group II patients received a continuous infusion with 0.048 mg/kg propofol and 0.12 microg/kg alfentanil per minute. Group III patients received intravenous premedication with 0.035 mg/kg midazolam and 0.35 mg/kg meperidine. RESULTS: There were no differences between the groups with respect to pain (visual analogue scale) and procedure time. Patient-controlled analgesia and sedation with propofol/alfentanil (group I) resulted in less of an increase in the transcutaneous partial pressure of carbon dioxide (p = 0.0004) during colonoscopy and less of a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (p = 0.0021) during recovery, as well as more complete recovery (p = 0.0019) after 45 minutes compared with conventional administration of midazolam/meperidine. Furthermore, patient-controlled analgesia and sedation yielded a higher degree of patient satisfaction than continuous infusion of propofol/alfentanil (p = 0.0033) or nurse-administered midazolam/meperidine (p = 0.0094). CONCLUSIONS: Patient-controlled administration of propofol and alfentanil for colonoscopy may provide a better margin of safety than conventional administration of midazolam and meperidine and results in a higher level of patient satisfaction and shorter recovery.     

Refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts and RARS with thrombocytosis

Disease Overview : Ring sideroblasts (RS) are erythroid precursors with abnormal perinuclear mitochondrial iron accumulation. Two myeloid neoplasms defined by the presence of RS, include refractory anemia with ring sideroblasts (RARS) and RARS with thrombocytosis (RARS‐T). Diagnosis : RARS is a lower risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with dysplasia limited to the erythroid lineage, <5% bone marrow (BM) blasts and ≥15% BM RS. RARS‐T is a provisional entity in the MDS/MPN (myeloproliferative neoplasm) overlap syndromes, with diagnostic features of RARS, along with a platelet count ≥450 × 10(9)/L and large atypical megakaryocytes similar to those observed in BCR‐ABL1 negative MPN. Mutations and Karyotype : Mutations in the SF3B1 gene are seen in ≥80% of patients with RARS and RARS‐T, and strongly correlate with the presence of BM RS; RARS‐T patients have additional mutations such as, JAK2V617F (～60%), MPL (<5%), and CALR (<5%). Cytogenetic abnormalities are uncommon in both RARS and RARS‐T. Risk stratification : Most patients with RARS are stratified into lower risk groups by the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) for MDS and the revised IPSS. Disease outcome in RARS‐T is better than that of RARS, but worse than that of essential thrombocytosis. Both RARS and RARS‐T have a low risk of leukemic transformation. Treatment : Anemia and iron overload are complications in both diseases and are managed similar to lower risk MDS. Aspirin therapy is reasonable in RARS‐T, especially in the presence of JAK2V617F, but the value of platelet‐lowering drugs is uncertain. Case reports of RARS‐T therapy with lenalidomide warrant additional studies. Am. J. Hematol. 90:550–559, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Mapping quantitative traits with random and with ascertained sibships

Use of a robust score statistic based on a variance components model to map quantitative trait loci in randomly sampled pedigrees is reviewed. Sibships ascertained through a single proband are discussed. Under a standard assumption of multivariate normality, two suggested methods of ascertainment correction are shown to be asymptotically equivalent when the number of sibships is large.