生姜对空腹时胆囊大小及试餐后胆囊收缩的影响

使用超声成像仪研究生姜对人体空腹胆囊大小和试餐引起的胆囊收缩运动的影响。结果表明，人口服５％的生姜煎液１００ｍｌ对空腹胆囊大小无明显影响。但可明显减少度餐引起的胆囊收缩。     

应用胸腹呼吸运动记录仪观察膈肌收缩功能

呼吸衰竭是肺心病患者死亡的主要原因之一，而呼吸肌疲劳是促使呼吸衰竭发展的重要因素。因此，为了达到诊断膈肌疲劳和改善膈肌功能的目的，我们研制了胸腹壁运动图的记录装置，是一种简单的测定膈肌疲劳的方法之一。发现住院的慢性肺心病患者中，出现膈肌疲劳的占有相当高的比率。作者对27例住院的肺心病患者，通过胸腹壁运动图的描记，发现有11例患者呈现胸腹壁运动曲线的矛盾运动，说明存在膈肌疲劳。对这11例患者给予氨茶碱的负荷剂量6mg/kg,于30min内静脉滴注完毕，立即进行胸腹壁运动曲线的描记，以便与滴药前的图形进行比较。11例中有7例滴药后其胸腹壁运动曲线已由滴注前的矛盾运动转为同步运动，说明膈肌收缩功能有明显改善。另有16例滴注前呈同步运动（无膈肌疲劳），也有14例在滴注完毕时腹壁吸气时曲线幅度较用药前平均提高39．22％，说明对膈肌收缩性能也有一定改善。文中对胸腹壁运动记录装置的制作、正常及异常曲线的产生机理和临床意义，以及氨茶碱改善膈肌收缩性能的机制做了介绍和讨论。     

利用Tet-Off表达系统构建鞘磷脂合酶可调控高表达的Huh7肝癌细胞

 目的 利用Tet-Off表达系统构建鞘磷脂合酶（sphingomyelin synthase,SMS）可被Dox调控高表达的Huh7细胞,为进一步探讨SMS活性升高致动脉粥样硬化的机制打下基础（建立细胞模型）。方法 首先将Tet-Off调控质粒转染Huh7细胞构建Huh7-tTA细胞,然后再将含外源性人SMS基因（hSMS）的PTREE2hyg质粒转染Huh7-tTA细胞,经分离纯化成功构建可调控表达hSMS的Huh7单克隆细胞（命名为SMS细胞,SMS1和SMS2）。为了便于检测外源性hSMS,利用FLAG标记hSMS（SMS-FLAG）。结果 SMS细胞表达SMS-FLAG受不同剂量Dox调控,SMS mRNA测定结果显示: 0 ng/mL Dox剂量组较0.01 ng/mL和100 ng/mL Dox组均有显著升高（P<0.05和P<0.001）;0.01 ng/mL Dox组较100 ng/mL Dox组也有显著升高（P<0.05）。SMS蛋白测定结果相似于SMS mRNA结果。SMS酶活性测定结果显示0 ng/mL Dox组显著高于100 ng/mL Dx组（P<0.001）,而对照组（Huh7-tTA）、100 ng/mL Dox组和野生型Huh7细胞组之间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 利用Tet-Off体系成功构建SMS高表达可调控Huh7细胞,SMS细胞SMS高表达受Dox剂量调控。     

A patient with hyperlipidemia who had a gallbladder stone caused by administration of fenofibrate

Fibrates are widely used for treatment of hyperlipidemia. It has been reported that gallbladder stones are formed by administration of clofibrate. It is thought that fenofibrate can cause the formation of gallbladder stone as a side effect. We encountered a patient with hyperlipidemia in whom a gallbladder stone was detected by computed tomographic scanning 3 months after the start of administration of fenofibrate during follow-up observation by blood biochemical examination and computed tomographic scanning. This case report will be of great value and importance.     

中药复方JEYS解痉镇痛抗炎作用的实验研究

目的:观察中药复方JEYS的解痉镇痛抗炎作用.方法:用乙酰胆碱(Ach)和氯化钡(BaCl2)致家兔离体胆囊平滑肌收缩,观察TCCJEYS的解痉作用;采用冰醋酸致小鼠扭体法观察TCCJEYS的镇痛作用,采用二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀法观察TCCJEYS的抗炎作用.结果:TCCJEYS能抑制Ach和BaCl2引起的家兔胆囊平滑...     

人鞘磷脂合酶干扰载体的构建与鉴定

 【摘要】目的 构建沉默人鞘磷脂合酶1 (SMS1)和鞘磷脂合酶2 (SMS2)基因表达的重组干扰载体,为进一步研究人SMS1和SMS2基因与动脉粥样硬化及其他疾病发生的关系提供研究基础。方法 根据基因序列数据库中报道的人SMS1和SMS2基因序列及短发夹RNA (shRNA) 设计原则,设计并合成用于构建人SMS沉默载体的DNA寡核苷酸,应用基因重组技术分别和线性化pSUPER干扰载体连接,构建了pSUPER-SMS1和pSUPER-SMS2重组干扰载体,并用EcoRI和HindIII限制性内切酶同时处理重组载体pSUPER-SMS1和pSUPER-SMS2,随后测序,以鉴定重组干扰载体含有目的序列。同时为检测重组干扰载体对人SMS1和SMS2基因的干扰效率,本研究利用脂质体(Lipofectamine 2000)分别转染肝癌细胞HepG2,于48 h 后分别检测HepG2细胞SMS1和SMS2 mRNA的转录水平与SMS酶活(薄层层析法,TLC)。结果 所筛选到的重组质粒pSUPER-SMS1和pSUPER-SMS2经EcoRⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切后获得了281 bp DNA片段,且测序结果和理论设计的DNA寡核苷酸一致;随后检测转染HepG2细胞后SMS1和SMS2的mRNA表达水平。实验结果显示SMS1和SMS2的表达分别下降了45%和67%(P<0.001,n=3),而TLC法的酶活结果检测显示,SMS1和SMS2干扰后的SMS酶活均有显著下降,分别下降了 56%和63%(P<0.001,n=3)。结论 成功构建了人SMS1以及SMS2基因的沉默载体即pSUPER SMS1和pSUPER SMS2。     

Somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 long term therapy for vipoma

The definitive treatment of a pancreatic tumour secreting vasoactive intestinal polypeptide is surgical removal of the tumour, but when curative resection is not possible symptomatic treatment of the endocrine hyperfunction is important. Streptozotocin, although effective for palliation, can involve unpleasant side effects. We report the long term use of subcutaneous somatostatin analogue SMS 201-995 in an elderly man presenting with severe watery diarrhoea and anaemia due to a pancreatic vipoma. Good symptomatic improvement has been achieved with no side effects over a period of 24 months. We suggest there is a use for subcutaneous SMS 201-995 in elderly patients with inoperable pancreatic gut hormone producing tumours with metastases and in those where surgery would carry a high operative risk.     

疏肝利胆中药防止胆固醇结石形成的实验研究

目的:探讨疏肝利胆中药胆石净防治胆石形成的作用机制,以期为临床应用提供理论与实验依据。方法:80只豚鼠随机分为正常对照组、模型组、熊去氧胆酸(ursodeoxycholicacid,UDCA)组、疏肝利胆中药(胆石净)组。以高胆固醇致石食饵诱发法建立豚鼠胆石模型。其中疏肝利胆中药组、UDCA组分别给予胆石净、UDCA治疗7周。观察各组豚鼠一般情况、胆囊成石率、胆囊组织形态学变化。结果:疏肝利胆中药组豚鼠一般情况及行为学特征较模型组有明显改善,其胆囊成石率较模型组和UDCA组低,差异有统计学意义。疏肝利胆中药能明显改善胆囊组织的病理结构,主要表现为胆囊黏膜炎症反应明显减轻或消失,胆囊组织结构基本接近于正常。结论:疏肝利胆中药能有效降低胆石的形成。其作用机制可能与改善胆石症胆囊组织病理结构,减少胆固醇对胆囊平滑肌的进一步侵害,从而增强胆囊收缩功能有关。     

Effects of steroidal contraceptives on gallbladder: a review

In regard to gallbladder disease and oral contraceptive use, more than ten controlled epidemiologic studies have been reported and reviewed in this paper. The findings presented concerning the association of oral contraceptive use with the development of a gallbladder disease are contradictory. Oral contraceptive use and use of estrogens in postmenopausal women have been reported to be associated with increased attack-rates of a gallbladder disease, but the increased risk is found higher in those using estrogens than progestin based oral contraceptives. Other studies, however, have reported little overall effect of oral contraceptive use on the risk of the gallbladder disease. Where increased risk has been documented, this has been more related to duration than overall. The increased risk of oral contraceptive use to gallbladder disease has been observed higher in the 6-12 months of usage. Only one study has reported increased risk of gallbladder disease in long-term users. The increased gallbladder disease in oral contraceptive users may be greater in multiparae than in nulliparae; pregnancy and obesity may also pose an increased risk to the disease in oral contraceptive users. However, these findings are not widely accepted.     

Prevalence and risk factors for gall bladder polyps

OBJECTIVE: Polyps of gallbladder are tumour-like lesions of this organ. Little has been known about factors associated with the occurrence of gallbladder polyps. We aimed to examine prevalence and factors associated with gallbladder polyps in our region. DESIGN: Prospective clinical study. SETTING: Kocaeli University Teaching Hospital. SUBJECTS: Four hundred and thirty two patients were enrolled to the study. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects were screened for the presence of any pathological condition for gallbladder by upper abdominal ultrasonography completed a questionnaire, and underwent a physical examination and blood chemistry tests. RESULTS: Family history of gastrointestinal disease, gallbladder disease and any neoplastic disease and abnormality in HDL-cholesterol levels had most consistent association at univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of any gastrointestinal disease and abnormalities of HDL-cholesterol levels were significant. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest the formation of gallbladder polyps is associated with fat metabolism. Other unknown factors may also influence the formation of this lesion. Relationship between gallbladder polyps and family history of some diseases suggests us to perform some genetic studies.