α-helical CRH(9-41)与消炎痛联用对家兔内毒素性发热的解热作用

目的：观察促皮质激素释放激素（ＣＲＨ）受体拮抗剂α－ｈｅｌｉｃａｌＣＲＨ（９－４１）与消炎痛联用对家兔内毒素（ＥＴ）性发热的影响。方法：静脉给药,用ＷＲＹ－Ｂ型微机热原测温仪测定家兔的结肠温度。结果：（１）静脉注射消炎痛（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）明显抑制家兔ＥＴ（０２μｇ／ｋｇ）性发热,５ｈ发热反应指数（ＴＲＩ５）显著降低（Ｐ＜００５）。（２）静脉注射ＥＴ（０２μｇ／ｋｇ）引起家兔体温明显双相性升高（双相热）,提前５ｍｉｎ静脉注射α－ｈｅｌｉｃａｌＣＲＨ（９－４１）（２５μｇ／ｋｇ）显著抑制家兔ＥＴ性发热,且双相热第一峰消失,第二峰明显降低。（３）α－ｈｅｌｉｃａｌＣＲＨ（９－４１）与消炎痛联合用药显著抑制家兔ＥＴ性发热,其解热效果显著超过两者单独用药。半剂量消炎痛（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和α－ｈｅｌｉｃａｌＣＲＨ（９－４１）联用解热组与全剂量消炎痛（１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）解热组比较,ＴＲＩ５无显著差别（Ｐ＞００５）。结论：ＣＲＨ可能参与ＥＴ性双相热的形成抑制。ＣＲＨ受体拮抗剂与化学解热剂消炎痛联用可能是一种高效低毒的解热措施     

小鼠的吗啡成瘾及脾细胞免疫功能的变化

腹腔注射吗啡大于５ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ×７ｄ可使小鼠成瘾。但只有４０，１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ的吗啡可显著抑制脾脏空斑形成细胞数及ＣｏｎＡ，ＬＰＳ诱导脾脏Ｔ，Ｂ淋巴细胞增殖和细胞因子ＩＬ－２，ＩＬ－６的产生，低于此剂量的吗啡（包括１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ成瘾剂量）都无此作用。且１，１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ吗啡还能促进Ｔ，Ｂ细胞增殖。提示吗啡对免疫系统的作用是双向的，低剂量的吗啡对免疫反应具有促进作用，高剂量的吗啡具有抑制作用，此抑制作用与吗啡的剂量有关，而与成瘾与否无必然联系。     

α—helical CRH（9—41）与消炎痛联用对家兔内毒素性发热的 …

目的：观察促皮质激素释放激素（ＣＲＨ）受体拮抗剂α－ｈｅｌｉｃａｌ ＣＲＨ（９－４１）与消炎痛联用对家兔内毒素（ＥＴ）性发热的影响。方法：静脉给药，用ＷＲＹ－Ｂ型微机热原测温仪测定家兔的结肠温度。结果：（１）静脉注射消炎痛（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）明显抑制家兔ＥＴ（０．２μｇ／ｋｇ）性发热，５ｈ发热反应指数（ＴＲＩ５）显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５）。（２）静脉注射ＥＴ（０．２μｇ／ｋｇ）引起家兔体温明显双相性升高     

肾移植病人环孢素和酮康唑的联合应用

为预防排斥反应,１９９５～１９９６年环孢素和酮康唑联合用于肾移植病人５６例（基本组）,移植肾很快恢复功能。手术当天即开始用３种免疫抑制剂：甲基强的松龙（３０ｍｇ·ｄ－１）、硫唑嘌呤（２～３ｍｇ·ｄ－１）和环孢素。同时给酮康唑、剂量２００ｍｇ·ｄ－１２...     

酮康唑连续给药对犬肝毒性的病理学观察

为了更深入地研究酮康唑对肝的毒性损害，采用杂种犬作了为期一个月的长期毒性实验，分别用电镜和光镜技术对犬的肝进行了细胞超微结构和病理组织学观察。实验设３个剂量组，给药剂量为大剂量组７０ｍｇ／（ｋｇ．ｄ），中剂量组３５ｍｇ（ｋｇ．ｄ），小剂量组为１７．５ｍｇ（ｋｇ．ｄ），另一组为溶煤对照组，连续灌胃３０天。     

人巨细胞病毒单克隆抗体的研制检定和应用

采用人巨细胞病毒（ＨＣＭＶ）ＡＤ１６９株作为免疫原，制备出１３株鼠－鼠杂交瘤细胞系。对其中的６株进行了检定．免疫印迹试验结果表明：单克隆抗体（ＭｃＡｂ）７Ｂ４、７Ｄ７、７Ｅ１１、８Ｅ８和８Ｄ６相对应的ＨＣＭＶ多肽分子量分别为４６、１５０、３８、５１７２和６５ｋＤ．ＨＣＭＶ感染人胚肺二倍体细胞（２ＢＳ）后不同时间制成抗原片，与ＭｃＡｂ作间接免疫荧光试验。结果表明：ＭｃＡｂ８Ｂ８相应的病毒多肽为即刻早期抗原，其它５株ＭｃＡｂ相应的病毒多肽均为晚期抗原，６株ＭｃＡｂ等量混合后，标上辣根过氧化物酶，用于ＩｇＭ抗体捕获法ＥＬＩＳＡ（ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ）中，并与间接ＥＬＩＳＡ（ＩＥＬＩＳＡ）同时检测ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ．在未经选择的１００份脐带血中，两法均为阳性的３份，两法均为阴性的９４份；ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ阳性而ＩＥＬＩＳＡ阴性的２份血清的特异性试验证明，ＨＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ确为阳性．ＩＥＬＩＳＡ阳性而ＭａｃＥＬＩＳＡ阴性的１份血清的特异性试验证明，它是由ＲＦ引起的假阳性。     

异丙嗪解热的量效和时效关系研究

目的：观察异丙嗪解热的剂量效应关系和时间效应关系：结果：（１）用１ｍｇ、５ｍｇ、１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重三个剂量的异丙嗪给内毒素性发热的家兔注射后，产生了不同的解热效应。１ｍｇ组体温显著降低，双相热的第二峰被抑制；５ｍｇ组体温的上升被完全抑制；１０ｍｇ组体温降至正常以下。（２）注射内毒素后５、３０、１３０ｍｉｎ给予同样剂量的异丙嗪（５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重），产生各有特点的解热效应。５ｍｉｎ组体温不再上升，３０ｍｉｎ组体温随着异丙嗪的注射迅速下降，并降至正常以下，形成负向曲线；１３０ｍｉｎ组体温也随着给药而下降，第二峰被抑制。结论：异丙嗪有显著的剂量依赖性解热效应，体温上升期或体温已升达高峰时给药也能产生迅速的解热作用     

维生素E对冷适应大鼠红细胞膜钠—钾—ATP酶活性及丙二醛含量 …

目的；研究膳食维生素Ｅ（ＶＥ）增强冷适应的机理。方法：用ＳＤ大鼠为研究对象，分别饲以高ＶＥ饲料（２３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，饲料）和低ＶＥ饲料（３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，饲料），观察大鼠红细胞膜钠－钾－ＡＴＰ酶（Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ）活性和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量的变化。结果：冷适应在鼠红细胞Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于对照组，高ＶＥ摄入大鼠红细胞膜Ｎａ－Ｋ－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活性明显高于低于ＶＥ摄入且大鼠；高ＶＥ摄入     

CD3AK细胞对人卵巢癌细胞系的体外杀伤作用

目的：研究卵巢癌盆腔引流淋巴结的淋巴细胞,经ＣＤ３单克隆抗体激活后的杀伤细胞ＣＤ３ＡＫ（ＣＤ３ａｃｔｉｖａｔｅｄｋｉｌｅｒｃｅｌｓ）在体外的抗瘤作用。方法：采用卵巢癌病人盆腔引流淋巴结的淋巴细胞,在体外与ＣＤ３单抗和少量ｒＩＬ－２诱导并激活后,在两株人卵巢癌ＨＯ－８９１０、ＨＯ－８９１０ＰＭ细胞系上进行实验研究。将两株细胞各随机分成６组：（１）阴性对照组（Ａ组）：只加新鲜全培养液;（２）低浓度ＣＤ３ＡＫ组（Ｂ组）：５×１０５·Ｌ－１ＣＤ３ＡＫ培养液;（３）中浓度ＣＤ３ＡＫ组（Ｃ组）：１×１０９·Ｌ－１ＣＤ３ＡＫ培养液;（４）高浓度ＣＤ３ＡＫ组（Ｃ组）：２．５×１０９·Ｌ－１ＣＤ３ＡＫ培养液;（５）顺铂阳性对照组（Ｅ组）：含１０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１顺铂培养液;（６）顺铂＋ＣＤ３ＡＫ联合用药组（Ｆ组）：含１０ｍｇ·Ｌ－１顺铂＋１×１０９·Ｌ－１ＣＤ３ＡＫ培养液,分别用ＬＤＨ活性测定、自然杀伤率及台盼蓝活细胞计数法进行了观察。结果：ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞对卵巢癌细胞有明显的杀伤作用,两株细胞均以中浓度ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞就显示了较好的细胞毒活性作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）,统计学上差异有高度显著性。ＣＤ３ＡＫ细胞与顺铂联合用药时,无论在细胞增     

低治疗量丙戊酸钠引起的神经功能异常2例报告

低治疗量丙戊酸钠引起的神经功能异常２例报告潘英廖卫平何小诗陆雪芬丙戊酸钠（ＶＰＡ）是目前临床上应用较广泛的一种抗癫痫药。虽作用机理仍不清楚，但疗效确切。在常规治疗剂量（２０～３０ｍｇ／ｋｇ·ｄ）范围内，不良反应少见［１］。但我们在临床抗癫痫治疗中，曾...     

维生素B_1、B_6对高频音引起小鼠肝糖原含量变化的影响

小鼠纯音暴露(3kHz,115dB)60min时,肝糖原含量显著高于对照组(P<0.01),事先腹腔注入Vit B_1、B_6肝糖原含量显著低于单纯接受纯音组(均为P<0.01),而与对照组无差异。说明单纯纯音可使小鼠肝糖含量升高;Vit B_1、B_6均有明显对抗纯音所致的肝糖原含量升高作用。     

Dairy products consumption and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level in Saudi children and adults

Vitamin D deficiency is implicated in several calcium deficiency-related disease conditions. We aimed to investigate vitamin D status and its association with consumption frequencies of various dairy products in Saudi population. Subjects consisted of 820 children (327 boys; mean age 14.9 yrs and 493 girls; 14.8 yrs) and 565 adults (249 men, 27.9 yrs and 316 women 32.2 yrs). We estimated the consumption frequencies of various dairy food products (fresh milk, powdered milk, laban, yoghurt and cheese) using a qualitative food frequency questionnaire and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D). Associations between variables of interest were assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. Among the study subjects, 80% boys, 90% girls, 64% men and 50% women had deficient/insufficient levels of vitamin D. Modest associations were found between mean serum 25 (OH) D concentration and fresh milk consumption in children (r=0.11) (especially in girls (r=0.12)), and overall dairy products consumption in women (r=0.12). Conclusion: Results indicated widespread vitamin D deficiency in Saudi Arabian children and adults. High level of vitamin D deficiency and a lack of strong correlation between dairy product consumption and serum level of vitamin D imply a need for adequate fortification of milk and other dairy products with vitamin D.     

The Interplay Between Diet and Emerging Allergy: What Can We Learn From Indigenous Australians?

The pathophysiology of atopic diseases, including asthma and allergy, is the result of complex gene–environment interactions. Since European colonization the Indigenous population of Australia has undergone significant changes with respect to their lifestyle as hunter-gatherers. These changes have had a detrimental effect on Aboriginal health, in part due to immunological modification. This review provides a comparative look at both the traditional Aboriginal/Indigenous diet and modern Western diets, examines some common allergies increasingly reported in contemporary Indigenous populations, and reviews concepts such the effect of vitamin deficiencies and changes in gut microbiota on immune function.     

Lack of association between body weight, bone mineral density and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in normal and osteoporotic women

In an ethnically homogeneous population of women living in Tuscany, Italy, the relationships between age, body weight, bone mineral density and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism were studied, with the objective of recognizing patients at risk for osteoporosis. In 275 women bone mineral density was measured by Dual Energy X-rays Absorptiometry (DEXA). In 50 of them the individual genetic pattern for VDR was evaluated by DNA extraction followed by PCR amplification of the VDR gene, and digestion with the restriction enzyme BsmI. Age and bone mineral density were inversely related (R2 = 0.298). Body weight was associated with bone mineral density (R2 = 0.059), but not with age. In osteoporotic women, mean (+/- SD) body weight was 59.9 +/- 6.5 Kg, lower than that recorded in non osteoporotic women (64.2 +/- 9.4 Kg), even though not significantly different (p = 0.18). No association was found between VDR gene polymorphism, bone density or body weight. The performance of anthropometric and genetic components appear to be poor, and, at least for the time being, bone mineral density measurement by means of MOC-DEXA represents the optimal method to detect women at risk for postmenopausal osteoporosis.     

Dietary vitamin D intake and vitamin D related genetic polymorphisms are not associated with gastric cancer in a hospital-based case-control study in Korea

There have been few studies on the association between vitamin D levels and gastric cancer in Asian populations, but no studies have been performed on the interactions between vitamin D intake and polymorphisms in the vitamin D pathway. The effects of vitamin D intake, vitamin D related genetic polymorphisms, and their association with the incidence of gastric cancer were investigated in a hospital case-control study, including 715 pairs of newly diagnosed gastric cancer patients and controls matched for age and sex. Correlations between vitamin D intake and plasma vitamin D concentrations were also assessed in a subset of subjects. No statistically significant difference was observed in the dietary intake of vitamin D between the patients and controls, nor were there any evident associations between vitamin D intake and risk of gastric cancer in multivariate analyses. Vitamin D intake significantly correlated with the circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, but not with the active form of the vitamin, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. There were no statistically significant interactions between vitamin D intake, and VDR or TXNIP polymorphisms. This study suggests that dietary vitamin D intake is not associated with gastric cancer risk, and the genetic polymorphisms of vitamin D-related genes do not modulate the effect of vitamin D with respect to gastric carcinogenesis.     

Vitamin D deficiency treated by consuming UVB-irradiated mushrooms

Deficiency of vitamin D is usually caused by dietary deficiency and/or lack of exposure to sunlight in dark skinned individuals living at northern latitudes. Simple vitamin D deficiency is commonly treated by prescribing a vitamin D containing calcium supplement. This report presents a patient who rejected this approach and instead, after researching alternative treatment options independently, opted to self-treat by consuming UVB-irradiated mushrooms. The beneficial effect of this on the patient's plasma biochemical markers is shown. Further research into the beneficial effect of consuming UVB-irradiated mushrooms is required.     

In-vitro carbofuran induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes and its mitigation by vitamins C and E

Various efforts have been made in past in order to predict the underlying mechanism of pesticide-induced toxicity using in vitro and animal models, however, these predictions may or may not be directly correlated with humans. The present study was designed to investigate the carbofuran induced genotoxicity and its amelioration by vitamins C and E by treating human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 μM) of this compound. The treatment of PBLs with carbofuran displayed significant DNA damage in concentration dependent manner. The carbofuran induced genotoxicity could be ameliorated to considerable extent by pretreatment of PBLs with equimolar (10 μM) concentration of each of the vitamins C and E; the magnitude of protection by vitamin E being higher than by vitamin C. Also, it was found that the level of protection by these vitamins was higher when PBLs were treated with lower concentrations of pesticide. The significant DNA damage as observed by H_{2}O_{2}, a positive control in the present study, and its amelioration by natural antioxidants (vitamins C and E) lend an evidence to suggest that carbofuran would have caused genotoxicity via pesticide induced oxidative stress.