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1.
Eun-Hae Lim Jung-Il Han Chul Gu Kim Sung Won Cho Tae Gon Lee 《Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO》2013,27(5):351-360
Purpose
To identify the unique pathologic findings of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) in optical coherence tomography (OCT).Methods
Retrospectively, 29 eyes of 25 patients with age-related macular degeneration and complicated RAP were analyzed. All 29 eyes had choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in the area of pigment epithelial detachment (PED) or adjacent to it, which was visible with fluorescein angiography or indocyanine green angiography. Cross-sectional images were obtained by OCT scanning through the CNV lesions.Results
Six distinctive findings of OCT included drusen (100%), inner retinal cyst (80%), outer retinal cyst (68%), fibrovascular PED (84%), serous retinal detachment (40%), and PED (68%).Conclusions
Through analysis of OCT findings, we revealed six different types of lesions distinctive of RAP which may provide helpful diagnostic information for subsequent treatment and predicting the prognosis of RAP. 相似文献2.
Purpose
To describe two cases of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP)-like lesion following radiation therapy for primary tumor.Patients and methods
Retrospective evaluation of two patients with previous irradiation treatment for a pleomorphic adenoma of the lacrimal gland and a vocal cord carcinoma, respectively. Visual acuity (VA), fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography were performed and demonstrated a RAP-like lesion in both cases. Treatment with intravitreal injections of Ranibizumab was performed with a follow-up of 19 and 10 months, respectively.Results
Both the patients had a positive response to the treatment with improvement in VA and reduction of intraretinal fluid.Conclusion
RAP-like lesions can develop following radiation treatment for a primary tumor. In patients presenting with idiopathic RAP, a history of prior radiotherapy should be considered. 相似文献3.
Purpose
We present the case of a young woman with optic disc drusen and peripheral vasculitis.Methods
Diagnosis was based on fundoscopic, optical coherence tomography as well as fluorescein angiography (FA) findings.Results
An asymptomatic 34-year-old female patient with no systemic pathology was referred to our hospital from her optician for retinal findings. Fundoscopy revealed mild disc swelling that could be attributed to the presence of optic disc drusen in both eyes. There was fundoscopic evidence of periphlebitis in the periphery confirmed by FA findings.Conclusions
In our case, the unique feature was the presence of optic disc drusen and retinal periphlebitis. The patient''s disc configuration may have contributed to a predisposition for vasculitis in addition to vessel tortuosity.Key words: Optic disc drusen, Retinal periphlebitis, Optical coherence tomography 相似文献4.
Purpose
To investigate morphologic changes of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.Methods
This retrospective study included 63 eyes of 63 patients with unilateral acute CSC. All patients underwent simultaneous SD-OCT and fluorescein angiography examination using Spectralis HRA+OCT.Results
The external limiting membrane could be seen on SD-OCT, although the junction between photoreceptor inner and outer segments (IS/OS) was not detected in all eyes with retinal detachment (RD). However, IS/OS became visible after resolution of serous RD in 51 eyes (81.0%). SD-OCT images at the leakage sites showed a bump of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in in 47 cases (68.1%) and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in 22 of 69 leakage sites (31.9%). In 14 of 69 leakage sites (20.3%), highly reflective areas suggesting fibrinous exudate were observed in the subretinal space. In nine leakage sites (13.0%), sagging or dipping of the posterior retinal layer was seen. Abnormal RPE changes such as RPE bump and PED were observed in 12 of 22 fellow eyes (54.5%).Conclusions
A variety of morphologic changes could be identified on SD-OCT, and those findings may contribute more information to our understanding of the pathophysiology of CSC. 相似文献5.
Purpose
There is increasing evidence that high-powered hand-held laser devices cause retinal injury. We present 12-month follow-up data for three patients that we previously reported with such retinal injuries.Methods
A retrospective case series of three children with maculopathy secondary to exposure to high-power hand-held laser devices. All children underwent clinical examination and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) at presentation and follow-up. Fundus-controlled microperimetry was also undertaken 12–19 months after exposure.Results
Three children sustained macular injury after exposure to a high-powered hand-held laser. Acutely, they presented with a ‘vitelliform-like'' maculopathy with reduced vision. Over the course of follow-up, the best corrected Snellen acuity in all three patients improved to ‘normal'' levels (range 6/6–6/9). Long-term deficits in foveal retinal sensitivity were identified in two patients using fundus-controlled microperimetry. SD-OCT imaging showed persistent disruption of the foveal outer photoreceptor layers in all three children.Conclusion
Although visual acuity improved over time, deficits in microperimetry and SD-OCT persisted. All three children had retinal pigment epithelium changes, requiring follow-up for longer-term sequelae of laser injuries such as expansion of retinal atrophy and development of choroidal neovascular membranes. 相似文献6.
D. Beselga A. Campos S. Mendes F. Carvalheira M. Castro D. Castanheira 《Case reports in ophthalmology》2012,3(1):118-122
Purpose
We present the case of an 18-year-old Caucasian male with a unilateral macular star and retinal vascular anomalies compatible with adult onset Coats’ disease.Methods
Diagnosis was based on fundoscopic, fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography findings.Results
The patient presented to our emergency department with complaints of low vision in his left eye (LE) detected 10 days before. The best-corrected visual acuity in the LE was 20/50. Fundoscopy of the LE evidenced a complete macular star. Optical coherence tomography showed increased retinal thickness, infiltration of the retinal wall, and detachment of the neuroepithelium. Angiography revealed no appreciable diffusion in the macula. Above the superior temporal (ST) arcade, anomalies in the retinal vasculature were found, with interruption of the peripheral vessels and vessels which were ‘sausage’-like. After 1 month, the LE vision evolved to hand movements. Laser photocoagulation was performed in the ST quadrant. Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab 1.25 mg/0.05 ml and photodynamic therapy were performed without any significant changes, progression of ST serous detachment of the neuroepithelium, and finally progression to macular fibrosis.Discussion
Coats’ disease is usually diagnosed in childhood, but rare cases may occur in adults. Those cases usually have a more indolent course which was not observed in our patient. When there is macular involvement, prognosis is more guarded, despite treatment.Key words: Coats’ disease, Adult onset, Macular star, Laser photocoagulation, Photodynamic therapy, Intravitreal bevacizumab 相似文献7.
Purpose
Congenital hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium (CHRPE) may simulate choroidal melanoma in certain cases. We report unique clinical features we have observed in cases of CHRPE in young myopic pigmented patients.Methods
Patients who were referred for evaluation of a suspicious choroidal lesion and found to have a CHRPE lesion with the clinical appearance of lesion elevation and a subretinal fluid-like ‘shadow sign'' were included. Patient and lesion characteristics were tabulated. Available images, including fundus photography, ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fluorescein angiography (FA) were reviewed.Results
Six patients were included. The ‘shadow sign'' was anterior to the CHRPE lesion in all cases. The mean age of the patients was 27.3 years. The ethnicities of the patients were Chinese (n=1), Hispanic (n=3), or African-American (n=2). Five of six patients were myopic.Conclusions
Although most CHRPE lesions appear flat on ophthalmoscopy, lesions in young myopic patients of pigmented ethnicities may appear elevated with a ‘shadow sign'' due to ‘dark without pressure.'' This new finding may be related to the vitreoretinal interface in young myopic pigmented patients and must be distinguished from true subretinal fluid and lesion thickness, which are often observed in choroidal melanoma. 相似文献8.
Takahiro Sogawa Noriyasu Hashida Miki Sawa Kohji Nishida 《Case reports in ophthalmology》2015,6(3):373-379
Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine sequential changes in perivascular granulomatous lesions with acute retinal necrosis (ARN).Methods
A healthy 46-year-old Japanese woman, who developed floaters and pain in her left eye, underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescein angiography, and routine ophthalmological examinations. Treatment-associated changes in perivascular granulomatous lesions were monitored using spectral-domain (SD)-OCT.Results
The patient had no previous ophthalmic history, and her general condition was good. A slit-lamp examination revealed keratic precipitates and aqueous cells (2+) in the left eye. A fundus examination showed yellow-white patches of necrotizing retinal lesions in the temporal upper area, retinal arteritis, retinal hemorrhage, and vitreous opacities. The patient was diagnosed with ARN according to diagnostic criteria. SD-OCT images confirmed high-intensity and uniform granulomatous deposits in the perivascular area and fovea. Systemic corticosteroids and antiviral therapy were initiated, resulting in the gradual resolution of granulomatous lesions. The patient continues to be followed untreated without evidence of recurrence, retinal detachment, or active inflammation.Conclusions
This is the first report of perivascular granulomatous lesions in a patient with ARN. Our results showed that the formation of granulomas may be induced in the retina of ARN patients without fulminant inflammation.Key Words: Acute retinal necrosis, Optical coherence tomography, Granuloma 相似文献9.
Introduction
The characteristics of type 3 neovascularization (NV), also known as retinal angiomatous proliferation, have been well described clinically, as well as with fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT angiography (OCT-A) is a novel and non-invasive technique for imaging retinal microvasculature by detecting changes, with respect to time, in reflectivity related to blood flow.Method
In this case series, we describe two patients who presented with type 3 NV and underwent clinical examination and multimodal imaging, including OCT-A.Results
In the first patient, OCT-A demonstrated flow within two separate lesions in the same eye, one of which was only weakly detected by FA. In the second patient, sequential OCT-A demonstrated a reduction in intralesional flow following intravitreal therapy.Conclusions
OCT-A may have a role in the early diagnosis of type 3 NV and in assessing the response to treatment. Further studies are needed to determine sensitivity and specificity. 相似文献10.
Francesco Pichi Mariachiara Morara Andrea Lembo Antonio P. Ciardella Alessandro Meduri Paolo Nucci 《Case reports in ophthalmology》2013,4(1):69-73
Purpose
To report the case of a young patient affected by neurofibromatosis 1 (NF-1) with peripheral retinal ischemia-induced neovascular glaucoma and the peculiar spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features.Material and Methods
A 13-year-old boy affected by NF-1, as diagnosed according to established criteria, was referred with a diagnosis of hypertensive uveitis in his left eye. He underwent a complete ophthalmic examination and comprehensive blood work with viral and immunological tests. The case was documented with fluorescein angiography (FA) and SD-OCT. When the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the left eye decreased and the cornea cleared, FA revealed retinal ischemia and leakage from pathologic retinal vessels. SD-OCT revealed foveal hypoplasia secondary to the complete absence of the retinal nerve fiber layer.Results
Peripheral retinal ischemia-induced neovascular glaucoma was diagnosed. The patient underwent Ahmed valve implantation to control his IOP, and subsequent retinal photocoagulation by argon laser and intravitreal bevacizumab injection were performed to control neovascularization.Discussion
Retinal ischemia in NF-1 might lead to neovascular glaucoma: lowering of the IOP with surgical implantation of an Ahmed valve, regression of neovascularization by argon laser panretinal photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of bevacizumab can be a helpful way to control such a complication.Key words: Neovascular glaucoma, Neurofibromatosis, Retinal ischemia 相似文献11.
Purpose
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) is an important cause of acute vision loss for which several animal models exist. It has been associated with subretinal fluid in a previous study on patients but not yet so in animal models.Patients and Methods
A patient presented with acute non-arteritic AION (NAION) and underwent ophthalmic evaluation and testing including fluorescein angiography and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). On the basis of the patient''s findings, we used SD-OCT circular and volume scans to analyze retinal changes in a murine model of NAION.Results
One week after left eye vision loss, the patient had clinical and imaging findings consistent with NAION. On SD-OCT, there was prominent peripapillary retinal thickening consistent with intra-retinal edema and sub-foveolar fluid. Inspired by the findings in human AION, we looked for similar changes in murine NAION using SD-OCT. The circular scan did not adequately detect the presence of subretinal fluid. Using the 25-line scan, which covered a larger part of the posterior pole, we found that 100% of murine AION resulted in subretinal fluid at day 1. The subretinal fluid resolved by week 1.Conclusion
This study detailed a case of clinical NAION associated with intra-retinal and subretinal fluid. We also found that subretinal fluid was common in murine photochemical thrombosis model of AION and could be found far away from the optic disc. 相似文献12.
Takashi Katome Yoshinori Mitamura Fumika Hotta Masanori Niki Takeshi Naito 《Case reports in ophthalmology》2012,3(1):96-103
Purpose
To report the clinical findings of 2 patients with focal choroidal excavation in the macula detected by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Methods
Three eyes of 2 patients with a focal macular choroidal excavation detected by SD-OCT were studied. The eyes were examined by fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fluorescein angiography, fundus-related microperimetry, and multifocal electroretinography (mfERG).Results
In spite of a complaint of metamorphopsia, the visual acuity was normal in 2 eyes. SD-OCT demonstrated a choroidal excavation in the macula but the foveal contour was normal in 3 eyes. The excavation involved the outer retinal layers up to the external limiting membrane in all eyes, and a type 2 secondary choroidal neovascularization (CNV) developed in 1 of the 3 eyes. There were areas of hypoautofluorescence in the FAF images, and areas of decreased retinal sensitivity determined by microperimetry. These areas corresponded to the choroidal excavation in all eyes. The P1 amplitudes of the mfERGs were decreased in the fovea of 1 eye without a CNV.Conclusions
The choroidal excavation remained stable for 3 years in 2 eyes, a secondary CNV developed in 1 eye during the course of the disease. More cases and longer follow-up periods will be necessary to determine the etiology, clinical course, and visual prognosis of eyes with a choroidal excavation.Key Words: Choroidal excavation, Choroidal neovascularization, Optical coherence tomography 相似文献13.
Purpose
To assess intra/inter-observer agreement, and diagnostic capabilities of a color fundus photograph, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in making a diagnosis of myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Patients and methods
Two masked observers evaluated FFA and SD-OCT images to identify the presence of myopic CNV in 80 high-myopic eyes of 57 patients. A third masked observer identified CNV on a color fundus photo. Presence of myopic CNV on a fundus photo was defined as presence of subretinal hemorrhage, thickening of the retina and/or visible membrane at the macula. Presence of myopic CNV on FFA was defined as hyperfluorescence in the early phase with increase in intensity and size in the late phase; presence of a large irregular lesion; and hypofluorsescence due to subretinal hemorrhage. Myopic CNV on SD-OCT was defined as the hyper-reflective lesion with or without intraretinal fluid or subretinal fluid with retinal thickening.Results
Intraobserver repeatability on FFA and SD-OCT was 0.54 and 0.44, respectively. Agreement (kappa) between FFA and SD-OCT was 0.38 and 0.3, respectively. Among 34 eyes, which had the presence of CNV on a color fundus photo, CNV was diagnosed in 18 (53%) eyes on FFA and in 20 (58.8%) eyes on SD-OCT. Sensitivity and specificity of FFA was 47 and 80.4%, respectively, and that of SD-OCT was 58.8 and 86.9%, respectively.Conclusion
Repeatability and reproducibility for diagnosis of myopic CNV was better with FFA compared with SD-OCT; however, agreement is very poor between FFA and SD-OCT. SD-OCT is comparatively a better tool to rule out presence of myopic CNV. 相似文献14.
N K Yadav C Jayadev A Mohan P Vijayan R Battu S Dabir B Shetty R Shetty 《Eye (London, England)》2015,29(2):258-265
Purpose
To assess the safety and efficacy of a single session of subthreshold micropulse (SM) yellow laser (577 nm) in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR).Methods
This was a retrospective analysis of 15 eyes of 13 patients with CSCR of >3 months duration who had been treated with SM yellow laser (577 nm). All patients had been treated using multiple spots of laser with a duty cycle of 10% over areas of focal and diffuse leak, as seen on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA). Reduction in subretinal fluid height on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was used to measure the response to treatment.Results
The mean follow-up was at 8 weeks (4–19 weeks). All eyes responded to treatment. The mean subretinal fluid height pre and post treatment was 232 and 49 μm, respectively, showing a 79% average reduction (P<0.001) in fluid height. There was no evidence of retinal pigment epithelium or retinal damage on SD-OCT, FFA, or fundus autofluorescence. Median visual improvement was one line on Snellen''s visual acuity chart (P=0.015). Microperimetry was performed in eight eyes of which six eyes (75%) showed an improvement in the threshold values post treatment.Conclusion
SM yellow laser is an effective treatment option for chronic CSCR. 相似文献15.
C-F Liu L Liu C-C Lai J CL Chou L-K Yeh K-J Chen Y-P Chen W-C Wu L-H Chuang C-C Sun N-K Wang 《Eye (London, England)》2014,28(12):1437-1445
Purpose
To compare multimodal imaging in detecting lacquer cracks in highly myopic eyes, and to correlate these findings with those of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Methods
An observational case series study. Patients with a refractive error worse than −8 diopters and lacquer cracks were recruited. The rates of detection of the lacquer cracks using multimodal imaging including near-infrared reflectance (NIR) imaging, fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging, and fluorescence angiography (FA) were compared. The characteristic findings of multimodal imaging were correlated with those of SD-OCT.Results
NIR imaging was more sensitive (92.9%) in detecting lacquer cracks than either FAF (12.5%) or FA (67.9%). Lacquer cracks showed hyperreflectance on NIR, and they were consistently associated with a continuous retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch''s membrane complex, thinner choroid, and acoustic shadows on SD-OCT.Conclusions
NIR imaging is superior to blue laser light (FAF and FA) imaging in detecting lacquer cracks. SD-OCT in combination with NIR located primary pathological lacquer cracks in the intact retinal pigment epithelium-Bruch''s membrane complex as well as thinner choroid. These findings indicate that multimodal cSLO and SD-OCT imaging allow for detecting of lacquer cracks in highly myopic eyes. 相似文献16.
R Battu A Khanna B Hegde T T J M Berendschot S Grover J S A G Schouten 《Eye (London, England)》2015,29(7):895-901
Purpose
To correlate the structure of the macula, as measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and function, as measured by microperimetry (MAIA) in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and relatively good visual acuity.Design
Prospective, cross-sectional, non-intervention study.Subjects
Patients with RP.Methods
Thirty patients with RP and good central visual acuity were identified. Each patient underwent SD-OCT of the macula and microperimetry. The images were overlaid using the custom-designed software. The retinal sensitivity by microperimetry was correlated with corresponding retinal thickness, as measured by the SD-OCT. ELM, COST, and IS/OS junction were scored as intact, disrupted, or absent.Main outcome measures
Comparing the retinal sensitivity on the MAIA with various measurements on the SD-OCT.Results
The retinal sensitivity on the MAIA showed a significant correlation with total retinal thickness and outer retinal thickness on the SD-OCT. There was no association with either the inner retinal thickness or the choroidal thickness. ORT showed a statistically significant correlation with the anatomical classification of ELM (r=−0.76, P<0.001), IS/OS (r=−0.800, P<0.001), and COST (r=−0.733, P<0.001).Conclusion
This study determined that there was a high correlation of the structure and function of the central macula in patients with RP. These studies are important to establish surrogate markers that can be used as end points for various tests in future therapeutic clinical trials. 相似文献17.
Lukas Reznicek Simeon Dabov Bader Kayat Raffael Liegl Anselm Kampik Michael Ulbig Marcus Kernt 《Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology》2014,28(2):134-138
Purpose
Comparison of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (SLO) based ‘en face’ imaging techniques of patients with epiretinal membranes (ERM) and evaluation of the accuracy of preoperative diagnostic imaging.Methods
A consecutive, prospective series of 53 study eyes of 46 patients with clinically diagnosed and in optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed symptomatic ERMs were included in this study. Spectral domain (SD-) OCT volume scans (20° × 20° with 49 horizontal sections, ART 15) including SLO en face and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) images of the macula were obtained with HRA2 (Heidelberg Retina Angiograph-Optical Coherence Tomography, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany). In addition, wide-field SLO color and FAF images (Optomap 200Tx, Optos PLC, Dunfermline, UK) were performed also covering the macular area. En face images of both devices were graded for each included study eye based on SD-OCT cross sectional scans.Results
Grading of SD-OCT (HRA2) based SLO en face green–blue enhanced multi-color, green reflectance, blue reflectance and standard multi-color visualization revealed a better detectability of ERM than SD-OCT-based en face infrared or FAF images or wide-field SLO (Optomap) based pseudo-color, red laser separation, green laser separation, or FAF images. Both FAF visualizations, HRA2 and Optomap based, achieved low mean scores. SD-OCT based en face thickness map visualization revealed good visualization but poor demarcation of epiretinal membranes.Conclusions
In summary, en face regular or enhanced multicolor SLO images acquired with HRA2 allow a better visualization of epiretinal membranes for preoperative evaluation compared to SD-OCT based en face thickness map or pseudo-color images acquired with Optomap while infrared or FAF images are least suitable to depict epiretinal membranes. 相似文献18.
Introini U Casalino G Querques G Gimeno AT Scotti F Bandello F 《Eye (London, England)》2012,26(7):976-982
Purpose
To evaluate changes in macular morphology due to myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV), using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).Methods
In all, 22 eyes with recent-onset untreated CNV underwent 1 intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF), followed by a pro-re-nata regimen. SD-OCT was performed at baseline (before first administration of anti-VEGF treatment) and month 1, and 2; macular morphologic changes and outer retina characteristics (SD-OCT findings) associated with CNV activity were evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated for SD-OCT findings using fluorescein angiography (FA) as standard reference.Results
Mean central retinal thickness (CRT) showed no significant reduction from baseline (284±98 μm) to month 1 (257±74 μm) and month 2 (263±72 μm). A hyper-reflective lesion with fuzzy borders (fuzzy area), and ‘absent or altered'' IS/OS junction were the only SD-OCT findings associated with CNV activity (P<0.0001). Both these SD-OCT findings showed good sensitivity and specificity (95.1 and 96.0% (95% CI: 0.87–0.89), respectively, for the fuzzy area; 87.9 and 66.7% (95% CI: 0.65–0.87), respectively, for ‘absent or altered'' IS/OS junction) when compared with FA leakage (standard reference).Conclusions
Outer retina characteristics (ie, hyper-reflective lesion with fuzzy borders, and ‘absent or altered'' IS/OS junction) appear more meaningful than CRT in the evaluation of myopic CNV activity. These SD-OCT findings show overall good sensitivity and specificity when compared with FA leakage (standard reference), and could be considered as an alternative diagnostic tool to FA for myopic CNV monitoring. 相似文献19.
Purpose
To evaluate the morphological and functional changes following intravitreal Ozurdex (dexamethasone implant) injections in patients with macular oedema (MO) secondary to retinal vascular diseases.Design
This is a single centre, exploratory phase III, prospective, open-label clinical study.Methods
Thirty patients with MO secondary to retinal vascular disorders underwent assessments for best corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, microperimetry, chromatic sensitivity, macular thickness, and morphology using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fluorescein angiography at baseline. They were treated with intravitreal Ozurdex at baseline and monitored monthly with visual acuity and SD-OCT assessments up to 36 weeks. Re-treatment was permitted from 16 to 24 weeks according to pre-defined criteria. All visual function tests were repeated at 24 weeks.Results
The mean change in central sub-field thickness (CST) from baseline was significant at all visits up to 32 weeks. The lowest mean CST was recorded at 8 weeks and the highest mean ETDRS score was achieved at 12 weeks. All visual functions except contrast sensitivity improved significantly by 24 weeks. The study showed that the ideal re-treatment time point based on functional and structural outcomes and known side-effects of Ozurdex treatment is at 20 weeks.Conclusion
Ozurdex therapy has a rapid and dramatic effect on the macula for about 8 weeks followed by a sustained modest effect up to week 32. The optimal re-treatment time point is at 20 weeks. 相似文献20.