踝上弧形截骨联合关节牵伸治疗内翻型踝关节炎

目的 评估踝上弧形截骨联合关节牵伸治疗内翻型踝关节炎的临床效果。方法 回顾性分析2009年12月至2021年4月北京市垂杨柳医院骨二科治疗的8例内翻型踝关节炎病人的临床资料,男5例,女3例,年龄为（35.2±9.1）岁（27~45岁）。其中有踝部骨折史者5例,骨骺损伤后遗踝内翻畸形3例。应用踝上胫腓骨弧形截骨矫正踝内翻后安装Ilizarov踝关节牵伸器,术后行踝关节牵伸,维持关节间隙至5~8 mm行走3个月以上。根据病人手术前后胫骨远端关节面角（tibial articular surface angle,TAS）及美国足踝外科医师协会（American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society,AOFAS）踝与后足功能评分评估临床治疗效果。结果 8例病人随访时间为（31.5±17.9）个月（12~72个月）,外固定佩戴时间为（29.4±5.1）周（20~32周）。拆除外固定时截骨处均达到临床骨愈合标准,末次随访时AOFAS评分为（82.0±7.7）分（76~90分）,TAS角度为91.1°±2.4°（89.6°~95.0°）,与术前比较［（47.6±3.7）分（41~65分）,82.9°±4.7°（72°~87°）］,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。8例术后均出现局部针道感染,5例给予局部酒精敷料缠绕包扎,3例拔出感染固定针后感染控制。2例固定针折断,去除外固定装置时给予拔除,无其他严重并发症。结论 踝上弧形截骨术联合踝关节牵伸成形治疗内翻型踝关节炎,矫正踝内翻效果满意,避免植骨内固定,截骨愈合良好。结合Ilizarov外固定牵伸,允许术后全负重行走锻炼,显著改善病人足踝功能,值得临床推广应用。     

Acute Traumatic Fibular Bowing Associated with Ankle Fracture

Abstract We present a case of traumatic fibular bowing associated with ankle fracture in a 14-year-old girl. Acute traumatic bowing deformities of the fibula have always been reported as associated with mid-shaft tibial fractures, but involvement of the distal fibula associated with an ankle fracture has not been reported. The clinical picture is described and the mechanism of injury discussed.     

Ankle distraction arthroplasty (ADA): A brief review and technical pearls

Ankle distraction arthroplasty (ADA) is a procedure based on the concept that mechanical unloading of an arthritic joint will initiate a healing response in the subchondral bone and articular cartilage. ADA utilizes the patient's own healing response, preserves joint motion, and is a great option for patients with osteoarthritis who are not ready for prosthetic arthroplasty or fusion. The procedure is well described and technically simple and adjunctive biologic therapies are exciting for joint regeneration. Complications are minor, and more serious adverse events are avoidable. Supramalleolar osteotomy pairs well with ankle distraction but requires some analysis and planning.     

Medial malleolar osteotomy for the correction of tibiotalar varus deformity during total ankle arthroplasty: Results in 95 ankles

BackgroundThe importance of deformity correction before or during total ankle replacement (TAR) has been recognized for a long time. Our results of TAR, combined with medial malleolar lengthening osteotomy, for the reconstruction of osteoarthritic ankles with varus deformity are hereby reported.MethodsAll ankles in which a medial malleolar osteotomy was performed during implantation of an ankle prosthesis during the period 1998–2018 were filtered out of our database. Preoperative coronal talar alignment was evaluated by measuring the angle between the tibial shaft and talar dome on the weightbearing mortise ankle radiograph. Patient-reported outcomes were measured with the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM). A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was constructed and the number of revisions per 100 observed component years was calculated for interprosthetic comparison.ResultsA total of 95 TARs were included, consisting of the Alpha Ankle Arthroplasty (n = 22); Buechel-Pappas (n = 14) and the Ceramic Coated Implant Evolution (n = 59) prostheses. The preoperative average talar angle in these ankles was 12.4 degrees varus. In 33% (31/95) corrective procedures, in addition to the medial malleolar osteotomy, were performed. A reoperation rate of 44% (42/95) was found, including 28 revisions (revision rate 29% (4% septic; 25% aseptic) at an average follow-up of 5.9 years, resulting in a survival of 0.69 for the total cohort at 10 years of follow-up.At an average follow-up of 6.6 years the average FAOS scores were: FAOS_symptoms 66, FAOS_pain 73, FAOS_function 78, FAOS_sport 45 and FAOS_{quality of life} 56 respectively. The FAAM_adl score averaged 64.ConclusionThis is the largest cohort of TAR combined with medial malleolar osteotomy to date. A 29% revision rate at 5.9 years of average follow-up compares unfavorably with regular cohort studies and with most other results in varus-deformed ankles. Scores on the FAOS and FAAM are comparable to those obtained in regular cohorts with similar length of follow-up. TAR in varus-deformed ankles necessitating medial malleolar osteotomy has an even higher failure rate than regular TAR. Obtaining a stable prosthesis with a neutrally-aligned hindfoot at the end of the procedure is of paramount importance.Level of evidenceIV.     

Supramalleolar osteotomies for degenerative joint disease of the ankle joint: indication, technique and results

Patients with varus or valgus hindfoot deformities usually present with asymmetric ankle osteoarthritis. In-vitro biomechanical studies have shown that varus or valgus hindfoot deformity may lead to altered load distribution in the tibiotalar joint which may result in medial (varus) or lateral (valgus) tibiotalar joint degeneration in the short or medium term. The treatment of asymmetric ankle osteoarthritis remains challenging, because more than half of the tibiotalar joint surface is usually preserved. Therefore, joint-sacrificing procedures like total ankle replacement or ankle arthrodesis may not be the most appropriate treatment options. The short- and midterm results following realignment surgery, are very promising with substantial pain relief and functional improvement observed post-operatively. In this review article we describe the indications, surgical techniques, and results from of realignment surgery of the ankle joint in the current literature.