人血管内皮细胞生长因子165重组腺病毒的构建及其在真核细胞中的表达

目的:体外构建人血管内皮生长因子165(hVEGF165)的腺病毒表达载体,并检测其在HEK293细胞中的表达。方法:从重组质粒pcDNA3/hVEGF165中获得hVEGF165,经酶切及测序鉴定,将hVEGF165基因亚克隆到穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV,重组穿梭质粒经酶切线性化后,与pAEdasyl质粒在大肠杆菌BSJ183中进行同源重组,线性化后转染HEK293细胞进行包装扩增获取重组病毒上清,同时应用RT-PCR及ELISA法检测hVEGF165的表达。结果:目的基因的测序结果与人VEGF165序列(Genbank)相符。转染后经RT-PCR和ELISA检测证实转染重组质粒组hVEGF165 mRNA及蛋白表达,而转染空质粒组及未转染组没有检测到hVEGF165的表达。结论:本研究构建了人VEGF165重组腺病毒表达载体pAd-hVEGF165,并能成功地在HEK293细胞中表达。     

腺病毒介导的血管内皮生长因子体外靶向性转染心肌细胞

目的:构建以鼠心肌轻链蛋白基因(mlc-2v)为启动子、携带人血管内皮生长因子hVEGF165基因的重组腺病毒载体,检测该重组腺病毒载体对心肌细胞转染的靶向性.方法:酶切腺病毒载体PDC315自身启动子CMV,构建腺病毒载体PDC317,分别接入hVEGF165、mlc-2v基因,构建腺病毒载体PDC-mlc-hVEGF165.鉴定正确后,将PDC-mlc-hVEGF165与Lipofectamine共转染至293细胞,经同源重组获得以mlc-2v为启动子、携带hVEGF165基因的重组腺病毒Ad-mlc-hVEGF165,同步构建无靶向性的重组腺病毒Ad-hVEGF165.扩增并测定滴度后,Ad-hVEGF165、Ad-mlc-hVEGF165分别转染体外培养的心肌细胞、骨骼肌细胞及平滑肌细胞,利用ELISA、Western印迹分析等方法检测Ad-mlc-hVEGF165转染心肌细胞的靶向性.结果:构建的病毒正确,病毒滴度为2.8×109 pfu/ml.转染3 d后,Ad-hVEGF165组在各培养细胞的上清液及细胞内均检测到VEGF的表达,而Ad-mlc-hVEGF165组仅在心肌细胞中有VEGF的表达,且Ad-mlc-hVEGF165组心肌细胞分泌的VEGF要少于Ad-hVEGF165组.结论:成功构建了以mlc-2v为启动子、携带人VEGF基因的重组腺病毒Ad-mlc-hVEGF165;该重组载体能体外靶向性转染心肌细胞并使之表达VEGF.     

人血管内皮细胞生长因子165基因真核表达载体的构建及其在大肠杆菌的表达

目的　获得人血管内皮生长因子 (hVEGF165)cDNA ,构建真核表达载体 ,并研究其在大肠杆菌中的表达情况。方法　采用PCR方法 ,从HL6 0细胞中扩增出hVEGF165cDNA ,将其克隆至 pcDNA3 真核表达载体上 ,构建成为 pCD hVEGF165重组质粒。将重组质粒转染感受态的大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3)中进行表达 ,用Westernblot检测表达产物。结果　经酶切鉴定及基因测序证实hVEGF165cDNA基因克隆成功 ,并建立了高效表达的 pCD hVEGF165重组质粒。Westernblot检测表明 ,组建了具有高效表达hVEGF165的大肠杆菌菌株。结论　成功地克隆和表达出了hVEGF165基因 ,为进一步建立VEGF转基因动物模型 ,研究其在视网膜新生血管性疾病中的应用奠定了基础     

VEGF165的载体构建、表达及其生物学活性

目的:构建血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)165原核表达载体,在大肠杆菌中表达,获得重组VEGF165,并通过细胞和鸡胚尿囊膜试验鉴定其生物学活性.方法: 本实验室保存的T-VEGF165质粒,经BamHⅠ和EcoRⅠ双酶切,将其克隆至原核表达载体pET28a( )中,获得含人VEGF165全序列基因的表达载体pET28a( )-VEGF165,将其转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),用IPTG诱导表达,对表达产物进行纯化,获得VEGF165蛋白.通过体外促进HUVEC细胞增殖及鸡胚尿囊膜血管增生实验鉴定其生物学活性.结果:成功构建了VEGF165蛋白的原核表达载体,表达纯化了VEGF165蛋白,经过细胞增殖试验及鸡胚尿囊膜血管增生实验,证明该蛋白具有良好的促进血管内皮细胞增殖的生物学活性.结论:成功地获得了人VEGF165重组蛋白,并证实了该蛋白具有促进血管内皮细胞增殖活性.     

腺病毒介导的血管内皮生长因子体外转染心肌细胞的研究

目的:构建携带人血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)基因的重组腺病毒载体,并转染体外培养的心肌细胞,检测VEGF的表达.方法:将人源性的VEGF165cDNA正向插入到腺病毒载体PDC315,构建重组质粒,通过脂质体共转染293细胞,经同源重组获得携带人VEGF165基因的重组腺病毒,通过PCR扩增法鉴定所构建的腺病毒,扩增并测定滴度后,体外转染培养的心肌细胞,利用ELISA、Western印迹分析等方法检测VEGF在心肌细胞中的表达.结果:人VEGF165cDNA成功地正向插入到PDC315载体中,以重组病毒基因组DNA为模板,同时扩增出了610bp的VEGF165cDNA基因片段,证实了所构建病毒的正确性,病毒滴度为2.8×108 pfu/ml,Ad VEGF165体外转染心肌细胞3 d后,在培养细胞的上清液及细胞内检测到了VEGF的表达.结论:成功构建了表达人VEGF 165基因的腺病毒载体,体外转染心肌细胞后能够满意表达VEGF,为基因治疗心肌缺血奠定基础.     

腺病毒介导人血管内皮细胞生长因子基因感染NIH3T3细胞的实验研究

目的:探讨腺病毒介导人血管内皮细胞生长因子(hVEGF)基因感染NIH3T3细胞后目的基因表达情况及其对细胞增殖分化的影响,并观察体内移植后的表达情况及其血管生成效应.方法:构建含hVEGF基因重组腺病毒Ad.hVEGF,体外感染NIH3T3细胞,采用荧光显微镜和流式细胞术检测其转染效果和转染率,采用免疫组化、RT-PCR和ELISA法分别检测转染后的NIH3T3细胞VEGF的表达情况.将转染后的NIH3T3细胞移植于小鼠背部皮肤缺损模型上,1周后取创面覆盖的脱细胞真皮组织标本,免疫组化检测组织VEGF的表达,并行组织新生血管计数.结果:携带hVEGF基因的重组腺病毒对于NIH3T3细胞具有较高的转染效率,转染效率与病毒感染复制数(multiplicities of infection,MOI)具有量效关系.MOI为100倍时,转染效率达95%.RT-PCR和免疫组化检测到,Ad.hVEGF感染NIH3T3细胞24 h后即可在基因和蛋白质水平表达,ELISA法检测到VEGF第3日表达分泌较高,7 d时达到表达高峰(1052 pg/ml),13 d后仍可检测到VEGF的表达.2周内MTT法动态检测D值,转染组细胞与未转染组细胞比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).转染细胞体内种植后在组织中亦可明显表达VEGF,实验组新生血管数显著高于对照组(P＜0.01).结论:腺病毒介导的VEGF基因可有效转染NIH3T3细胞,体内外均可有效表达目的基因,并可促进移植组织血管新生.     

hBcl-2和hVEGF165双基因共表达重组腺病毒载体的构建及鉴定

目的构建hBcl-2和hVEGF165双基因共表达的重组腺病毒载体,为后续基因转染和动物实验提供实验基础。方法通过RT-PCR从A549细胞中分别获得hBcl-2和hVEGF165基因片段,并克隆到pMD-19T载体。将目的基因hBcl-2、IRES元件和hVEGF165依次定向克隆到腺病毒穿梭载体质粒pAd-Track-CMV上。线性化重组穿梭质粒后通过电穿孔转化含有腺病毒骨架质粒pAd-easy-1的感受态大肠杆菌BJ5183构建重组腺病毒载体质粒。脂质体转染线性化的重组腺病毒载体质粒于HEK293细胞以包装制备重组腺病毒。重组腺病毒经PCR鉴定之后进一步扩增、纯化。通过荧光计数确定病毒感染滴度。结果克隆的hBcl-2和hVEGF165基因测序正确,酶切重组穿梭载体质粒和腺病毒载体质粒得到特异酶切产物,重组腺病毒载体质粒转染HEK293细胞3 d后观察到GFP的表达,重组腺病毒的PCR得到hBcl-2和hVEGF165基因的PCR产物,滴度测定为5×109pfu/mL。结论成功构建制备了高滴度的hBcl-2和hVEGF165双基因共表达的重组腺病毒载体,为联合基因治疗心肌梗死的研究提供实验基础。     

VEGF_(165)基因转染脂肪组织来源干细胞后目的基因表达

目的检测人脂肪组织来源干细胞(ADSC)经血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因转染后目的基因的表达,为下一步利用经基因转染的ADSC构建血管化组织工程脂肪组织打下基础。方法行腺病毒重组血管内皮生长因子165(Ad-VEGF165)基因转染ADSC,通过免疫细胞荧光和ELISA鉴定VEGF在细胞中的表达情况。结果经免疫荧光和ELISA检测证实腺病毒能成功地将VEGF165基因转染至ADSC中,并获得有效的表达。结论采用Ad-VEGF165基因转移技术,可以将VEGF转染至ADSC中,并有目的基因的表达,为促进脂肪组织工程血管化奠定基础。     

VEGF165岱基因转染脂肪组织来源干细胞后目的基因表达

目的 检测人脂肪组织来源干细胞(ADSC)经血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因转染后目的 基因的表达,为下一步利用经基因转染的ADSC构建血管化组织工程脂肪组织打下基础.方法 行腺病毒重组血管内皮生长因子165(Ad-VEGF165)基因转染ADSC,通过免疫细胞荧光和ELISA鉴定VEGF在细胞中的表达情况.结果 经免疫荧光和ELISA检测证实腺病毒能成功地将VEGF165基因转染至ADSC中,并获得有效的表达.结论 采用Ad-VEGF165基因转移技术,可以将VEGF转染至ADSC中,并有目的 基因的表达,为促进脂肪组织工程血管化奠定基础.     

人血管内皮生长因子165基因腺病毒载体的构建及其在C17.2神经干细胞的表达

[目的]构建含有人血管内皮生长因子165(VEGF165)基因的重组腺病毒载体并观察其在C17.2神经干细胞的表达,为下一步脑缺血的转基因细胞移植治疗提供基础.[方法]将VEGF165基因克隆至腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrackCMV,获得重组质粒pAdTrack VEGF165,经酶切线性化后,与腺病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy共同转染大肠杆菌BJ5183同源重组获得重组腺病毒质粒,将线性化的重组腺病毒质粒转染293细胞包装获得有感染能力但复制缺陷的重组腺病毒pAdCMV VEGF165,转化体外培养的C17.2神经干细胞.通过RT-PCR、原位杂交、免疫组化、Western blot法检测其在C17.2神经干细胞中的表达.[结果]重组腺病毒AdCMV VEGF165在293细胞中包装成功,病毒滴度达2×1011efu/mL.病毒上清液经ELISA检测VEGF165表达的量为(1135±138)ng/L.重组腺病毒转染神经干细胞后有稳定表达.[结论]成功构建pAd VEGF165重组腺病毒,获得了稳定表达VEGF165的神经干细胞克隆,为下一步脑缺血的转基因细胞移植治疗提供了基础.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.