老年性白内障血、房水、晶体中抗氧化酶的研究

目的：探讨老年性白内障患者血、房水、晶体中的抗氧化酶对晶体的保护作用。方法：用黄嘌呤氧化酶法和改进的还原型谷胱甘肽消耗法分别测定４０ 例老年性白内障患者的血、房水和晶体中的抗氧化酶（ＳＯＤ） 和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ并与２０ 只实验犬作对照。结果：实验组血中ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ活性明显高于实验组房水和晶体中二者的活性,ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ在血－ 房水和血－ 晶体中活性差异有显著性意义（ｑ 检验,Ｐ＜ ０．０１）;ＳＯＤ在三者中活性差异无显著性意义（Ｆ检验,Ｐ＞ ０．０５）;对照组房水和晶体ＳＯＤ 明显高于血中,并在对照组的血、房水、晶体中其活性差异有显著性意义（ｑ 检验,Ｐ＜ ０．０１） ,对照组血和房水中ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ 活性明显高于晶体中,并且ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ 在三者中其活性差异有显著性意义（ｑ 检验,Ｐ＜０ ．０１）。结论：在房水和晶体中ＳＯＤ和ＧＳＨ－ ＰＸ活性的下降是形成老年性白内障的原因之一。     

正常犬血房水晶状体中的抗氧化酶和抗氧化物相关性研究

目的探讨正常犬血、房水、晶状体中抗氧化酶和抗氧化物在维持晶状体透明过程中的相关关系及作用。方法选用 ８～１２ ｋｇ健康成年杂种犬 ２０只，雌雄不限。超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定，丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）用巴比妥酸反应比色法测定，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）用改进的还原型谷胱甘肽消耗法，ＶｉｔＣ和 ＶｉｔＥ分别用微量荧光法和比色法测定。结果ＳＯＤ，ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ，ＶｉｔＣ，ＶｉｔＥ及ＭＤＡ在血、房水、晶状体中相互间存在２６个明显相关方程（ｔ检验，Ｐ＜０．０１或Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论在正常情况下，在大血、房水、晶状体中抗氧化酶之间和抗氧化物之间以及二者之间存在相互协调、制约的动态平衡相关关系是保持晶状体透明的重要因素。     

正常犬血房水晶状体中抗氧化酶和抗氧化物测定及意义

目的 了解正常犬血、房水、晶状体中是否存在着天然的抗氧化屏障及其作用。方法 选用８～１２ｋｇ健康成年杂种犬２０只。超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定。丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）用巴比妥酸反应比色法测定,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）用改进的还原型谷胱甘肽消耗法,总抗氧化力（ＴＡＣ）和ＶｉｔＣ用微量荧光法测定,ＶｉｔＥ用比色法测定。结果 除ＶｉｔＥ外,上述指标在血、房水、晶状体中均有显著性差异（Ｐ〈０．００１）。结论 从抗氧化角度看正常犬晶状体透明是由于存在着血、房水、晶状体３道要互联系的抗氧化屏障所致。     

氩激光虹膜切除术后房水内SOD变化与眼压关系的实验研究

目的探索氩激光虹膜切除术后暂时性眼压升高的发生机制。方法观察了２６只家兔氩激光虹膜切除术后１５分钟、６０分钟、６小时、２４小时和４８小时眼压变化情况及房水内超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ）活性的动态变化与眼压的关系。结果激光术后暂时性眼压升高均发生在术后６小时内，与对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），同时伴有房水内ＳＯＤ活性的显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。术前肌注ＶｉｔＥ、ＶｉｔＣ，术后未发生明显的眼压升高，房水内ＳＯＤ活性亦无显著下降。结论氩激光虹膜切除术后暂时性眼压升高与术后房水内ＳＯＤ活性下降有关，术前肌注ＶｉｔＥ、ＶｉｔＣ对兔眼氩激光虹膜切除术后暂时性眼压升高有防治作用。     

老年性白内障血房水晶体核中的抗氧化酶和抗氧化物相关性研究

探讨老年性白内障患者血,房水,晶体核中抗酶和抗氧化酶化物之间的相关关系及作用。方法随机取符合条件的老年性白内障４４例。超氧化物歧化酶（ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ,ＳＯＤ）用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定,丙二醛（ｍａｌｏｎｄｉａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅ,ＭＤＡ）用巴比妥酸反应比色法测定,谷胱甘肽过氧化物（ｇｌｕｔａｔｉｏｎｅ－ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ,ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）用改进的还原型谷胱甘肽消耗法测定,ＶｉｔＣ和Ｖｉｔ     

老年性白内障晶体水溶性脂质过氧化物含量测定

本文采用荧光光谱法对４０个老年性白内障晶体和９个透明晶体的ＷＳＦＳ进行相对含量测定，老年性白内障晶体的相对荧光强度均值为５４９．１４７±１７９．４２单位，透明晶体的相对荧光强度均值为３４５．１６５±９２．９３单位，两组间有非常显著性差异（ｐ＜０．０１）。提示晶体ＷＳＦＳ含量与老年性白内障形成密切相关。并显示老年性白内障晶体ＷＳＦＳ的含量随年龄增长而增加。并对其发病机理作了讨论。     

超氧化物歧化酶,脂质过氧化物与老年性白内障的关系

我们测定了３０位老年性白内障患者眼房水内及血清内的超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ－Ⅰ）和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果表明老年性白内障患者眼房水内超氧化物歧化酶含量较血清内低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而房水内的脂质过氧化物含量却高于血清（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本文还分析了房水内超氧化物歧化酶含量减少，脂质过氧化物增多对老年性白内障的发生、发展的影响。推测由于外界因素诸如阳光、紫外线、辐射、外界温度等是造成房水内活性氧增多     

晶体上皮细胞在体外的分化规律及血清和眼组织对其增殖的影响

目的从细胞培养水平探讨后囊混浊形成机理和术后血－房水屏障破坏、晶体皮质残留等对其的影响。方法用考马斯亮蓝（ＣｏｏｍａｓｓｉｅＢＢ）染色、倒置显微镜和电镜观察培养的牛晶体上皮细胞（ｂｏｖｉｎｅｌｅｎｓｅｐｉｔｈｅｌｉａｌｃｅｌｓ，ＢＬＥＣ）的增殖和分化规律，用Ｇｉｅｍｓａ染色比色法观察胎牛血清、房水、晶体皮质等对ＢＬＥＣ增殖的影响。结果在体外培养条件下ＢＬＥＣ可在第１～７代内分化为晶体纤维细胞，表现为细胞体积增大，形状渐趋长条形和梭形，细胞骨架逐渐增多；胎牛血清呈浓度依赖性促进ＢＬＥＣ增殖（Ｐ＜０．０５）；高浓度房水（占培养液１／３）抑制ＢＬＥＣ增殖（Ｐ＜０．０１），晶体皮质、晶体核、玻璃体均促进ＢＬＥＣ增殖（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论晶体上皮细胞的分化在后囊混浊形成中起重要作用；术后血－房水屏障破坏、晶体皮质残留和玻璃体脱出可通过刺激晶体上皮细胞增殖促进后囊混浊形成。     

老年性白内障患者闪光视觉诱发电位测定与术后视力对比研究

目的：探讨闪光视觉诱发电位（ｆｌａｓｈ ｖｉｓｕａｌ ｅｖｏｋｅｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｓ,ＦＶＥＰ）在预测老年性白内障患者术后视力中的应用价值。方法：对４３眼老年白内障患者进行了白内障囊外摘除及后房型人工晶体植入术,将术前ＦＶＥＰ、光定位、辨色力等检查结果与术后视力进行了对比研究。结果：患者术后视力与ＦＶＥＰ的振幅（Ｘ１）、Ｐ１波潜伏期（Ｘ２）及辨色力之间存在有显著相关性（Ｐ〈０．０１）,相关系数     

超氧化物歧化酶、脂质过氧化物与老年性白内障的关系

我们测定了３０位老年性白内障患者眼房水内及血清内的超氧化物歧化酶（ＳＯＤ－Ｉ）和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果表明老年性白内障患者眼房水内超氧化物歧化酶含量较血清内低（Ｐ＜０．０１）。而房水内的脂质过氧化物含量却高于血清（Ｐ＜０．０５）。本文还分析了房水内超氧化物歧化酶含量减少，脂质过氧化物增多对老年性白内障的发生。发展的影响。推测由于外界因素诸如阳光、紫外线、辐射、外界温度等是造成房水内活性氧增多，破坏了房水内氧化──抗氧化系统间的平衡的主要原因之一。     

老年性白内障血、房水、晶体核中抗氧化酶和抗氧化物研究

目的：了解抗氧化酶和抗氧化物之间的关系及其在老年性白内障形成中的作用。方法：随机取符合条件的老年性白内障４４例（４４眼）,男２３例,妇女１例,平均年龄６７．７岁。用黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物歧化酶（Ｓｕｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ ｄｉｓｍｕｔａｓｅ,ＳＯＤ）、丙二醛（Ｍａｌｏｎｄｉａｌｄｅｈｙｄｅ ＭＤＡ）用巴比妥酸反应比色法测定,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（Ｇｌｕｔａｔｈｉｏｎｅ－Ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ,ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）     

Levels of zinc, iron, and copper in patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract

PURPOSE: To investigate the aqueous humor, lens, and serum concentrations of zinc, iron, and copper in patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract and compare with patients who have senile cataract without pseudoexfoliation. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract and 25 patients with senile cataract as control group were enrolled in the study. Samples from aqueous humor, serum, and lens materials during extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) were collected from all patients. The levels of selected trace elements in three samples in all groups were assayed with atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and statistical analyses were performed with t-test for independent samples except lens zinc and serum copper levels. The data weren't normally distributed, therefore Mann-Whitney U test applied for these parameters. RESULTS: The zinc and copper levels in aqueous humor of PEX group were significantly higher than those of control group (p<0.001). The iron levels in aqueous humor were not significantly different in PEX group and control group (p=0.252). The copper content of lenses was significantly increased in PEX group compared to control group (p=0.029). The iron and zinc content of lenses had no significant differences between the two groups (p=0.248, p=0.719, respectively). The levels of iron and copper in serum were significantly increased in PEX group compared to control group (p<0.001 and p<0.002, respectively). The zinc level in serum had no significant differences between the two groups (p=0.823, p=0.472, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Zinc, iron, and especially copper may play a role in PEX syndrome.     

The level of lipoprotein(a) in human cataractous lens

PURPOSE: Molecular features of lipoprotein(a) [Lp (a)] associated with membranes of the lens were examined with respect to the pathogenesis and progression of cataract. METHODS: Lenses were homogenized and separated into urea-soluble (US) and water-soluble (WS) fractions. Then low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions were separated from US & WS fractions by flotation density gradient ultracentrifugation. LDL and HDL fractions were prepared from 14 and 54 lenses, respectively, of a group of diabetic patients with senile cataract (DM group) or a group of non-diabetic patients with senile cataract (non-DM group). Lp(a) in each fraction and in human aqueous humor was immunochemically assayed using the latex agglutination method. Molecular phenotypes of Lp(a) were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by western blotting. RESULTS: Lp (a) contents in LDL fractions were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the DM group [11.14 +/- 0.88(mean +/- standard deviation) micrograms/lens] than in the non-DM group [5.77 +/- 2.75 micrograms/lens]. Lp(a) values in HDL fractions were higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group, although the values did not differ significantly between the two groups. Lp (a) concentration in aqueous humor was slightly higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group. Lp (a) components examined by SDS-PAGE were detected only at the origin using immunoblotting. CONCLUSION: The Lp(a) content in cataractous lenses was higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group. In contrast to the molecular features of Lp(a) in blood, those of Lp(a) in cataractous lens seemed to be high molecular weight complexes. These results suggests that impairment of LDL receptors in DM is associated with disturbance in lipid metabolism which leads to accumulation of degenerated lipoproteins and altered membrane structure.     

The Level of Lipoprotein(a) in Human Cataractous Lens

Purpose: Molecular features of lipoprotein(a) [Lp (a)] associated with membranes of the lens were examined with respect to the pathogenesis and progression of cataract.Methods: Lenses were homogenized and separated into urea-soluble (US) and water-soluble (WS) fractions. Then low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) fractions were separated from US and WS fractions by flotation density gradient ultracentrifugation. LDL and HDL fractions were prepared from 14 and 54 lenses, respectively, of a group of diabetic patients with senile cataract (DM group) or a group of non-diabetic patients with senile cataract (non-DM group). Lp(a) in each fraction and in human aqueous humor was immunochemically assayed using the latex agglutination method. Molecular phenotypes of Lp(a) were identified by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) followed by Western blotting.Results: Lp (a) contents in LDL fractions were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the DM group [11.14 +/- 0.88 (mean +/- standard deviation) μg/lens] than in the non-DM group [5.77 +/- 2.75 mg/lens]. Lp(a) values in HDL fractions were higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group, although the values did not differ significantly between the two groups. Lp (a) concentration in aqueous humor was slightly higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group. Lp (a) components examined by SDS-PAGE were detected only at the origin using immunoblotting.Conclusion: The Lp (a) content in cataractous lenses was higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group. Incontrast to the molecular features of Lp(a) in blood, those of Lp(a) in cataractous lens seemed to be high molecular weight complexes. These results suggests that impairment of LDL receptors in DM is associated with disturbance in lipid metabolism which leads to accumulation of degenerated lipoproteins and altered membrane structure.     

糖尿病合并白内障患者血清及房水中铬元素含量测定及分析

目的:检测2型糖尿病合并老年性白内障患者血清及眼房水中铬元素的含量,并探讨其临床意义。方法:采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定患者血清及房水中铬的含量,试验组:糖尿病(2型)合并白内障患者19例,对照组:健康的老年性白内障患者21例。结果:试验组的血清及房水铬元素含量分别为(3.79±1.17)μg/L,(0.97±0.35)μg/L,明显低于对照组(4.50±0.92)μg/L,(1.43±0.68)μg/L,且两组比较差异均有统计学意义(t=-2.139,P<0.05;t=-2.653,P<0.05),两组血清及房水中铬元素含量无显著相关性(r=-0.142,P>0.05)。结论:铬元素在糖尿病合并老年性白内障患者的发生及发展过程中具有重要作用。     

Macro- and microelements in the cataractous eye lens

This investigation included the determination of Na, K, Ca, Mg and Zn in lens and aqueous humor of cataract patients. Along with the development of senile cataract the Na concentration increased, while the K concentration diminished. In the cataractous eye lenses the concentration of Ca and Zn were higher than in normal transparent lenses. The concentrations of the investigated elements, except for Zn, were higher in lenses than in aqueous humor of the same patients. The concentration of Na and Zn in aqueous humor decreased as compared to the values for normal healthy persons. The Ca and K concentrations in aqueous humor were similar to the values for healthy persons. Investigations of electrolyte composition of the lens would be valuable for understanding the genesis and developmental mechanism of senile cataract.     

老年性白内障患者血清及房水中SOD、MDA表达与后囊膜混浊的关系

目的　探究老年性白内障患者血清及房水中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）表达与后囊膜混浊的关系。方法　选取2017年5月至2021年4月我院收治的200例（200眼）老年性白内障患者作为观察组,另选取同期健康体检者60名（60眼）作为对照组。比较两组受检者血清及房水中SOD、MDA表达,并评价受检者血清及房水中SOD、MDA对老年性白内障的诊断价值,分析老年性白内障患者术后后囊膜混浊发病的影响因素。结果　观察组患者血清及房水中SOD表达均较对照组低,血清及房水中MDA表达均较对照组高（均为P<0.05）。血清及房水中SOD、MDA联合诊断老年性白内障的AUC最大,为0.914（95%CI:0.873～0.945）,敏感度为86.67%,特异度为82.00%。年龄,人工晶状体材料,血清及房水中SOD、MDA含量手术前后差值绝对值均为老年性白内障患者术后后囊膜混浊发生的独立影响因素（均为P<0.05）。结论　老年性白内障患者血清及房水中SOD、MDA含量均存在一定变化,检测其表达水平,可为疾病诊断及术后后囊膜混浊预测提供参考依据。