Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) exon 1 polymorphism affects lymphocyte profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with sarcoidosis

BACKGROUND: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease characterized by T-cell activation and subsequent granuloma formation at the site of involvement. Genetic susceptibility is a key factor in the pathogenesis of this disease, and genes involved in T-cell regulation are potential candidates. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a negative regulator of T-cell activation expressed on activated T-cells. The G allele of the CTLA-4 exon 1 polymorphism has previously been described to be associated with disease susceptibility in several autoimmune diseases. We investigated the relationship of CTLA-4 to disease susceptibility and cell profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in Japanese sarcoidosis patients. METHODS: Japanese sarcoidosis patients (n = 135) and controls (n = 97) were typed for an A/G bi-allelic polymorphism in exon 1 of CTLA-4 using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the distribution of genotypes was compared between both groups. Sixty-seven patients underwent BAL, and cell profiles in BAL fluid were compared between patients with G/G genotype and those with A/A genotype. RESULTS: No significant differences in the distribution of genotype and allele frequencies were found between sarcoidosis (GG: 46%, AG: 39%, AA: 15%) and controls (GG: 42%, AG: 49%, AA: 8%). Patients with G/G genotype had significantly increased lymphocyte ratios, lymphocyte counts, and CD4(+) cell counts in BAL fluid compared with patients with A/A genotype (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: CTLA-4 exonl polymorphism might affect BAL fluid lymphocyte profiles in Japanese sarcoidosis patients.     

CTLA-4+49A／G基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性的Meta分析

目的 探讨细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA-4）+49A／G基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性的关系。方法 计算机检索PubMed、MEDLINE、Web of Science、EMBASE、中国知网及万方等数据库,检索时间截止于2014年6月。收集关于CTLA-4+49A／G基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性关系的研究,由2名评价者按照纳入和排除标准独立选择文献、提取资料、评价质量。采用RevMan 5.1软件进行Meta分析,计算比值比（OR）及其95％可信区间（CI）并行敏感性分析和发表偏倚评估。结果 最终纳入5篇文献,包括3237例乳腺癌患者和3242例对照人群。纳入数据在AA vs. GG、AG vs. GG、AG／AA vs. GG和A vs. G基因型的比较中均无异质性。各模型Meta分析结果显示,CTLA-4+49A／G基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性有统计学意义（AA vs.GG：OR=1.49,95％CI：1.10～2.00;AG vs.GG：OR=1.23,95％CI：1.10～1.37;AG／AA vs.GG：OR=1.27,95％CI：1.14～1.40;A vs.G：OR=1.19,95％CI：1.11～1.29）。结论 CTLA-4+49A／G基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性有关,值得进一步研究。     

中国儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病患者Cyclin D1基因多态性的探讨

目的:探讨细胞周期蛋白CyclinD1外显子4(870A/G)多态性与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病(ALL)的相关性。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)和PCR-RFLP方法,分析183例儿童ALL患者和190例健康对照者的CyclinD1基因型。结果:与健康对照组相比,携带AA基因型者患ALL的相对风险度增加3.2898(P=0.0207);携带AA型的T-ALL患者显著高于B-ALL患者(P=0.047);携带AA型的ALL高危患者显著高于标危患者(P=0.011)。结论:Cy-clinD1基因多态性与中国儿童ALL的发生、发展及预后密切相关。     

SULT1A1基因多态性与女性乳腺癌易感性及他莫昔芬治疗预后相关性研究

目的探讨SULT1A1基因多态性与女性乳腺癌易感性及他莫昔芬治疗预后相关性。方法选择女性乳腺癌患者86例作为研究组,选择同期健康女性80例作为对照组,通过电子病历调查收集其一般资料。采用限制性片段长度多态性聚合酶链反应法检测两组患者外周血SULT1A1基因rs9282861位点多态性,对携带不同基因型患者预后进行比较。结果研究组rs9282861位点GA、AA基因型、A等位基因频率高于对照组(P<0.05),GG基因型、G等位基因频率低于对照组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,与携带GG基因型患者相比,携带GA、AA、GA+AA患者发生乳腺癌风险分别为3.125、3.938、3.450倍,与携带G等位基因患者相比,携带A等位基因患者发生乳腺癌风险为3.008倍,均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);所有患者中位生存期为26个月,rs9282861位点GG、GA、AA基因型中位生存时间分别为30个月、24个月、20个月,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论SULT1A1基因rs9282861位点与本地区女性乳腺癌易感性及他莫昔芬治疗预后存在关联,参与了乳腺癌的发生、发展过程。     

CTLA-4启动子及外显子区域基因多态性与胃癌的相关性研究

目的 探讨细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原4（CTLA-4）基因外显子49位点及启动子1722位点单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与青岛地区人群胃癌发病率的相关性。方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态法（PCR-RFLP）检测青岛地区胃癌患者、萎缩性胃炎及健康对照组患者中CTLA-4+49A／G及-1722T／C基因多态性的分布,并分析其多态性与胃癌临床病理特征的关系。结果 萎缩性胃炎组及胃癌组CTLA-4外显子49位点AG及GG基因型的分布频率显著高于健康对照组（P＜0.05）,携带AG及GG基因型者较携带AA基因型者罹患胃癌的风险分别增加至2.63倍（95％CI：1.053～6.542）及5.69倍（95％CI：2.262～14.302）,且男性胃癌患者携带AG及GG基因型明显增加。与健康对照组相比,胃癌组及萎缩性胃炎组的CTLA-4启动子1722位点各基因型分布差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,其多态性与胃癌患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤分化程度及TNM分期无相关性。结论 CTAL 4+49A／G基因多态性与胃癌的遗传易感性相关。     

甘肃汉族妇女XRCC1和CCNH基因多态性与乳腺癌及乳腺良性肿瘤易感性研究

目的： 研究甘肃地区汉族妇女XRCC1 rs25487、CCNH rs2234942基因多态性与乳腺癌及乳腺良性肿瘤发病的相关性。方法：选取经病理组织学确诊的乳腺癌、乳腺良性肿瘤各101例,匹配相同数量健康人作对照。使用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态分析技术(PCR-RFLP)对XRCC1、CCNH进行基因型分析,通过Logistic回归分析不同基因型和临床病理特征与乳腺癌发病的风险性关系,通过χ2检验比较两种基因位点不同基因型的初潮年龄、发病年龄与乳腺癌和乳腺良性肿瘤的相关性。结果：Logistic回归分析发现XRCC1 rs25487位点GG基因型携带者的妇女罹患乳腺癌的危险性增加(P=0.001, OR=6.39, 95%CI： 2.18～ 18.65);临床病理免疫组化分析显示,XRCC1基因 rs25487位点携带AA/AG基因型者,在PR+与PR-乳腺癌组织间的分布差异有显著性(P=0.04,OR=0.29);携带AG/GG基因型者,在Her-2+与Her-2-乳腺癌组织间的分布差异有显著性(P=0.008, OR=0.45)。χ2检验显示,乳腺癌和乳腺良性肿瘤患者XRCC1 rs25487位点GG/AG基因型携带者的初潮年龄差异有显著性(P=0.001、0.043);乳腺癌和乳腺良性肿瘤患者CCNH rs2234942位点GG基因型携带者的初潮年龄差异有显著性(P=0.049);乳腺癌和乳腺良性肿瘤患者XRCC1 rs25487和CCNH rs2234942位点GG基因型携带者,发病年龄差异有显著性(P=0.019、0.048)。结论：XRCC1 rs25487 GG基因型将会增加乳腺癌的发病风险,XRCC1 rs25487位点携带AA/AG基因型者,在PR+时乳腺癌的发病风险下降;携带AG/GG基因型者,在Her-2+时可能降低乳腺癌的发病风险。     

Association of the -2518 A/G Polymorphism of MCP-1 with Breast Cancer in Punjab,North-West India

Background: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a major chemokine thought to be responsiblefor monocyte and T-lymphocyte recruitment in acute inflammatory conditions and recruitment of macrophagesin tumors. It is also implicated in cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonarydisease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphismand breast cancer risk in patients from Amritsar city of Punjab state in North-West India. Materials and Methods:We screened DNA samples of 200 sporadic breast cancer patients and 200 age and gender matched unrelatedhealthy individuals for MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism using the PCR-RFLP method. Results: A significantlyincreased frequency of the GG genotype was observed in patients as compared to controls. Individuals carryingthe MCP1 -2518GG genotype had a two fold risk for breast cancer (OR=2.06, 95%CI, 1.06-3.98; p=0.03). Geneticmodels analysis revealed a significant association between MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism and cancer riskin homozygous co-dominant (OR=2.06, 95%CI, 1.06-3.98; p=0.03) and recessive (OR=1.97, 95%CI, 1.05-3.70;p=0.03) models. Conclusions: We conclude that the GG genotype of the MCP-1-2518 A/G polymorphism isassociated with increased risk to breast cancer in Punjab, North-West India.     

2q35 rs13387042和8q24 rs13281615单核苷酸多态性与中国东北汉族绝经前妇女乳腺癌风险关系

背景与目的：乳腺癌作为中国女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,每年的新发数量和死亡数量分别占全世界的12.2%和9.6%,但与中国乳腺癌患者明显相关的基因多态位点至今尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨2q35 rs13387042和8q24 rs13281615单核苷酸多态性与中国北方汉族绝经前妇女乳腺癌风险关系,为预防和治疗乳腺癌提供循证依据。方法：采用多重单碱基延伸单核苷酸多态性分型技术(SNaPshot)分析方法,检测了280例绝经前乳腺癌患者和287例绝经前正常对照者2q35 rs13387042和8q24 rs13281615多态性位点基因型,并比较不同基因型和等位基因与乳腺癌风险的关系。结果：2q35 rs13387042多态性位点基因型频率在乳腺癌和对照样本之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.017);8q24 rs13281615多态性位点基因型频率在乳腺癌和对照样本之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.967)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,对于2q35 rs13387042位点,与GG相比,GA和GA+AA基因型携带者显著增加乳腺癌的患病风险(OR=1.793,95%CI：1.177～2.733,P=0.007;OR=1.691,95%CI：1.122～2.550,P=0.012),而AA携带者与乳腺癌的患病风险无关(OR=0.572,95%CI：0.104～3.153,P=0.521);与G等位基因相比,A等位基因显著增加乳腺癌的患病风险(OR=1.505,95%CI：1.033～2.193,P=0.033)。对于8q24rs13281615位点,与AA相比,AG、GG和AG+GG基因型携带者与乳腺癌的患病风险无关(OR=0.992,95%CI：0.660～1.490,P=0.968;OR=1.047,95%CI：0.642～1.708,P=0.853;OR=1.007,95%CI：0.682～1.487,P=0.971);与A等位基因相比,G等位基因不增加乳腺癌患病风险(OR=1.021,95%CI：0.809～1.288,P=0.863)。结论：本实验证实2q35 rs13387042多态性位点能够增加中国北方汉族绝经前妇女乳腺癌易感风险,而8q24 rs13281615多态性位点与中国北方汉族绝经前妇女乳腺癌易感性无明显相关性。     

Associations of ERCC4 rs1800067 Polymorphism with Cancer Risk: an Updated Meta-analysis

Background: Results from previous studies concerning the association of ERCC4 rs1800067 polymorphismwith risk of cancer were inconsistent. To explore the exact relation with susceptibility, we conducted the presentmeta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Literature of electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science,EMBASE, Wanfang and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were systematically searched. ORsand their 95%CIs were used to assess the strength of associations between ERCC4 polymorphism and cancerrisk. Results: There was no significant association between ERCC4 rs1800067 AA or AG genotypes and overallrisk of cancer (AA vs. GG: OR=0.998, 95%CI=0.670-1.486, P=0.992; AG vs. GG: OR=0.970, 95%CI=0.888-1.061, P=0.508). A dominant genetic model also did not demonstrate significant association of (AA+AG)genotype carriers with altered risk of overall cancer (OR=0.985, 95%CI=0.909-1.068, P=0.719). In addition,no significant association was observed between A allele of ERCC4 rs1800067 A/G polymorphism and alteredcancer risk compared with G allele (OR=0.952, 95%CI=0.851-1.063, P=0.381). Subgroup analysis suggestedthat AA genotype carriers were significantly associated with decreased risk of glioma compared with wild-typeGG genotype individuals (OR=0.523, 95%CI=0.275-0.993, P=0.048). For subgroup of lung cancer, A allele ofERCC4 rs1800067 A/G polymorphism was significantly associated with decreased risk of lung cancer comparedwith G allele (OR=0.806, 95%CI=0.697-0.931, P=0.003). Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that ERCC4rs1800067 A/G polymorphism might not be associated with risk of overall cancer. However, individuals with theAA genotype were associated with significantly reduced risk of glioma compared with wild-type GG genotype;The A allele was associated with significantly reduced risk of lung cancer compared with G allele. Future largescalestudies performed in multiple populations are warranted to confirm our results.     

CTLA-4基因多态性-318T/C,CT60G/A,+49G/A与结直肠癌易感性的相关分析

目的:探讨细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4(cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4,CTLA-4)基因多态性-318 T/C,CT60 G/A,+49 G/A与结直肠癌发生的相关性,为早期预测结直肠癌的发生提供理论依据.方法:自2016年7月至2017年3月,共有167例结直肠癌患者纳入该研究,并选取同期体检健康者245例作为对照.抽取空腹外周静脉血提取DNA后,采用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)技术扩增后直接测序法检测CTLA-4-318 T/C,CT60 G/A,+49 G/A基因位点的多态性,比较两组-318 T/C,CT60 G/A,+49 G/A基因型发生的频率、不同等位基因的分布,分析CTLA-4-318 T/C,CT60 G/A,+49 G/A基因多态性与结直肠癌易感性的关系.结果:与对照组相比,不规律的饮食、排便及肠道基础疾病(息肉、炎症)均可能是结直肠癌患者的高危因素.与携带CTLA-4+49 AA基因型患者相比,携带CTLA-4+49 GG基因型患者发生结直肠癌的危险性为OR=1.698;同时,疾病组+49 G等位基因频率显著高于对照组(OR=0.669,P=0.005).不同CTLA-4+49 G/A基因型在不同分期结直肠癌患者中的分布具有明显统计学差异(P<0.05).结论:CTLA-4+49 G/A基因多态性与结直肠癌的发生有关.     

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) gene and susceptibility of Iranian patients with lung cancer

Stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1), a CXC chemokine that play important roles in tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis of tumor cells, has a polymorphism at position 801 of its 3'-untranslated region, known as SDF1-3'A. This polymorphism has been investigated in HIV-1 infection and the susceptibility to breast cancer. In this investigation 72 lung cancer patients and 262 cases of normal healthy control were investigated for the genotype frequency of SDF-1 gene. Genotype frequency was carried out by PCR-RFLP method. Of 72 cancer patients 9 (12.5%) cases were emerged with AA genotype, 38 (52.8%) patients with AG and 25 (34.7%) with GG genotype. Comparison of these data with genotype frequency of SDF-1 gene of 262 normal healthy controls indicates a significant difference among patient and control groups (P=0.008). Results also showed that the frequency of AA and AG genotypes was higher among patients, while the frequency of GG genotype was lower compared to the controls. By considering the importance of SDF-1 in several physiological processes and also its significant biological behavior in cancer metastasis and on the basis of the results of this study we conclude that AA and AG genotypes of SDF-1 may be considered as factors increasing the susceptibility of Iranian patients to lung cancer.     

CXCL12 G801A polymorphism is a risk factor for sporadic prostate cancer susceptibility.

PURPOSE: The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 have been found to be associated with cancer metastasis. A single nucleotide polymorphism of CXCL12 G801A has been described and is regarded as a target for cis-acting factor that has the ability to up-regulate CXCL12 expression. Currently, there are no reports investigating the role of CXCL12 G801A polymorphism in prostate cancer (PC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We genotyped CXCL12 G801A and p53Arg72Pro in 167 PC patients and 167 age-matched healthy subjects. Genotyping was done with PCR-RFLP and confirmed by direct DNA sequencing. To investigate the effect of the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism on CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression, immunohistochemistry was done in genotyped PC tissues. RESULTS: A significant increase in the GA + AA genotype of the CXCL12 G801A polymorphism was observed in PC patients compared with healthy controls. The frequency of CXCL12 AA genotype was significantly higher in a group of patients with lymph node metastasis (23%) compared with those without metastasis (7%). The frequency of CXCL12 expression in AA + GA genotype carriers was significantly higher than that in GG genotype carriers. Among the carriers with CXCL12 GA + AA genotypes, CXCR4 expression was also significantly higher compared with those with the GG genotype. Moreover, among the groups with both CXCL12- and CXCR4-positive staining, the frequency of the CXCL12 GA + AA genotype was high. Although we did not find a significant relationship between the frequency of the Arg/Pro + Pro/Pro genotype of p53 Arg72Pro and susceptibility in PC, there was a combined effect of CXCL12 GA + AA genotype and the p53 72Arg/Pro + Pro/Pro genotype on the frequency of PC. These results indicate that the p53 codon 72 polymorphism may interact with CXCL12 G801A. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report showing that CXCL12 G801A polymorphism may be a risk factor for PC. Moreover, this study suggests that this polymorphism can be an important marker for detecting microinvasion and PC metastasis.     

Association of Leptin Receptor Q223R Gene Polymorphism and Breast Cancer Patients: A Case Control Study

Introduction: Leptin is a hormone secreted from adipocytes that regulates metabolism and energy homeostasis through the leptin receptor (LEPR). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of leptin receptor gene Q223R gene polymorphism, and plasma leptin level among obese breast cancer females. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 160 breast cancer patients and 160 healthy control females. LEPR Q223R polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Serum leptin was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay human leptin kit.  Immunohistochemical tests from paraffin blocks were carried out for estrogen and progesterone staging using the precise antibodies. Results: An association was found between LEPR gene Q223R gene polymorphism among obese breast cancer females. Statistical difference was found between GG (60.6%) Arg/Arg genotype (OR=2.986; 95%CI=1.540 to 5.789; p= 0.001) compared to AA (33.1%) Gln/Gln genotype. GG Q223R LEPR polymorphism showed statistically significant difference among obese breast cancer patients (BMI more than 25) compared to control (P < 0.0001). GG genotype of Q223R LEPR polymorphism showed statistically significant increased leptin level (p-value =0.0001) among obese patients (mean± SD; 23.39±4.32) compared to control (17.83±5.67). Conclusions: Q223R LEPR polymorphism GG genotype was associated with increased leptin profile among obese breast cancer females.     

Genetic Polymorphism of Epidermal Growth Factor Gene as a Predictor of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Cirrhotic Patients

Background: In Egypt, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is approximately 4.7% of chronic liver disease patients due to (HCV) infection. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) plays an important role in hepatocyte regeneration. A functional polymorphism in EGF 61A>G was identified; itwas associated with higher risk of HCC. Objectives: to investigate the correlation between the epidermal growth factor (EGF) polymorphism and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in hepatitis C viral (HCV) cirrhotic patients as well as its relation to EGF protein expression in HCC tissue. Patients and methods: this casecontrol study was conducted on 75 HCV cirrhotic patients including 50 HCC patients (25 withresectable HCC and 25 with advanced unresectable HCC) and 25 healthy persons were included. EGF genotype was detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism. EGF expression in HCC tissue biopsiesfrom patientswhounderwent surgical resection was done by immunohistochemical examination. Results: The GG genotype was associated with significant increased risk of HCC compared to AA genotypes (P=0.031) in cirrhotic group. The G allele had a highly significant risk of HCC compared to allele Ain recessive model GG vs. AG+AA (P=0.036) rather than in the dominant model GG +AG vs. AA (P=0.66). There was significant increased expression of EGF in tumour tissues in patients with GG genotype compared to AG genotype and AA genotype p= 0.019. Conclusion: EGF gene polymorphism (GG genotype) had a significant risk of HCC development in cirrhotic patients. This is confirmed by increased EGF expression in liver tumor tissue from HCC patients.     

Cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism and breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis involving 23,998 subjects

Cyclin D1 (CCND1) plays an essential role in tumor development and progression through regulating the cell transition from G1 to the proliferative S phase. The CCND1 G870A polymorphism has been associated with an increased susceptibility to squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, bladder, prostate, and gastric cardiac cancers. There are a number of studies that explored the relationship between CCND1 G870A polymorphism and breast cancer risk, with inconsistent conclusions. In order to better define the predictive value of CCND1 G870A polymorphism in breast cancer, we searched PubMed and EBSCO for relevant publications. A total of 13 studies were indentified, which included 11,235 cases and 12,763 controls. We calculated the summary odds ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence interval. Our meta-analysis showed that carriers of AA genotype have a significantly higher risk in developing breast cancer compared with that of GG genotype (OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.01-1.17, p > = 0.03) in overall population. Furthermore, in subgroup analysis, CCND1 G870A polymorphism was associated with a marginally increased risk of breast cancer for Chinese compared to Caucasian populations with an OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.00-1.20, p-trend = 0.06 for AA + GA versus GG, if the controls were hospital-based population with an OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 0.99-1.47, p = 0.06 for AA versus GG and if the distributions of genotypes in control groups were consistent with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) with an OR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.00-1.15, p = 0.04 for AA versus GA + GG. Our meta-analysis represents the largest study to date indicating that the G870A polymorphism in CCND1 confers an increased risk for breast cancer. Further studies are warranted to explore the preventive measures to detect and manage the breast cancers attributable to the G870A polymorphism.     

Cyclin D1 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to lung cancer in a Chinese population

The objective was to study the relationship between cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) polymorphism and lung cancer in the Chinese population. Blood samples of 182 cases and 185 controls were collected from a hospital based case-control study. PCR-SSCP was used to examine the G/A polymorphism in exon 4 of CCND1. The results showed that the frequencies of the CCND1 AA, GA and GG genotypes were 31.3, 46.7 and 22.0% respectively in cases, and 21.1, 53.0 and 25.9 respectively in controls. Adjusted by age (in years), sex and smoking status, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the AA genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk (OR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.01-3.45) for lung cancer. In the stratification analysis, the CCND1 AA variant genotype was associated with increased risk in individuals who were 相似文献   

Specific CCND1 G870A Alleles Associated with Breast Cancer Susceptibility: a Meta-analysis of 5,528 Cases and 5,353 Controls

Background: The Cyclin D1(CCND1) G870A polymorphism may be associated with breast cancer, but theevidence from individual studies is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation betweenthe CCND1 G870A polymorphism and breast cancer risk in a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: Wesearched Pubmed and analysed 11 articles on 5,528 cases and 5,353 controls before February 1, 2012. Results:we found there are significant association for AA versus GG and AA versus GA/GG. No significant associationswere found for GA versus GG, GA/AA versus GG. There are significant association for AA versus GG ,and AAversus GA/GG in Caucasians. We didn’t find any significant main effects for G870A polymorphism on breastcancer risk either in recessive or dominant models in Asians. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests that AAof the CCND1 G870A polymorphism is associated with breast cancer susceptibility.     

凋亡相关基因Fas-1377和Fas-670基因多态对乳腺癌预后的影响

目的 探讨Fas-1377和Fas-670基因的多态性与中国女性乳腺癌患者预后之间的关系.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,检测310例中位随访时间达10.5年的原发性乳腺癌患者Fas-1377和Fas-670基因的多态性,分析其与乳腺癌预后的关系.结果 Fas-1377和Fas-670基因的多态性与全组乳腺癌患者的预后无显著的相关性(P>0.05).在腋淋巴结阴性的患者中,Fas-1377基因多态性与乳腺癌患者的预后显著相关,AA纯合突变型患者的5年总生存率(OS)显著低于GA和GG基因型者(66.7%:95.4%,P=0.03);而Fas-670基因多态性与腋淋巴结阴性患者的预后无显著的相关性(P>0.05).在腋淋巴结阳性的患者中,Fas-1377和Fas-670基因的多态性与患者的5年OS均无显著的相关性(均P>0.05).结论 在腋淋巴结阴性的乳腺癌患者中,Fas-1377基因多态具有潜在的预后价值,携带Fas-1377 AA基因型的乳腺癌患者预后不良.     

Functional genetic variations in cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 and susceptibility to multiple types of cancer

Antitumor T lymphocytes play a pivotal role in immunosurveillance of malignancy. The CTL antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is a vital negative regulator of T-cell activation and proliferation. This study examined whether genetic polymorphisms in CTLA-4 are associated with cancer susceptibility. A two-stage investigation using haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphism approach and multiple independent case-control analyses was performed to assess the association between CTLA-4 genotypes and cancer risk. Functional relevance of the polymorphisms was examined by biochemical assays. We found that the 49G>A polymorphism in the CTLA-4 leading sequence causing (17)Ala to (17)Thr amino acid substitution is associated with increased susceptibility to multiple cancers, including lung, breast, esophagus, and gastric cardia cancers. Genotyping in 5,832 individuals with cancer and 5,831 control subjects in northern and southern Chinese populations showed that the CTLA-4 49AA genotype had an odds ratio of 1.72 (95% confidence interval, 1.50-2.10; P = 3.4 x 10(-7)) for developing cancer compared with the 49GG genotype. Biochemical analyses showed that CTLA-4-(17)Thr had higher capability to bind B7.1 and stronger inhibitory effect on T-cell activation compared with CTLA-4-(17)Ala. T cells carrying the 49AA genotype had significantly lower activation and proliferation rates compared with T cells carrying the 49GG genotype upon stimulation. These results are consistent with our hypothesis and indicate that genetic polymorphisms influencing T-cell activation modify cancer susceptibility.