合并浅前房的年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化术后疗效分析

目的:探讨合并浅前房的年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化术后的疗效.方法:选取我院2015-06/2016-10收治的年龄相关性白内障合并浅前房患者38例38眼,根据中央前房深度:轻度浅前房 (2~2.5mm)23眼,高危浅前房(<2.0mm)15眼.收集同时期正常前房的年龄相关性白内障患者38例38眼作为对照组.两组均由同一位眼科医师行白内障超声乳化术,术后随访3mo,观察手术前后视力、眼压、前房深度、角膜内皮细胞密度及术后并发症情况.结果:术前两组患者视力、眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术后两组患者视力均比术前提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后不同时间两组患者眼压比术前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组患者前房深度较术前增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),角膜内皮细胞密度较术前减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后不同时间两组间眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度、前房深度比较均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术中浅前房组发生后囊膜破裂1眼、悬韧带断裂1眼.正常前房组无后囊膜破裂,悬韧带断裂发生.术后浅前房组发生角膜水肿10眼,角膜水肿的发生率为26%.正常前房组角膜水肿3眼,角膜水肿的发生率为8%.两组患者的并发症发生率比较有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对于合并浅前房的年龄相关性白内障患者应及时进行超声乳化手术.术前准确评估,术中仔细操作,可使患者术后视力提高,前房深度加深,超声乳化术治疗合并浅前房的年龄相关性白内障患者安全、有效.     

表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化术治疗高度近视合并年龄相关性白内障

目的探讨表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化术治疗高度近视合并年龄相关性白内障的临床疗效。方法 对我院2009年1月至2010年12月高度近视合并年龄相关性白内障患者48例(48眼)进行回顾性分析,所有患者在表面麻醉下行白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,术后3d、1个月、3个月检查记录患者术后视力情况,并采用直接检眼镜检查眼底,观察术后屈光状态、眼压及并发症情况。结果 术中3眼发生后囊膜破裂,给予前房玻璃体清除及虹膜周边切除术,均顺利植入人工晶状体;2眼出现晶状体悬韧带部分断裂,经加大黏弹剂剂量后顺利植入人工晶状体。除2眼外,其余患眼术后视力较术前均有显著提高,差异均有显著统计学意义(均为P<0.01)。术后3个月实际与预计植入屈光度差值为(3.28±1.44)D,平均(-2.52±2.13)D。术后后囊膜混浊13眼,其中9眼行Nd:YAG激光后囊膜切开术;虹膜后粘连3眼;5眼出现一过性高眼压,多在术后2～3d内自行恢复;未见其他明显的术后并发症。结论 表面麻醉下白内障超声乳化术治疗高度近视合并年龄相关性白内障具有手术时间短、切口小、痛苦少、恢复快等优点,是较理想和值得推广的方法。     

年龄相关性白内障超声乳化术后干眼的观察

目的：探讨年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后干眼情况及其临床特点。方法：对我院2014－05／2015－10期间眼科门诊实施白内障超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者145例145眼,术前3d,术后1wk,1、3、6mo进行眼部检查。检查项目包括：（1）眼表疾病指数问卷;（2）泪河;（3）角膜荧光素染色;（4）泪膜破裂时间（BUT）;（5）泪液分泌试验（Schirmer Ⅰtest,SⅠt）。结果：年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后可出现干眼症状及体征,如泪河线变窄, BUT缩短、SⅠt值下降,角膜荧光素染色着色。此现象可在术后1 wk即可出现,术后1 mo时达到最明显的状态,持续至术后3mo,术后6mo部分患者的症状可有一定程度恢复。结论：老年人由于其特殊生理特点,超声乳化吸除联合人工晶状体植入术后30 d出现严重的干眼,之后可缓慢恢复。应适时给予预防和治疗,从而提高患者的眼部舒适度及视觉质量。     

年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化术后并发眼内感染的风险因素分析

目的：探讨影响年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化手术治疗后的眼内感染风险因素,为降低术后眼内感染发生率提供合理干预对策,提高治疗效果。

方法：选取我院2012-06/2017-03收治的4 500例6 180眼进行超声乳化手术治疗的年龄相关性白内障患者病历资料进行分析,对于出现手术后眼内感染的患者进行玻璃体穿刺,收集标本进行采集培养和检查,分析感染性病原菌分布情况、患者年龄、术前慢性病史、手术切口等各种因素对发生眼内感染的影响,数据采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行分析处理。

结果：本研究中,所有患者超声乳化术后眼内感染发生率为0.19%(12/6180),年龄≥75岁、伴有糖尿病、采取透明角膜切口手术的患者,术后眼内感染发生率明显更高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05); 手术过程中玻璃体溢出和晶状体后囊破裂的术后眼内感染发生率分别为60.00%(9/15)和66.67%(8/12),明显高于未发生患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。

结论：对于年龄≥75岁、伴有糖尿病的白内障患者术前应提前做好干预措施,手术过程中应合理选择手术切口并尽量避免玻璃体溢出和晶状体后囊破裂等并发症,以降低眼内感染发生率,提高患者术后恢复和手术成功率。     

年龄相关性白内障超声乳化摘除IOL植入术并发症及处理

目的:探讨年龄相关性白内障超声乳化摘除人工晶状体(IOL)植入术常见并发症的发生原因及处理原则。方法:对578例603眼的术后并发症进行临床分析。结果:术后出现角膜内皮水肿42眼(7.0%),晶状体后囊膜破裂19眼(3.2%),暂时性高眼压29眼(4.8%),眼前节毒性综合征2眼(0.3%),黄斑囊样水肿2眼(0.3%),人工晶状体移位1眼(0.2%)。结论:并发症发生与超声乳化本身的损害因素及术者的操作技术及经验密切相关,术前应了解发生并发症的原因及症状,以便预防和处理。     

白内障合并年龄相关性黄斑变性患者行超声乳化晶状体吸出术临床疗效

目的探讨超声乳化晶状体吸出术治疗白内障合并年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)患者的疗效及对黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度的影响。方法回顾分析我院行超声乳化晶状体吸出术的白内障患者72例(80眼),其中单纯白内障患者40例(44眼),合并AMD患者32例(36眼);于我院门诊就诊确诊近期不行手术合并AMD的白内障患者30例(32眼)。分别于术前,术后1d、1周、4周、3个月检测患者的最佳矫正视力、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度及黄斑区组织变化情况,并作比较。结果单纯白内障组和合并AMD组分别有43眼(97.73%)和25眼(69.44%)术后视力较术前有不同程度提高;AMD未手术组12眼(37.50%)视力有不同程度下降,未发现视力提高者。单纯白内障组和合并AMD组术后黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度均较术前增加,但仅在术后4周与术前比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.567,P=0.012;t=3.076,P=0.003),且与单纯白内障组相比,合并AMD组术后4周时黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度增加更为明显,差异有统计学意义(t=2.044,P=0.044);AMD未手术组术后黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度与术前比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。单纯白内障组有5眼视网膜厚度明显增加,1眼于术后4周出现黄斑囊样水肿;合并AMD组有8眼视网膜厚度明显增加,2眼出现黄斑囊样水肿,未发现脉络膜新生血管产生者;AMD未手术组观察期内未发现黄斑区明显改变者。结论合并AMD的白内障患者经超声乳化晶状体吸出术后视力可有不同程度提高,手术本身并不诱导脉络膜新生血管的产生。超声乳化晶状体吸出术对于合并AMD的白内障患者是一种相对安全的手术方法。     

不同劈核技术对年龄相关性白内障超声乳化术疗效的影响

目的：探讨不同劈核技术对年龄相关性白内障超声乳化术疗效的影响。

方法：选取2015-01/2018-01本院收治的年龄相关性白内障患者200例264眼,依据随机数字表法分为拦截组(100例130眼)和钩法组(100例134眼)。拦截组给予拦截劈核技术完成超声乳化术,钩法组给予钩法预劈核技术完成超声乳化术,比较两组患者实际超声乳化时间(US/TIME)、累积释放能量(cumulative release energy,CDE)、最佳矫正视力、角膜水肿程度、并发症。

结果：钩法组US/TIME、CDE明显低于拦截组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 钩法组术后1、3d最佳矫正视力明显高于拦截组,而角膜水肿程度明显低于拦截组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。拦截组和钩法组术后7d最佳矫正视力、角膜水肿程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。钩法组并发症发生率明显低于拦截组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：与拦截劈核技术比较,钩法预劈核技术可有效减少年龄相关性白内障患者超声乳化术的US/TIME、CDE,有利于尽早改善患者最佳矫正视力、角膜水肿程度,且可有效减少并发症。     

临床护理路径在治疗年龄相关性白内障的应用及效果评价

目的:评价临床护理路径在超声乳化白内障吸除术联合人工晶状体植入术中治疗年龄相关性白内障的应用效果。方法:采用对照临床试验研究,将75例年龄相关性白内障分为应用临床护理路径的观察组和应用常规护理的对照组。评价指标包括:临床疗效、术前平均等待时间、平均住院日、平均住院费用、医疗护理质量和患者满意度。结果:临床疗效包括术后最佳矫正视力,两组无统计学差异(P>0.05);平均术前等待时间、平均住院时间、平均住院费用,观察组均显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医疗护理质量包括疾病知识掌握率、健康知识掌握率和满意率,观察组亦显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:临床护理路径在超声乳化白内障吸除术联合人工晶状体植入术治疗年龄相关性白内障患者中应用,可有效缩短治疗时间,降低治疗费用,提高医疗护理质量及患者满意度。     

The patient-reported outcome of age-related cataract using Catquest-8SF questionnaire

AIM: To assess the patient-reported outcome of phacoemulsification with posterior chamber single focus foldable intraocular lens (SIOL) using the Chinese version of Catquest-8SF questionnaire (Catquest-8SF-CN), evaluate the applicability of Catquest-8SF scale in northern Chinese and its sensitivity to cataract surgery. METHODS: Prospective clinical case follow-up study. The patients were recruited from the Central Hospital of Tai’an and completed the Catquest-8SF questionnaire by face-to-face interviews before and 3mo after surgery at the hospital. RESULTS: A total of 120 cataract patients with median age 67.6y and 52.5% female completed the Catquest-8SF. The Cronbach’s α coefficient of the total scale, daily-activity sub-table and comprehensive-evaluation sub-table were 0.861, 0.853 and 0.748 respectively. There was a high level of consistency between two investigators. The cumulative contribution rate was 66.64% by using the principal component analysis and the maximum variance orthogonal rotation method. The preoperative score of the Catquest-8SF-CN had a significant negative correlation with preoperative binocular mean weighted visual acuity and age (P<0.05), while a significant positive correlation with education level (F=6.094, P<0.001). The patients without systemic comorbidities got higher score than those who with (P<0.05). Three months after surgery, 102 (85%) patients came for follow-up and completed the questionnaire. Significant improvement of visual acuity was observed in both binocular and monocular surgery groups (t=10.404, P<0.001). There was higher improvement in binocular weighted visual acuity of binocular surgery group than in monocular surgery group (t=-20.77, P<0.001). The postoperative score was significantly higher in both groups than before (P<0.001). There was a significant improvement in the total score after cataract surgery. The 94 patients (92.2%) were very satisfied or satisfied with the operation; 92 patients (90.2%) thought the surgery achieved their expectations, and they all felt satisfactory. The degree of satisfaction was significantly correlated with the improvement score of the scale and it was also correlated with their expectation of the surgery. CONCLUSION: The Chinese version of Catquest-8SF questionnaire is suitable for the age-related cataract population in northern China. It is highly responsive to cataract surgery and brief, so it may have the potential to become part of a routine clinical assessment for cataract surgery in China. The patient’s overall satisfaction is high, which illustrates that the medical service we provide matches the patient’s needs. The degree of satisfaction was significantly correlated with the improvement score of the scale and it was also correlated with their expectation of the surgery.     

Catquest-9SF questionnaire shows greater visual functioning in bilateral cataract populations: A prospective study

Purpose:Visual functioning evaluated by the Catquest-9SF questionnaire has shown to be a valid measure for assessing a patient’s prioritization for cataract surgery. This study adapted Catquest-9SF for visual function outcomes post uni-lateral cataract surgery or bi-lateral cataract surgery.Methods:Visual functioning was assessed before and after uni-lateral or bi-lateral cataract surgery using the Catquest-9SF questionnaire. Patients were enrolled to this study prior to their cataract surgery between March 29 and April 30, 2021 at Shellharbour Hospital, Australia. Catquest-9SF questionnaires were completed prior to and 3 months post surgery. Resulting data were assessed for fit to a Rasch model using WINSTEPS software (version 4.2.0). Catquest-9SF data analysis of Chi-square, Wilcoxon sum test, and Fischer’s test were performed in R (version 4.1.0). P value <.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:Sixty-one patients (mean age = 73.2 years, 62% female) were included for analysis. Catquest-9SF response thresholds, adequate precision (person separation index = 2.58, person reliability = 0.87, Cronbach’s alpha = 0.74), uni-dimensionality, and no misfits (infit range 0.65–1.33; outfit range 0.64–1.31) were recorded. The mean of item calibration for patients was -0.22 post-operatively. There was significant (P <.05) improvement (16.3%) in visual functions across all nine Catquest 9-SF items. There was a significant mean visual function difference between patients with uni-lateral (10.1%) and bi-lateral cataract surgery (22.3%) pre-operatively and post-operatively.Conclusion:The Catquest-9SF questionnaire showed excellent psychometric properties and can assess visual functioning in an Australian population. There was a significant improvement in patient visual function post cataract surgery and higher functioning with bi-lateral cataract surgery.     

湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性患者白内障术后视力评估

目的:分析术前合并有年龄相关黄斑变性(wet age-related macular degeneration,wAMD)的白内障患者行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入手术后视力的恢复情况.方法:收集2013-06/2016-01于西安交通大学第一附属医院眼科就诊行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术患者的资料,筛选出术前合并wAMD且处于稳定期的患者48例61眼进行回顾性分析,对其手术前后视力的差异进行统计分析.结果:选取的61眼患者中49眼术后视力有提高,11眼术后视力无提高,1眼术后视力下降.手术前后视力进行秩合检验比较发现,术后视力明显优于术前视力,手术前后视力差异有统计学意义.未发现术后视力的改善情况与患者年龄的相关性.结论:对于术前合并wAMD的白内障患者,进行白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入手术可以较为有效地改善患者视力.     

手法小切口白内障手术在老年性白内障中的应用

目的：探讨手法小切口白内障手术( manual small incision cataract surgery,MSICS)的实用性。
　　方法：选取经MSICS治疗的306眼老年性白内障患者和经超声乳化( Phaco组)治疗的306眼老年性白内障患者,对两组患者的术后视力、屈光状态、角膜内皮细胞损失率进行比较。
　　结果：MSICS 组术后7 d 裸眼视力在1.0以上者33眼(10.78%);术后3mo 裸眼视力在1.0以上者76眼(24.84%),角膜内皮细胞损失率为8.7%,角膜散光较术前平均逆规化0 .75 D。 Phaco组术后7 d裸眼视力在1.0以上者63眼(20.59%);术后3mo裸眼视力在1.0以上者92眼(30 .07%),角膜内皮细胞损失率为21.67%。MSICS组平均角膜散光为-0.5DC,Phaco组平均角膜散光为-0.45DC,3mo 时两组角膜散光无统计学差异( P>0.05)。
　　结论：Phaco组因要使用超乳机,成本高,且超乳头的机械刺激、损伤、超声能量及灌注液对角膜内皮的影响,术后早期视力恢复慢。 MSICS不使用超声乳化仪、手工作、成本低、术后早期视力恢复快。     

双手微切口超声乳化联合IOL植入治疗年龄相关性白内障的观察

目的:观察双手微切口超声乳化手术治疗年龄相关性白内障的安全性和有效性。方法:年龄相关性白内障患者42例42眼,所有患者均接受同一手术者使用Legacy20000(美国Alcon公司)采用双手操作技术进行超声乳化手术。观察手术前后视力、眼压、角膜散光度和角膜内皮细胞的变化,以及术中术后的并发症。结果:患者术后1d;1wk;3mo术眼的最佳矫正视力分别为0.67±0.11,0.81±0.14,0.83±0.12,与术前相比,均有显著提高(P<0.01)。术后1d;1wk;3mo术眼的平均眼压分别为12.44±4.70,13.56±3.20,12.90±2.00mmHg,与术前相比,没有统计学的差异(P>0.05);术后1d;1wk;3mo术眼的平均角膜散光分别为1.23±0.62D(P<0.01),0.97±0.53D(P<0.05),0.65±0.47D(P=0.24),手术后第1d以及第1wk,术眼的散光较术前相比有显著性增加,术后3mo时,与术前相比无统计学意义;术后3mo角膜内皮密度为2235.06±418.43个/mm2,角膜内皮细胞的丢失率为(11.90±7.32)%。本组所有病例,术中、术后均没有发生严重的手术并发症。结论:双手微切口技术治疗年龄相关性白内障是安全有效的。     

年龄相关性白内障患者的综合性视觉功能指数与跌倒影响因素之间的关系

目的：：探讨年龄相关性白内障患者的综合性视觉功能指数与跌倒影响因素之间的关系。方法：纳入96例年龄相关性白内障术前患者作为受试者,使用综合性视觉功能指数( visual-functioning index, VF-7)问卷法评估受试者的综合性视觉功能。根据其结果进行分组,比较组间的跌倒影响因素差异性,包括视力、平衡功能、移动功能、认知及抑郁状态、对跌倒的担心等。结果：其中VF-7得分较低组的受试者,其年龄通常较大,有抑郁倾向,以及更担心跌倒;得分较低组的受试者视力、平衡功能和移动功能也较差。结论：不同水平的综合性视觉功能指数的年龄相关性白内障老年患者,其跌倒影响因素,包括视力、平衡功能、移动功能之间有显著的差异。综合性视觉功能指数作为一种简单方便的自评检查方式,可以用作对年龄相关性白内障患者的跌倒风险监测。     

老年性白内障电生理分析

目的:分析老年性白内障患者视觉电生理的改变。方法:对100例老年性白内障患者进行F-VEP、F-ERF检查。结果:F-VEP大多数正常,F-ERG表现为b波潜时延长,振幅降低。结论:视觉电生理检查对老年性白内障患者的视功能及预后判断有一定指导意义。