Minerals and trace elements in a collection of wheat landraces from the Canary Islands

Phosphorous, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn and Se were determined in eighteen wheat landraces from Canary Islands and a commercial cultivar. The mean values obtained were: P (2370 ± 333 mg/kg); Na (102 ± 52 mg/kg); K (4363 ± 386 mg/kg); Ca (351 ± 62 mg/kg); Mg (1163 ± 155 mg/kg); Fe (40.0 ± 5.5 mg/kg); Cu (2.68 ± 0.93 mg/kg); Zn (32.1 ± 2.9 mg/kg); Mn (22.1 ± 3.5 mg/kg); Se (67.7 ± 40.4 μg/kg). There were differences (P < 0.05) in the mineral and trace element between the analyzed cultivars, and between the species and subspecies of wheats. Therefore, the Triticum aestivum species had higher mean P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations, and a lower mean Se concentration, than Triticum turgidum species. The environment and agronomic practices could affect the genetic information of the seeds determining changes in the mineral and trace element composition. The wheat represents an excellent source of Mn (over 100% of recommended dietary intake, RDI), as well as P, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Se (20–50% of RDI). Many correlations were found between the parameters analyzed emphasizing the Cu–Mg (r = 0.691) and Cu–Mn (r = 0.619) correlations. Linear discriminant analysis allowed a good differentiation of the wheat samples according to the cultivar (89.7% of wheat samples classified correctly).     

Mineral elements content of wild growing edible mushrooms from the southeast of Spain

Wild-growing mushrooms could be a potential source of mineral elements The aim of this study was to analyze the mineral composition of 18 species of wild-growing mushrooms collected in a natural park from the Spanish southeast (province of Granada). Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, Cu and Zn, were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and P was analyzed colorimetrically by the vanadomolybdate procedure; the accuracy of methods was assessed by the use of certified reference materials. The contribution of mushrooms consumption to the mineral daily recommended intakes was calculated. Although large variations were observed between species, the most abundant mineral elements in the analyzed mushrooms were K and P, with average contents of 29.3 ± 8.1 and 8.60 ± 4.8 g/kg dry matter (dm), respectively. Low Na concentrations were observed (26.5–579 mg/kg dm), with the only exception of Amanita ovoidea, and high Fe values, exceeding in some cases 1000 mg/kg dm (such as in Lactarius deliciosus and Morchella conica). Mushrooms may be significant contributors of K and P in the human diet and also good sources of trace elements, especially Cu and Fe, providing negligible quantities of Na. Strong correlations were observed for Ca/Mg and Cu/Zn contents in the mushrooms analyzed.     

原子吸收法测定31种蔬菜水果中的微量元素含量

目的了解西安市市售常见蔬菜水果中微量元素含量,为指导人们的健康饮食提供参考数据。方珐采用原子吸收光谱法测定26种蔬菜和5种水果中的钙、镁、锌、铁、锰、铜、铅等元素含量。结果样品中钙含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、芹菜、青菜,钙含量最高的水果为橙子;镁含量前三位的蔬菜为白蒿、红薯、菠菜,镁含量最高的水果为香蕉;铁含量最高的蔬菜、水果分别为白蒿、菠萝;锌含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为莴笋和苹果;铜元素含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为红薯和苹果;锰含量最高的蔬菜和水果分别为生姜和菠萝;铅含量前三位的蔬菜是平菇、莲花白和莴笋。钙、镁、铁、锌、铜、锰含量的变化范围分别为18．64～2728．35mg／kg、46．03～572．28mg／kg、1．45～141．46mg／kg、8．25～83．67mg／kg、0．01～4．659mg／kg、0．124～43．383mg／kg、0．148～8．384mg／kg。结论不同蔬菜、水果中微量元素含量差别较大,人们应该合理膳食、平衡营养。     

Assessment of in vitro bioacessibility of macrominerals and trace elements in green banana flour

The in vitro gastrointestinal simulation allows estimating the bioaccessible fraction (BF), thus indicating the real nutritional food value. Most studies that use in vitro tests assess the antioxidant capacity of foods, however, the bioaccessibility of elements is still little explored, mainly in functional foods, as the green banana flour (GB). Therefore, this paper describes the total concentration and BF of Mg, Ca, Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe in different brands of GB flours. The chemical composition and phytic acid (PA) concentration were also determined. In general, the highest concentrations (mg 100 g⁻¹) of the total mineral were obtained for Mg (99.2–161) > Ca (27.9–74.7) > Fe (2.6–11). The highest gastrointestinal BF (%) were obtained for Mg (84–101), Mn (80–85), Cu (70–87) and Zn (76–92). The elements that were directly affected by the presence of PA were Ca and Fe, with BF ranging from 24 to 34 % and 21–35 %, respectively, most likely due to the formation of insoluble complexes in the conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. According to achieved results, based on total concentration, proximate composition and bioacessibility of elements, GB can provide an adequate intake of Mg, Cu, Fe and proteins, making its inclusion in the daily diet of great relevance.     

Mineral and trace element concentrations in seaweeds from the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes (Chile)

The P, Na, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Zn and Mn concentrations were determined in seventy-three samples of seaweeds belonging to different genera (classified as brown, red and green seaweeds), which were collected from three zones in the sub-Antarctic ecoregion of Magallanes (Chile). There were clear differences in the concentrations between the considered genera. Brown seaweed had the highest mean K (31.4 g/kg) and Ca (10.3 g/kg) concentrations compared with red (14.1 g/kg for K and 3.11 g/kg for Ca) and green (13.9 g/kg for K and 7.58 g/kg for Ca) seaweed, and green seaweed had the highest mean Mg (15.0 g/kg), Fe (1260 mg/kg) and Cu (7.46 mg/kg) concentrations. The consumption of a serving (8 g) from of the three groups of brown, red and green seaweed is a good source of Fe, Mg and Mn (>25% of the Dietary Recommended Intake). Significant differences were observed in the mean concentrations of all the minerals and trace elements, except for Fe, Cu and Mn, between the three collection zones. Factor and discriminant analysis were used to differentiate the type of seaweed and sampling zone. Besides which, good classifications were obtained according to the type of seaweed using discriminant analysis.     

ICP-OES和ICP-MS测定黄金茶中26种矿质元素含量

收集了2种不同产地的黄金茶样品,经过微波消解或密封消解后,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP—OES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP—MS)测定了其中Al,As,B,Ba,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cs,Cu,Fe,K,Mg,Mn,Mo,Na,Ni,P,Pb,Rb,S,Sb,Se,Sr,V和Zn等26种矿质元素的含量,并用生物标准参考物质灌木枝叶组合样(GBW07603)评价分析了方法的准确度。研究结果表明:黄金茶中人体必需宏量元素K,Na,Ca,Mg,S,P和人体必需微量元素Zn,Cu,Fe,Mn等含量十分丰富,而有害元素Pb,Cd,As,Sb等含量极低。2种不同产地的黄金茶中一些元素的含量存在明显的差异,可能与地壳中化学元素分布的不均一性等因素有关。     

Mineral determination and anti-LDL oxidation activity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves

In this study, the essential minerals Fe, Ca and Mg including the essential trace elements of Cr, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn in 11 species of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves were determined by ICP–MS. The levels of these elements were similar to those of common green leafy vegetables. The ratio of K and Na for the seven species of sweet potato leaves was higher than that of spinach, indicating that sweet potato leaves may be used in anti-hypertensive diet. The selenium and manganese contents were higher in all the sweet potato leaves than in other green leafy vegetables, such as spinach and water spinach. In addition, the anti-oxidative activity of the sweet potato leaves was examined in a low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-oxidation induction system. All the caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives indicated an anti-LDL oxidation activity at low concentrations (1–5 μM) and particularly, the activity of 3,4,5-triCQA was remarkably higher than those of 5-CQA and diCQA, such as 4,5-diCQA, 3,5-diCQA and 3,4-diCQA. The antioxidant activity of sweet potato leaves was correlated with the amounts of CQA derivatives in the range of r = 0.69–0.75. These results suggested that sweet potato leaves may prevent that developing atherosclerosis causes the oxidative modification of LDL. This study demonstrated that the sweet potato leaves containing an abundant nutrient mineral and functional polyphenol will be useful as a functional food material.     

Chronic Alcohol Abuse Alters Hepatic Trace Element Concentrations-Metallomic Study of Hepatic Elemental Composition by Means of ICP-OES

Trace element accumulation varies in different human tissues. Distribution of several elements was found to be disrupted in the case of excessive alcohol consumption, causing negative effects and exacerbation of pathological processes in the liver. In this study, we analyzed the levels and interactions between seven trace elements including calcium (Ca), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), potassium (K), and magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), sodium (Na), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) in individuals with alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and patients without AUD (control group). The liver samples were collected during autopsy from 39 individuals with AUD and 45 control subjects. Elemental composition inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) after wet mineralization by nitric acid was applied for the evaluation of the samples. Positive correlations dominated in the AUD group, mainly in relation to Mg, which strongly positively correlated with Ca, Mn, Fe; K correlated with Mn and Zn, and Cu positively correlated with K and Zn. The strongest positive correlation in the AUD group was observed for the Mg-Mn pair (r = 0.87). Significant statistical differences (p < 0.05) between the groups concerned the average concentration of Co, Cu, Mn, and Mg, which were lower in the AUD group, and Fe, the level of which was significantly higher in the AUD group compared to the control group. Evaluation of the chronic alcohol consumption effect on the accumulation of trace elements in the liver allows a better understanding of the pathological processes taking place in this organ.     

百色产黑木耳中的微量元素分析

用原子吸收和荧光分光光度法测定了百色市7县、区黑木耳中钾、钠、钙、镁、锌、锰、铁、铜、硒、铅等10种微量元素含量。结果表明:百色产的黑木耳中含有丰富的人体必需的微量元素,其中钾、锌等元素含量高于文献值,铅的含量低于食品卫生标准,不同地方出产的黑木耳的微量元素含量不相同。     

氯化锰染毒对大鼠肝脏亚细胞器微量元素含量的影响

目的探讨氯化锰(MnCl2)染毒对大鼠肝细胞核、线粒体、细胞膜微量元素的影响。方法雄性SD大鼠随机分为6组(30 d染毒组,90 d染毒组,90 d+30 d染毒组,30 d对照组,90 d对照组,90 d+30 d对照组),30 d染毒组和90 d染毒组分别经腹腔连续注射MnCl26 mg/(kg·d)(以Mn计)30 d、90 d(周日除外);90 d+30 d染毒连续注射MnCl290 d后停止染毒,继续正常喂养30 d。使用电感耦合等离子体-质谱(ICP-MS)仪测量大鼠肝细胞核、线粒体、细胞膜中Mn、Ca、Cu、Mg、Fe、Zn的含量。结果细胞核和细胞膜中的微量元素在染毒90 d后分别有不同程度的升高,线粒体中的微量元素除Mn和Ca元素含量显著升高外,均显著降低。结论肝细胞线粒体是Mn蓄积的主要场所,Mn对大鼠肝脏的损伤作用主要表现在对线粒体的损伤作用,染Mn后线粒体Cu、Fe、Zn、Mg含量降低,可能是Mn中毒引起肝线粒体损害的机制之一。     

火焰原子吸收法测定潮州芡实中的矿质元素

用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了潮州芡实中的K、Na、Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Mn、Fe、Ni、Pb、Cd等微量元素 ,为潮州芡实的开发提供了依据。各元素的回收率在 95 %～ 10 5 %。结果表明 ,潮州芡实中富含人体必需的微量元素及大量元素 ,有害元素Pb、Cd等含量较低。     

甲状腺功能亢进症患者头发微量元素研究

目的探讨甲状腺功能亢进症(甲亢)患者头发微量元素谱的变化及其与甲状腺功能状态的关系。方法对照组60例,甲亢组67例,测定头发微量元素[镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)、铬(Cr)、锰(Mn)、铁(Fe)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、锶(Sr)、钼(Mo)、钡(Ba)]以及血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离四碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT4)水平,比较两组间各微量元素的差异;并将甲亢患者各微量元素与FT3、FT4分别进行相关分析。结果甲亢组头发Zn、Cu、Mg、Cr水平降低,Mn、Sr水平升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05),Fe、Ca、Mo、Ba水平差异无统计学意义;Zn、Mg与FT3、FT4水平呈负相关,Mn与FT3、FT4水平呈正相关。结论甲亢患者存在头发微量元素谱的变化,微量元素与甲状腺功能状态相互关联,微量元素在甲亢的病理生理机制中可能起着重要作用。     

原子吸收分光光度法测定果品中8种矿质元素含量

采用空气—乙炔火焰原子吸收分光光度法同时测定K、Na、Ca、Mg、Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn等8种矿质元素,矿质元素浓度在0~5000μg/L时,其吸光度和矿质元素浓度的线性相关系数均在0.996以上,用此法测定了新疆地产4种特色果品中矿质元素的含量,取得了满意的结果。     

Element differences and evaluation of the dietary intake from farmed oysters and mussels collected at different sites along the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea

Concentrations of the macroelements Ca, Mg, K and Na, microelements Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn and toxic metals As, Cd, Hg and Pb were determined in oysters and mussels collected at farming sites in the northern, central and south Adriatic Sea. Mean concentrations in oysters were (mg kg⁻¹): As 4.51, Ca 1551, Cd 1.44, Cu 53.6, Cr 0.23, Fe 45.9, Hg 0.047, K 2476, Mg 895, Mn 2.80, Na 7148, Pb 0.52, Zn 675. Mean values in mussels were (mg kg⁻¹): As 4.71, Ca 601, Cd 0.37, Cu 1.91, Cr 0.29, Fe 49.6, Hg 0.026, K 2246, Mg 1043, Mn 2.49, Na 7992, Pb 0.58, Zn 28.8. Significant differences in the concentrations of toxic metals and elements were found in oysters and mussels among farming sites. Obtained Cd, Hg and Pb concentration in oysters and mussels were lower than the limit levels set by the European Community. However, Cd concentration exceeded the limit level of 1 mg kg⁻¹ in oysters from all locations except Lim Bay. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) indicate that oysters are a good source of Ca, Cu and Zn. The higher Cu and Zn concentrations than the toxicity reference values suggest a risk for consumers if larger quantities of oysters are consumed frequently.     

Diversity of seed mineral composition of Phaseolus vulgaris L. germplasm

A collection of 155 accessions of ancient Portuguese common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was evaluated in relation to the content of 8 minerals (Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, P and K) important for human nutrition. A high degree of variability for P, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Ca was observed in the collection. Total correlation matrix analysis revealed the existence of two important sets of strong positive correlations (P ≤ 0.0001), one involving P, Fe, Zn, Cu and protein, and the other Ca and Mn. The principal component analysis showed that Zn, Fe and Cu are highly correlated to the first component (27% of variability) and Mn and Ca to the second component (22% of the variability). The high mineral variability observed in the seeds of this common bean collection could be useful for the selection of cultivars with higher nutrition value and for the improvement of seed nutrition quality traits.     

山东7个地方鸡品种鸡蛋中矿物质元素含量的比较研究

用原子吸收光谱分析法测定了寿光鸡、琅琊鸡、日照麻鸡、鲁西斗鸡、芦花鸡、莱芜黑鸡、济宁百日鸡7个山东地方鸡品种鸡蛋中钙(Ca)、钠(Na)、钾(K)、镁(Mg)、铁(Fe)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)、铅(Pb)等10种矿物质元素的含量,其中前6种元素用火焰法测定,后4种元素用石墨炉法测定。用钼黄比色法测定7个山东地方鸡品种鸡蛋中磷(P)的含量。测定结果表明,在7个品种鸡蛋中,K含量最高,Na、P、Ca、Mg、Fe、Zn次之,而Cu、Cr、Mn相对较低,Pb的含量最低;7种鸡蛋相比较,莱芜黑鸡鸡蛋的K、P含量最高,百日鸡鸡蛋中Na、Ca、Mg含量最高,鲁西斗鸡鸡蛋含Fe、Zn、Mn、Cr量最高,寿光鸡、琅琊鸡鸡蛋Cu含量最高,寿光鸡、日照麻鸡鸡蛋Pb的含量最高。     

原子吸收光谱法测定一枝黄花中微量元素

用原子吸收光谱法测定了一枝黄花的根、茎、叶中的Zn、Ca、Pb、Fe、Cu、Mg、Cr、Na、K、Mn等10种微量元素的含量,并进行分析。结果表明,一枝黄花含有很多和人体健康密切相关的微量元素,具较高的药用价值。     

小学生龋患儿头发6种元素含量变化

用原子吸收光谱法检测汉中市174例小学生龋患儿及159名对照组小学生头发微量元素Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn及常量元素Ca、Mg的含量.结果表明龋患组发Ca含量明显低于对照组(P<0.01);女生龋患组发Zn、Fe、Mg含量低于女生对照组同指标(P<0.05);常态下女生发Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe含量明显高于男生同指标(P<0.001或P<0.01);发Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn5种元素之间有不同程度的相关性.提示龋病的发生可能与体内元素含量异常及性别有关.     

Contribution of Major Groups of Food Products to the Daily Intake of Selected Elements—Results from Analytical Determinations Supported by Chemometric Analysis

Food is a major source of minerals for humans. The main objective of this study was to determine the intake level of 10 essential macro- (Na, K, Ca, and Mg) and trace elements (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr, and Se) with major food groups among young adults. Dietary intake of elements was evaluated using the 24-h dietary recall technique in combination with F-AAS and ICP-OES methods. A very high intake of sodium and a very low intake of calcium, combined with inappropriate sodium/potassium ratio, may be harmful to the health of the population. Dietary intake of trace elements was within the range of reference values in the subjects, with cereals being the major source of a majority of those elements, while meat (38% for Na), vegetables (25% for K), and milk products (75% for Ca) were the main contributors to the daily dietary intake of macroelements. PCA revealed several visible trends in the datasetAmong men, the intake of Zn, Cr Na and K was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables, whereas Mg, Se, Fe and Cu with cereals and water and beverages. Among women, the intake of Mg was significantly correlated with the consumption of meat and vegetables.     

雷州半岛产龙眼树树叶及其立地土壤矿物质元素分析

应用原子吸收光谱法测定了雷州半岛产龙眼树树叶及其立地土壤中的10种矿物质元素含量,结果显示,龙眼树树叶中含有较丰富的Ca、Mg、K,不同种、不同产地龙眼树树叶中所含的矿物质元素含量有所不同;龙眼树立地土壤中都含有较丰富的Fe元素,Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca、Mg、Mn元素含量的地域差别较大。