新生儿血浆胆固醇影响因素研究

新生儿血浆胆固醇影响因素研究福建医学院附属一院妇产科刘林芳，邓炜福建医学院附属一院小儿科杨庆英，姚华英，高凤鸣福建省医学检验中心林宜贤，李维珍，张联娜动脉硬化是威胁人类健康的重要疾病，并可出现于婴儿［１］。高血脂是其重要病因，已有婴儿高明固醇血症的报...     

某些药物对大鼠血浆和肝脏脂蛋白脂酶活性及血浆胆固醇的影响

高浓度极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和高浓度低密度脂蛋白(LDL)血症是冠心病的易患因子,脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)可使VLDL转化为LDL,故LPL可能促进动脉粥样斑块的形成。但LPL又可促进高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的生成,而HDL是防止动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的有利因子,故又认为LPL可能有利于防止斑块的生成。由此可见LPL对动脉粥样硬化的影响具有两面性,LPL在脂蛋白代谢中的作用非常复杂。     

血浆TC/HDL-C和LDL-C/HDL-C比值与冠心病严重程度的相关性分析

目的探讨血浆TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值预测冠心病严重程度的价值。方法选择笔者所在医院2013年5月—2015年5月因胸痛、心前区不适行冠状动脉造影术的患者250例。按照诊断结果分为非冠心病组71例、单支病变组93例、多支病变组86例,分析三组血脂差异及冠状动脉不同病变程度(单支、多支)与血脂变化的相关性。结果非冠心病组TC、TG、LDL-C等指标均明显低于冠心病患者(单支和多支病变),组间比较,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01);而HDL-C指标对比结果,非冠心病组均明显高于冠心病患者(P<0.01);单支病变组TC、TG、LDL-C等指标与多支病变组比较,P>0.05;但单支病变组HDL-C指标明显高于多支病变组,组间比较,P<0.05;HDL-C与冠状动脉病变支数呈负相关,P<0.01;TC、TG、LDL-C指标与冠状动脉病变支数无明显相关性,P>0.05;非冠心病组TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C比值明显低于单支病变组和多支病变组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);单支病变组TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C、TG/HDL-C比值明显低于多支病变组,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C与冠状动脉病变支数呈正相关(P<0.01);TG/HDL-C与冠状动脉病变支数无明显相关性。结论 TC/HDL-C、LDL-C/HDL-C比值可作为临床预测心血管严重程度的可靠指标。     

大豆蛋白水解物对血浆胆固醇水平作用的初步探讨

目的:探讨膳食大豆蛋白水解物对高胆固醇模型大鼠血浆胆固醇及其有关血脂指标的影响,并对其可能的作用机理加以研究.方法:4周龄断乳雄性Wistar大鼠,经28d诱导高胆固醇模型以后,按血浆总胆固醇浓度将动物均衡分为两组,分别喂饲含酪蛋白和大豆蛋白水解物的纯合成高脂饲料56d.结果:经28d诱导高胆固醇模型后,高胆固醇模型大鼠的TC浓度是阴性对照组的1.51倍.又经56d喂饲含有处理因素的饲料后,酪蛋白组和大豆蛋白水解物组大鼠体重分别增加了198.5和117.4g;TC水平分别为(6.41±0.57)和(3.04±0.38)mmol/L;TG水平分别为(3.73±0.70)和(2.1 5±0.60)mmol/L;粪胆汁酸含量分别为(0.74±0.11)和(0.98±0.18)mmol/d;与酪蛋白组相比,大豆蛋白水解物组动物体重及TC,TG含量显著降-低.而粪胆汁酸含量显著增加(P＜0.05).大豆蛋白水解物组可使大鼠肝脏HMG-CoA还原酶mRNA,LDL-R mRNA的表达增强.结论:膳食大豆蛋白水解物摄入可降低高胆固醇模型大鼠TC、TG浓度、使粪胆汁酸排泄量增高,但对HDL-C水平无影响.另外,大豆蛋白水解物可以增强大鼠肝脏LDL-R基因的表达,这可能是其降低血浆胆固醇的机理之一.大豆蛋白水解物可影响血浆胆固醇水平,但其相应的作用机理还需进-步探讨.     

正常人群红细胞胆固醇与血浆脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平的研究

红细胞胆固醇(RBC-C)的含量较之血清总胆固醇的浓度的改变,更能反映有无冠心病的存在。红细胞成份及功能改变在一定程度上可以反映血管平滑肌细胞的变化,而动脉硬化的基本病理改变之一是动脉壁细胞内外脂质代谢的紊乱,因此测量RBC-C 水平,并探讨其与血浆脂蛋白组分胆固醇水平的关系将会为动脉硬化防治提供依据。目前国内     

低氧运动对大鼠血浆脂蛋白代谢的影响

本实验选取雄性SD健康大鼠40只,随机分为4组,即常氧安静组、常氧运动组、低氧安静组、低氧运动组。常氧运动组每天在常氧动物跑台上以25m/min、60min/d、6d/w运动;低氧运动组每天在相当于海拔2500m低氧动物跑台上以20m/min、60min/d、6d/w运动,其余时间在常氧环境下居住。实验6周之后采样测试指标,低氧运动组与常氧运动组比较,血浆甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的下降幅度和高密度脂蛋白的上升幅度都更明显,提示低氧运动对改善血脂代谢状态比常氧运动更为有效,更有利于外周组织胆固醇的清除,对防治动脉粥样硬化也更为有效。     

血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数与2型糖尿病患者合并冠心病的关系

目的探讨血浆致动脉粥样硬化指数(AIP)与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者合并冠心病的关系。方法选择96例2型糖尿病患者,按有无合并冠心病分成两组,测量身高、体重,计算体重指数(BMI),测量血压、血脂,血糖,计算AIP(指TG/HDL-C比值的对数值)。结果与2型糖尿病组比较,合并冠心病组BMI、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C差异无显著性(P>O.05),而AIP值差异显著(P<0.001),多因素logistic回归分析显示AIP与糖尿病合并冠心病的发生呈独立正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论AIP间接反映LDL-C颗粒直径的大小,可作为2型糖尿病患者发生大血管并发症危险性独立指标。     

血浆胆固醇低下54例临床分析

临床工作中 ,血浆胆固醇低下者较少见 ,兹对我院1997— 2 0 0 2年门诊及住院病人中血浆胆固醇低下的患者作一总结分析 ,现报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料 :本组 5 4例 ,门诊病人 16例 ,住院病人 3 8例 ,其中男性 3 5例 ,女性 19例 ,年龄 3 6～ 87岁 ,平均 5 9岁。血脂测定法均采用酶学法测定胆固醇 ,胆固醇 <3 .10m mol/L 者为胆固醇低下。 5 4例患者血浆胆固醇值在1.0 7～ 3 .0 8mm ol/L,平均 2 .5 7mm ol/L。患者疾病诊断 :1恶性肿瘤 14例 ,占 2 5 % ( 14/5 4) ,实质性肿瘤 11例 ,占 2 0 % ( 11/5 4) ,其中肺癌 4例 ,胃癌 2例 ,…     

地龙活性蛋白对实验性高脂血症大鼠的调脂作用及其机制

目的:研究地龙活性蛋白(Earthworm active protein,EWAP)对实验性高脂血症SD大鼠的调脂作用并探讨可能的降脂作用机制。方法:通过高脂饲料及维生素D2联合应用法建立SD大鼠高脂血症模型,以EWAP进行治疗28 d,末次给药后测定大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-c)水平、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)、肝脂酶(HL)活性、粪便胆汁酸(FBA)含量以及大鼠体质量变化。结果:EWAP高、中剂量组与模型组比较,TC、TG、LDL-c水平显著降低,同时HL,LPL活性及粪便中FBA排泄量均显著提高,并且EWAP高剂量组大鼠体质量相比模型组增加趋势明显。结论:EWAP对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢有调节作用,其作用机制可能与提高脂蛋白脂酶、肝脂酶活性,加强肠内胆固醇代谢转化有关。     

Protective effect of rutin on lipids, lipoproteins, lipid metabolizing enzymes and glycoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The protective role of rutin on lipids, lipoproteins, lipid metabolizing enzymes and glycoproteins in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats has been studied. A single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50 mg kg(-1)) to rats led to a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of lipids (cholesterol, triglycerides, free fatty acids and phospholipids) in plasma and tissues (liver, kidney, heart and brain). The levels of low density and very low density lipoprotein (LDL and VLDL, respectively) cholesterol were increased, whereas the levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in plasma. The activity of 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase increased significantly (P < 0.05) in liver, kidney and heart, and the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) decreased significantly (P < 0.05) in the plasma of diabetic rats. Streptozotocin injection also increased the levels of glycoproteins such as hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid in plasma, liver and kidney. Oral administration of rutin to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the levels of lipids in plasma and tissues. The levels of plasma HDL-cholesterol increased and the levels of LDL- and VLDL-cholesterol decreased significantly (P < 0.05). The activity of HMG CoA reductase decreased in the tissues and the activity of plasma LPL and LCAT increased significantly (P < 0.05). The levels of glycoproteins were found to be significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in plasma, liver and kidney of rutin-treated diabetic rats. Rutin administration to normal rats did not exhibit any significant (P < 0.05) changes in any of the parameters studied. In conclusion, the beneficial effect of rutin on lipids, lipoproteins, lipid metabolizing enzymes and glycoproteins could be due to its antioxidant property.     

瑞香素对血清脂质及脂蛋白胆固醇含量的影响

瑞香素(daphnetin)系瑞香科植物长白瑞香(Daphne koreana Nakai)中的有效单体,化学结构为7,8-二羟基香豆素,并已由长春春城制药厂人工合成。药理实验证明有扩张冠状血管、增加冠脉流量,改善心肌代谢作用,并有抑制实验性“关节炎”及兴奋垂体—肾上     

白藜芦醇降低高脂小鼠体内胆固醇水平的作用及胆汁酸转化分子机制的初步研究

目的：研究白藜芦醇对高脂小鼠体内胆固醇水平的降低作用及其调节胆汁酸转化的分子机制。方法：选取40只Apo E-/-小鼠给予高脂饮食制备高胆固醇小鼠模型，随机分为4组：模型组、白藜芦醇低剂量组、白藜芦醇中剂量组及白藜芦醇高剂量组，分别每天灌胃0.2 mL 生理盐水、10 g·L^-1白藜芦醇，20 g·L^-1白藜芦醇和40 g·L^-1白藜芦醇。分别在第0，5，10，20周比较4组小鼠血浆总胆固醇（total cholesterol，TC）、三酰甘油（triglyceride，TG）的水平。在第20周实验结束时，比较4组小鼠血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol，HDL-C）含量、动脉粥样硬化指数（arteriosclerosis index，AI）水平以及肝脏中TC、TG的含量。在人肝癌细胞株HepG2细胞系中加入0，6.25，12.5，25 μmol·L^-1白藜芦醇，检测加入白藜芦醇后各组细胞内胆固醇含量、细胞外胆汁酸含量差异。最后用25 μmol·L^-1白藜芦醇处理细胞，采用RT-PCR及Western blot分别检测细胞中胆固醇代谢相关基因胆固醇7-羟化酶（cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase，CYP7A1）、腺苷三磷酸结合盒转运体超家族成员（ABCG5）的mRNA及蛋白的表达水平。结果：白藜芦醇各剂量组小鼠的TC、TG、LDL-C、AI水平均显著低于模型组，而HDL-C显著高于模型组。白藜芦醇可降低HepG2细胞中总胆固醇含量，并促进细胞分泌胆汁酸含量。RT-PCR及Western blot结果显示，25 μmol·L^-1白藜芦醇处理HepG2细胞后，CYP7A1、ABCG5的mRNA及蛋白的表达水平明显增加。结论：白藜芦醇可以降低高脂小鼠体内胆固醇水平，这种作用可能是通过调节胆汁酸转化过程中相关基因CYP7A1、ABCG5的表达来实现的。     

蛇床子素对动物体内雌二醇和脂酶的影响及其相互关系的研究

目的观察蛇床子素对体内血脂、雌二醇(E2)和脂酶的影响及其相互关系。方法在建立高脂血症小鼠模型的同时,分组给予蛇床子素10～40mg.kg-1,3wk后测定肝素化后血浆LPL和HL活性及血浆TC、TG和HDL-C水平。分组给予正常小鼠蛇床子素10～40mg.kg-1,1wk后用ELISA方法观测血清E2水平的变化。建立去卵巢大鼠模型,给予蛇床子素10mg.kg-1,12wk后测定血清E2、TC和TG水平。结果给予蛇床子素10～20mg.kg-1后,能升高高脂血症小鼠肝素化后血浆LPL、HL活性和正常小鼠血清E2水平(P<0.05或P<0.01),也可使高脂血症小鼠血浆TC、TG和LDL-C降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),升高HDL-C(P<0.01)。蛇床子素剂量增至40mg.kg-1时,虽能升高正常小鼠血清E2水平(P<0.01),但高脂血症小鼠的血浆LPL、HL活性反而降低,对降低血浆TC、TG、LDL-C和升高HDL-C水平的幅度也不如低剂量的蛇床子素。去卵巢大鼠给予蛇床子素10mg.kg-1后,能增加血清E2水平(P<0.05),也能降低血清TG水平(P<0.05),TC的水平也有一定的降低。结论较低剂量的蛇床子素可通过增加血中E2水平,提高LPL和HL活性而降低血脂水平,较高剂量的蛇床子素虽可进一步增加血中E2水平,但LPL和HL活性反而降低,导致调脂作用减弱。     

瑞香素对血清脂质及脂蛋白胆固醇含量的影响

Daphnetin is one of the components of Daphne koreana Nakai and the sample used in the experiment is the synthesized product. The compound was shown to possess obvious effect on lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol contents in the serum of normal and hyperlipidemic mice or rats. When daphnetin was given orally to rats, the serum level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the ratio of high density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol of normal rats were raised, whereas no significant effect on the level of lipid in normal mice was observed. Daphnetin (800 mg/kg, po for 1 week) decreased significantly the total cholesterol content in the serum of yolk(0.5 ml) treated mice. In addition, when daphnetin was given orally at a dosage of 800 mg/kg day for 2 weeks, the serum level of total cholesterol decreased. The sernm concentration of high density lipoprotein cholesterol and the ratio of high density lipoprotein cholesterol to total cholesterol in rats with hyperlipidemia increased significantly.     

Effect of dichlorvos on the activity of lipoprotein lipase from adipose tissue,on plasma lipids and postheparin lipolytic plasma activity in rats

The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) from adipose tissue, the postheparin lipolytic activity (PHLA) in plasma, and the content of plasma lipoproteins were investigated in rats poisoned with dichlorvos (DDVP). Administration of a single dose (50% LD₅₀) resulted in inhibition of LPL and PHLA; the greatest inhibition was observed at 24 and 48 h after administration of the posticide. The metabolism of serum lipoproteins was also altered; the content of triacylglycerols in very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and low density lipoproteins (LDL) fractions was increased; the content of cholesterol was increased in VLDL and high density lipoproteins (HDL) fractions, and decreased in the LDL fraction. On repeated administration of small DDVP doses (5% LD₅₀) the greatest changes were observed after 90 days of intoxication. The levels of all three determined lipoprotein fractions, as well as PHLA, were decreased. The LPL activity in adipose tissue was slightly raised. The results suggest that DDVP interferes with the metabolism of lipids.     

Influence of chrysin on hepatic marker enzymes and lipid profile against d-galactosamine-induced hepatotoxicity rats

Chrysin is a flavonoid that exists in nature and is the major component of some traditional medicinal herbs. We investigated the hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidaemic potential of chrysin against d-galactosamine (a single intraperitoneal injection 400 mg/kg BW) induced hepatotoxicity in male albino Wistar rats. d-GalN rats exhibited an increased hepato and nephro toxicity marker activities aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and total bilirubin level while urea, uric acid and creatinine and lipid profile. It also negatively affected the serum total protein, albumin and A/G ratio. Rats treated with chrysin at different concentrations (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg BW) caused a significant improvement in serum protein level, decreased hepato and nephro toxicity markers. It also decreased the levels of very low density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol while high density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly increased. It also decreased the levels of total cholesterol, phospholipids, triglycerides, free fatty acids in the plasma and tissues of liver and kidney. The effect of chrysin (25 mg/kg) is comparable with silymarin, a known hepatoprotective drug. Chrysin thus exhibits hepatoprotective and antihyperlipidaemic activity.     

甘糖酯对高脂血症大鼠血脂及脂蛋白脂酶的调节作用

目的探讨甘糖酯调节血脂的分子机制。方法以不同剂量甘糖酯(37.8,75.6 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)给高脂血症大鼠ig给药3周,禁食12 h后,测定大鼠血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的浓度变化,用反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法检测组织中脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)mRNA的表达。结果甘糖酯有降低血清TC,TG和LDL-C,升高HDL-C的作用,同时提高LPL mRNA的表达,且呈剂量依赖性关系。甘糖酯对LPL mRNA转录的促进作用与其降低TC,TG和LDL-C的作用呈正比关系。结论甘糖酯通过促进LPL mRNA转录而调节血脂水平,这可能是甘糖酯降血脂、预防动脉粥样硬化等心脑血管疾病的机制之一。