玉屏风散对变应性鼻炎肥大细胞释放类胰蛋白酶影响的实验研究

目的：探讨玉屏风散对变应性鼻炎肥大细胞释放类胰蛋白酶的作用。方法：采用血清药理学和体外细胞培养的方法,研究玉屏风散含药血清体外对变应性鼻炎动物模型中腹腔肥大细胞（RPMC）释放类胰蛋白酶的影响。结果：与空白血清组比较,玉屏风散血清组RPMC释放类胰蛋白酶的量明显降低。结论：玉屏风散体外可抑制变应性鼻炎RPMC脱颗粒释放类胰蛋白酶,可能是该方通过稳定肥大细胞用于治疗变应性鼻炎的相关机制之一。     

罗格列酮对脂多糖作用下及高糖对大鼠腹膜间皮细胞TLR2 mRNA表达的影响

目的观察罗格列酮对脂多糖(LPS)作用下大鼠腹膜间皮细胞(RPMC)toll样受体2(TLR2)mRNA表达的影响;观察高糖对RPMC的TLR2mRNA表达的影响。方法胰蛋白酶法行RPMC的原代培养和传代,经鉴定第3代细胞融合至80%时分组。正常对照组:不同浓度LPS(1,10,100μg/ml)作用8h组;10μg/mlLPS作用不同时间(2,6,12h)组;10μg/mlLPS预孵育2h后,加入罗格列酮(10μmol/L)再作用4h组;不同浓度葡萄糖(1.5%,2.5%,4.25%)作用8h组;2.5%葡萄糖作用不同时间(5,10,20h)组。RT-PCR技术检测TLR2mRNA的表达。结果LPS及高糖均可刺激RPMC的TLR2mRNA表达显著增加,呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05),并且LPS作用下RPMC的TLR2mRNA表达增加在12h内呈时间依赖性(P<0.05),高糖作用下RPMC的TLR2mRNA表达增加在20h内呈时间依赖性(P<0.05);罗格列酮可抑制由LPS刺激导致的TLR2mRNA表达上调(P<0.05)。结论LPS及高糖可上调体外培养RPMC的TLR2mRNA表达,罗格列酮可拮抗LPS对TLR2mRNA的表达上调作用。     

哮喘中IgE依赖性和非IgE依赖性肥大细胞激活的研究

目的：研究哮喘中IgE依赖性和非IgE依赖性肥大细胞的激活。方法：取29例轻度哮喘患者支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中的细胞，经冲洗后，加入含抗IgE抗体、离子载体钙(CI)、腺苷、腺苷衍生物(NECA)或Hanks平衡盐溶液(HBSS)的LP4试管中进行激发试验。检测BALF中肥大细胞分泌的组胺和类胰蛋白酶水平。结果：抗IgE抗体浓度低至0．01％时仍可诱导哮喘患者BALF中肥大细胞释放21．1％的组胺，抗IgE抗体0．33％可促进肥大细胞分泌类胰蛋白酶；CI0．3μmol/L即可促进肥大细胞分泌组胺和类胰蛋白酶；腺苷浓度仅在浓度高达1000μmol/L时方可诱导哮喘患者BALF中肥大细胞释放约16．6％的组胺，NECA的作用与腺苷相似；腺苷浓度在10μmol/L以上、NECA浓度从0．1μmol/L至1000μmol/L均可明显促进哮喘患者BALF中肥大细胞释放类胰蛋白酶。结论：抗IgE抗体、CI、腺苷及NECA均可引起IgE依赖性或非IgE依赖性肥大细胞的激活，但不同的途径激活，肥大细胞脱颗粒的成分有一定的选择性。     

中药注射剂过敏及类过敏反应体外评价方法的初步建立

目的比较RBL-2H3、P185、Ku812和RPMC 4个细胞系在过敏和类过敏反应评价中的敏感性。方法实验中选用了RBL-2H3、P185、Ku812和RPMC等4种细胞系。在培养过程中,在培养液中加入不同浓度的中药注射剂(临床有过敏反应或者类过敏反应的注射液)或者阳性对照药C48/80,然后观察不同时间点细胞脱颗粒率、组胺释放水平和IL-10表达水平。结果在进行过敏反应评价时,中药注射剂可引起Ku812细胞和RBL-2H3细胞的脱颗粒反应,并引起培养液中组胺释放量增加;在进行类过敏反应评价时,中药注射剂可引起RBL-2H3细胞,RPMC细胞和Ku812细胞的脱颗粒反应和组胺释放量的增加。在各细胞培养上清液中均未检测出IL-10。结论 RBL-2H3、RPMC以及Ku812细胞可用于中药注射剂引起的过敏和类过敏反应的评价,但是不同的细胞敏感性不同。     

鱼精蛋白对人结肠肥大细胞IgE依赖性与非依赖性类胰蛋白酶释放的调节

目的 :探讨鱼精蛋白对人结肠肥大细胞IgE依赖性与非依赖性类胰蛋白酶释放的调节。方法 :人结肠组织经酶消化后 ,细胞成分用全HBSS重新悬浮。激发过程在LP4 试管中、 37°C条件下完成。用酶联免疫吸附试验方法测定类胰蛋白酶水平。结果 :促分泌剂抗IgE抗体和离子载体钙 (CI)均可明显刺激人结肠肥大细胞类胰蛋白酶的释放。鱼精蛋白浓度在<10 μg mL时可以剂量依赖性的方式抑制抗IgE抗体和CI诱导的类胰蛋白酶释放 ,但是 ,浓度为 10 0 μg mL时 ,作用则相反。在 37°C条件下同结肠细胞预培养 2 0min ,1μg mL的鱼精蛋白可明显抑制抗IgE抗体和CI诱导的类胰蛋白酶释放 ,而 10 μg mL的鱼精蛋白则起相反的作用。结论 :小剂量鱼精蛋白可以抑制肥大细胞IgE依赖性与非依赖性类胰蛋白酶的释放 ,提示其可成为炎症性肠病或其它肥大细胞相关性疾病的一个新的治疗途径     

草药复方Bresol？抵抗化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺释放：促使肥大细胞稳定的一种非免疫机制

目的：研究一种草药复方制剂Bresol？对于肥大细胞脱颗粒以及组胺释放的保护作用。 方法：使用大鼠腹膜内肥大细胞,在体外经化合物48/80诱导肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺释放,评估Bresol？稳定肥大细胞的作用。 结果：显微镜下正常对照组涂片显示较多完整的肥大细胞,有极少量的脱颗粒肥大细胞和微量的组胺释放。阳性对照组中用化合物48/80培养的肥大细胞出现了显著的肥大细胞脱颗粒现象以及高浓度的组胺释放。而100 mg/L浓度的Bresol？明显抑制了化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒。此外,Bresol？可有效抑制化合物48/80诱导的组胺释放,且抑制效果与剂量有关。 结论：Bresol？能够在体外抑制化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒和组胺释放。本研究的发现可解释Bresol？对多种过敏疾病有效可能是通过一种非免疫机制。     

氧化型高密度脂蛋白对肥大细胞活化脱颗粒的影响

目的 探讨氧化型高密度脂蛋白(ox-HDL)对肥大细胞活化脱颗粒的影响. 方法 以甲苯胺蓝染色后观察肥大细胞形态、荧光比色法测组胺释放率来评估肥大细胞脱颗粒程度. 结果 ox-HDL使肥大细胞胞膜不完整,细胞内颗粒脱出,并呈剂量依赖性(50～200μg/mL)增加肥大细胞组胺释放率.而天然HDL不能诱导肥大细胞脱颗粒. 结论 ox-HDL能激活肥大细胞;ox-HDL可能通过活化肥大细胞而促进动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展.     

龙葵总生物碱抗喘作用机制的实验研究

目的 探讨龙葵总生物碱抗喘作用机制。方法 （1）观察龙葵总生物碱对大鼠肥大细胞体外脱颗粒的影响。（2）观察龙葵总生物碱对致每豚鼠离体回肠纵肌血三烯D4（LTD4）受体的阻断作用。结果 龙葵总生物碱5μg/ml以上即可明显抑制大鼠肥大细胞脱颗粒，0.1μg/ml以上即可明显阻断豚鼠回肠纵肌LTD4受体，且具有剂量依赖性。结论 龙葵总生物碱可通过稳定肥大细胞膜，抑制致敏介质组胺及LTD4等的释放及阻断LTD4受体而发挥抗喘作用。     

草药复方Bresol(R)抵抗化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺释放:促使肥大细胞稳定的一种非免疫机制

目的:研究一种草药复方制剂Bresol(R)对于肥大细胞脱颗粒以及组胺释放的保护作用.方法:使用大鼠腹膜内肥大细胞,在体外经化合物48/80诱导肥大细胞脱颗粒及组胺释放,评估Bresol(R)稳定肥大细胞的作用.结果:显微镜下正常对照组涂片显示较多完整的肥大细胞,有极少量的脱颗粒肥大细胞和微量的组胺释放.阳性对照组中用化合物48/80培养的肥大细胞出现了显著的肥大细胞脱颗粒现象以及高浓度的组胺释放.而100 mg/L浓度的Bresol(R)明显抑制了化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒.此外,Bresol(R)可有效抑制化合物48/80诱导的组胺释放,且抑制效果与剂量有关.结论:Bresol(R)能够在体外抑制化合物48/80诱导的肥大细胞脱颗粒和组胺释放.本研究的发现可解释Bresol(R)对多种过敏疾病有效可能是通过一种非免疫机制.     

脂质对小鼠肾足细胞增生影响

目的观察脂质对体外培养小鼠肾足细胞增生的影响。方法用不同浓度的低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和氧化低密度脂蛋白（OX—LDL）对体外培养的小鼠肾足细胞进行不同时间的刺激干预,然后用四唑盐（MTT）法检测足细胞增生。结果LDL刺激足细胞24、48h后,从最低剂量6．25μg／ml组到25μg／ml组呈现剂量依赖性OD值增高（与正常组比较,P〈0．01）;24h25μg／ml组达到刺激足细胞增生的峰值、48h12．5μg／ml组达到刺激足细胞增生的峰值。OX—LDL刺激24h后,从12．5μg／ml组到100p,g／ml组呈现剂量依赖性OD值增高（与正常组比较,P〈0．01）。结论脂质LDL和OX—LDL在一定的剂量和时间条件下可以刺激足细胞增生。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.