关于护理人文教育的思考

加强护理人文教育,符合当今科学教育与人文教育相融合的趋势,也是医学模式转变的需要,更是学生全面发展的内在要求。护理人文教育作为一种人文素质教育,教育内容应包括文学、历史、哲学和艺术,教育方式可采取开设人文课程、举办人文讲座和开展人文活动。     

论加强护士审美教育的意义

护士审美教育适应人类(包括病人)对美的追求,也是整体护理对护士素质的内在要求,有助于密切护患关系,沟通护患情感,提高护理服务质量。护士审美教育主要包括美学基础理论、护士专业思想、职业道德、技能操作、仪表形象等方面教育。对护士进行审美教育,应坚持理论与实践相统一,内在美与外在美相统一,自然美、社会美和艺术美相统一,形式与效果相统一。     

荆门市临床护士实施健康教育现状调查

目的了解荆门市综合医院临床护士实施健康教育状况,并探讨影响因素。方法采用问卷调查荆门市3所综合医院448名临床护士健康教育实施状况,并做统计学描述与分析。结果临床护士开展健康教育经常采用面对面咨询和发放健康教育处方的方法;健康教育主要内容是提供有关疾病的饮食指导和入院指导;健康教育内容得分3～26(20.44±4.31)分,健康教育方法得分1～20(8.73±4.33)分。不同科室、学历、职称、护理工作年限的护士在健康教育、内容和方法方面,差异具有统计学意义(P0.01);临床护士实施健康教育存在的问题前3位是工作忙、任务重,护士编制不足和担心医护讲解不统一。结论临床护士健康教育内容实施相对较好;健康教育方法不容乐观;学历和职称较高、护理年限较长的临床护士在健康教育方面具有优势;临床护士实施健康教育存在问题较多,应改善条件提高临床护理健康教育质量。     

A critique of cultural education in nursing

AIM(S) OF THE PAPER: This paper critiques cultural education in nursing. Current approaches to cultural education, embedded in traditional anthropology, are obsolete and fail to acknowledge the global environment that impacts even the most remote and isolated cultures. The argument is made that new, transformative approaches to cultural education are needed. BACKGROUND: Cultural awareness of the other is the foundation of existing strategies to teach cultural education. Students are encouraged to learn about each culture, often described as a monolith, by learning the unique characteristics of a group with a common race, ethnicity, or other distinguishing feature. Despite the increased emphasis on cultural education in nursing worldwide, culturally based problems persist. Nurse and health care researchers continue to report disparities in health, an unequal distribution of health care, and the lack of knowledge and sensitivity when caring for clients from another culture. DISCUSSION: Globalization contributes to differences within cultures that may equal or exceed differences between cultures. Evidence is presented that current nursing education emphasizes cultural distinctions that do not persist in the postmodern world. Problems adherent to the continued use of cultural monoliths as the foundation of cultural education are discussed and expanded perspectives on culture and cultural education are presented. CONCLUSION: The principles of transformative education are offered as an alternative to the current approaches to cultural education. Students are encouraged to be vulnerable to personal change when interacting with people from other cultures because transformative education is as much about personal growth as it is about enhanced care of others. This modernized approach to cultural education transcends the standard adaptation of care from the dominant culture of the health care delivery system to the culture of the client/patient.     

国内外护士学历提高教育情况及启迪

综述国内外护士学历提高教育情况以及影响我国护士参加学历提高教育 的因素，以期对我国今后如何提高护士素质、如何改革护士学历提高教育提供依据。     

首次血液透析患者健康教育模式需求调查分析

目的了解首次血液透析患者所需要的健康教育模式,以便改进、优化健康教育模式,提高教育效果。方法对125例首次血液透析患者健康教育模式需求进行问卷调查,内容包括患者认为最佳的健康教育时机和方法。结果93．6％的患者认为最佳教育时机在透析当天;97．6％要求在内瘘术前;100．0％患者要求在内瘘术后进行宣教。希望医护人员进行讲解的占96．8％;阅读派发宣教资料的占80．0％;希望通过影像宣教的占67．2％：由病友现身说法与言传身教的占59．2％;要求分次讲解的占89．6％;要求重复宣教内容的占97．6％;要求评价学习效果的占88．8％;要求一对一讲解的占87．2％,采取小组形式宣教的占30．4％。结论优化首次血液透析患者健康教育模式,能使患者配合治疗,从而提高患者治疗依从性及生存质量。     

成人护理大专教育质量影响因素研究

文章从教育接受方和教育提供方两方面对护理成人学历教育质量的影响因素进行了调查与分析。结果显示：教育接受方的学习目的与态度、教育提供方的教师因素,以及工学矛盾问题是教育质量的主要影响因素;大部分学生学习目的不仅仅是为了拿学历,他们更注重学习过程,渴望学到知识;基层医院护理人员接受大专教育的比例较低。     

Evaluation of an online master’s programme in Somaliland. A phenomenographic study on the experience of professional and personal development among midwifery faculty

To record the variation of perceptions of midwifery faculty in terms of the possibilities and challenges related to the completion of their first online master's level programme in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in Somaliland. The informants included in this phenomenongraphical focus group study were those well-educated professional women and men who completed the master's program. The informant perceived that this first online master's level programme provided tools for independent use of the Internet and independent searching for evidence-based information, enhanced professional development, was challenge-driven and evoked curiosity, challenged professional development, enhanced personal development and challenged context-bound career paths. Online education makes it possible for well-educated professional women to continue higher education. It furthermore increased the informants' confidence in their use of Internet, software and databases and in the use of evidence in both their teaching and their clinical practice. Programmes such as the one described in this paper could counter the difficulties ensuring best practice by having a critical mass of midwives who will be able to continually gather contemporary midwifery evidence and use it to ensure best practice. An increase of online education is suggested in South-central Somalia and in similar settings globally.     

图文口袋书联合双向视频推送在胃镜检查患者中的应用研究

目的 观察图文口袋书联合双向视频推送在胃镜检查患者中的应用效果。方法 选取2019年1-3月于我科住院并接受胃镜检查的50例受检者为对照组, 选取2019年4-6月同类受检者50例为观察组, 对照组接受胃镜检查常规教育, 观察组接受图文口袋书联合双向视频推送法进行胃镜检查教育, 比较2组检查前焦虑情况和检查中配合依从率及患者心率、血压波动值。结果 观察组检查前焦虑发生率低于对照组(χ²=6.775, P=0.009), 检查中配合依从率高于对照组(χ²=4.891, P=0.027), 心率、血压波动值均低于对照组(P<0.001)。结论 采用图文口袋书联合双向视频推送法对胃镜检查患者进行健康教育, 可改善该类受检者检查前焦虑情绪, 提高检查依从度, 降低检查时应激反应程度。     

Doctoral education from a distance

This article describes the environmental factors that have contributed to the recent rapid growth of nursing doctoral education at a distance. Early and recent efforts to deliver distance doctoral education are discussed, using The University of Arizona College of Nursing experience as the key exemplar. The Community of Inquiry model is introduced as an appropriate model for doctoral education and then used as a framework to evaluate the current state of the art in distance doctoral nursing education. Successes and challenges in delivering doctoral education from a distance are described.     

中国病人教育模式研究

系统论述了中国病人教育研究的背景、特点及主要研究成果 ,为进一步深化病人教育研究提供理论与实践依据     

The future of the Primary Examination

The objective of the Primary Examination is to ensure that trainees have the required level of knowledge and understanding of the four basic sciences of anatomy, pathology, physiology and pharmacology to underpin their further learning and development towards careers as emergency medicine physicians. The candidate is expected to show an understanding of the subject matter and demonstrate their ability to apply their knowledge to the practice of emergency medicine. As part of the curriculum review, ACEM undertook to implement changes to the Primary Examination in order to make it more clinically relevant.     

成人高等护理教育教学模式改革效果探讨

[目的]探讨新型成人高等护理教育教学模式的效果。[方法]将2007级成教护理大专学生88名作为实验组,2006级成教护理大专学生85名作为对照组。实验组采取＂一个中心,两个环节,三个转变,四个结合＂新型护理教育教学模式。对照组采取传统的教育教学模式。两组学生课程结束均由教务部门统一组织考试。自行制定问卷实施双向评价。从考试成绩和问卷结果对改革效果进行分析。[结果]实验组考核成绩〈60分的人数明显少于对照组,80分~89分、≥90分人数明显多于对照组。实验组学生反映新型教学模式应用后,学习兴趣增加,教学内容有针对性,教学方法多样,学习效率增加,自我学习能力提高。[结论]＂一个中心,两个环节,三个转变,四个结合＂新型护理教育教学模式更有利于激发学生学习兴趣,培养自主学习能力。     

护理人员继续护理学教育需求的研究进展

文章叙述了护理人员继续护理学教育需求的相关定义,并通过探讨目前继续护理学教育需求的研究对象、内容、研究工具和研究结果等,明确护理人员的继续护理学教育需求现状、影响需求的相关因素及目前存在的问题,以期为今后开展相关研究提供依据.     

Medical Students Hierarchy of Values and Sense of Responsibility

Background: Ethical skills and personal values contribute to making students competent and humane physicians. However, there is not much research done on medical students' personal values and sense of responsibility. Purposes: The study was designed to examine differences in personal values and sense of responsibility between medical students and their peers. Methods: The students performed demographic survey and reliable tests: Scheler's Value Scale and Responsibility Scale. Results: Medical students scored higher in responsibility, also in values of hedonism and truth, and scored lower in values of holy, both religion and secularism. They did not differ from the control group in values of vitality, aesthetics, morals, physical fitness as well as strength and stamina. Conclusion: Medical students differ from their peers from other faculties at the level of responsibility and hierarchy of values. They rate higher at such values as hedonism and truth and lower values of holy.     

青少年学校健康教育研究现状

对青少年学校健康教育的相关政策、开展内容与形式进行阐述,建议学校的健康教育工作与家庭、社会合作,借助新颖信息传播手段传播健康知识和技能,建立科学系统的青少年学校健康教育体系。     

It's not cricket: the ashes of nursing education

The aim of this short discussion paper is to engender debate about the downturn in intellectual standing of nursing courses in Australia, where entry standards to nursing courses, and pass marks are being lowered to cater to the needs of health services for pairs of hands. We give examples of indicators of declining standards and reference them to the state of nursing education in the United Kingdom. We hope for debate and argument, and critical discussion, that might lead to a reassessment of nursing education in both countries.