耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌SCCmec分型及同源性研究

目的对下呼吸道标本中分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)耐药机制、同源性及分子生物学分型进行研究,从分子水平了解其耐药特点,为临床用药提供参考依据。方法于2012年7月-2013年4月住院患者送检的下呼吸道标本中分离出金黄色葡萄球菌66株,常规方法进行分离鉴定,根据2013年CLIS规定检测其耐药性;PCR技术检测mecA基因,对其进行SCCmec分子生物学分型及耐消毒剂基因(qacA/B)检测;利用RAPD技术对其进行同源性分析。结果凝胶电泳结果表明,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌SCCmec分子分型全部为ccrAB3型,mecA、qacA/B基因的携带率100.0%,并且同源性分析有5个克隆型。结论临床分离的下呼吸道标本耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌全部为ccrAB3型,并对普通消毒剂有相当程度的抗性;分离到的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌中同源性分型不同菌株耐药率与其基因型之间存在有一定的关系,且这些菌株均为多药耐药株。     

221株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌qacA/qacB基因检测及临床意义

目的 了解耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)qacA/qacB(qacA/B)消毒剂耐药基因存在状况,并讨论其临床意义.方法 收集221株临床分离的MRSA进行qacA/B基因检测.结果 221株MRSA中qacA/B检出101株(45.7%),其中71株并作qacA基因特异性聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测,检出qacA基因20株(28.2%),而该71株qacA/B基因检出27株(38.0%),提示有7株为qacB基因.结论 MRSA已出现高频度的qacA/B消毒剂耐药基因,用氯己定等消毒剂预防术后医院感染必须重新评估;现行的消毒剂或消毒方法的有效性,应引起我国医院消毒界的广泛重视;消毒剂耐药基因检测技术为细菌耐消毒剂的临床应用研究和分子流行病学研究等提供了具有实际应用价值的技术手段.     

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐消毒剂基因及β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因检测

目的了解临床分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)中耐消毒剂基因(qacA)及β-内酰胺类抗生素耐药相关基因(mecA、TEM)存在状况. 方法采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)技术检测20株MRSA中qacA、mecA和TEM基因. 结果20株MRSA中,qacA、mecA和TEM基因PCR扩增均阳性. 结论临床分离的MRSA中qacA、mecA和TEM基因携带率均很高;在MRSA中发现qacA基因为我国首次报道.     

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌耐药基因的检测

目的 对医院临床标本中分离的36株耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和24株耐甲氧西林溶血葡萄球菌(MRSH)进行常见耐药基因的检测,探讨MRSH与MRSA临床分离株耐药基因检出率之间的差异.方法 用MicroScan auto SCAN4仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏试验;用聚合酶链反应(PCR)法检测耐消毒剂qacA/B基因、耐氨基糖苷类药物的aac(6')/aph(2")、aph(3')-Ⅲ、ant(4',4")基因、产β-内酰胺酶基因TEM、编码PBP2a的mecA基因、耐红霉素erm、耐四环素tetM、耐万古霉素vanA等基因;用肉汤稀释法对携带了耐消毒剂qacA/B基因的葡萄球菌属进行消毒剂苯扎溴铵最低抑菌浓度(MIC)、最小杀菌浓度(MBC)测定.结果 24株MRSH耐消毒剂qacA/B基因的阳性率为37.5%;氨基糖苷类药物耐药基因aac(6')/aph(2")、aph(3')-Ⅲ和ant(4',4")阳性率分别分别为87.5%、33.3%和29.2%,TEM基因、erm基因和tetM基因的阳性率为95.8%、62.5%和20.8%;36株MRSA耐消毒剂qacA/B基因阳性率为30.6%;氨基糖苷类药物耐药基因aac(6')/aph(2")、aph(3')-Ⅲ和ant(4'、4")阳性率分别为91.7%、72.2%和8.3%;TEM基因、erm基因和tetM阳性率分别为100.0%、94.4%和91.7%;MRSH和MRSA临床株的苯扎溴铵MIC值均为32～128 mg/L,MBC值MRSH为256～512 mg/L,MRSA为512～1024 mg/L,标准菌株ATCC25923的苯扎溴铵MIC值为16 mg/L,MBC值为32 mg/L.结论 MRSA与MRSH临床分离株携带多种耐药基因且检出率非常高.     

胶东地区金黄色葡萄球菌消毒剂抗性基因的研究

目的 了解胶东地区临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌中消毒剂抗性基因携带情况,为临床选择合适消毒剂提供理论依据.方法 采用VITEK-2 Compact自动微生物分析仪鉴定金黄色葡萄球菌；聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测509株金黄色葡萄球菌中mecA、qacA/B和qacC基因的分布.结果 509株金黄色葡萄球菌mecA、qacA/B和qacC基因的阳性率分别是57.9％、36.9％、8.8％;而在金黄色葡萄球菌mecA基因阳性(耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌)和阴性(甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌)中,qacA/B基因的阳性率分别为50.5％和18.2％,qacC基因的阳性率则分别为9.2％和8.4％.结论 胶东地区分离的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌中,qacA/B基因的携带率较高,且分布广泛,应引起感染控制部门的重视.     

皖北地区葡萄球菌属耐药基因分型的研究

目的了解安徽皖北地区临床分离的耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)所携带的7种耐药基因状况。方法使用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测197株MRS中mecA、gyrA、qacA/B/C、qacA、erm/A/B/C、ermBt、etM耐药基因。结果 197株MRS中,mecA基因携带率为100.0%,gyrAt、etM、qacA/B/C、qacA、ermA/B/C、ermB基因携带率分别为:58.9%、48.7%、45.7%、35.5%、29.4%、16.2%;其中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)gyrAt、etM、ermA/B/C、ermB基因携带率高于耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS),而qacA/B/C、qacA基因携带率低于MRCNS,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论安徽皖北地区MRS中mecA、qacA/B/C、qacA基因携带与国内报道类似,而gyrA、TetM、ermA/B/C、ermB低于相关报道。     

mecA基因在金黄色葡萄球菌中的分布及对耐药性的影响

目的 探讨mecA基因在金黄色葡萄球菌中的分布以及对其耐药性的影响.方法 收集金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离菌株47株,用琼脂扩散法进行敏感性检测,提取分离株DNA,通过聚合酶链反应(PCR)对mecA基因进行扩增,分析mecA基因和金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性的关系.结果 47株金黄色葡萄球菌中,有33株为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),占70.2%;甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)有14株,占29.8%;在33株MRSA中,只有3株对除替考拉宁、万古霉素等糖肽类以外的抗菌药物敏感,占9.1%;14株MSSA中只有2株对全部12种抗菌药物敏感,仅占14.3%;PCR结果 显示,在33株MRSA中,32株携带mecA基因,占97.0%;而在14株MSSA中有3株携带mecA基因,3株携带mecA基因的MSSA耐药性较不携带mecA基因MSSA的耐药性严重.结论 金黄色葡萄球菌中MRSA具有较高的分离率,MRSA的耐药性非常严重,万古霉素等糖肽类抗菌药物是惟一有效的抗菌药物,绝大多数的MRSA携带有mecA基因,mecA基因在金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药机制中发挥重要作用,携带mecA基因的MSSA耐药情况比不携带mecA基因的MSSA严重.     

皮肤软组织来源MRSA耐消毒剂基因qacA/B检测和抗性分析

目的调查皮肤软组织来源的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)耐消毒剂基因(qacA/B)的携带情况,分析携带qacA/B的MRSA对3种消毒剂的抗性。方法随机选取医院获得性MRSA和社区获得性MRSA各32株,采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测耐消毒剂基因qacA/B,对qacA/B阳性株选择最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和最小杀菌浓度(MBC)试验进行消毒剂抗性分析。结果皮肤软组织来源的MRSA耐消毒剂基因qacA/B的检出率为18.5%;社区获得性MRSA和医院获得性MRSA耐消毒剂基因的检出率分别为15.6%(5/32)和21.8%(7/32),两者无统计学差异(P0.05);qacA/B阳性组的MIC较qacA/B阴性组高(P0.05);qacA/B阳性组抗性率大于qacA/B阴性组。结论本地区MRSA中qacA/B的检出率较低,qacA/B阳性菌株对消毒剂的抗性增强,临床上应避免使用低浓度消毒剂。     

医院与社区获得性感染金黄色葡萄球菌耐消毒剂基因初步研究

目的比较耐消毒剂基因在本地区医院与社区获得性感染金黄色葡萄球菌(SAU)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)中的流行状态。方法收集从临床标本中分离出的SAU和MRSA菌株,将其分为医院与社区获得性感染两组,用PCR方法检测耐消毒剂基因qacA/B,并对组间检出率进行比较。结果本地区医院与社区获得性感染SAU耐消毒剂基因的携带率分别为52.2%和18.8%,组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.0151,<0.05);23株医院获得性SAU中,MRSA占73.9%,16株社区获得性感染SAU中,MRSA占43.8%;医院与社区获得性MRSA耐消毒剂基因qacA/B检出率分别为58.8%、0,组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.0099,<0.01)。结论医院获得性感染SAU耐消毒剂基因的携带率高于社区获得性感染SAU,这可能是由于医院环境中消毒剂选择压力和(或)携带耐消毒剂基因的菌株在医院内水平传播速度较快的结果。     

携带杀白细胞素基因金黄色葡萄球菌临床感染菌株的回顾性研究

目的研究临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌携带杀白细胞素基因在社区与医院菌株分布流行的情况,及其携带mecA基因型的相关性分析。方法收集2010年1月-2014年12月医院临床分离的188株非重复金黄色葡萄球菌,进行菌株鉴定和药敏分析,用头孢西丁药敏纸片法初筛耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA),用PCR法检测金黄色葡萄球菌的杀白细胞素基因(PVL)和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌mecA基因,并测序部分阳性基因PCR产物。结果头孢西丁药敏纸片法初筛试验与mecA基因PCR法结果差异有统计学意义;188株金黄色葡萄球菌中,76株为MRSA,阳性率为40.4%,其中64株MRSA为医院获得株,12株MRSA为社区获得株;112株甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)中99株为医院获得株,13株为社区获得株;共有14株PVL基因阳性,阳性率7.4%,社区检测到2株PVL(+)CA-MSSA(社区获得性甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌),医院共检测到12株、阳性率6.4%,其中7株为PVL(+)HA-MRSA(医院获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌)、5株为PVL(+)HA-MSSA(医院获得性甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌),对该14株PVL基因阳性菌株进行MIC(最低抑菌浓度)分析,喹奴普汀/达福普汀、呋喃妥因、利福平、万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素的耐药率为0,耐药率较低的有四环素(21.4%)、磺胺甲噁唑/甲氧苄啶(14.3%)、左氧沙星(7.1%)、庆大霉素(7.1%),菌株大部分分离自皮肤软组织、脓等标本。结论携带PVL毒力基因的MRSA在医院的检出率比在社区的明显高,提示含PVL高毒力与多重耐药基因的医院获得株-金黄色葡萄球菌PVL(+)MRSA已经从社区转移到医院感染,应引起院感与临床部门的高度重视。     

临床分离金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药特点和MRSA分子分型

目的研究耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的耐药性及其基因分型。方法收集某院2014年1月—2015年11月检出的非重复金黄色葡萄球菌967株,检测其药敏结果及mecA抗性基因、杀白细胞素(PVL)基因;MRSA菌株经多重PCR进行葡萄球菌盒式染色体mec(SCCmec)分型、多位点序列分型(MLST)、金黄色葡萄球菌蛋白A基因(spa)分型、金黄色葡萄球菌附属因子调节子(agr)分型。结果 967株金黄色葡萄球菌共检出210株MRSA,MRSA检出率为21.72%;痰标本MRSA检出率高于皮肤软组织标本(68.09%vs 11.83%,P0.05);金黄色葡萄球菌中未发现对万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药菌株,MRSA对庆大霉素、四环素、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星、呋喃妥因、利福平的敏感率均低于MSSA,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05);MRSA对复方磺胺甲口恶唑的敏感率高于MSSA,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。皮肤软组织分离的MRSA对庆大霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星、利福平的敏感率为86.90%~95.24%,而痰分离的MRSA仅为1.56%~15.63%。967株金黄色葡萄球菌检测出210株携带mecA基因,10株携带PVL基因,210株MRSA中有8株未分型,占3.81%。MLST主要以ST239(177株)为主;SCCmec分型主要以Ⅲ型(177株)为主;spa分型主要以t 030(177株)为主;agr分型主要以Ⅰ型(196株)为主。结论该院MRSA菌株主要流行克隆ST239-MRSA-SCCmecⅢ-t030,耐药形势严峻,应加强医院内耐药菌株的监测。     

住院患儿MSSA与MRSA的分布特点及耐药性

目的比较住院患儿甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)与耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的分布及耐药特点,为临床经验治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析2011—2015年某院住院患儿分离的金黄色葡萄球菌及其临床资料,比较MSSA与MRSA的分布及耐药特点。结果共分离金黄色葡萄球菌919株,其中MSSA632株(68.77%),MRSA 287株(31.23%)。MSSA与MRSA感染患儿中29d~1岁婴儿组所占比率最高,分别为65.03%、64.11%。MSSA和MRSA标本主要来自痰(80.38%、79.09%)。MSSA和MRSA主要分布科室均为儿童呼吸科(50.73%、45.89%)和儿童神经内科(22.98%、26.84%)。MSSA对除青霉素和红霉素外的抗菌药物耐药率均20.00%;MRSA对青霉素、苯唑西林、红霉素及克林霉素的耐药率均40.00%;MRSA对四环素、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星、呋喃妥因及利福平的耐药率均高于MSSA。结论住院患儿分离的金黄色葡萄球菌以MSSA为主,1岁以内婴儿为主要分离人群;呼吸道标本来源的MSSA和MRSA主要分布科室相似,MRSA的耐药率普遍高于MSSA。     

临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌mecA和qacA/B基因检测

目的了解临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌对常用抗菌药物的耐药性及mecA基因和qacA/B基因携带现状。方法收集临床分离的111株金黄色葡萄球菌,采用K-B药敏纸片法检测其对抗菌药物的耐药性,用聚合酶链反应检测mecA和qacA/B基因。结果 111株金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素G、氨苄西林、红霉素和苯唑西林的耐药率较高,分别为97.3%、93.4%、86.5%和82.9%,对万古霉素和替考拉宁均敏感;mecA基因和qacA/B基因的检出率分别为63.9%和13.5%;将部分菌株的mecA和qacA/B基因扩增产物进行测序,并将测序结果登录NCBI进行比对。结论临床分离的金黄色葡萄球菌mecA基因检出率较高且呈多药耐药趋势;大部分MRSA和少部分MSSA中携带消毒剂抵抗基因qacA/B;临床应重视由此类金黄色葡萄球菌所引起的感染的诊断、治疗和医院感染的控制,并合理使用消毒剂。     

国内耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐消毒剂基因特征Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析,综合评价中国耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)耐消毒剂基因特征。方法计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方医学网、PubMed、EMbase等数据库,查找中国MRSA耐消毒剂基因特征的相关文献,按照统一的纳入与排除标准筛选文献后,采用R3.1.1软件、RevMan5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入42篇文献,我国16个省(直辖市)的2 671株MRSA耐消毒剂基因情况。Meta分析结果显示:qacA/B、qacC、qacJ和norA基因的合并检出率分别为28.03%(95%CI:20.03%~36.48%)、8.94%(95%CI:1.27%~22.49%)、17.74%(95%CI:2.25%~43.39%)和17.90%(95%CI:0.00%~76.38%)。qacEΔ1、qacG、qacH的检出率均为0。中国淮河以南、以北地区qacA/B基因的合并检出率分别为27.12%(95%CI:19.03%~36.06%)和30.14%(95%CI:13.11%~50.63%),南北地区差异无统计学意义(Z=0.59,P0.05)。东部、中部、西部经济区域的qacA/B基因的合并检出率分别为29.95%(95%CI:21.85%~38.73%)、22.65%(95%CI:10.08%~38.47%)和26.94%(95%CI:3.78%~60.95%),组间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。医院获得性MRSA与社区获得性MRSA qacA/B基因检出率比较,差异无统计学意义[OR及95%CI为0.69(0.14~3.31),P=0.64]。MRSAqacA/B基因检出率高于甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)[OR及95%CI为4.99(3.53~7.06),P0.01]。结论中国MRSA耐消毒剂基因检出率高,MRSA耐消毒剂基因是一个常见且严重的问题,应加强耐消毒剂基因的监测,合理使用消毒剂。     

Characterization of staphylococci contaminating automated teller machines in Hong Kong

Environmental staphylococcal contamination was investigated by culture of 400 automated teller machines (ATMs). Isolates were characterized for antibiotic and antiseptic susceptibility, carriage of antiseptic resistance genes (QAC genes), and spa types. MRSA, which was similar to local clinical isolates, was present on two (0·5%) of the 62 (15·5%) ATMs that yielded Staphylococcus aureus. QAC genes were more common in coagulase-negative staphylococci (qacA/B 26·0%, smr 14%) than S. aureus (11·3% qacA/B, 1·6% smr). QAC-positive isolates had significantly higher minimum inhibitory concentrations/minimum bactericidal concentrations to benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine digluconate. QAC gene presence was significantly associated with methicillin and tetracycline resistance. Survival of staphylococci, including MRSA, on common access sites may be facilitated by low disinfectant concentrations, which select for disinfectant-tolerant strains, while co-selecting for antibiotic-resistance determinants. Disinfection procedures should be performed correctly to help prevent spread of resistant pathogens from reservoirs in the community.     

Simultaneous persistence of methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal ward of a Warsaw Hospital

Fifty-seven methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from babies (N = 31), carriers amongst health care workers (N = 16; 10% of all staff members) and the environment (N = 10); 39 MSSA isolates, from babies (N = 18), health care workers (N = 5) and environment (N = 16) were analysed. The strains were from the neonatal ward of a teaching hospital in Warsaw and were collected over a period of 16 months (1993/1994). The isolates were characterized by phage-typing, arbitrary-primed polymerase chain reaction (AP PCR), DNA repeat polymorphism within the protein A gene and the resistance pattern to antimicrobial agents. The presence of the mecA gene was determined by PCR. MRSA were classified as heterogeneously resistant to methicillin, susceptible to other antimicrobial agents and, except for three isolates, appeared to be genotypically almost identical. The first example of mupirocin resistant MRSA in Poland was documented. Amongst MSSA isolates, increased variability was seen, however, the persistence of one predominate clone of MSSA was shown. In this particular hospital environment, several different strains of both MRSA and MSSA were capable of maintaining persistent colonization.     

Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus at the University of Chicago Hospitals: a 15-year longitudinal assessment in a large university-based hospital.

OBJECTIVES: To describe a longitudinal profile of resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials among isolates of Staphylococcus aureus at a large university teaching hospital and to evaluate the impact of the methicillin resistance phenotype on resistance trends for non-beta-lactam antimicrobials. DESIGN: Retrospective evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility data for all 17,287 S. aureus isolates obtained from January 1986 through December 2000. SETTING: The University of Chicago Hospitals, a family of tertiary-care, university-affiliated hospitals in Chicago, Illinois, consisting of 547 adult and pediatric beds. RESULTS: The annual rate of resistance to methicillin increased from 13% in 1986 to 28% in 2000 (P < .001) and has not plateaued. For each non-beta-lactam antimicrobial tested, the annual rates of resistance were far higher among methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates than among methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) isolates. The annual rates of resistance to the macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin (MLS) antimicrobials erythromycin and clindamycin increased among MSSA isolates (P < .01), but remained lower than 20%. Resistance to the MLS antimicrobials was higher among MRSA isolates (higher than 60%), but the annual rate decreased significantly during the study (P < .01). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of methicillin resistance among S. aureus isolates has continued to increase; resistance to non-beta-lactam antimicrobials is far more common among MRSA isolates. Recent decreases in the proportion of MRSA isolates resistant to non-beta-lactam antimicrobials suggest important changes in the epidemiology of this pathogen.     

Frequent acquisition of multiple strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by healthcare workers in an endemic hospital environment

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been an endemic nosocomial pathogen at the VA medical center (VAMC) in Providence, Rhode Island since 1981. From 1985 to 1987, more than 30% of all unique S aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. To evaluate the frequency of acquisition of MRSA isolates by healthcare workers, we compared the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, multilocus enzyme genotypes and plasmid profiles of isolates recovered from nasal and hand cultures from VAMC nurses and house staff on rotation at the VAMC with those of clinical isolates from patients at the VAMC and four other affiliated hospitals. Fifty-six percent of ward nurses cultured (n = 112) were colonized with S aureus, of which 65% was methicillin resistant. Six isolates of MRSA were identified on the initial culturing of house staff (n = 65); 16 MRSA isolates were recovered at the end of a four-week rotation (p less than .02). Phenotypic and genotypic analyses demonstrated that numerous distinct MRSA strains were recovered in the study period. The incidence of MRSA among clinical isolates at the VAMC and affiliated institutions was remarkably constant throughout the three-year study period. Moreover, despite regularly sharing resident physicians, interns and medical students, MRSA isolates were commonly recovered at the other university-affiliated hospitals. Our study failed to reveal evidence of significant interhospital transmission of MRSA isolates by healthcare workers. While healthcare workers may contribute to the dissemination of MRSA within institutions, they appear to be less important in spreading MRSA between institutions.     

医院获得性与社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性差异

目的对比分析某院医院获得性与社区获得性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的耐药性,为临床治疗和合理应用抗菌药物提供参考。方法收集并分析2013年5月—2014年6月某院分离的金黄色葡萄球菌,采用VITEK2 Compact全自动微生物鉴定仪及药敏系统进行鉴定和药物敏感性试验,并结合临床资料进行医院与社区获得性感染的诊断。结果共分离MRSA84株(医院获得性61株、社区获得性23株),医院获得性与社区获得性MRSA对青霉素G、苯唑西林的耐药率均为100.00%;对氨苄西林/舒巴坦的耐药率分别为100.00%和95.65%;对复方磺胺甲口恶唑的耐药率分别为39.34%和34.78%。医院获得性MRSA对庆大霉素、四环素、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星、呋喃妥因、利福平的耐药率均高于社区获得性MRSA,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.001)。结论医院获得性与社区获得性MRSA的耐药性均比较严重,应加强监测,临床治疗中要根据药敏试验合理选择抗菌药物。