隧道法内镜黏膜下剥离术在食管早期癌及癌前病变中应用的研究

目的 探讨隧道法黏膜下剥离术治疗食管早期癌或癌前病变的应用价值及操作技术要领.方法 2010年1月～ 2011年10月在我科内镜中心通过胃镜活检及超声胃镜诊断食管早期癌及上皮内瘤变、深度未超过黏膜下层者7例,应用隧道法ESD(病变黏膜下层建立隧道)治疗.结果 7例病变均一次性完整切除,病变直径2.0～4.0cm,手术时间为37 ～ 110 min,经病理证实基底部及切缘未见病变累及,2例出现术中出血量较多,均内镜下成功止血,无迟发性出血者,所有病例均无穿孔者,术后3个月及半年复查创面愈合良好,均无复发.结论 隧道法ESD是治疗早期食管癌及癌前病变的良好方法,隧道法ESD与传统ESD相比,缩短了内镜手术时间,简化了操作步骤,使得内镜手术更安全更快捷.     

内镜黏膜下剥离术和内镜黏膜切除术治疗胃食管连接部癌前病变及早癌的疗效比较

目的 将内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)和内镜黏膜切除术(EMR)进行比较,评价ESD治疗胃食管连接部(GEJ)癌前病变及早癌的有效性及安全性.方法 分析28例经ESD治疗和51例经EMR治疗的GEJ癌前病变及早癌患者的临床资料,比较两种方法病灶整块切除率、组织学治愈性切除率、手术时间、并发症、复发率等.结果 ESD整块切除率为92.9％ (26/28),治愈切除率为78.6％(22/28)均优于EMR组的45.1％(23/51)和43.1％(22/51),两者差异有统计学意义(P均＜0.05).局部原位复发率ESD组为3.6％(1/28),明显低于EMR组的19.6％( 10/51) (P ＜0.05).术后延迟出血、穿孔、狭窄等严重并发症的发生ESD组与EMR组之间差异无统计学意义.平均手术时间ESD为(64.3±27.1)min,明显长于EMR( 27.6±14.1)min(P ＜0.05).结论 ESD和EMR相比,整块切除率及组织学治愈性切除率高,局部复发率低,是治疗GEJ癌前病变及早癌更为安全有效的方法.     

内镜黏膜剥离术治疗消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变

目的探讨内镜下黏膜剥离术(endoscopic gubmucosal disseetion,ESD)治疗消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变的疗效、安全性及并发症防治。方法回顾性分析ESD方法治疗37例消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变的内镜下手术情况、并发症及治疗、预后情况。结果术中出血3例,术后出血2例,均内镜下成功止血;术中穿孔2例,均予内镜下金属夹夹闭后内科保守治疗成功,未有中转外科手术;l例直肠类癌及1例食管重度异型增生术后切缘病变组织残留,2~6月后复查未见明显复发迹象。结论 ESD治疗消化道黏膜及黏膜下病变安全、有效,可以一次性完整切除较大病变,提供完整的病理学资料,且术后不易复发。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管早期癌及癌前病变

目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗食管早期癌及癌前病变的应用价值.方法 对胃镜发现的食管早癌和上皮内瘤变、深度未超越黏膜卜层者15例进行ESD治疗:(1)黏膜下注射生理盐水抬高病变;(2)预切开病变周围黏膜;(3)沿病变下方黏膜下层完整剥离病变.结果 15例食管早癌和上皮内瘤变病变,最大卣径2.5～4.5 cm(平均3.2 cm).14例病变成功完成ESD治疗,ESD成功率93.3%(14/15).所有剥离病变全部得到病理确诊,基底和切缘未见病变累及.ESD手术时间(白黏膜下注射至完整剥离病变)45～150 min,(平均75 min).术中出血量平均30 ml,均经电凝、氙离子凝固术和止血夹成功止血,未出现需再次内镜下治疗的出血;ESD穿孔发生率0(0/15).术后随访14例,随访期6～18个月(平均11.5个月),创而完全愈合,无一例病变残留和复发.结论 ESD是治疗食管早癌和癌前病变的新方法,不仅能完整切除较大的病变,还能提供完整的病理学诊断资料.     

内镜经黏膜下隧道肿瘤切除术与内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗食管固有肌层肿瘤的多中心随机对照研究

目的分析内镜经黏膜下隧道肿瘤切除术(STER)与内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗食管固有肌层肿瘤的多中心随机对照结果。方法选择2014年12月至2015年12月中国人民解放军第四五一医院、中国人民解放军第三二三医院、陕西省人民医院这3个试验中心收治的204例食管固有肌层肿瘤患者,按随机数表法分为对照组和研究组,每组各102例。对照组予以ESD治疗,研究组予以STER治疗。比较两组患者的手术情况、并发症及创面愈合情况。结果研究组患者的手术时间、整块切除率高于对照组,而住院费用、住院时间低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组和对照组的完全切除率分别为100%和96.08%,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。两组均有皮下气肿、迟发性出血、胸腔积液、剧烈疼痛发生,但研究组的并发症发生率低于对照组,且研究组的创面完全愈合率高于对照组(95.09%比32.35%),差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论 STER和ESD治疗食管固有肌层肿瘤均可起到较好的临床效果,但STER的整块切除率更高,并发症更少,且创面愈合更快,可能更适用于治疗食管固有肌层肿瘤。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗SiewertⅡ型胃食管交界早期癌及癌前病变的临床分析

目的 探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal resection,ESD）治疗胃食管交界早期癌及癌前病变的安全性和有效性。方法 回顾性分析2012年7月—2019年6月间在北京大学第一医院内镜中心接受ESD治疗的67例SiewertⅡ型胃食管交界早期癌及癌前病变患者资料,对病变的临床病理特征、整块切除率、完全切除率、治愈性切除率、并发症发生率进行统计分析,并对可能影响治愈性切除的因素进行分析。结果 67例病变中隆起型病变5例,浅表型病变59例,凹陷型病变3例。病变中位直径1.6(1.8)cm,中位手术时间60.0(56.0)min。整块切除率97.0%（65/67）,完全切除率91.0%（61/67）,治愈性切除率82.1%（55/67）。肿瘤最大径（OR=8.457,95%CI：1.227~58.302,P=0.030）及病理类型（OR=15.133,95%CI：1.518~150.870,P=0.021）与非治愈性切除相关。3例（4.5%）患者发生ESD相关并发症,1例术后迟发出血,内镜下止血后好转;2例术后瘢痕狭窄,内镜引导下探条扩张后好转。58例随访患者中1例垂直切缘阳性且未接受后续治疗的患者出现复发;1例患者随访中发现异时性早期胃癌,再次ESD切除。结论 ESD治疗胃食管交界早期癌及癌前病变安全有效,操作前应对病变大小、边界、浸润深度进行准确评判,制定适宜的治疗方式及手术策略。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗早期食管癌患者的疗效及术后并发症分析

[目的]分析探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗早期食管癌患者的疗效及术后并发症。[方法]选取我院2015-05—2016-10行ESD治疗的早期食管癌患者58例,分析病变切除情况、术后并发症发生情况,单因素分析术后食管狭窄发生的危险性因素。[结果]58例患者全部一次性整块切除,手术时间30~90min,术后食管狭窄发生率为44.83%(26/58)。单因素分析显示,手术时间≥50min、病变环周比≥3/4及创伤面积≥8cm^2是术后发生食管狭窄的危险性因素(P<0.05),而术后发热症状与食管狭窄的发生无关。[结论]早期食管癌患者行ESD治疗安全有效,有整块切除率高、术中出血量少、穿孔率低等优势,但术后易出现食管狭窄并发症,需操作者在实践过程中积极把控。     

内镜下黏膜切除术和黏膜剥离术治疗早期食管癌的近期疗效比较

目的:比较内镜下黏膜切除术和黏膜剥离术治疗早期食管癌的近期疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析行内镜下黏膜切除术和黏膜剥离术的食管癌早期患者的临床资料。结果:黏膜剥离术患者垂直与水平切缘分别有1、2例阳性,经过术中冰冻追加手术切除,黏膜切除术的患者垂直和水平切缘各有4例阳性,水平切缘阳性患者再次行黏膜切除术,垂直阳性切缘患者有2例术前病理为食管癌,行补救性外科切除,其余2例不典型增生行黏膜剥离术。统计其整块切除率,发现黏膜切除术的整块切除率分别为80. 0%和76. 5%,黏膜剥离术的整块切除率均为100%。黏膜切除术所花费手术时间短于黏膜剥离术。黏膜剥离术患者重度出血率显著高于黏膜切除术,而在食管狭窄方面黏膜切除术的发生率显著高于黏膜剥离术(均P 0. 05)。而食管穿孔发生率比较2组差异无统计学意义(P0. 05)。结论:黏膜剥离术手术近期疗效更佳,但在并发症方面,两种手术方式各有优劣,在临床应用时应该取其优点,避免并发症对患者造成的伤害。     

内镜下黏膜切除术和内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗直肠类癌的对照研究

目的 评估内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)和内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗直肠类癌的有效性及安全性.方法 回顾性总结24例26处EMR治疗(EMR组)和19例20处ESD治疗(ESD组)的直肠类癌患者的临床资料,对比分析两组在病灶大小、手术时间、病灶整块切除率、组织病理学治愈性切除率、并发症及随访结果方面的差异.结果 ESD组术前超声内镜测量的直径大小为(7.4 ±5.3)mm,明显大于EMR组的(5.6 ±2.1)mm(P ＜0.05);ESD组手术时间为(32.6±10.5)min,明显长于EMR组的(8.9±6.3)min(P ＜0.05);EMR组和ESD组病灶均一次性完整切除,整块切除率均为100.0％;EMR组的组织病理学治愈性切除率为100.0％(26/26),略高于ESD组的95.0％ (19/20) (P＞0.05);EMR术后出血、穿孔并发症发生率为15.3％ (4/26),明显高于ESD组的5.0％ (1/20) (P＜0.05);两组在术后复查随访,均未发现局部复发.结论 对于直径小于7 mm的病灶应用EMR方法可以有效完整地切除病灶,并缩短手术时间;而对于直径大于7 mm和经过多次活检或局部切除后内镜下注射抬举征阴性的病灶,采取ESD的手术方式,方能得到比较满意的治疗效果.     

食管内镜黏膜下剥离术后狭窄的发生机制及临床防治的研究进展

随着内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）的发展,较大范围的食管癌前病变和早期食管癌已可实现完整有效的内镜下切除。与外科手术相比,食管ESD具有创伤小、痛苦少和恢复快等优点;与内镜下黏膜切除术（EMR）相比,ESD整块切除率和治愈性切除率更高,也便于精确的组织学评估。但较大范围的食管ESD术后并发症尤其是狭窄和吞咽困难发生率高,不仅影响患者生活质量,而且制约了ESD技术的进一步推广。因此,食管ESD术后狭窄的防治已成为近年来研究的热点问题,本文就食管ESD术后狭窄的发生机制及临床防治的研究进展做一综述。     

内镜黏膜下隧道法剥离术治疗早期食管癌伴黏膜下层纤维化的临床观察

目的评价内镜黏膜下隧道法剥离术（endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection,ESTD）治疗早期食管癌伴黏膜下层纤维化的效果和安全性。方法2015年6月—2018年2月间,在江苏省苏北人民医院消化内科采用ESTD或内镜黏膜下剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD）治疗,术后病理证实病灶＜1/3食管管周,且伴有黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌病例87例纳入回顾性分析,按纤维化程度分成轻度纤维化60例（ESTD 31例、ESD 29例）和重度纤维化27例（ESTD 16例、ESD 11例）,比较同一纤维化程度时两种手术方式的剥离速度、整块切除率、完全切除率,以及出血、肌层损伤、穿孔、颈部皮下气肿和术后狭窄的发生率。结果对于伴有轻度黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌患者,ESTD的整块切除率[96.8%（30/31）比82.8%（24/29）,P＜0.05]和完全切除率[96.8%（30/31）比75.9%（22/29）,P＜0.05]明显高于ESD,固有肌层损伤发生率明显低于ESD[6.5%（2/31）比17.2%（5/29）,P＜0.05],剥离速度、术中出血发生率、穿孔发生率、术后狭窄发生率与ESD比较差异均无统计学意义（P均＞0.05）,两种手术方式均无术后迟发性出血和颈部皮下气肿发生。对于伴有重度黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌患者,ESTD的剥离速度快于ESD[（12.3±2.8）mm2/min比（7.1±3.2）mm2/min],整块切除率、完全切除率、术后狭窄发生率与ESD相近,术中出血发生率[12.5%（2/16）比54.5%（6/11）]、固有肌层损伤发生率[18.8%（3/16）比54.5%（6/11）]、穿孔发生率[6.3%（1/16）比27.3%（3/11）]、颈部皮下气肿发生率[6.3%（1/16）比27.3%（3/11）]低于ESD,两种手术方式均无术后迟发性出血发生。术后12个月2例行ESD和1例行ESTD患者局部复发,术后24个月1例行ESTD患者发生异时癌。结论ESTD能安全、有效切除伴有黏膜下层纤维化的早期食管癌。对于伴有轻度黏膜下层纤维化者,ESTD的优势主要体现在治疗效果方面;对于伴有重度黏膜下层纤维化者,ESTD的优势主要体现在治疗安全性方面。     

Two traction methods that can facilitate esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection

Different traction devices that can provide a visual field and attain appropriate tension at the dissection plane during endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) have been developed. Clip-with-line(CWL) is a classic traction device that can offer per-oral traction toward the direction where the line is drawn. A multicenter randomized controlled trial(CONNECT-E trial) comparing the conventional ESD and CWL-assisted ESD(CWL-ESD) for large esophageal tumors was conducted in Japan. This study showed th...     

Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection for large superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a well-established treatment for superficial esophageal squamous cell neoplasms (SESCNs) with no risk of lymphatic metastasis. However, for large SESCNs, especially when exceeding two-thirds of the esophageal circumference, conventional ESD is time-consuming and has an increased risk of adverse events. Based on the submucosal tunnel conception, endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection (ESTD) was first introduced by us to remove large SESCNs, with excellent results. Studies from different centers also reported favorable results. Compared with conventional ESD, ESTD has a more rapid dissection speed and R0 resection rate. Currently in China, ESTD for large SESCNs is an important part of the digestive endoscopic tunnel technique, as is peroral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia and submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection for submucosal tumors of the muscularis propria. However, not all patients with SESCNs are candidates for ESTD, and postoperative esophageal strictures should also be taken into consideration, especially for lesions with a circumference greater than three-quarters. In this article, we describe our experience, review the literature of ESTD, and provide detailed information on indications, standard procedures, outcomes, and complications of ESTD.     

内镜下黏膜剥离术治疗消化道黏膜增生性病变88例分析

目的探讨内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)治疗消化道黏膜增生性病变的临床疗效。方法将宜兴市人民医院收治的消化道黏膜增生性病变患者88例,随机分成内镜下黏膜切除术(EMR)组(44例)和ESD组(44例)。术后随访12个月,观察两组的临床疗效及穿孔、出血等并发症及复发情况。结果与EMR组比较,ESD组的手术时间明显增加,但一次性切除率明显升高(P0.05);术后6个月,ESD组切面愈合率显著高于EMR组(P0.05),ESD组术后12个月的复发率显著低于EMR组(P0.05)。结论与EMR相比,ESD治疗消化道黏膜增生性病变的一次性切除率和术后切面愈合率均较高,且术后12个月的复发率较低。     

内镜黏膜下剥离术治疗消化道黏膜下肿瘤的疗效分析

目的探讨内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗消化道黏膜下肿瘤(submucosal tumor,SMT)的疗效及安全性。方法选取我院2008年3月-2011年6月经胃肠镜检查发现消化道黏膜下肿瘤48例,回顾性分析48例患者资料,包括患者的基本情况、病变部位、大小、治疗经过以及病理结果等,统计并发症发生情况及术后随访结果。结果病灶直径为0.8～5.8 cm,平均(3.3±0.75)cm,ESD手术时间为27～167 min,平均(71.0±22.6)min,ESD完整切除病灶45例(45/48,93.75%),穿孔3例(3/48,6.25%),其中1例大出血,1例食管患者ESD术后出现食管狭窄,经内镜下球囊扩张食管狭窄消失。所有病人均完成了术后6个月的内镜随访,1例患者见肿瘤复发。结论 ESD技术对较大病变可以整块切除,并提供完整的病理诊断资料;消化道SMT行ESD术是安全、有效的。     

长节段早期食管癌及癌前病变内镜治疗的有效性及安全性评价

目的 分析病灶长度超过5 cm的早期食管癌及癌前病变行内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)与内镜分片黏膜切除术(EPMR)的疗效及安全性。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月至2017 年7月在福建省食管癌早诊早治促进联盟治疗的85例病灶长度超过5 cm的早期食管癌及癌前病变患者临床资料。根据术式不同,分为ESD组（52例）及EPMR组（33例）,对比两组疗效、并发症及随访情况。结果 ESD组与EPMR组的完整切除率相比差异无统计学意义[86.5%（45/52）比87.9%（29/33）,P>0.05],ESD组的手术时间[（58.53±30.50）min比（32.06±9.12）min]、术后禁食时间[（4.18±1.30）d比（3.67±0.96）d]、住院时间[（7.45±2.44）d比（6.54±1.73）d]及抗生素使用时间[（3.48±2.33）d比（1.96±2.20）d]明显长于EPMR组（P均<0.05）。ESD组与EPMR组的术中并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;发热、胸痛、术后出血等近期术后并发症发生率对比差异亦无统计学意义（P>0.05）。ESD组术后狭窄发生率较EPMR组高[23.1%（12/52）比6.1%（2/33）,P<0.05]。术后随访3~63个月,ESD组复发5例,EPMR组1例,两者对比差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 EPMR与ESD治疗病灶长度超过5 cm的早期食管癌及癌前病变具有相同的有效性及安全性,而EPMR操作时间短,术后狭窄并发症少,且术式相对简单,易于掌握。     

Curative ESD for intraepithelial esophageal carcinoma with leiomyoma mimicking submucosal invasive carcinoma

This case report presents a 65-year-old man who developed early esophageal cancer with leiomyoma treated by endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). There have been several reports of co-existing superficial esophageal cancer and leiomyoma treated by endoscopic mucosal resection. However, there is no previous report describing the co-existing lesion treated by ESD. In order to determine treatment strategies for esophageal cancer, accurate endoscopic evaluation of the cancerous depth is essential. In the present case, the combination of endoscopic ultrasonography and narrow-band imaging system with magnifying endoscopy was extremely useful to evaluate the superficial esophageal cancer with leiomyoma, which lead to the appropriate treatment, ESD.     

导致食管浅表肿瘤内镜黏膜下剥离术困难的影响因素

目的探讨导致食管浅表肿瘤内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)困难(手术时间≥90 min、非治愈性切除、穿孔并发症)的独立危险因素。 方法回顾分析2015年7月至2019年6月苏北人民医院消化科诊断食管早期癌或癌前病变而行ESD治疗的452位患者病例资料,包括患者性别、年龄、病灶部位、内镜大体形态,病灶长径、周径、手术时期、术前病理、术后病理、手术时间以及穿孔并发症。先通过单因素分析寻找影响ESD手术时间、非治愈性切除及穿孔的因素,对其中有统计学意义的因素再纳入Logistic回归分析寻找导致ESD手术困难的独立危险因素。 结果452例患者平均年龄(66.47±7.59)岁,平均手术时间(72.7±32.9)min,术后病理为鳞状上皮高级别上皮内瘤变212例,鳞状细胞癌240例,治愈性切除率375/452(83.1%),发生穿孔并发症9例。单因素分析显示患者病灶大体形态、病灶长径、病灶周径、病变部位、术者经验与ESD手术困难有关(P<0.05)。经多因素分析显示病灶呈Ⅱa＋Ⅱc/Ⅱc是手术时间≥90 min(OR＝2.689,P＝0.003)、非治愈性切除(OR＝2.238,P＝0.009)及穿孔并发症(OR＝1.928,P＝0.042)的独立危险因素。病灶长径>2 cm是手术时间≥90 min(OR＝5.917,P<0.001)的独立危险因素,病灶周径为1/3～2/3周是手术时间≥90 min(OR＝2.733,P＝0.019)的独立危险因素,病灶周径≥2/3周是手术时间≥90 min(OR＝26.502,P<0.001)、非治愈性切除(OR＝4.174,P<0.001)的独立危险因素;病变位于食管上段(OR＝2.609,P＝0.016)、及术者经验(OR＝1.897,P＝0.045)是手术时间≥90 min的独立危险因素。 结论病变形态呈Ⅱa＋Ⅱc/Ⅱc、病灶长径>2 cm、病灶周径>1/3周、病变位于食管上段及术者经验是造成食管ESD困难的独立危险因素。     

Gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection via gastrostoma before the second operation for esophageal perforation: A case report

A 69-year-old man with advanced esophageal cancer and 2 early gastric cancers received chemoradiotherapy and was scheduled to undergo subtotal esophagectomy after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD). However, left lower esophageal perforation induced by vomiting suddenly occurred, and he urgently underwent esophago-proximal gastrectomy and gastrostomy without reconstruction. The resected specimen showed a complete response of pretreatment for the esophageal cancer and radical resection of one gastric cancer. Radical resection of the other gastric lesion was necessary before reconstruction. The fistula of gastrostoma was gradually dilated from 6.7 to 9.3 mm in order to pass the endoscope. At nine months after emergent operation, gastric ESD was performed via only the gastrostoma. A hemoclip with thread was attached to the specimen, and the thread was pulled out of the gastrostoma. The specimen was able to be removed en bloc, resulting in radical resection. Gastric tube reconstruction through the posterior sternal route was performed at six months after the ESD. He has not developed recurrence of the esophageal or gastric cancer in the two years since the emergent operation.     

Endoscopy dissection of small stromal tumors emerged from the muscularis propria in the upper gastrointestinal tract:Preliminary study

AIM:To investigate the feasibility and safety of the treatment of an upper gastrointestinal(GI) submucosal tumor with endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD).METHODS:A total of 20 patients with esophageal and gastric submucosal tumors emerged from the muscular layer identified by endoscopic ultrasonography were collected from January 2009 to June 2010.Extramural or dumbbell-like lesions were excluded by an enhanced computerized tomography(CT) scan.All patients had intravenous anesthesia with propofol and then underwent the ESD procedure to resect these submucosal tumors.The incision was closed by clips as much as possible to decrease complications,such as bleeding or perforation,after resection of the tumor.All the specimens were collected and evaluated by hematoxylin,eosin and immunohistochemical staining,with antibodies against CD117,CD34,desmin,α-smooth muscle actin and vimentin to identify the characteristics of the tumors.Fletch’s criteria was used to evaluate the risk of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs).All patients underwent a follow-up endoscopy at 3,6 and 12 mo and CT scan at 6 and 12 mo.RESULTS:The study group consisted of 5 men and 15 women aged 45-73 years,with a mean age of 60.2 years.Three tumors were located in the esophagus,9 in the gastric corpus,4 in the gastric fundus,3 lesions in the gastric antrum and 1 in the gastric angulus.Apart from the one case in the gastric angulus which was abandoned due to being deeply located in the serosa,94.7%(18/19) achieved complete gross dissection by ESD with operation duration of 60.52±30.32 min.The average maximum diameter of tumor was 14.8±7.6 mm,with a range of 6 to 30 mm,and another lesion was ligated by an endoscopic ligator after most of the lesion was dissected.After pathological and immunohistochemical analysis,12 tumors were identified as a GI stromal tumor and 6 were leiomyoma.Mitotic count of all 12 GIST lesions was fewer than 5 per 50 HPF and all lesions were at very low(9/12,75.0%) or low risk(3/12,25.0%) according to Fletch’s criteria.Procedure complications mainly included perforation and GI bleeding;perforation occurred in 1 patient and conservative treatment succeeded by a suturing clip and no post-operative GI bleeding occurred.All patients were followed up for 6.5±1.8 mo(range,3-12 mo) by endoscopy and abdominal CT.Local recurrence and metastasis did not occur in any patient.CONCLUSION:ESD shows promise as a safe and feasible technique to resect esophageal and gastric submucosal tumors and the incidence of complications was very low.Clinical studies with more subjects and longer follow-up are needed to confirm its treatment value.