重复肾输尿管畸形的超声诊断临床价值

目的探讨超声显像技术在重复肾输尿管畸形诊断中的应用价值。方法25例重复肾输尿管畸形患者．其中男性14例，女性11例，年龄7～88岁，平均年龄39．7岁。其中8例经静脉尿路造影、15例经磁共振泌尿系水成像、10例经手术证实，2例系移植肾供体取材时发现。对其超声诊断的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果25例均为单侧，左肾18例．右肾5例，2例为肾移植供体。完全重复肾输尿管畸形17例，不完全重复肾输尿管畸形8例。7例上位肾、2例上下位肾不同程度积水，8例输尿管扩张。5例合并输尿管异位开口。超声对重复肾输尿管畸形的诊断符合率为84％（21／25）。结论超声是重复肾输尿管畸形的首选检查方法．彩色多普勒显像不仅在观察肾门血管起着重要作用．并且对观察重复肾输尿管开口向膀胱腔内喷尿现象、显示异位的输尿管开口的具体部位具有重要价值。     

子宫内膜息肉经阴道三维超声特点及诊断价值分析

目的 探讨经阴道三维超声对子宫内膜息肉(EP)的诊断价值,并分析其影像学特点.方法 回顾性分析2019年3月～2020年6月我院收治的116例疑似EP患者的临床资料,均接受阴道二维超声及三维超声检查.以病理检查结果为金标准,评估二维超声和三维超声对EP的诊断价值,比较两者在灵敏度、特异度、准确性的差异性,记录EP患者的...     

72例输尿管中段结石的超声诊断分析

输尿管结石是临床常见的急性病症,发病时病人疼痛难忍,及时准确的临床诊断至关重要.输尿管中段结石,X线检查由于受肠道中气体干扰或因为部分结石X线不显影,诊断极为困难,而超声检查则不受上诉因素的影响,具有方法简便、无痛苦、无创伤、无副作用、重复性好等优点,已成为输尿管结石首选的检查方法,具有一定临床应用价值[1].我们应用超声波结合输尿管中段走行的特点,诊断输尿管中段结石72例,报告如下.     

超声诊断对输尿管结石的临床价值探讨

目的探讨超声诊断输尿管结石的临床价值,并对其声像图进行分析。方法分析我院2008年1月-2009年6月确诊的21例输尿管结石患者的超声声像图及诊断符合率情况。结果 21例输尿管结石中超声确诊19例,诊断符合率90.48%。结论超声诊断输尿管结石具有方便、无创,诊断符合率高,值得临床推广和应用。     

输尿管息肉的诊治体会(附18例报告)

输尿管息肉临床少见,由于早期难以发现,且不易和输尿管狭窄,输尿管癌区别,故临床多因肾积水、肾绞痛等检查时发现,我院从1992年1月至2004年5月收治18例,均经病检确诊,现报告如下:1临床资料与方法1.1临床资料本组男性16例,女性2例,年龄16-52岁,平均32岁,其中多发性息肉13例,位于     

髂总动脉在超声诊断输尿管中段结石的参照价值

正常输尿管超声检查时常不能显示,并且中段输尿管受肠气干扰检查时也困难,影响输尿管中段结石的诊断。因此我们从96年开始探讨输尿管中段结石的诊断技术。     

阴道与腹部超声诊断及介入治疗子宫息肉的优越性

目的 探讨阴道超声诊断与宫腔声学造影、腹部超声介入治疗子宫内膜息肉的优越性.方法 分析回顾3年来因子宫出血阴道超声诊断子宫内膜息肉及子宫声学造影、腹部超声介入治疗200例患者的临床资料.结果 阴道超声诊断子宫内膜息肉的阳性率高于腹部超声,P＜0.001有非常显著意义,而腹部超声介入下子宫声学造影治疗子宫内膜息肉与术后病理结果符合率不亚于宫腔镜.结论 阴道超声检查图像清晰,分辨率高,能提高子宫内膜微小病灶的检出率,而超声介入下宫腔造影治疗子宫内膜息肉操作简单、创伤小、出血少、时间短、效果好,医疗费用低更优越于宫腔镜.     

彩色多普勒超声在输尿管结石诊断中的应用

目的 应用彩色多普勒超声提高输尿管结石的诊断水平.方法 对284例(288个结石)输尿管结石患者行二维超声和彩色多普勒超声检查,利用彩色多普勒显像协助观察输尿管走行;在可疑结石强回声后方寻找"彩色快闪伪像"以确定结石的存在;通过观察输尿管末端喷尿多普勒信号变化判断其有无梗阻.结果 288个结石位于输尿管第一狭窄及第三狭窄处共计150个,二维B超与彩超均检出148个,检出率相同;介于第一狭窄与第三狭窄之间的结石病灶共计138个,B超检出率为46%(69/138),应用彩色多普勒超声后检出率提高到77%(106/138),两者比较有显著性差异(P＜0.01);超声未发现结石的34例患者,有22例显示输尿管末端喷尿次数减少,信号减弱,综合其超声及临床表现,提出疑似结石诊断,后经临床及其他影像学检查证实.结论 彩色多普勒超声能显著提高输尿管结石的诊断水平.     

阴道超声联合宫腔镜对子宫内膜息肉的诊断分析

目的:分析阴道超声联合宫腔镜对子宫内膜息肉的诊断价值.方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2020年7月德兴市中医院超声科接收的146例子宫内膜病变患者的临床资料,以子宫内膜活检为"金标准",比较阴道超声、宫腔镜以及联合检查诊断子宫内膜息肉的准确度差异,并统计检查过程中患者出现的不良反应.结果:经子宫内膜活检80例患者确诊为子宫内膜息肉.阴道超声诊断子宫内膜息肉的敏感度为78.75％,特异度为87.88％,准确度为82.87％.宫腔镜检查诊断子宫内膜息肉的敏感度为90.00％,特异度为93.94％,准确度为91.78％.联合检查诊断子宫内膜息肉的敏感度为97.50％,特异度为98.48％,准确度为97.94％.阴道超声不良反应发生率明显低于宫腔镜检查和联合检查(P<0.05).结论:阴道超声联合宫腔镜能应用于子宫内膜息肉的早期诊断,具有较高临床诊断价值.     

常见大肠息肉的病理类型与鉴别诊断

长期以来,大肠息肉和大肠癌的关系深受临床医师和病理工作者的重视。不同病理学类型的息肉,在大肠癌的发生中,具有不同的意义。在当前纤维结肠镜广泛应用的情     

输尿管子宫内膜异位症1例并文献复习

目的:提高对输尿管子宫内膜异位症(ureteral endometriosis)的认识.方法:分析1例输尿管子宫内膜异位症,并结合文献复习讨论.结果:本案例中患者以"腰酸背痛2月余"入院,全身麻醉下行输尿管活检术及输尿管镜检查术,术中见输尿管内息肉样生长新生物,参考临床病史诊断为输尿管子宫内膜异位症,行输尿管部分切除术及输尿管吻合术.结论:输尿管子宫内膜异位症虽不常见,且临床表现缺乏特异性,诊断明确时常常已经造成肾功能损害,所以应提高对输尿管内膜异位症的认识,对于有不明原因痛经、血尿、腰腹部坠胀或有子宫内膜异位症病史的患者,应结合影像学检查考虑输尿管内膜异位症,确诊后予以积极的手术和药物治疗,长期预后良好.     

Inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastrointesthal tract

Details of 13 new cases of inflammatory fibroid polyp of the gastrointestinal tract and of 76 patients recorded in the literature (total 89) are described and analysed. The lesion is always benign, may occur at any age but is commonest in the sixth and seventh decades, and involves the stomach most frequently. Abdominal pain, often related to obstruction, is the principal symptom. Eosinophilia of the peripheral blood does not occur. The lesions are sessile or polypoidal, originate in the gut submucosa, vary greatly in cellularity, and have a wide range of tissue eosinophilia. Some are very vascular, many of the larger vessels having a notably broad zone of connective tissue about them. The aetiology of the condition is discussed and reasons for distinguishing it from eosinophilic gastroenteritis, with which it is frequently confused, are given. The precise nature and aetiology of the inflammatory fibroid polyp remains undetermined.     

医用超声内窥镜的研究现状与发展趋势

在临床医学的诊断和治疗中,超声内窥镜的使用已经格外重要。医用超声内窥镜以电子内窥镜系统为基础,将超声换能器经由电子内窥镜活检通道伸入体腔,接近目标器官,既可以直接观察粘膜表面的病变,还可以通过超声扫描获得器官管壁断层的组织特征,不但扩大了普通内窥镜的诊断范围,而且提高了普通内窥镜的诊断能力。医用超声内窥镜是电子内窥镜技术与超声传感技术,微机电技术,现代计算机技术等高新技术的不断发展和融合的产物,是当前应用前景非常广阔的医疗仪器之一。本文介绍了超声内窥镜的发展过程,分析了其工作原理及研究现状,并且根据目前的研究形式预计了超声内窥镜的发展趋势。随着我国科学技术和医疗技术的不断发展,更加现代化,合理化,人性化,智能化的内窥镜设计与制造将成为现实,短时间内我国超声内窥镜的研制将赶上国际先进水平。     

Colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp: an under-recognized entity

Colonic muco-submucosal elongated polyp (CMSEP) is a relatively new entity, reported almost exclusively by Japanese researchers. Although uncommon, CMSEP is being encountered more often due to colon cancer screening programmes. We recently encountered four examples of such polyps from patients of Caucasian and Middle-Eastern ethnicities. The polyps occurred in different clinical contexts, but they all shared the same pathological features. Grossly, these polyps were characteristically long with a slender stalk, narrow base, and sometimes a rounded tip imparting a “drumstick” appearance. Histologically they were composed of almost normal-looking colonic mucosa lacking specific pathological alterations, and an underlying submucosal stalk containing dilated blood vessels and lymphatic channels. The pathogenesis of these polyps is thought to be due to mechanical traction secondary to peristaltic waves. So far, CMSEPs are of no clinical significance, but pathologists should be aware of them to avoid confusion with other more commonly encountered colorectal polyps.     

Tonsillar lymphangiomatous polyp in an adult dog

A female spayed cocker spaniel dog, aged 8 years, developed a large, smooth pedunculated mass arising from the right palatine tonsil. Histology revealed that the mass was composed of many, variably dilated, thin-walled lymphatic channels filled with pale eosinophilic fluid lacking red blood cells and embedded in a dense, fibrovascular stroma. The dilated lymphatic channels were lined by a single layer of flattened, discontinuous endothelium with scattered intraluminal valves. Periodic acid-Schiff staining highlighted the discontinuous basement membrane and immunohistochemistry revealed strong cell membrane and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for CD31 and von Willebrand factor, respectively. The clinical and histological findings were consistent with a tonsillar lymphangiomatous polyp - an uncommon, benign tumour of the tonsil in man that has previously been unrecognized in veterinary medicine.     

A giant ureteral polyp mimicking as a bladder mass resected ureteroscopically by diode laser: a case report and literature review

We presented a rare case with giant ureteral polyp that mimics bladder tumor in adult women, originating from the middle segment of the left ureter. The patient was a 42-year-old woman, with a 2.1×1.3 cm bladder mass detected incidentally on a health screening ultrasound. Computerized tomography (CT) of the pelvis revealed a solid tumor situated near to trigon. Cystoscopy demonstrated a tumor that periodically prolapsed into the bladder. After the tumor was identified as a ureteral polyp by ureteroscopy, an ureteroscopic resection by diode laser was performed. The tumor measured 9.0×0.5 cm, and the final pathological diagnosis was ureteral fibroepithelial polyp. No recurrence was observed at the 5-month follow-up.     

肛周脓肿的彩超诊断

目的探讨经肛高频彩色超声波检查肛周脓肿的声像学特点及术前定位的应用价值。方法应用经肛高频彩色超声波检查肛周脓肿30例，并与常规专科检查结果相比较。作声像图描述及术前定位。结果经肛高频彩色超声波检查肛周脓肿声像图表现为低回声，无回声或混和回声区，病灶区域未测及明显血流信号。结论经肛高频彩色超声波用于肛周脓肿的诊断在显示病灶位置、形态、保存图像作对照研究等方面具有明显的优点，可为肛周脓肿的研究提供客观依据。     

金属支架管在解除输尿管肿瘤源性和慢性良性梗阻中的疗效观察

目的观察留置金属支架管解除输尿管肿瘤源性和慢性良性梗阻方法的治疗效果。方法 2013年10月至2014年4月,我科使用金属支架管治疗输尿管肿瘤源性和慢性良性梗阻患者10例,肾功能显像(ECT)检查用于评估留置金属支架管后单肾功能。结果经过平均4个月时间的随访,单侧肾功能改善11例,1侧肾功能未见明显改善,所有留置金属支架管肾脏功能未见下降。结论留置金属支架管可有效解除输尿管肿瘤源性和慢性良性梗阻,保护肾功能。