Multifocal intraocular lens implantation in patients with traumatic cataract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the postoperative outcome and complication rate of cataract extraction with implantation of a zonal-progressive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) for traumatic cataract. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative trial. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty-one eyes of 51 subjects with traumatic cataract caused by nonpenetrating, penetrating, and perforating ocular trauma at two university institutions with more than 12 months follow-up. INTERVENTIONS: Temporal clear corneal phacoemulsification with foldable IOL implantation was performed in all eyes. In 29 subjects, a zonal-progressive optic multifocal IOL (Array SA40-N Allergan, Irvine, CA) was implanted, whereas 22 subjects received a monofocal IOL and served as controls. RESULTS: Preoperative subjects demographics, mean postoperative spherical equivalent, astigmatism, and uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity were similar in the two groups. Subjects with a multifocal IOL achieved a significantly better uncorrected near visual acuity than subjects with monofocal IOL (0.24 vs. 0.40; P = 0.0001). With distance correction only, mean near visual acuity was 0.21 vs. 0.43 (P = 0.0001). Best-corrected near visual acuity was 0.17 for both groups (P = 0.91), with +1.24 diopters (D) for the multifocal group and +2.45 D for the monofocal group (P = 0.0001). Spectacle dependency differed significantly between the two groups, with 18 (81%) subjects of the monofocal group commonly requiring an additional plus add for near tasks compared with 5 (17%) subjects in the multifocal group (P = 0.001). Stereopsis was superior in the multifocal group (P < 0.001), with 20 (69%) and 16 (55%) patients with a multifocal IOL responding positively to the Lang and Titmus tests, respectively. In the monofocal group, only eight (36%) and five (22%) subjects gave correct answers. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocal IOL implantation is a viable alternative to monofocal pseudophakia in subjects with traumatic cataract.     

A prospective, randomized, double-masked comparison of a zonal-progressive multifocal intraocular lens and a monofocal intraocular lens.

INTRODUCTION: Multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) have been designed to provide improved near visual acuity without spectacles compared with monofocal IOLs. Early studies have reported variables amounts of decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity with multifocal IOLs, and some patients have experienced halos and glare. METHODS: The authors performed a prospective, double-masked, multicenter evaluation of 62 patients randomized between a new zonal-progressive optic multifocal IOL and a monofocal IOL. RESULTS: Mean postoperative spherical equivalent, astigmatism, and uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity were similar between the two groups. Patients with a multifocal IOL achieved significantly better uncorrected near visual acuity than patients with monofocal IOLs (J3+ versus J7; P less than 0.0001). With distance correction only, mean near visual acuity was J2 versus J5- (P = 0.0001). Best-corrected near visual acuity was J1 for both groups, with 1.36 diopters (D) for the multifocal group versus 2.37 D for the monofocal group (P less than 0.0001). Regan contrast sensitivity was lower for the multifocal patients at all contrast levels, and achieved statistical significance at very low contrast (11% contrast; P = 0.0024). Fifty-two percent of patients with a multifocal IOL reported that they did not need spectacles at all or used them only for their fellow eye, compared with 25% of the patients with monofocal IOLs. CONCLUSION: Both monofocal and multifocal implant patients were very satisfied with the results of their cataract extraction and IOL implant surgery. A small loss of contrast sensitivity with the multifocal IOL was demonstrated, consistent with theoretical predictions. The functional significance of the loss of contrast sensitivity appears to be small and counterbalanced by the advantage of improved uncorrected near visual acuity.     

A prospective comparative study of the AMO ARRAY zonal-progressive multifocal silicone intraocular lens and a monofocal intraocular lens.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a zonal-progressive multifocal silicone intraocular lens (IOL). DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, fellow eye comparative trial. PARTICIPANTS: Four hundred fifty-six subjects were enrolled at 14 investigational sites in the United States; 400 subjects achieved 1-year follow-up. A subset of 123 subjects (102 at 1 year) were enrolled in a monofocal fellow eye control substudy; subjects were implanted with the multifocal IOL in one eye and a comparable monofocal IOL in the fellow eye. METHODS: Cataract extraction and implantation of a zonal-progressive multifocal silicone IOL was performed using the surgeon's standard technique. Subjects were followed at six postoperative examination intervals through 1 year. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The key efficacy measures were mean uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuity at 1 year after surgery. RESULTS: In the monofocal fellow eye control substudy, the multifocal eyes showed a mean 2-line increase over monofocal eyes for uncorrected and distance-corrected near visual acuity (P < 0.0001). Mean uncorrected distance visual acuity was similar between multifocal and monofocal eyes (P = 0.116). A significantly higher proportion of bilateral multifocal subjects reported that they could function comfortably without glasses at near (81%, 96 of 118) compared with multifocal/monofocal subjects (56%; 93 of 165; P < 0.001) and unilateral multifocal subjects (58%; 56 of 97; P < 0.001). Low-contrast visual acuity was reduced in multifocal eyes by approximately 1 Snellen line. However, no perceived disadvantages attributable to the reduction in low-contrast acuity were found. Although the perception of halos and glare increased in the multifocal eyes, good visual function remained, and nearly all subjects were satisfied with the results of their surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In a large study that included a subset of subjects with paired eye compared with those with monofocal lenses, this zonal-progressive multifocal lens provided a high level of uncorrected and corrected distance vision, improved uncorrected and distance-corrected near vision, reduced spectacle dependency, and a high level of patient satisfaction despite some loss of low-contrast visual acuity and increased reports of halos and glare.     

Scleral fixation of secondary foldable multifocal intraocular lens implants in children and young adults

OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of transscleral fixation of a foldable, multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) as an alternative form of optical correction to monofocal IOL implantation in aphakic children and young adults intolerant of contact lenses in the absence of sufficient capsular support. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized, comparative trial. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six eyes of 26 unilateral aphakic patients in the age group 6 to 29 years (mean, 13.2 years) at two university institutions with more than 6 months of follow-up. INTERVENTIONS: Anterior vitrectomy and secondary scleral-fixated foldable IOL implantation were performed in all cases. In 12 patients, a zonal-progressive optic multifocal IOL (Array SA40-N; Allergan, Irvine, CA) was implanted, whereas 14 patients received a monofocal IOL (SI40NB; Allergan). The follow-up ranged from 6 to 20 months (mean, 13.4 months). RESULTS: Preoperative patient demographics, mean postoperative spherical equivalent, astigmatism, and uncorrected and best-corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) were similar in the two groups. After surgery, BCDVA within one Snellen line of the preoperative BCDVA was achieved by 83% of the multifocal group and by 85% of the monofocal group. Patients with a multifocal IOL achieved a significantly better uncorrected near visual acuity than patients with monofocal IOL (019 versus 0.34; P = 0.02). With distance correction only, mean near visual acuity was 0.25 versus 0.44 (P = 0.01). Best-corrected near visual acuity was approximately 0.18 for both groups (P = 0.77), with +1.32 diopters (D) for the multifocal group and +2.54 D for the monofocal group (P = 0.001). Spectacle dependency differed significantly between the two groups, with 10 patients (71%) of the monofocal group commonly requiring an additional plus add for near tasks compared with two patients (16%) in the multifocal group (P = 0.001). The Lang test showed stereopsis to be superior in the multifocal group (P = 0.04). Complications encountered were: pressure increase in three eyes (11.5%), which was permanent in one case (3.8%); marked postoperative anterior chamber reaction in four eyes (15.4%); IOL decentration in five eyes (19.2%), one (3.8%) requiring surgical reintervention; and suture erosion through the conjunctiva in two eyes (7.4%). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Secondary scleral-fixated multifocal IOL implantation was as successful as monofocal IOL implantation in achieving BCDVA comparable with preoperative BCDVA. Moreover, stereopsis, uncorrected and distance-corrected near visual acuities were better in the multifocal patients than in the monofocal eyes. Multifocal IOL seems a viable alternative to monofocal scleral fixation in children and young patients with contact lens-intolerant aphakia.     

ReSTOR intraocular lens implantation in cataract surgery: quality of vision

PURPOSE: To compare the visual outcome and subjective visual symptoms in patients who had implantation of the AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon Laboratories) with those in patients who received the AcrySof SA60AT monofocal IOL (Alcon Laboratories) in cataract surgery. SETTING: Southend Hospital, Essex, United Kingdom. METHODS: Eighty eyes of 40 patients received the ReSTOR multifocal IOL after cataract extraction. They were closely paired in age, sex, and ocular findings with patients who had monofocal IOL implantation during the same period. The distance and near visual acuities were compared, and patient satisfaction with their vision, visual symptoms, and spectacle dependence was assessed using a standardized questionnaire. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the mean uncorrected and best corrected distance visual acuities between the groups. An uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/30 or better was achieved in 93.8% eyes in the multifocal group and 82.5% in the monofocal group and of 20/20 or better in 57.5% and 40.0%, respectively (P = .18). Uncorrected near visual acuity was 20/30 or better in 75.0% of eyes in the multifocal group and 3.8% in the monofocal group. Reading glasses were required by 2.5% in the multifocal group and by 92.5% in the monofocal group. Satisfactory uncorrected intermediate distance vision was achieved in 75.0% of eyes in the multifocal group and 87.5% in the monofocal group (P = .089); 85.0% of patients in the multifocal group and 7.5% in the monofocal group never had to wear glasses. Moderate glare was reported by 21.3% in the multifocal group and 7.5% in the monofocal group (P = .008); no patient reported severe glare. In the multifocal group, severe halos and moderate halos occurred in 3.8% [corrected] of eyes and 16.3% [corrected] of eyes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The AcrySof ReSTOR IOL provided predictably good uncorrected distance and uncorrected near acuities. Spectacle independence was significantly higher with this multifocal IOL, which outweighed the photic symptoms it caused.     

KTP激光治疗下泪小管吻合术后泪道阻塞的临床分析

目的：通过对Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体植入和Acrysof SN60AT单焦点人工晶状体植入术后3a远近视力及拟调节力的对比研究,探讨Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体中期的临床应用效果。

方法：对在同一时期接受白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入手术的年龄相关性白内障患者68例80眼进行回顾性分析。其中A组40眼植入Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体,B组40眼植入Acrysof SN60AT单焦点人工晶状体。术后3a随访观察术眼的屈光状态,裸眼远、近视力,矫正远、近视力, 最佳远矫下近视力,对比敏感度,问卷调查视觉质量和满意度,术后脱镜率及并发症等。

结果：术中术后两组均无严重并发症。两组患者术后均有良好的远视力和最佳矫正近视力,差异无统计学意义; A组患者裸眼近视力明显优于B组,A组脱镜率达82%,B组脱镜率16%; 术后对比敏感度差异无统计学意义,术后视觉症状无明显差异,但是术后满意度A组明显高于B组。

结论：Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3多焦点人工晶状体植入安全有效,可为患者同时提供良好的远、近视力,值得临床推广应用。     

Combination of Toric and multifocal intraocular lens implantation in bilateral cataract patients with unilateral astigmatism

AIM: To assess the binocular visual function in bilateral cataract patients with unilateral astigmatism after combined implantations of Toric with multifocal intraocular lens (IOL), and to compare with that of Toric and monofocal IOL implantation. METHODS: All the 30 patients with unilateral astigmatism suffered bilateral cataract were randomly divided into two groups: Toric plus multifocal IOL group and Toric plus monofocal IOL group. Uncorrected and corrected visual acuity at distance (5.0 m), intermediate distance (0.6 m), and near (0.33 m), contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis were assessed 6mo after surgery. Patients were also surveyed for visual disturbances and spectacle dependence. RESULTS: Binocular uncorrected visual acuity (LogMAR) of Toric/multifocal IOL eyes at distance, intermediate, near were 0.05±0.05, 0.24±0.10, and 0.14±0.06 respectively. The values of Toric plus monofocal IOL eyes were 0.06±0.07, 0.26±0.08, and 0.37±0.10 respectively. These values did not indicate significant differences between two groups with exception of near visual acuity. In the photopic condition (with or without glare), the contrast sensitivity of multifocal IOL eyes was significant lower than the monofocal IOL eyes in 18 cpd. In the mesopic condition, the contrast sensitivity of multifocal group was significant lower than monofocal group in 12 cpd, and in mesopic glare condition, this significant difference was found both in 6 cpd and 12 cpd. The stereopsis of Toric/multifocal IOL eyes decreased slightly (100±80 seconds of arc, t=2.222, P=0.136). Mean near vision for patient satisfaction was statistically significantly higher in Toric/multifocal IOL group patients versus than that in Toric/monofocal IOL group (80% vs 25.5%, P=0.000). Visual disturbance was not noticed in either group. CONCLUSION: Although the combination of Toric and multifocal IOL implantation results in compromising stereoacuity, it can still provide patients with high levels of spectacle freedom and good overall binocular visual acuity.     

Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity: AcrySof ReSTOR apodized diffractive versus AcrySof SA60AT monofocal intraocular lenses

PURPOSE: To compare the visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in eyes with the AcrySof ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Alcon) and eyes with the monofocal AcrySof SA60AT IOL. SETTING: Policlinico Umberto I, Department of Ophthalmology, Rome, and private clinical practice, Rome, Italy. METHODS: One hundred eyes had phacoemulsification cataract extraction and implantation of a ReSTOR multifocal IOL in the capsular bag. Inclusion criteria were corneal astigmatism less than 1.5 diopters (D), myopia less than 4.0 D, and no associated ocular disease. A complete ophthalmic examination, including uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, and contrast sensitivity, was performed 6 months postoperatively. Results were compared with those in 40 eyes with the AcrySof monofocal IOL single-piece IOL. RESULTS: In the multifocal group, 90 eyes (90%) had an uncorrected distance visual acuity of 20/25 or better (logMAR<0.10) and an uncorrected near visual acuity at 35 cm of J3 or better (logMAR 0.14). The multifocal group and monofocal group had similar distance uncorrected and best corrected visual acuities; however, the multifocal group had significantly better near uncorrected acuity. The mean contrast sensitivity values were 18.28 dB (static program) and 17.95 dB (dynamic program) in the multifocal group and 19.18 dB (static program) and 21.2 dB (dynamic program) in the monofocal group. CONCLUSIONS: The ReSTOR multifocal IOL provided a satisfactory full range of vision; 92% of the patients achieved total spectacle independence. Contrast sensitivity was lower than with the SA60AT monofocal IOL.     

单眼白内障患者植入多焦点人工晶状体与单焦点人工晶状体后的双眼视功能比较

目的比较单眼白内障患者植入多焦点人工晶状体（IOL）或单焦点IOL后的双眼视功能。方法前瞻性非随机对照研究。2013年6月至2014年12月期间,在我院行白内障超声乳化联合IOL植入术的单眼白内障患者80例（80眼）,根据植入的IOL类型分为2组,各40例（40眼）。观察组植入多焦点IOL,对照组植入单焦点IOL。术后随访3个月,观察指标包括术眼单眼及双眼远（5 m）、中（70 cm）、近（40 cm）视力,双眼对比敏感度,近立体视,脱镜率,视觉干扰现象及患者满意度。术后视力及对比敏感度比较采用独立样本t检验;脱镜率及光干扰现象发生率的比较采用χ²检验;近立体视、视力满意度评分比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。结果观察组双眼裸眼远、中、近视力分别为0.03±0.04、0.17±0.07、0.15±0.06,对照组双眼裸眼远、中、近视力分别为0.05±0.05、0.27±0.08、0.31±0.09,观察组双眼裸眼中视力和近视力优于对照组（t=3.925、3.429,P＜0.01）,而2组间双眼裸眼远视力差异无统计学意义（t=0.356,P＞0.05）。双眼在空间频率为3、6、12、18 c/d时,观察组无眩光对比敏感度和有眩光对比敏感度均低于对照组（无眩光：t=3.463、3.361、2.198、2.574,P＜0.05;有眩光：t=3.105、2.432、2.758、3.207,P＜0.05）。观察组近立体视优于对照组（Z=2.578,P＜0.05）,脱镜率（88%）高于对照组（28%）（χ²=8.240,P＜0.05）,2组间视远满意度评分差异无统计学意义（Z=0.598,P＞0.05）,而观察组视中和视近满意度评分均高于对照组（Z=2.314、3.137,P＜0.05）。2组间视觉干扰眩光现象差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.602,P＞0.05）,而观察组光晕现象多于对照组（χ²=8.807,P＜0.05）。结论单眼白内障患者植入多焦点IOL相比单焦点IOL能提供更好的双眼中、近视力,双眼立体视,脱镜率及患者满意度,但对比敏感度有所降低。     

Cataract extraction with multifocal intraocular lens implantation: a multinational clinical trial evaluating clinical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes

OBJECTIVE: Two million cataract extractions are performed annually in the United States. The procedure is nearly always accompanied by implantation of a monofocal intraocular lens (IOL), which corrects the patient's distance vision. The authors' objective was to measure visual function and quality-of-life outcomes associated with bilateral implantation of a multifocal IOL, which corrects distance and near vision, and to compare the outcomes with those of the standard therapy. DESIGN: A prospective, randomized, double-masked, clinical trial was conducted at eight sites in the United States, seven sites in Germany, and one site in Austria. PARTICIPANTS: Participants included 245 cataract patients, 127 of whom received the multifocal IOL bilaterally and 118 of whom received a monofocal IOL of nearly identical construction bilaterally. METHODS: Clinical data included visual acuity (VA), complications, and adverse events. Quality-of-life data were collected using a previously validated survey instrument at baseline, after first eye surgery, and after second eye surgery. RESULTS: At 3 months after surgery, patients who had received multifocal IOLs had significantly better uncorrected and distance corrected binocular near VA compared with patients who had received monofocal IOLs (mean uncorrected VA, 20/26 multifocal vs. 20/40 monofocal; mean distance corrected VA, 20/28 multifocal vs. 20/45 monofocal; P < 0.0001). Additionally, 96% of patients who had received multifocal IOLs and 65% of patients who had received monofocal IOLs achieved both 20/40 and J3 (Jaeger) or better uncorrected, binocular distance and near visual acuities (P < 0. 0001). Patients who had received multifocal IOLs were more likely than patients who had received monofocal IOLs to never wear glasses overall (32% multifocal vs. 8% monofocal; P < 0.0001). On a 4-point scale, patients who had received multifocal IOLs on average reported having between "a little bit" and "some" glare or halo, whereas patients who had received monofocal IOLs reported between "none" and "a little bit" of glare or halo (1.57 vs. 0.43; P < 0.001). Patients who had received multifocal IOLs rated their vision without glasses better overall at near and at intermediate distances (P < or = 0.002) and demonstrated better visual function for near tasks and social activities. CONCLUSIONS: Cataract patients who received multifocal IOLs at time of surgery obtained better uncorrected and distance corrected near VA and reported better overall vision, less limitation in visual function, less spectacle dependency, and more glare or halo than those who received traditional monofocal IOLs.     

双眼植入多焦和单焦人工晶状体后视力及立体视比较研究

目的 比较双眼植入ReSTOR+3D非球面多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)与传统球面单焦点人工晶状体(SIOL)后全程视力和立体视觉情况.方法 前瞻性临床研究.对2009年5月至2010年6月在上海公利医院眼科治疗的病人18例(36只眼)植入ReSTOR+3DMIOL(SN6ADI),20例(40只眼)植入传统球面SIOL(SNt0AT).以术后第二眼为标准随访3个月.测两组的远、中、近视力及近立体视锐度,进行相应统计学分析.结果 术后裸眼及最佳远、近矫正视力两组无明显差异(t值分别为1.14、1.74、0.99,P＞0.05),在25cm、30cm、33cm、40cm、50cm、60cm、70cm近中距离上,MIOL组远视力矫正下近视力均优于SIOL组(t值分别为14.02、20.28、24.52、32.74、21.91、11.66、9.76,P＜0.01).MIOL组裸眼近立体视锐度优于SIOL组(P＜0.05).双眼矫正近视力后,两组的立体视觉差异无统计学意义(X2=64.97 P＞0.05).结论 ReSTOR+3D多焦点IOL较单焦点IOL可提供更好的近、中视力和裸眼近立体锐度,实现了很高地脱镜率,良好地全程视力使其拥有广泛的应用价值.

Abstract：

Objective To compare visual acuity from far to near and stereoscopic vision in patients who underwent bilateral implantation of aspheric diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOLs)with monofocal IOLs. Methods This prospective study comprised patients having implantation of an aspheric diffractive multifocal ReSTOR SN6AD1 IOL with a C3.0 D add (SN6AD1) or a monofocal IOL (SN60AT). Visual acuity from far to near distances and stereoscopic vision were evaluated 3months postoperatively. Results Multifocal IOL group comprised 36 eyes of 18 patients. Monofocal IOL group comprised 40 eyes of 20 patients. The differences between groups of uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity and corrected near visual acuity had not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The mean distance-corrected visual acuity at 25 cm, 30 cm, 33 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm, 60 cm, 70 cm were better in the multifocal group than in the monofocal group (P＜0.01). The near stereoscopic vision. in the multifocal group were better than in the monofocal group (P＜0.01). When near corrected,there were no significant difference between the stereoscopic vision for the multifocal and monofocal groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions The diffractive multifocal IOL with a low add power provides significantly better intermediate, near visual acuity than the monofocal IOL. When near uncorrected, the multifocal group has better stereoscopic vision. Spectacle independence is higher with the multifocal intraocular lens.     

非球面散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体植入术对白内障患者视力和对比敏感度的影响

目的：观察非球面散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体植入术对白内障患者视力和对比敏感度的影响。
　　方法：将我院2014-05/2015-05期间行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的合并有角膜规则散光的白内障患者58例72眼,随机分为两组：观察组植入散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体29例36眼;对照组植入散光型单焦点人工晶状体29例36眼。术后随访1、6mo,观察术后患者的裸眼远视力(UCDVA)、裸眼近视力(UCNVA)、最佳矫正远视力(BCDVA)、最佳矫正近视力(BCNVA)、残余散光、暗光下对比敏感度。
　　结果：两组术后1、6mo UCDVA、BCNVA、BCDVA 以及残余散光的比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组术后1、6mo 的 UCNVA 优于对照组(P<0.05);术后6mo 两组对比敏感度在高空间频率比较上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
　　结论：非球面散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体植入术治疗合并有角膜规则散光的白内障患者疗效确切,与散光型单焦点人工晶状体植入术比较均可改善患眼视力,且采用非球面散光矫正型多焦点人工晶状体植入术治疗后可获得更好的裸眼近视力和对比敏感度。     

新型衍射型非球面多焦点人工晶状体的临床应用

目的比较白内障超声乳化联合植入新型衍射型非球面多焦点人工晶状体Tecnis AMO00及非球面单焦点人工晶状体Tecnis的临床效果。方法选择老年性白内障患者,根据植入的晶状体不同分为2组:多焦点组46例62眼,植入Tecnis AMO00新型衍射型非球面多焦点人工晶状体,单焦点组42例68眼,植入Tecnis非球面单焦点人工晶状体。术后1个月和3个月随访,观察术后裸眼远视力、裸眼近视力、最佳矫正远视力、最佳矫正近视力及中间距离视力,术后3个月进行角膜内皮计数及角膜地形图检查,问卷调查了解视觉症状和视觉满意度。结果术后1个月及3个月两组间患者裸眼远视力、最佳矫正远视力和最佳矫正近视力均无显著差异。术后1个月及3个月多焦点组裸眼近视力分别为0.65±0.27和0.68±0.28,中间距离视力分别为0.64±0.22和0.67±0.25,相比单焦点组术后1个月及3个月的裸眼近视力(分别为0.28±0.26和0.30±0.25)和中间距离视力(分别为0.27±0.25和0.29±0.27),具有明显优越性,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。两组患者术前、术后的散光状态差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.01),术前、术后的角膜内皮细胞计数差异亦均有统计学意义(均为P<0.01),两组之间术后角膜内皮细胞丢失率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多焦点组脱镜率(96.77%)明显高于单焦点组(25.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。多焦点组4例患者诉轻度光晕、眩光,但在可以忍受范围内。结论新型衍射型非球面多焦点人工晶状体Tecnis AMO00能提供良好的全程视力,有效降低患者对老视镜的依赖,提高白内障患者术后的视觉质量。     

衍射型多焦点人工晶状体植入术后临床效果

目的:探讨衍射型多焦点人工晶状体植入术后的临床效果。方法:所有患者按照植入的人工晶状体类型分成多焦组和单焦组。多焦组植入衍射型多焦点人工晶状体AcrySof ReSTOR(Alcon),72例(109眼);单焦组植入单焦点人工晶状体AcrySof SA60AT(Alcon)作为对照,88例(130眼)。术后随访6~24mo,观察瞳孔直径,远近视力,最佳矫正视力,脱镜率,术后屈光状态、夜间视觉干扰现象等指标。结果:两组间在远视力和最佳矫正远近视力方面没有显著性差异,而近视力多焦组达到或超过J3的患者101眼(92.7%),单焦组12眼(9.2%),差异具有显著性(χ2=166.44,P=0.00)。两组完全脱镜率分别为98眼(89.9%)和9眼(6.9%)。多焦组完全脱镜的患者术后平均等效球镜为-0.03±0.45D(-1.0~+0.50D),6例7眼(6.4%)视近远时都需戴镜矫正,术后平均等效球镜+1.14D。结论:衍射型多焦点人工晶状体植入后能够使患者获得理想的远近视力,大大降低了患者对眼镜的依赖性。人工晶状体的屈光力测量精确性是增加术后脱镜率的重要因素,应该尽量避免术后等效球镜大于+0.50D。     

多焦点人工晶状体与非球面人工晶状体植入术后视觉质量的临床研究

目的客观与主观检测结合评价非球面设计的多焦点与单焦点人工晶状体植入术后的视觉质量。方法132例（207只眼）白内障患者分别植入非球面的多焦点人工晶状体AcrySof IQ ReSTOR IOL和单焦点人工晶状体AcrySof IQ IOL。记录患者手术后的裸眼远、近视力,矫正远、近视力。术后3个月检测患者明视、暗视和暗视眩光状态的对比敏感度。采用VF-14（Visual function-14）视功能和生存质量调查问卷评价患者主观的视觉质量。结果术后两组裸眼远视力（t=0．61,P〉0．05）最佳矫正近视力（t=1．877,P〉0．05）差异无统计学意义。非矫正近视力多焦点组优于单焦点组（t=11．38,P〈0．001）,单焦点组在明光、暗光、暗光眩光条件下各空间频率对比敏感度均高于多焦点组,明光条件下3cpd和6cpd空间频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,暗光眩光条件下中高频率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,两组无患者存在严重的视觉干扰现象。两组术后视远时脱镜率均大于98％,视近时脱镜率多焦点组为78．9％,单焦点组为10．9％。结论与单焦点人工晶状体相比,除了对比敏感度下降,多焦点人工晶状体能提供令人满意的术后视功能和生活质量,患者能获得较高的视觉质量。     

多焦点人工晶状体植入术后早期全程视力和拟调节力的临床观察

目的 对比AcrySof多焦点人工晶状体和单焦点人工晶状体植入术后的早期临床疗效及拟调节力.方法 选取行白内障超声乳化摘出并人工晶状体植入术的年龄相关性白内障患者138例158眼,根据植入的人工晶状体不同,分为观察组和对照组.观察组60例73眼,植入AcrySof ReSTOR SN6AD1多焦点人工晶状体;对照组78例85眼,植入AcrySof Natural单焦点人工晶状体,比较术后1周、1个月和3个月两组患者的裸眼及最佳矫正远、中、近视力,并对比术后3个月时两组患者的拟调节力和生活质量调查评分.结果 术后1周、1个月和3个月两组患者均能获得满意的远视力,观察组裸眼中视力分别为0.49±0.19、0.72±0.21、0.77±0.23,对照组分别为0.24±0.21、0.27±0.22、0.28±0.24,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05);裸眼近视力观察组分别为0.47 ±0.20、0.70±0.22、0.80±0.24,对照组分别为0.21 ±0.23、0.23 ±0.19、0.26±0.18,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05);两组患者的裸眼远视力及最佳矫正远、中、近视力比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P＞0.05).术后3个月,观察组的视远拟调节力和视近拟调节力分别为(2.56±0.82)D、(3.19±1.13)D,对照组分别为(0.87±0.57)D、(1.03 ±0.59)D,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).观察组患者VF-14量表评分和视近时戴镜评分分别为(92.21±4.22)分、(4.23±0.85)分,对照组分别为(71.23±3.96)分、(2.01±0.71)分,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P＜0.05).结论 多焦点人工晶状体能够帮助患者获得全程视力,解决单焦点人工晶状体视中、视近的不足,改善拟调节力,提高患者的生活视觉质量.     

Cataract extraction with multifocal intraocular lens implantation: clinical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes. Multicenter clinical trial in Germany and Austria

PURPOSE: To compare bilateral implantation of a multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) versus a monofocal lens with respect to visual function, patient satisfaction, and quality of life. SETTING: Seven clinical sites in Germany and 1 site in Austria. METHODS: A prospective randomized masked clinical trial included 124 randomly assigned bilateral pseudophakic individuals, 64 of whom had bilateral implantation of an Array(R) foldable multifocal IOL (model SA-40N, Allergan) and 60 of whom had bilateral implantation of an AMO(R)PhacoFlex II(R) silicone monofocal IOL (model SI-40NB). Clinical data included binocular uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuities, complications, adverse events, and reports of halos and glare. Quality-of-life data were collected on 3 occasions using the modified Cataract TyPE Specification instrument. The functional status of the 2 groups was compared from baseline to final postoperative interview. RESULTS: Three months after surgery, a higher proportion in the Array group achieved a Jaeger value of J3 (20/40 Snellen) or better uncorrected binocular near visual acuity and 0.5 (20/40) or better distance-corrected binocular near visual acuity than in the monofocal groups (97% versus 68% and 95% versus 59%, respectively; P <.001). A higher proportion in the multifocal group achieved both 0.5 (20/40) and J3 or better uncorrected binocular distance and near visual acuities (97% versus 66%; P <.001). Those in the Array group were more likely than those in the monofocal group to never wear glasses overall (41% versus 12%; P <.001). Multifocal patients rated their vision without glasses better overall, at near and at intermediate distances (P <.05), and demonstrated better visual function for near tasks and social activities. CONCLUSIONS: Those who had bilateral implantation of the Array multifocal IOL obtained better uncorrected and distance-corrected near visual acuities and reported better overall vision, less limitation in visual function, and less spectacle dependency than patients with bilateral monofocal IOLs.     

衍射折射型多焦点人工晶状体远期视觉质量观察

目的:测定衍射折射型多焦点人工晶状体眼术后远期的视觉质量。方法:采取随机对照临床试验研究方法,将67例白内障患者分两组,其中30例33眼植入多焦点人工晶状体,37例37眼植入单焦点人工晶状体。术后3mo和1a进行裸眼远视力、中间视力、近视力、矫正远、中、近视力和对比敏感度检查。视功能和生存质量调查问卷评价患者主观的视觉功能。结果:(1)术后多焦点组裸眼近视力优于单焦点组(P<0·05),中间距离视力亦优于单焦点组(P<0.05),两组裸眼和矫正远视力、近视力及最佳矫正远视力下近视力差异无显著性。术后1a和3mo相比,差异无显著性意义。(2)术后两组对比敏感度均低于正常范围,空间分布差异无统计学意义。(3)两组术后多焦点组脱镜率达83%,而单焦点组脱镜率为32%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0·05)。多焦点组4例有眩光。多焦点组患者对全程视力的满意度高于单焦组患者。结论:多焦点人工晶状体能提供良好的全程视力,但近视力更好,视觉症状轻,脱镜率更高,有效地提高白内障患者术后的视觉质量。     

双眼阶梯渐进衍射型多焦点人工晶状体植入术的视觉质量观察

目的 比较双眼行超声乳化白内障吸除联合植入ReSTOR阶梯渐进衍射型多焦点人工晶状体(MIOL)和单焦点人工晶状体(SIOL)的术后视觉质量.方法 回顾性比较性系列病例研究.回顾性分析25例(50只眼)双眼行超声乳化白内障吸除联合ReSTOR MIOL植入(多焦点组)和28例(56只眼)双眼行超声乳化白内障吸除术联合Natural SIOL植入(单焦点组)的年龄相关性白内障患者的临床资料.观察术后3个月时裸眼远、近视力,最佳矫正远、近视力,远矫正状态下近视力、对比敏感度和眩光敏感度,视觉干扰以及脱镜率.两组间计量资料采用t检验;两组间计数资料采用X2检验.结果 术后3个月,多焦点组94%(47/50)和单焦点组96%(54/56)患眼术后裸眼远视力≥0.6(X2=0.347,P＞0.05);多焦点组88%(44/50)和单焦点组13%(7/56)患眼裸眼近视力等于或好于J3(X2=60.315,P＜0.01);多焦点组90%(45/50)和单焦点组11%(6/56)患眼远矫正状态下裸眼近视力等于或好于J3(X2=66.515,P＜0.01);两组各空间频段的对比敏感度和眩光敏感度差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);多焦点组12%(3/25)和单焦点组7%(2/28)患者术后出现轻度以上的眩光感(X2=0.365,P＞0.05);多焦点组8%(2/25)和单焦点组4%(1/28)患者术后出现轻度以上的光晕(X2=0.485,P＞0.05);两组均有96%(24/25、27/28)的患者术后视远完全脱镜(X2=0.007,P＞0.05);多焦点组80%(20/25)和单焦点组11%(3/28)患者术后视近完全脱镜(X2=25.811,P＜0.01).结论 ReSTOR阶梯渐进衍射型MIOL能同时提供良好的远、近视力,减少了患者术后对眼镜的依赖,具有较好的视觉质量.     

Array multifocal intraocular lens in a charity hospital training program: a resident's experience

PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency of spectacle use for distance and near activities and the satisfaction with visual acuity for distance and near activities in low-income patients implanted with the Arra multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) (Allergan, Inc.) by residents in a charity hospital.SETTING: E.A. Conway Medical Center, Monroe, Louisiana, USA.METHODS: This retrospective study compared patients who had bilateral implantation of the Array multifocal IOL and those who had bilateral implantation of a monofocal IOL. The primary outcome measures were postoperative spherical equivalent, cylinder, corrected and uncorrected distance visual acuities, frequency of spectacle use for distance and near, satisfaction with overall vision, satisfaction with the ability to see at distance and near with and without spectacles, and problems with unwanted visual phenomena such as glare, rings, and halos.RESULTS: There were 17 patients in the multifocal group and 14 patients in the monofocal group. Postoperatively, more patients in the monofocal group used spectacles (86% and 53%, respectively; P =.068). Significantly fewer patients in the multifocal group used spectacles for near vision (P =.018). Problems with glare, rings, and halos were more frequent in the multifocal group (P =.041). The multifocal group reported significantly greater satisfaction with the ability to see at distance (P =.002) and at near (P =.002) without spectacles.CONCLUSION: Implantation with the multifocal IOL may be a cost-effective option for low-income patients because it reduces the need for spectacles after cataract surgery.