Correlation between human papillomavirus infection and clinicopathological parameters in anal canal carcinoma

We evaluated human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in 17 anal canal tumors and its correlation with symptomatology, tumor extension and prognosis. Five squamous carcinomas and 4 cloacogenic tumors resulted HPV+. Statistical analysis showed no correlation between HPV infection and tumor morphology, lymph node involvement or prognosis, and no significant difference in the duration of symptoms between HPV+ and HPV- patients. HPV are involved in the pathogenesis of the tumors, but are not responsible for an increased neoplastic malignancy. Anoscopy with brushing or biopsy is a suitable screening method to identify HPV.     

Expression of nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 protein in endometrial carcinoma.

nm23 gene expression has been shown to be inversely correlated with tumour metastatic potential in some cancers but not in others. Examination was made of the expression of nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 gene products by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting in 28 endometrial carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry indicated the cytoplasm of cancer cells to be positive, and myometrium and endometrial stromal cells negative, for nm23-H1 and -H2 protein. The staining intensity for these proteins was significantly stronger in well-differentiated adenocarcinomas (G1) than in those moderately differentiated (G2) (P < 0.05). nm23-H1 and -H2 proteins were shown by immunoblotting to be present at significantly higher levels in G1 than in G2 tumours (P < 0.05). Two of eight cases expressed high nm23-H1 and -H2 protein in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas (G3). In G3 tumours, nm23 expression may be diverse. In this study, the expression of nm23-H1 and -H2 was not correlated with stage, metastasis, tumour size, myometrial invasion, oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor or menopause. It follows from the findings presented above that the high expression of nm23-H1 and -H2 is positively correlated with histological differentiation.     

nm23-H1与大肠癌微转移关系的研究

目的探讨nm23-H1基因表达与大肠癌浸润、微转移和预后的关系。方法经病理确诊的120例大肠癌组织标本,采用SP法检测nm23-H1基因蛋白表达、巢式RT-PCR方法检测进入外周静脉血的大肠癌微转移灶(CK20mRNA),并与同一患者大肠癌组织标本中nm23-H1基因表达情况进行综合分析。结果nm23-H1在大肠癌中的阳性表达率为61.7%(74/120),低分化腺癌中nm23-H1阳性表达率(41.0%)显著低于高中分化腺癌中的表达率(70.3%)(P<0.05);有淋巴结转移者nm23-H1阳性表达率为53.7%,无淋巴结转移者为71.7%,两组比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);120例大肠癌患者术后3年随访中,CK20mRNA阳性检出率为41.5%,nm23-H1阳性表达率与CK2OmRNA阳性率呈显著负相关(P<0.001);nm23-H1蛋白阳性表达组术后3年生存率为60.8%(45/74),阴性表达组术后3年生存率为21.7%(10/46),二组比较有显著性差异(P<0.001)。结论nm23-H1与大肠癌细胞分化、淋巴结转移及外周静脉血中微转移密切相关,是影响大肠癌预后的重要指标之一。     

Evidence for interaction between human PRUNE and nm23-H1 NDPKinase

We have isolated a human and murine homologue of the Drosophila prune gene through dbEST searches. The gene is ubiquitously expressed in human adult tissues, while in mouse developing embryos a high level of expression is confined to the nervous system particularly in the dorsal root ganglia, cranial nerves, and neural retina. The gene is composed of eight exons and is located in the 1q21.3 chromosomal region. A pseudogene has been sequenced and mapped to chromosomal region 13q12. PRUNE protein retains the four characteristic domains of DHH phosphoesterases. The synergism between prune and awdK-pn in Drosophila has led various authors to propose an interaction between these genes. However, such an interaction has never been supported by biochemical data. By using interaction-mating and in vitro co-immunoprecipitation experiments, we show for the first time the ability of human PRUNE to interact with the human homologue of awd protein (nm23-H1). In contrast, PRUNE is impaired in its interaction with nm-23-H1-S120G mutant, a gain-of-function mutation associated with advanced neuroblastoma stages. Consistently, PRUNE and nm23-H1 proteins partially colocalize in the cytoplasm. The data presented are consistent with the view that PRUNE acts as a negative regulator of the nm23-H1 protein. We discuss how PRUNE regulates nm23-H1 protein and postulate possible implications of PRUNE in neuroblastoma progression.     

肿瘤转移相关基因在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达与颈淋巴结转移相关性研究

目的：探讨肿瘤转移抑制相关基因nm23-H1,转移相关基因CD44v6在甲状腺乳头状癌的表达与颈淋巴结转移的关系。方法：采用免疫组化S－P法,检测201例甲状腺乳头状癌、30例甲状腺良性病变及30例正常甲状腺组织中nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达情况。结果：1）nm23-H1在甲状腺乳头状癌组的表达阳性率62．7％,明显低于良性病变组和正常组（P＜）．01或P＜0．05）。有转移组nm23-H1的阳性率为54．5％,明显低于无转移组（75．0％）,其蛋白表达与颈淋巴结转移呈负相关。2）CD44 v6在甲状腺乳头状癌组的表达阳性率为71．1％,明显高于两对照组（P均＜0．01）。有转移组CD44v6的阳性率为79．3％,明显高于无转移组（58．5％）,其蛋白表达与颈淋巴结转移呈正相关。3）甲状腺乳头状癌中nm23-H1和CD44v6表达呈显著负相关关系（P＜0．01）。nm23-H1阴性表达伴CD44v6阳性表达的患者发生颈淋巴结转移的可能性大。结论：nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达与甲状腺乳头状癌的颈淋巴结转移密切相关,nm23-H1和CD44v6的表达在淋巴结转移中起协同作用,两者的表达失衡可能与甲状腺乳头状癌发生颈淋巴结转移有密切关系。因此,检测nm23-H1和CD44v6可能作为预测甲状腺乳头状癌颈淋巴结转移潜能的有价值的参考指标。     

BRCA1和nm23-H1与乳腺癌预后的关系

目的 :探讨BRCA1、nm2 3 H1在乳腺癌预后中的作用及相互关系。方法 :对 10 6例乳腺癌患者的肿瘤组织石蜡切片采用免疫组织化学染色 (S P法 )技术标记BRCA1、nm2 3 H1。结果 :乳腺癌组织中BRCA1、nm2 3 H1蛋白表达明显降低 ,与生存期呈正相关 ,与复发呈负相关 (P <0 0 5 )。BRCA1与nm2 3 H1蛋白表达水平呈正相关 (P <0 0 5 )。结论 :BRCA1、nm2 3 H1在乳腺癌组织内共同参与癌组织的浸润和转移 ,可作为预后的判断指标     

The association between nm23-H1 expression and survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The nm23 gene is a potential metastasis suppressor gene originally identified using a murine melanoma cell line. The expression of nm23-H1 protein was examined immunohistochemically in 50 eligible patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The expression was not correlated with other prognostic factors including lymph node metastases; however, overall survival rates of nm23-H1-negative patients were significantly shorter than those of nm23-H1-positive patients (P < 0.05). Furthermore, reduced expression of nm23-H1 was associated with shorter overall survival in patients with involved lymph nodes (P < 0.01), but not in patients without involved lymph nodes. These data support the conclusion that reduced expression of nm23-H1 may be associated with poor prognosis of ESCC patients, suggesting the value of nm23-H1 expression as a prognostic marker for ESCC patients, especially ESCC patients with involved lymph nodes.     

食管鳞癌组织中COL1A2基因的表达与临床病理特征的相关性研究

目的探讨Ⅰ型胶原α2（COL1A2）和鳞状细胞癌相关抗原(SCCAg)与临床病理特征的关系。方法TIMER 20和GEPIA数据库分析COL1A2在肿瘤及食管癌中的表达,化学发光法检测血清中SCCAg的水平,免疫组化法检测食管鳞癌组织和癌旁正常组织中COL1A2蛋白的表达。生存分析采用GEPIA数据库,基因集富集分析采用GSEA数据库。结果GEPIA数据库分析显示,食管鳞癌中COL1A2的表达高于正常组织（P<005）,食管鳞癌TNM分期及与COL1A2的表达相关（P<005）。SCCAg在食管鳞癌患者中的阳性率为486%,其在高分化食管鳞癌患中表达增高（P<005）。COL1A2蛋白在食管鳞癌中强阳性率为735%,显著高于癌旁组织56%（P<005）。COL1A2过表达与食管鳞癌分化程度及其临床分期相关（P<005）。GEPIA数据库分析显示高表达COL1A2的患者无瘤生存率显著降低（P<005）。GSEA分析表明差异基因主要集中在粘着斑通路、细胞外基质结构组分、内质网内腔、细胞外结构组织。结论血清SCCAg的高表达对食管鳞癌诊断及其分化程度预测有一定的应用价值,而食管鳞癌组织COL1A2的高表达与食管鳞癌的进展及预后不良有关,对食管鳞癌的预后的判断有一定的临床参考价值,有望成为食管鳞癌新的治疗靶点。     

nm23-H1 protein immunohistochemical expression in human breast cancer

A series of 76 patients undergoing surgery for primary breast carcinoma has been prospectively studied in order to evaluate the relative weight of nm23-H1 protein expression in disease-free survival. Expression of nm23 protein was immunohistochemically assessed. In all, 39% (29/74) of the turners showed positive staining for nm23-H1 protein expression. Negative nm23-H1 expression was found in poorly differentiated, tumors (p<0.02). There was no significant relationship between nm23-H1 and the other clinicopathological and biological features examined. In the univariate statistical analysis, node positivity, G3 histological grade and high flow cytometric S phase fraction (SPF) value proved to be significantly related to risk of relapse. In the multivariate analysis, only histological grade (G3) and high SPF values (>10.6) proved to be independently related to risk of relapse, with a hazard ratio of 9.84 and 7.98 respectively. Our preliminary study suggests that immunohistochemical nm23-H1 expression should not be considered a marker for predicting tumor progression and patient prognosis.     

A clinicopathological study of nm23-H1 expression in classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma

BackgroundWe carried out immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of nm23-H1 in Hodgkin and Reed–Sternberg cells in patients with classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (CHL).Patients and methodsWe evaluated 128 patients with CHL [87 patients with nodular sclerosis (NS) and 41 patients with mixed cellularity (MC)] for CD15, CD20, Ki-67, EBER, TIA-1, and nm23-H1 by immunohistochemistry.ResultsCD15 was expressed in 79%, CD20 in 11%, Ki-67 in 93%, EBER in 34%, TIA-1 in 11%, and nm23-H1 in 60% of the CHL patients. NS patients showed a significantly higher rate of nm23-H1 expression than MC patients (P < 0.001). The serum nm23-H1 level was significantly higher in patients with positive nm23 expression. Univariate analysis showed that stage IV, poor performance status, low hemoglobin level, low serum albumin level, age of 45 years or older, TIA-1-positive status, and nm23-H1-positive status were associated with significantly shorter progression-free survival. Multivariate analysis with these factors showed TIA-1 and cytoplasmic nm23-H1 expression to be significant and independent prognostic factors.ConclusionsOur results indicate that nm23-H1 expression is a prognostic factor for CHL and that it is as important as serum nm23-H1, both of which are useful for planning the treatment strategy.     

nm23-H1基因在肺多形性癌组织中的表达及意义

目的　探讨 nm2 3- H1基因表达与肺多形性癌转移及预后的关系。方法　应用免疫组化 S- P法回顾性分析 2 0例肺多形性癌组织中 nm2 3- H1基因表达 ,并结合肺多形性癌的转移、侵袭力、肿块大小及预后进行分析。结果　 nm2 3- H1基因在肺多形性癌中表达阳性率 ,有淋巴结转移组 (2 5 .0 % )低于无淋巴结转移组 (87.5 % ) (P<0 .0 1) ,有侵犯周围组织组 (12 .5 % )低于无侵犯周围组织组 (10 0 % ) (P<0 .0 1) ,肿块直径 >6 cm组 (4 2 .8% )与肿块直径 <6 cm组 (5 0 .0 % ) ,差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　 nm 2 3- H1基因表达与肺多形性癌有无淋巴结转移、侵袭力强弱关系密切 ,而与肿块大小无关。 nm 2 3- H 1基因高表达预示肺多形性癌转移及侵袭力低 ,预后可能较好     

nm23-H1基因表达与鼻咽癌的早发转移

目的探讨nm23-H1基因产物的表达与鼻咽癌早发转移的关系.方法应用免疫组化S-P法对95例鼻咽癌组织蜡块进行nm23-H1检测.结果nm23-H1的阳性表达率为47.4%(45/95),早发转移组nm23-H1阳性率(26.7%)低于无转移组(60.0%),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).nm23-H1表达与临床分期无关.结论nm23-H1阴性表达与鼻咽癌早发转移有关,nm23-H1的表达水平可能是预测中晚期鼻咽癌远处转移的一个重要的生物学指标.     

Human papillomavirus infection and p53 nuclear overexpression in anal canal carcinoma.

The product of HPV E6 and E7 genes is able to inactivate both the p53 and pRb proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation among anal HPV infection and nuclear p53 overexpression. The Authors evaluated HPV DNA by PCR and p53 nuclear expression by immunohistochemistry in 12 cloacogenic and 6 squamocellular carcinoma. HPV DNA was detected in 71.4% of the squamocellular tumors and in 57.1% of the cloacogenic tumors. In squamocellular tumors HPV types 31-33 and 16 were found; in cloacogenic tumors type 16 alone was detected. Nuclear accumulation of p53 was found to be associated with the presence of HPV. There was no significant difference in parietal infiltration, lymph nodes involvement and prognosis between HPV+p53+ patients and HPV-p53- patients. Tumor aggressiveness is likely to be enhanced by factors other than HPV infection and p53 overexpression.     

结直肠癌中CD44v6、MMP-2、nm23-H1表达与临床病理的相关性研究

 目的 探讨结直肠癌中ＣＤ４４ｖ６、ＭＭＰ－２和ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１的表达与临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组化 ＳＡＢＣ法结合计算机图像分析技术检测 ＣＤ４４ｖ６、ＭＭＰ－２、ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白在 ２４例结直肠癌患者癌及癌旁组织中的表达。结果 ２４例结直肠癌组织中 ＣＤ４４ｖ６、ＭＭＰ－２的阳性单位（ＰＵ值）高于癌旁和正常组织（Ｐ＜０．０５），而 ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１的 ＰＵ值则低于癌旁和正常组织（Ｐ＜０．０５）。它们的异常表达与患者的性别、年龄、肿瘤大小及部位无相关性，而与浸润深度、淋巴结转移、远处转移、Ｄｕｋｅ’ｓ分期密切相关（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论 ＣＤ４４ｖ６、ＭＭＰ－２、ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１与结直肠癌的病理特征密切相关。它们的异常表达在肿瘤的侵袭转移中可能具有正、负协同作用，联合检测 ＣＤ４４ｖ６、ＭＭＰ－２、ｎｍ２３－Ｈ１蛋白可作为预测结直肠癌侵袭转移及客观评价患者预后的生物学指标。     

Identification of a second human nm23 gene, nm23-H2

Reduced RNA and/or protein levels corresponding to the murine nm23-1 and human nm23-H1 complementary DNA clones have been correlated with high tumor metastatic potential in several rodent model systems and human breast carcinomas. We report the identification of a second human nm23 gene, designated nm23-H2. The pNM23-H2S complementary DNA clone predicted a Mr 17,000 protein 88% identical to nm23-H1. nm23-H2 also shared a significant homology with nucleoside diphosphate kinases and a Drosophila developmental gene. Southern blots containing BglII-restricted genomic DNA, which exhibited an allelic restriction fragment length polymorphism for nm23-H1, contained nonallelic bands upon rehybridization to the nm23-H2 probe. Thus, nm23-H1 and nm23-H2 are distinct genes. Northern blot hybridization of nm23-H1- and nm23-H2-specific probes to breast tumors and cell lines indicated that nm23-H1 expression was reduced in high metastatic potential tumor cells to a greater extent than nm23-H2. The data indicate the existence of a family of independently regulated nm23 genes.     

乳腺癌nm23—H1等位基因缺失与肿瘤淋巴结转移相关性的研究

应用核酸分子杂交技术检测了34例乳腺癌以及相应癌旁正常乳腺组织中肿瘤转移抑制基因nm23-H1等位基因缺失情况，分析该基因的等位基因缺失与肿瘤大小，发病年龄，雌激素受体状况以及腋下淋巴结转移之间的关系。结果发现nm23-H1等位基因缺失与肿瘤大小．发病年龄以及雌激素受体状况无关．而与腋下淋巴结转移关系十分密切．有转移病例nm23-H1等位基因缺失的百分率为333％（7／21）．无转移病例等位基因缺失的百分率为77％（1／13），两组病例对比差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。研究结果提示nm23-H1基因在抑制肿瘤转移方面具有重要作用。     

nm23-H1与造血系统肿瘤关系的研究进展

nm23-H1作为肿瘤转移抑制基因,在多种实体肿瘤中能抑制肿瘤细胞的转移和植入,与预后呈正相关,但在造血系统肿瘤研究中却发现,nm23-H1是一种分化抑制因子,具有抑制造血细胞的分化成熟,参与白血病和淋巴瘤的发生、发展过程,与预后呈负相关。     

nm23-H1 expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: correlation with clinical outcome

The expression levels of nm23-H1 mRNA and its protein in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were detected to clarify the relationship between nm23-H1 and metastasis and prognosis of patients with NPC. nm23-H1 mRNA expression in fresh tissues from 78 patients with NPC was investigated by in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. Routine labeling streptavidin-biotin immuno-histochemistry with the nm23-H1 murine monoclonal antibody was employed to study the expression of nm23-H1 protein in paraffin-embedded specimens from 231 patients with NPC treated in our hospital. The clinical pathologic data and results of follow-up were collected. Comparisons between expression of nm23-H1 protein or mRNA and clinical outcome were performed using the χ² test. Multivariate prognostic analyses were performed by the Cox regression model. We found that nm23-H1-negative tumors were associated with a higher incidence of lymph-node metastasis (84.2%) than nm23-H1-positive ones (32.8%, p < 0.01). The distant metastasis and loco-regional recurrence rates in the nm23-H1-negative group were 55.8% and 31.68%, respectively but only 17.2% and 11.5%, respectively, in the nm23-H1-positive group (p < 0.01). A significant association was found between expression of nm23-H1 protein and prognosis (p < 0.01). Expression of nm23-H1 protein indicated favorable prognosis, suggesting that the absence of nm23-H1 protein expression was significantly associated with lymph-node metastasis, recurrence and distant metastasis in NPC. Expression of the nm23-H1 gene may be valuable for assessing the prognosis of NPC. Int. J. Cancer (Pred. Oncol.) 79:596–600, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

鼻咽癌组织中nm23-H1和survivin蛋白表达及其临床意义

目的探讨nm23H1和survivin基因蛋白表达与鼻咽癌（NPC）预后的相关性，方法对115例NPC放疗前活检标本，应用免疫组织化学技术检测nm23-H1和surivin基因蛋白在NPC组织中的表达情况，并分析两基因的表达与NPC分期、放疗敏感性、生存率、转移及复发之间的关系。结果NPC组织中nm23-H1和survivin蛋白阳性表达率分别为47．8％和68．7％。NPC分期、淋巴结转移、生存率及远处转移与nm23-H1蛋白低表达有密切关系，而survivin的高表达则与鼻咽癌的颈淋巴结转移、放疗敏感性、生仔率及复发有密切关系。nm23-H1蛋白表达与survivin表达呈负相关（P〈0．05）。结论nm23-H1蛋白低表达和survivin高表达对判断病变进展、预测放疗敏感性、生存率及转移和复发有重要参考价值。     

核因子-κB和nm23-H1在肝细胞肝癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨核因子NF-κB和转移抑制基因nm23-H1在肝细胞癌（HCC）组织的表达情况及与临床病理特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测41例HCC中NF-κB和nm23-H1的表达情况，以相应癌旁肝组织、肝硬化组织（10例）、肝血管瘤旁正常肝组织（11例）作对照，并分析其与病理特征的关系。结果NF-κB蛋白在41例HCC组织中阳性28例，表达率为68．3％；41例相应癌旁肝组织中有5例表达，阳性率12．2％，10例肝硬变组织中1例表达，11例正常肝组织未见表达，HCC与非癌组织中NF-κB蛋白的表达差异有统计学意义（χ^2=41．1，P〈0．01）；NF-κB的表达与HCC的临床病理特点无显著相关性。nm23-H1蛋白在41例HCC组织中14例为阳性染色，27例为阴性染色。nm23-H1阴性表达与肝被膜浸润和门静脉浸润显著相关（χ^2=4．16，χ^2=4．19，P均〈0．05）。结论NF-κB可能参与了HCC的发生、发展，可望作为基因治疗的靶点。nm23-H1在HCC中的阴性表达与HCC的恶性生物学特征相关，可能表明肿瘤的预后不良。