利塞膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症患者血清IL-6、TNF-α的变化

目的探讨白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在利塞膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松症中变化的意义。方法根据骨密度(BMD)检查结果,选择46例绝经后骨量减少和骨质疏松妇女,采用放免法测定治疗前后血清IL-6、TNF-α、骨钙素(BGP),ELASA法测I型胶原交联氨基末端肽(NTX)。结果绝经后骨质疏松妇女应用利塞膦酸钠5mg/d治疗1年后,与治疗前相比血清IL-6、TNF-α水平下降,血清BGP水平及尿NTX/尿肌酐(Cr)水平降低,BMP上升。对照组治疗后,上述指标无明显改变。两组治疗后相比,上述指标差异有显著性。结论利塞膦酸钠治疗骨质疏松症可能部分是通过抑制IL-6、TNF-α的产生而发挥作用的。     

绝经后妇女骨质疏松症采用利塞膦酸钠防治的有效性和药理解析

目的 探讨绝经后妇女骨质疏松症采用利塞膦酸钠防治的有效性和药理作用.方法 选取我院2012年6月—2014年6月92例绝经后妇女骨质疏松症患者,随机数字表分成对照组与观察组,对照组应用钙尔奇进行治疗,观察组在其基础上予以利塞膦酸钠进行治疗,比较2组治疗前后骨密度及碱性磷酸酶(ALP)变化.结果 观察组患者治疗6,12个月骨密度均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者治疗6,12个月ALP明显低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组1例患者出现轻微消化道反应,无其他不良反应.结论 利塞膦酸钠防治绝经后妇女骨质疏松症具有较为良好的效果,安全性高,临床应用价值高.     

利塞膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效与安全性研究

目的评估利塞膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松症的疗效与安全性。方法48例绝经后骨质疏松症患者采用随机、双盲、安慰剂对照进行12个月的研究,随机分为：治疗组（24例）：每日服用利塞膦酸钠片5mg＋凯思立D1片;对照组（24例）：每日服用与利塞膦酸钠外观一样的安慰剂＋凯思立D1片。用双能量X线骨密度测量仪比较治疗前后腰椎及髋部骨密度（BMD）改变,同时检测骨代谢生化指标血BGP、ALP及尿NTX在治疗前后的变化。结果治疗组服药后6个月和12个月腰椎BMD明显增加,与治疗前相比差异有显著性（P〈0.05）;而对照组治疗后6个月及12个月腰椎BMD稍增加,但与治疗前比较差异无显著性（P〉0.05）;治疗组股骨颈BMD治疗后12个月明显增加,与治疗前比较差异有显著性（P〈0.05）。治疗组反映骨形成标记物BGP和ALP治疗后6个月与12个月均明显降低,与治疗前比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;治疗组反映骨吸收标记物NTX治疗后6个月及12个月较治疗前明显降低（P〈0.01）;而对照组BGP、ALP及NTX下降不明显,两组治疗后BGP、ALP及NTX同期比较差异有显著性（P〈0.01）。主要不良反应为消化道反应1例,低钙血症1例。结论利塞膦酸钠能够增加绝经后骨质疏松症患者骨密度,显著降低骨转换率,抑制骨吸收,不良反应少,具有很好的安全性。     

利塞膦酸钠对原发性骨质疏松症患者骨密度和骨转换指标的影响

目的评价利塞膦酸钠对原发性骨质疏松症骨密度和骨转换指标的影响。方法采用随机双盲对照试验方法,将筛选合格的60例受试者分为两组（试验组30例：利塞膦酸钠片＋钙尔奇D;对照组30例：安慰剂＋钙尔奇D）。两组服药12个月,于试验0、3、6、9、12个月进行随访,观察腰椎骨密度（BMD）、血碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、骨钙素（BGP）、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（TRACP）等相关有效指标。结果①试验组治疗12个月与基线比较,腰椎骨密度提高13．41％,与对照组相比差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。②12个月骨密度综合疗效为：治疗12个月试验组和对照组总有效率分别为93．10％和80．77％。③血骨钙素、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶和碱性磷酸酶治疗后6个月和12个月均降低,其中试验组血碱性磷酸酶降低的程度大于对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论利塞膦酸钠能提高原发性骨质疏松症患者的骨密度和降低其骨转换,从而有效防治骨质疏松。     

阿仑膦酸钠联合钙剂治疗绝经后骨质疏松的临床观察

目的探讨联合应用钙剂和阿仑膦酸钠治疗绝经后骨质疏松的临床疗效。方法选择符合绝经后骨质疏松诊断的130例患者,给予钙尔奇D和阿仑膦酸钠治疗12个月。分别于治疗6个月、12个月后,观测患者的骨密度和对骨痛的自我评价,同时测定血清中的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）和骨钙素（BGD）的浓度,评价骨质疏松的改善情况。结果治疗6个月和12个月后,患者的骨痛情况改善;治疗12个月后,患者的骨密度、血清碱性磷酸酶和骨钙素与治疗前相比均显著升高（P〈0．05）。结论联合应用阿仑膦酸钠和钙剂治疗绝经后骨质疏松具有良好的临床效果。     

阿仑膦酸钠联合钙剂治疗妇女绝经后骨质疏松症的效果观察

目的 探讨阿仑膦酸钠联合钙剂治疗绝经后骨质疏松症的效果.方法 60例绝经后骨质疏松症患者分成治疗组及对照组,治疗组(31例)予口服阿仑膦酸钠胶囊联合钙尔奇-D片治疗,对照组(29例)予口服钙尔奇-D片,连续用药6个月;分别于治疗前后对患者的腰背疼痛进行评价,分别测定腰椎、股骨颈及Wards三角区骨密度(BMD),血钙、血磷、血清骨钙素(BGP)、血清骨原性碱性磷酸酶(BAP)和尿Ⅰ型胶原羟基端交联肽(NTx).结果 治疗后,与对照组比较,治疗组腰背疼痛明显缓解,腰椎L2～4、股骨颈及Wards三角区部位BMD均有不通程度的上升,BAP、BGP和尿NTx有所下降,差异均有统计学意义(均P＜0.05).结论 阿仑膦酸钠联合钙剂对可以有效增加绝经后骨质疏松症妇女的BMD,缓解骨痛,降低骨转化,且耐受性好.     

阿仑特罗钠可显著增加骨矿物质密度

一项为期12个月的阿仑特罗钠(Fosamax)与利塞膦酸钠(Actonel)的临床对比试验结果表明,每周1次用量的阿仑特罗钠所增加的骨矿物质密度(BMD)比同等剂量和耐受性的利塞膦酸钠药物治疗效果要好。这是美国首次开展的骨质疏松症绝经妇女应用美国 FDA 批准的上述新药每周1次治疗骨质疏松疗效评估的头对头研究。     

阿仑膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女骨密度影响的研究

目的观察阿仑膦酸钠（福善关）治疗绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女1年,其腰椎及股骨近端骨密度（BMD）的变化,为该药的临床应用提供依据。方法选取2004年1月-2009年年4月接受阿仑膦酸钠治疗的45～80岁骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女147例为研究对象,均为原发性骨质疏松或骨量减少。147例妇女服用阿仑膦酸钠70mg,1次／周,疗程至少1年。按绝经年限分成两组：绝经年限≤10年者56例,绝经年限〉10年者91例。使用双能X线吸收仪测定所有妇女治疗前后腰椎（L1～4）、股骨颈（neck）、大转子（troch）及全髋（total hip）部位的BMD。结果阿仑膦酸钠治疗1年后腰椎BMD平均增加2．42％～3．62％,股骨近端各部位BMD与治疗前比较提高1．65％～3．01％。治疗1年后,显效率为72．8％,有效率为10．2％,总有效率为83．0％。绝经年限≤10年和绝经年限〉10年者比较各部位BMD增加百分率间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论阿仑膦酸钠治疗1年能显著增加绝经后骨质疏松或骨量减少妇女的腰椎和股骨近端各部位的BMD,无论绝经年限长短BMD均显著增加。建议临床选用阿仑膦酸钠治疗,且首次治疗疗程至少1年。     

利塞膦酸钠对绝经后骨质疏松症骨密度和骨代谢的影响

目的：探讨利塞膦酸钠（RID）对绝经后骨质疏松症骨密度（BMD）和骨代谢的影响。方法：24例绝经后骨质疏松症患者采用自身治疗前后对照方式进行12个月的药物研究。患者每日服用RID片5mg,用双能量X线骨密度测量仪比较治疗前和治疗后6、12个月腰椎及髋部BMD改变,同时检测骨代谢生化指标血清骨钙素（BGP）及尿I型胶原交联氨基末端肽（NTX）在治疗前后的变化。结果：治疗后6个月和12个月腰椎2～4BMD均明显增加,与治疗前相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;股骨颈BMD治疗后12个月较治疗前增加（P〈0.05）;治疗后6个月及12个月BGP及NTX较治疗前明显降低（P〈0.01）。结论：RID能增加绝经后骨质疏松症患者腰椎和股骨颈BMD,显著降低骨转换率,抑制骨吸收。     

比较唑来膦酸与利塞膦酸在激素诱导的骨质疏松中的疗效

目的 比较唑来膦酸与利塞膦酸在激素诱导的骨质疏松中的疗效.方法 选取本院2007年1月至2010年1月糖皮质激素诱导的骨质疏松患者120例,随机双盲试验,分为唑来膦酸组60例,利塞膦酸组60例,疗程均为连续治疗12个月.比较两组患者的骨密度及血清β-CTx及骨形成标志物P1NP浓度等指标.结果 唑来膦酸组患者治疗后血清β-CTx浓度远低于利塞膦酸组患者血清浓度(P＜0.05).结论 唑来膦酸静脉滴注能够显著增加腰椎及股骨颈骨密度基值,降低β-CTx及P1NP血清浓度,治疗效果远优胜于利塞膦酸.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.