硒与GSH联合对氟致大鼠脂质过氧化作用的影响

目的　研究抗氧化剂硒及与不同剂量 GSH联合对氟所致脂质过氧化作用的影响。方法　采用动物实验。结果　饮含氟化钠 (15 0 mg/ L)水可使大鼠肝、肾及血清中 L PO含量显著增加 ;SOD活性、GSH- Px活性、GSH含量均显著下降 ;饮含氟水同时给亚硒酸钠 ,可使血清中 L PO含量显著下降 ;SOD活性、GSH- Px活性、GSH含量显著升高。说明硒对氟引起的脂质过氧化有拮抗作用。饮含氟水同时给 Se与不同剂量 GSH后 ,结果显示 :Se与低、中、高 3个剂量 GSH均可使血清中 L PO含量显著下降 ,全血中 SOD活性显著增强 ,呈剂量—效应关系 ,使肝、肾及全血中 GSH- Px活性不同程度增强 ,表明 Se与 GSH联合可有效拮抗氟所致的脂质过氧化作用 ,恢复机体抗氧化能力。结论　 1氟可引起大鼠肝、肾及全血中脂质过氧化物含量升高 ,抗氧化能力下降 ;2硒及与不同剂量 GSH联合具有不同程度拮抗氟诱导的脂质过氧化作用 ,恢复机体的抗氧化能力     

克山病心肌炎扩张型心肌病患者血清尿发中化学元素水平测定

用石墨炉原子吸收、火焰原子吸收、极谱示波法测定克山病、心肌炎、心肌病人血清、尿、发中8种元素含量。结果表明:克山病血清 Cu、Ni 升高,Cr、Se、Ca 降低,Zn/Cu 比增大;尿 Zn、Co、Ca、Mg 升高,Cr、Ni、Se 降低;发 Cu、Zn、Ni、Ca、Mg 升高,Se 降低,Zn/Cu 比增大。心肌炎血清 Zn、Ni 升高,Cr、Se 降低,Zn/Cu 比增大;尿 Cu、Zn、Cr、Ca、Mg 升高,Se 降低;发 Cu、Zn、Co、Ni、Ca、Mg 升高,Cr、Se 降低,Zn/Cu 比增大。心肌病血清 Cu、Ca 升高,Cr、Se 降低;尿 Cu、Zn、Co、Ca、Mg 升高,Se 降低;发 Zn、Co、Ni、Mg 升高,Cr、Se 降低,Zn/Cu 比增大。     

东方魔液抗自由基损伤的临床探讨

测定了22例老年Ⅱ型糖尿病患者应用东方魔液后血浆过氧化脂质(LPO)含量、红细胞超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH—Px)活性及免疫指标如免疫球蛋白IgG、IgA、血中总补体CH_(50)及补体C_3的变化。结果表明应用东方魔液后血浆LPO降低(P<0.05),红细胞SOD增高(P<0.01)、GSH—Px升高(P<0.01);此外,血中CH_(50)、C_3、IgG、IgA等升高(P<0.05),而对肝肾功能无明显影响。说明东方魔液具有抗自由基损伤和增强机体免疫力的作用。     

应用电子自旋共振技术检测染氟大鼠骨肝肾组织中自由基含量

目的 应用电子自旋共振技术（ESR）测定染氟大鼠骨、肝、肾组织中自由基含量及体内抗氧化系统变化,以期探讨氟中毒发病机理。方法 Wistar大鼠饮用60mg/L含氟水5个月后,测定其尿氟、红细胞SOD、GSH－Px活性及血浆MDA含量,并用ESR技术测定实验大鼠骨、肝、肾组织中 自由基含量。结果 氟中毒大鼠尿氟含量升高,血中抗氧化酶类SOD、GSH－Px活性降低,MDA含量增加。结论 体内过量氟蓄积,可引起骨、肝、肾等多种组织中自由基含量升高,造成体内保护机理－抗氧化酶（自由基清除酶）消耗,脂质过氧化增加,进而导致组织损伤。     

过量氟对大鼠不同组织铜、锌、铁、锰、硒水平的影响

目的　研究慢性氟中毒大鼠在不同染氟剂量及时间内 ,体内不同组织中铜 (Cu)、锌 (Zn)、铁 (Fe)、锰 (Mn)、硒 (Se)的变化 ,探讨过量氟 (F)对不同组织中各元素水平的影响。方法　 SD大鼠 70只分为对照组和低、中、高剂量染氟组 ,观察实验后 3个月 (42只 )和 5个月 (2 8只 )的变化 ,低钙饲料喂养 3个月及 5个月后 ,取氟中毒大鼠心、肝、肾、脾、肌肉、四肢骨及血清 ,分析 F、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn、Se含量。结果　染氟后各组织氟含量均有不同程度升高 ,随时间不同 ,组织中的氟含量呈现动态过程。多元逐步回归分析结果显示 ,染氟 3个月后肌肉中 F与Se,肝脏中 F与 Se,脾脏中 F与 Zn、Cu、Se呈显著性相关 (P <0 .0 5) ;染氟 5个月后血清中 F与 Zn,肝脏中 F与Cu、Zn,肾脏中 F与 Mn呈显著性相关 (P <0 .0 5)。结论　氟中毒大鼠不同组织中相关元素含量随染氟剂量、时间不同而变化     

碘硒缺乏对大鼠甲状腺抗氧化酶活性影响

应用2×2析因实验设计将 Wistar 大鼠随机分为四组,测定了喂养12周及30周大鼠甲状腺中四种抗氧化酶活性及脂质过氧化物含量。结果表明,甲状腺中四种抗氧化酶活性(Se—GSH—Px,SOD,CAT,GST)于低碘两组明显高于补碘两组,而硒除含硒酶(Se—GSH—Px)外对其余三种酶活性均无影响。补硒能明显提高 Se—GSH—Px 活性,但低碘因素增高活性的幅度更为突出;低碘高硒使GSH—Px 活性增高最明显。脂质过氧化物含量于低碘组亦明显高于补碘组,硒对此影响不明显。提示在缺碘时甲状腺组织抗氧化能力呈代偿性增强,但仍不能克服缺碘所致 LPO 增高对组织造成的损伤。     

慢型克山病血管内皮功能与抗氧化功能变化观察

目的 观察慢型克山病患者血管内皮功能与抗氧化功能变化，探讨在克山病发生发展中的作用。方法 选择慢型克山病39例，并以病区30例健康人作对照，取空腹静脉血，测定血浆内皮素（ET）、血清一氧化氮（NO）含量、一氧化氮合成酶（NOS、iNOS和cNOS）活性，超氧化物岐化酶（RBC SOD）及红细胞谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（RBC GSH—Px）活性及脂质过氧化物（LPO）含量。结果 克山病患者ET及NO含量明显高于对照组（P〈0．01），心衰越重升高越明显（P〈0．01）。NOS、iNOS和cNOS活性明显高于对照组（P〈0．001），NOS和iNOS活性与ET及NO相一致（P〈0．05）。克山病患者RBC GSH—Px及RBCSOD活性比对照组明显降低（P〈0．01），慢Ⅱ组低于慢Ⅲ、Ⅳ组（P〈0．01）；LPO含量比对照组明显升高（P〈0．01），GSH—Px／LPO及SOD／LPO比值变小（P〈0．01）。结论 克山病血管内皮功能与抗氧化功能降低．这种改变在克山病心肌损伤发生发展中具有重要意义。     

5种类型老年冠心病患者血液自由基相关成分的变化及其发生机制

对隐性冠心病、心绞痛、心肌梗塞、心肌硬化和心律失常5种类型冠心病患者血液SOD、GSH-Px、CAT、GSH、T-AO、LPO和GSH—Px/LPO比值等自由基相关成分进行分析检测。结果表明,84例冠心病患者与48例健康对照组比较,SOD、GBH—Px、GSH、T—AO及GSH—Px/LPO比值均显著降低(P<0.01);LPO或MDA则显著增高(P<0.01);CAT数值略高,但无统计学意义。提示自由基相关成分的变化可作为冠心病早期诊断或辅助诊断的指标,并在判断其临床类型,分析其病变程度及估计预后方面有一定的临床意义。     

硒锌制剂拮抗慢性氟中毒的实验研究

目的：探讨硒锌制剂对慢性氟中毒的影响及其机理。方法：Wistar大鼠在饮含50mg/L高氟水的同时通过灌胃方式给予不同剂量的硒锌制剂,2个月后,测量大鼠尿液氟浓度和r-GT活性,血液GSH－Px活性及肾组织中LPO水平,GSH含量和SOD活性,结果：发现硒锌制剂通过促进尿氟排泄,增强全血GSH－PX的肾SOD活性,增加肾GSH含量而抑制氟中毒引起的脂质过氧化作用,从面降低尿r-GT活性和肾LPO含量,结论：提示一定剂量的硒锌制剂对慢性氟中 明显的拮抗作用,其机理可能与通过促进尿氟排泄和抗脂质过氧化作用有关。     

不同硒水平对氟中毒大鼠脂质过氧化和抗氧化能力及甲状腺功能的影响

目的：探讨不同水平硒对氟中毒大鼠血清抗氧化酶SOD、GSH－Px活力、丙二醛（MDA）及FT3、FT4、TSH含量的影响。方法96只SD大鼠随机分为4组,3个实验组均饮100mg/L高氟水,其中2组饲加硒饲料,加硒量分别为2、3mg/kg,实验期4个月。结果：单纯高氟组与对照组相比大量血清SOD、GSH－Px活力降低,FT3、FT4含量显升高,加硒加氟组与单纯高氟组相比SOD、GSH－Px活力显升高,、FT3、FT4含量显下降,且加硒量较大组上述变化增强,各组MDA、TSH含量无明显区别。结论高氟抑制机体抗氧化酶活力,使甲状腺功能亢进;硒可拮抗氟的这种作用且在一定程度上随硒量增加拮抗作用增强。     

肝硬化患者血清微量元素研究

作者检测了15名肝硬化患者血清中17种微量元素和3种常量元素含量,并抽取42名健康人辅以对照。除血清Se由F-78脉冲极谱仪分析外,Fe、Cu、Mn、Zn、Co、Mo、Cr、Sn、V、Si、Ni、Al、Cd、Pb、Sr、Ti、Mg、Ca、P等19种元素采用ICAP-9000型等离子体直读光谱仪测定。结果表明,肝硬化患者血清Zn、Se低于对照组,但血清Cu、Cr、Sn、Si、Ni、Al、Pb、Mg等较高。进一步分析发现,肝硬化患者普遍低Se,血清Se平均值约占正常组1/3。低Se率和低Zn率高于健康人群。作者尝试探讨肝硬化血清微量元素变化的可能机制。     

Trace element status (Se, Zn, Cu) in heart failure.

OBJECTIVE: It has been speculated that trace elements may play a role in the pathogenesis of heart failure. In the present study, we aimed to assess serum concentrations of selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in patients with heart failure (HF) and to compare idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) patients with healthy controls. METHODS: This study population included 54 HF patients (26 IDCM patients and 28 ICM patients) and 30 healthy subjects. Serum levels of selenium, zinc, and copper were assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of Se and Zn in HF patients were significantly lower than in healthy controls (p=0.000 and p<0.01, respectively). However, serum Cu concentrations in these patients were significantly higher than in controls (p=0.000). There were no significant difference in the trace elements status between IDCM and ICM patients (p>0.05 for all parameters). Relationships of the serum trace element concentrations studied with echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that heart failure is associated with lower Se and Zn concentrations, and higher Cu concentration, and serum Se, Zn and Cu element profiles were similar in IDCM and ICM.     

冠心病患者氧化低密度脂蛋白与微量元素水平的关系

目的：探讨冠心病患者机体微量元素代谢改变与氧化低密度脂蛋白之间的关系。方法：测定６０例冠心病患者（冠心病组）及３６例正常人（正常对照组）的血浆氧化低密度脂蛋白（ＯＸＬＤＬ）和血清锌、硒、铜等１３种元素及血清铜蓝蛋白（ＣＰ）、铁蛋白（ＳＦ）、脂质、脂蛋白水平，各检测指标与ＯＸＬＤＬ行直线相关分析及多因素逐步回归分析。结果：冠心病组血浆ＯＸＬＤＬ、血清甘油三酯（ＴＧ）、低密度脂蛋白、铜、铜蓝蛋白、铁蛋白、铜／锌水平显著高于正常对照组，血清硒、锌、高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬＣ）、铬水平显著低于正常对照组。直线相关分析表明甘油三酯、铜、铜蓝蛋白、铜／锌与ＯＸＬＤＬ呈显著正相关，而ＨＤＬＣ、硒、锌与ＯＸＬＤＬ呈显著负相关。多因素逐步回归分析表明硒、锌、铜、铁可影响低密度脂蛋白的氧化。结论：铁、铜可能促进ＯＸＬＤＬ的形成，硒、锌对低密度脂蛋白的氧化可能起保护作用     

血清微量元素变化对肝硬化骨代谢异常的影响及病理学改变

为探讨血清微量元素变化对肝硬化骨代谢异常的影响及病理学改变。采用原子吸收分光光度计等方法分别测定 32例肝硬化患者铜 (Cu)、锌 (Zn)、硒 (Se)、镉 (Cd)、铝 (Al)水平 ,并与 31例健康者对照。其中 17例患者及 12例健康者行骨组织学观察。结果表明 ,肝硬化组血清Zn、Se水平较对照组明显下降 (P <0 0 0 1,P <0 0 1) ,而血清Cd、Al水平明显升高 (P <0 0 0 1,P <0 0 0 1)。组织学发现 14例骨质疏松 (OP) ,OP发生率为 82 35 %。OP患者重度组血清Zn、Se水平较轻度组明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,而血清Cd、Al水平显著升高 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 1)。提示肝硬化患者血清Zn、Se、Cd、Al存在明显异常 ,在肝性骨病 (HBD)的形成过程中均起着不可忽视的作用。适当补充Zn、Se ,而减少Cd、Al摄入 ,对HBD的防治将产生有益作用     

Maternal-foetal status of copper,iron, molybdenum,selenium and zinc in obese gestational diabetic pregnancies

Obesity is well known to be a contributory risk factor for several disease states, including diabetes mellitus. Paucity of data on maternal-foetal status of essential trace elements in obese diabetic pregnancies prompted us to undertake this study. Maternal venous and umbilical arterial and venous blood samples were collected from obese gestational diabetic patients (Body Mass Index (BMI) >30) and control obese pregnant women (BMI>30) at time of spontaneous delivery or caesarean sections and concentrations of essential trace elements such as Cu, Fe, Mo, Se and Zn were determined in various samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and total antioxidant (TAO) in maternal and umbilical blood were assessed using appropriate reagent kits. Maternal-foetal disposition and exchange parameters of elements studied were assessed using established criteria. Concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mo, Se and Zn in serum of control obese pregnant women (n=10) averaged 2404, 2663, 11.0, 89.0 and 666 μg/l respectively, while in the obese diabetic group (n=11), the corresponding values averaged 2441, 2580, 13.3, 85.1 and 610 μg/l respectively. Activities of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD, GPX and TAO were not significantly different in maternal veins of control and diabetic groups. Varying differences were noted in the case of antioxidant enzyme activities in umbilical blood samples of control and study groups. We conclude that obesity is not associated with significant alterations in antioxidant enzyme status in gestational diabetes and only with relatively minor alterations in status of some essential trace elements.     

Concentration of elements in plasma of patients with essential hypertension

Disturbances in macro- and microelements composition may play a significant role in the development of essential hypertension. The aim of the study was to estimate main and trace elements concentration in plasma of hypertensive patients. The study involved 150 subjects, aged 33-60 years, who were allotted into 2 groups: I--50 clinically healthy subjects (controls), II--100 patients with arterial hypertension. Age and sex ratio were similar in the examined groups. Those subjected to the study were not administered any drugs at least 3 months prior to the determination of macro- and microelements. Determinations of trace elements Ca, F, Na, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Ni, Mo, Al, Cd, Fb, Mu, Se, Cr, Co, Li, V, B, Ba, were performed with atomic emission spectrometer with plasmic excitation (ICP MS Philips PU). In group II in comparison to group I (controls) higher values of Fe, Pb, Al, Cd, Co, B i Ba were observed, as well as higher Zn/Cu ratio; but lower values of Cu and lower Ca/Pb, Ca/Al, Zn/Fe, Se/Fe, Zn/Al, Zn/Cd, Se/Pb, Se/Al, Se/Cd ratio. Increase of prooxidative and decrease,of antioxidative elements in plasma may significantly contribute to the essential hypertension pathogenesis probably through oxidative stress development.     

Alterations of serum antioxidant trace elements (Se,Zn and Cu) status in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis

ObjectiveTo assess the serum antioxidant trace elements selenium (Se), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) in cutaneous leishmaniasis patients.MethodsIn this study, serum Se, Zn and Cu was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry in patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (n=95). The values were statistically compared between patients and control group (n=100) using One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA).ResultsOur results showed that there was a significant difference in the values of Se and Zn between two groups (P<0.000 1 and P<0.01, respectively). Meanwhile, no significant difference in level of Cu was observed between patients and healthy subjects (P>0.05). Se and Zn levels were found to be (4.33±1.06) and (70.23±19.12) μg/dL in cutaneous leishmaniasis cases, and these values were found statistically lower compared to the controls (11.10±2.37) and (119.61±26.18) μg/dL, respectively.ConclusionsThe observations that host products are released from stimulated leukocytes and could induce metabolic changes similar to an acute-phase response revealed an endocrine role for the immune system. Characteristic changes in trace-mineral metabolism are an integral part of the acute-phase response. The changes are usually reflected in decreased serum Se and Zn concentrations.     

Metabolic profile of oxidative stress and trace elements in febrile seizures among children

Febrile seizures (FS) are frequent convulsive disorders, occurring in infants and young children. The present study aims to assess and compare the serum levels of oxidative stress markers and some essential trace minerals in FS with normal or abnormal EEG and evaluate the effect of antioxidant therapy on the clinical outcome. This study has been carried out on 80 children with FS (40 with simple FS and 40 with complex FS) and 40 febrile children without seizures. Clinical and EEG findings were recorded for the included patients. Biochemical assays of serum nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), using colorimetric methods, were measured in the studied groups. The overall results showed an increased values of NO, MDA and Cu with decreased values of SOD, Zn and Se in patients with FS (simple and complex) in comparison with febrile children without seizures (p?<?0.05 for all). Additionally, NO and MDA was increased in complex FS patients with EEG abnormalities in comparison with complex FS with normal EEG findings (p?<?0.05); NO and MDA were also significantly decreased after valproate therapy in complex FS patients (p?<?0.05 for all). In conclusions, oxidative stress, decreased Zn and Se with increased Cu may play a role in FS. Valproate improves the oxidative stress status in complex FS.     

Association of Increased Indoleamine 2, 3‐Dioxygenase With Impaired Natural Killer Cell Activity in Hemodialysis Patients

Indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase (IDO) suppresses adaptive immune response. However, there was no study to examine whether IDO activity is associated with immune parameters in dialysis patients. In this study, we estimated serum IDO activity by the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (KTR), and compared KTR with natural killer (NK) cell activity, soluble interleukin‐2 receptor (sIL‐2R) and serum levels of trace elements such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) that affect T‐cell function in 28 hemodialysis (HD) patients (age: 72 ± 13 years old, time on HD: 79 ± 89 months). NK cell activity was decreased in 35.7% of the patients. KTR values were almost 10‐times higher in HD patients (380.81 ± 385.46 mM/M) than those in the referred controls (32.9 ± 9.10 mM/M). KTR was lower in patients with impaired NK cell activity than those without (279 ± 111 vs. 565 ± 603 mM/M, P = 0.07). There was no relationship between KTR and sIL‐2R and Zn, while KTR was significantly and negatively correlated with serum Se levels that can impair cellular immunity (r = ?0.41, P < 0.05). Our findings suggest that increased IDO activity with Se deficiency may be associated with impaired NK cell function in HD patients.