可切除大肝癌TACE后手术切除标本的病理研究(英文)

目的探讨可切除大肝癌 TACE 后手术切除标本的病理改变及其意义。方法 2002年1月～2003年1月收治的83例可切除大肝癌患者随机分成术前 TACE 组(36例)与一期手术组(47例),术前 TACE组31例二期切除(二期手术组),5例失去手术切除机会,78例术后病理均证实为肝细胞癌。对比两组标本间主瘤、包膜、子灶、癌栓、肝硬化等病理情况。结果 TACE 组除较一期手术组肿瘤坏死广泛、包膜更完整外,两组间子灶及门脉癌栓发生率、肝外浸润转移无显著差异;TACE 组TACE 后肿瘤体积缩小并不显著,子灶、门脉癌栓完全坏死者少,肝硬化加重。结论可切除大肝癌术前 TACE 不能使肿瘤完全坏死,部分患者耽误手术时机,应严格选择应用。     

原发性肝癌TACE术后与肺转移

目的探讨原发性肝癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)后发生肺转移的机制。方法回顾分析25例TACE术后患者的病历资料,发现肺转移15例;对转移患者的年龄、转移时间、生存时间、X线(胸片及CT)改变、心理因素做总结分析。结果TACE术后肺转移发生率为60.0%,且以年轻者为多见,知情者有严重的抑郁心理。结论年轻者易发生肺转移,严重的抑郁是促使其死亡的重要因素;多数死亡原因为肝肺功能衰竭。     

可切除大肝癌TACE后手术切除标本的病理研究

To investigate pathological changes in surgically excised specimens from resectable large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE ) and their significance. From January 2002 to January 2003, 83 patients with resectable large HCC were randomized into two groups: group A, 36 patients who underwent preoperative TACE, and group B, 47 patients who underwent one-stage operation without TACE. Hepatectomy was performed in 31 patients of group A (two-stage operation group) and 47 patients of group B (one-stage operation group). The remaining 5 patients in group A were not operable. The diagnosis of HCC was pathologically confirmed in all 78 patients after hepatectomy. Pathological changes of the excised specimens between the two groups were compared, including main tumors, capsular containment, daughter nodules, tumor thrombi and liver cirrhosis. There were no significant differences in the incidence of daughter nodules, portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT) and extrahepatic metastasis between the two groups, but the area of main tumor necrosis was more extensive and the rate of encapsulation was higher in two-stage operation group than those in one-stage operation group. No significant shrinkage in the average tumor size was seen in two-stage operation group, where daughter nodules and PVTT necrosis were less, and liver cirrhosis was more serious. Preoperative TACE for resectable large HCC should be used on the basis of strict selection because it does not provide complete tumor necrosis and may result in delayed surgery in some cases.     

切除术前、后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗对巨块型肝癌预后的影响

目的：研究术前和术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗对肿瘤直径为8cm以上的巨块型肝癌病人切除术后的影响。方法：采用病例对照研究的方法,将 本所1995－1998年的病例资料,用Kaplan-Meier方法研究单纯切除术病人,术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗,术前辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗病人生存曲线。Log-rank方法比较各生存曲线的差别。结果：单纯切除组病人、术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗、和术前辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗病人的中位生存期分别为17．0月,33．0月,和49．0月（P＝0．011）。结论：提示术前辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗效果优于术后辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗的结果。对于肿瘤直径在8cm的肝癌,应该在术前或术后给予辅助性肝动脉栓塞化疗。     

肝动脉栓塞合并Ⅱ期切除肝癌的病理及复发因素研究

肝癌的临床治疗近40年来取得了三个飞跃，即大肝癌手术切除、小肝癌手术切除及不能手术切除的中、晚期肝癌综合治疗后再切除，采用Seldinger技术，经股动脉插管，将导管超选择插入肝固有动脉或左、右肝动脉注入化疗药物及栓塞剂治疗中、晚期肝癌是目前公认的首选治疗方法。经一或几次治疗后，肿瘤体积缩小，肿瘤组织缺血坏死，抑制了肿瘤组织产生的机体毒素，使病人临床症状缓解，生活质量提高及机体免疫能力又得到培植，部分患者获得了Ⅱ期手术切除机会。1991年7月至1995年7月我们行肝动脉栓塞（TAE）治疗肝癌中有28例得以Ⅱ期手术切除，…     

TACE及手术切除治疗肝癌破裂出血疗效观察

目的:探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)及手术切除治疗肝癌破裂出血的临床价值。方法:对我院30例肝癌破裂出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析,其中经TACE治疗21例、手术切除9例以及TACE后再手术切除10例。结果:经TACE治疗21例,其中1例患者因肝功能欠佳,治疗后两个月死于肝功能衰竭。10例患者1月后进行II期手术。单纯TACE治疗患者术后1年存活率为27.3%(3/11),10例经TACE治疗后II期手术患者1年存活率为70.0%(7/10),9例行Ⅰ期手术切除的患者中,死亡1例,发生腹腔种植转移者5例,术后1年存活率为44.4%(4/9)。TACE治疗后行II期手术患者治疗明显高于单纯TACE治疗患者(P<0.01)及I期手术切除患者(P<0.05)。结论:TACE治疗肝癌破裂出血安全、迅速,TACE治疗后行手术切除可显著降低肿瘤腹腔种植转移率,提高患者生存率。     

中晚期肝癌切除术后肝动脉栓塞术的研究

肝动脉化疗栓塞术（ＴＡＥ）已广泛应用于治疗中晚期肝癌,我们还应用于中晚期肝癌切除术后的治疗,最近我们发展到采用肝段动脉栓塞术,疗效不断提高,现报道如下。１临床资料１９９０年６月至１９９６年５月我科收治了中晚期肝癌切除术后５７例,其中男５２例,女５例,年龄１７～６４岁,３９例经ＣＴ检查肿瘤直径６～１６．５ｃｍ,平均８．６ｃｍ,其中肝内单个结节２３例,２个８例,３个或３个以上８例;１５例切除术后拟残癌存在;３例ＣＴ检查未见占位病灶,但ＡＦＰ显著升高。ＴＮＭ分期：Ⅰ期１８例、Ⅱ期２８例、Ⅲ期１１例。肝…     

原发性肝癌经TACE术后并发肺转移13例临床分析

目的:探讨原发性肝癌行导管肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)术后肺转移的发生原因及治疗方法。方法:13例患者根据不同情况分别行再次栓塞及复方苦参注射液静脉滴注治疗。对胸腔积液增多、气急明显患者行胸腔闭式引流术及配合清蛋白等支持治疗。结果:再次栓塞患者生存6个月~12个月,中成药静脉滴注者3个月~ 5个月死亡,支持治疗者1个月~ 2个月死亡。结论:TACE术后并发肺转移行经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞加支气管动脉灌注化疗,是积极有效的方法。     

TACE术后全身化疗治疗肝癌临床观察

经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术 (TACE)是目前公认的对不能切除的原发性肝癌首选治疗方法之一 ,但仍有相当一部分患者疗效不佳 ,原因之一是未能解决肿瘤细胞完全坏死 ,而门静脉参与肿瘤供血 ,同时发现肝癌也有丰富的肝外供血 ,不可忽视 [1 ] 。因此 ,我科进行了 TACE术后全身化疗 ,可望提高疗效。1　资料与方法1.1　临床资料　 1996年 1月— 2 0 0 1年1月 ,治疗 1疗程 (3次介入为 1疗程 )或者 1疗程以上者 ,共 10 0例 ,男性 86例 ,女性 14例 ,年龄在 38岁～ 74岁 ,平均年龄 5 6岁。全组病例术前均经临床生化检查、AFP、CT、腹部彩超、肝穿活…     

免VX2肝癌TACE前后MRDWI与病理对照研究

目的:本研究利用兔VX2肝癌模型,探讨肝癌化疗栓塞后MR弥散加权成像及病理表现,为肝癌化疗栓塞后的疗效评价提供理论基础.方法:新西兰大白兔15只,制成VX2肿瘤模型.随机分为3组.分别为TACE术前、术后三天、术后一周组.种植3周,进行肝动脉化疗栓塞.采用sendinger穿刺技术,将3F微导管超选入肿瘤供血动脉,注射碘油、MMC(1mg)及表阿霉素(1mg)混合物0.5～1mL.至碘油沉积良好、肿瘤血管消失停止.各组在TACE术前、术后三天、术后一周分别进行MR弥散加权成像.DWI采用单次激发平面回波成像序列,弥散因子b值取0s/mm~2和300s/mm~2,TR 6000ms,TE 49ms,FOV 150mm,层厚3mm,层间距0mm,矩阵112×112,重建矩阵256×256,翻转角90°,扫描时间2分36秒,NSA为6次.成像之后动物处死,切取肝脏肿瘤组织块,进行HE染色、病理观察.结果:化疗栓塞前,MR DWI可见高信号肿瘤灶.光镜下肿瘤组织细胞体积增大,胞浆丰富,淡红染色,核肥大,核分裂像多见,可见少量坏死,周边区和中央区未见明显区别.栓塞后3天,肝左叶肿瘤DWI上为高信号区,出现斑片状低信号区.光镜下出现大量核碎裂、核溶解,肿瘤坏死较多.栓塞后1周,在DWI上低信号的坏死区增加.光镜下核碎裂、核溶解、肿瘤坏死增多.结论:MR弥散加权成像与病理表现一致,较好地体现了肝癌化疗栓塞后的转归.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效

目的探讨肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合射频消融（RFA）治疗中晚期肝癌的临床疗效。方法62例具有介入治疗指征的中晚期肝癌患者随机均分为2组,对照组31例单独行TACE治疗,观察组31例行TACE联合RFA治疗。比较观察2组的临床疗效及AFP水平。结果观察组总有效率为87．1％,高于对照组的51．6％（P〈0．05）。观察组术后AFP水平明显低于对照组（P〈0．05）。随访24个月各时期的生存率观察组均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论TACE联合RFA治疗中晚期肝癌安全、可靠,可提高患者生存率,延长患者生存时间,疗效优于单独应用TACE。     

微导管亚肝段栓塞技术在小肝癌中的应用评价

[目的]探讨微导管亚肝段栓塞治疗小肝癌的价值。[方法]16例小于3cm的小肝癌,用微导管行亚肝段动脉栓塞,4例联合无水酒精消融,4例手术切除。治疗后定期复查CT和AFP,4例手术切除后病理分析。[结果]摇栓塞后1个月CT复查病灶直径缩小1/2以上6例,缩小1/3以上8例,其中14例AFP定量升高的病例治疗后降至正常6例,明显下降4例,4例下降不明显。2个月复查病灶缩小1/2以上增至9例。对4例AFP降低不明显者,施加经皮无水酒精注射(PEI)治疗,术后1个月复查病灶和AFP均有明显缩小和降低。另有4例栓塞1个月后手术切除,病理检查显示病灶内癌细胞完全坏死3例,1例病灶边缘有少许存活癌细胞。[结论]微导管亚肝段栓塞技术能有效阻断肿瘤血供,使病灶缩小和AFP降低,并能绝大部分杀灭癌细胞。对肿瘤缩小、AFP下降不明显的患者,PEI是一个有效的补充治疗。     

肝癌介入治疗的一些体会

本文就肝癌介入治疗中一些有争议的问题如碘油用量,化疗药物用量、疗效评价、肝癌合并AVS、APVS的治疗、老年肝癌的介入治疗、DSA在肝癌诊断上的意义等结合文献进行讨论,并结合作者的临床实践提出一些自己的心得。     

恩度肝动脉灌注联合介入化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌的临床观察

目的: 探讨恩度肝动脉灌注联合介入化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌的疗效及安全性。 方法: 选取30例中晚期肝癌患者入组研究,均给予恩度肝动脉灌注联合介入化疗栓塞治疗,同时选取30例中晚期肝癌患者作为对照组,仅行介入化疗栓塞治疗。于1～2个治疗周期后比较RECIST疗效,甲胎蛋白转阴率及生活质量评分,同时比较治疗副作用。 结果: 实验组30例患者中29例可评价疗效。实验组治疗后K氏评分显著升高(80.39±8.37Vs73.93±9.22,P=0.002);恩度治疗组的治疗有效率及甲胎蛋白转阴率显著高于对照组(P=0.021,P=0.046)。治疗副作用轻微。 结论: 采用恩度肝动脉灌注联合介入化疗栓塞治疗中晚期肝癌,患者生活质量及近期疗效提升明显,甲胎蛋白转阴率亦有明显改善,而治疗相关副作用不大,值得临床推广及进一步研究。     

Nausea and Vomiting after Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Incidence and Risk Factor Analysis

Background: Nausea and vomiting after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellularcarcinoma (HCC) are common in clinical practice, but few studies have reported the incidence and risk factorsof such events. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence and risk factors of nausea andvomiting after TACE for HCC. Methods: This study was a single-center retrospective analysis of a prospectivelymaintained database. Between May 2010 and October 2012, 150 patients with HCC were analyzed for incidenceand preprocedural risk factors. Results: The incidence of postembolization nausea and vomiting was 38.8%and 20.9%, respectively, in patients with HCC. Patients who developed nausea had lower levels (<100 IU/L)of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared to those without nausea (123.04 ± 69.38 vs. 167.41 ± 138.95,respectively, p=0.044). Female gender correlated to a higher incidence of nausea as well (p=0.024). Patients whodeveloped vomiting, compared to those who did not, also had lower levels (<100 IU/L) of serum ALP (112.52 ±62.63 vs. 160.10 ± 127.80, respectively, p=0.010), and serum alanine transferase (ALT) (35.61 ± 22.87 vs. 44.97± 29.62, respectively, p=0.045). There were no statistical significances in the incidences of nausea and vomitingbetween male patients over 50 years old and female patients who have entered menopause (p=0.051 and p=0.409,respectively). Multivariate analysis by logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female gender and ALP>100IU/L were the most independent predictive factors of postembolization nausea (odds ratio (OR): 3.271, 95%CI: 1.176-9.103, p=0.023 and OR: 0.447, 95% CI: 0.216-0.927, p=0.030, respectively). ALP>100 IU/L was alsothe most independent predictive risk factor of postembolization vomiting (OR: 0.389, 95% CI: 0.159-0.952,p=0.039). Conclusions: Postembolizaiton nausea and vomiting are common in patients with HCC. Recognitionof the risk factors presented above before TACE is important for early detection and proper management ofpostembolization nausea and vomiting. Nevertheless, future studies are required.     

Health-Related Quality of Life of Patients with Intermediate Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Liver Resection or Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization

Background: The aim of our present study was to compare quality of life (QoL) between intermediate-stage(BCLC-B) HCC patients who had undergone either liver resection or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE). Materials and Methods: A total of 102 intermediate-stage HCC patients participated in our study,including 58 who had undergone liver resection and 44 who had undergone TACE. Baseline demographiccharacteristics, tumor characteristics, and long-term outcomes, such as tumor recurrence, were compared andanalyzed. QoL was assessed using the Short Form (SF)-36 health survey questionnaire with the mental andphysical component scales (SF-36 MCS and PCS). This questionnaire was filled out at HCC diagnosis and 1,3, 6, 12, 24 months after surgery. Results: For the preoperative QoL evaluation, the 8 domains related to QoLwere comparable between the two groups. The PCS and MCS scores were significantly decreased in both theTACE and resection groups at1 month after surgery, and this decrease was greater in the resection group.These scores were significantly lower in the resection group compared with the TACE group (P<0.05). However,these differences disappeared at 3 and 6 months following surgery. One year after surgery, the resection groupshowed much higher PCS scores than the TACE patients (P=0.018), and at 2 years after surgery, the PCS andMCS scores for the resection group were significantly higher than those for the TACE group (P<0.05). Elevenpatients (19.0%) in the resection group and 17 (38.6%) in the TACE group suffered HCC recurrence (P<0.05).Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated that tumor recurrence (HR=1.211, 95%CI: 1.086-1.415, P=0.012)was a significant risk factor for poorpostoperative QoL in the HCC patients.Conclusions: Due to its effectson reducing HCC recurrence and improving long-term QoL, liver resection should be the first choice for thetreatment of patients with intermediate-stage HCC.     

Prognostic Significance of Tumor Growth Rate (TGR) in Patients with Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization

The prognostic value of the tumor growth rate (TGR) in huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HHCC) patients treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) as an initial treatment remains unclear. This two-center retrospective study was conducted in 97 patients suffering from HHCC. Demographic characteristics, oncology characteristics, and some serological markers were collected for analysis. The TGR was significantly linear and associated with the risk of death when applied to restricted cubic splines. The optimal cut-off value of TGR was −8.6%/month, and patients were divided into two groups according to TGR. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the high-TGR group had a poorer prognosis. TGR (hazard ratio (HR), 2.06; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23–3.43; p = 0.006), presence of portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) (HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.13–3.27; p = 0.016), and subsequent combination therapy (HR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.35–0.99; p = 0.047) were independent predictors of OS in the multivariate analysis. The model with TGR was superior to the model without TGR in the DCA analysis. Patients who underwent subsequent combination therapy showed a longer survival in the high-TGR group. This study demonstrated that higher TGR was associated with a worse prognosis in patients with HHCC. These findings will distinguish patients who demand more personalized combination therapy and rigorous surveillance.     

Quality of Life after Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization Combined with Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Compared with Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization alone

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess quality of life (QoL) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) compared to TACE plus radiofrequency ablation (RFA) done at the same sitting, and to assess tumor therapy response after these 2 palliative interventions. Methods: 73 patients with unresectable HCC (BCLC-B) were included. Patients with tumor ≤ 5 cm were subjected to TACE (N = 45) while patients with tumors > 5 cm were subjected to TACE followed immediately by RFA (N = 28). QoL was evaluated with two validated questionnaires (EORTC QLQ-30 and EORTC HCC18). These questionnaires were filled out before intervention, 2 weeks and 2 months after intervention. Pre/post interventional changes were analyzed. The modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumor (mRECIST) were employed for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy. Results: Baseline global health status/QoL was significantly higher in TACE group (64.1%) compared to TACE-RFA group (51.2%). Two weeks after intervention: the absolute decrease in global health state was higher in TACE-RFA (- 12.1%) compared to TACE (- 6.3%, p = 0.411). Less impairment was found in TACE group compared to TACE-RFA group for physical/social functioning, fatigue and pain but it was statistically insignificant. Two months after intervention; TACE-RFA group showed significant improvement in global health score, social and physical functioning scores, as well as significant improvement in pain and fatigue compared to TACE group. The therapeutic efficacy of TACE-RFA was better than TACE alone: complete remission, partial remission, stable disease and progressive disease were 17.9%, 32.1%, 42.9% and 7.1% Vs11.1%, 22.2%, 48.9% and 17.8%, respectively). Conclusion: Neither TACE nor TACE-RFA showed a significant decrease in QoL in patients with unresectable HCC two weeks after intervention. However, two months after intervention; TACE-RFA showed significant improvement in global health score compared to TACE monotherapy. TACE-RFA appeared safe, effective and more favorable than TACE monotherapy.