肺癌患者CD4+CD25high Foxp3+调节性T细胞的格局变化及意义

目的：研究肺癌患者外周血（PBMC）及肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TIL）中CD4^＋ CD25^high Foxp3^＋调节性T细胞（Treg）的比例改变，探讨其在抗肿瘤免疫中的调节作用。方法：分离肺癌患者PBMC及TIL，FACS分析CD4^＋／CD8^＋T细胞的比值及CD4^＋ CD25^highT细胞占CD4^＋T细胞的比例。Real-time PCR检测Treg特异性转录因子Foxp3基因在PBMC及TIL中的表达。结果：肺癌患者PBMC及TIL中CD4^＋／CD8^＋比值降低；而CD4^＋ CD25^high T细胞在CD4^＋T细胞中所占比例升高；Foxp3基因仅在TIL中高表达，而在PBMC中低或不表达，表明肿瘤局部的CD4^＋ CD25^high T细胞主要是CD4^＋ CD25^high Foxp3^＋ Treg。结合临床资料分析显示Treg在肺腺癌比例较高。结论：CD4^＋ CD25^high Foxp3^＋ Treg在肺癌患者肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞中明显升高，可能与其通过细胞与细胞间接触抑制CD8^＋T细胞的杀伤效应，最终发挥免疫抑制效应相关。     

免疫磁珠两步法分离小鼠脾脏CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞

体外分离CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(CD4+CD25+Treg)并进行初步鉴定.用磁性细胞分离器(MiniMACS)分离CD4+CD25+Treg细胞,流式细胞术(flow cytometry,FCM)分析细胞纯度和Foxp3蛋白表达,体外检测细胞因子.MACS分离的CD4+CD25+Treg细胞纯度大于90%,细胞存活率大于93%,并且特异性表达Foxp3蛋白,体外能抑制CD4+CD25-Treg分泌IFN-γ,同时CD4+CD25+Treg能分泌抑制性细胞因子TGF-β1、IL-10.结果显示,通过MACS可分离高纯度、高活性的CD4+CD25+Treg细胞.     

香烟烟雾提取物抑制树突状细胞诱导CD4~+T细胞分化为CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞

目的探讨香烟烟雾提取物(CSE)暴露及抑制CD40-CD40L路径对小鼠髓源性树突状细胞(BMDC)诱导CD4~+T细胞分化为CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞(Treg)的影响。方法使用40 ng/m L重组小鼠粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(rm GM-CSF)和10 ng/m L重组小鼠白细胞介素4(rm IL-4)联合诱导无特定病原体级健康雄性BALB/c小鼠骨髓来源的单个核细胞分化为树突状细胞(DC),流式细胞术检测小鼠BMDC表面CD40分子的表达,再采用免疫磁珠分选的方法从BALB/c小鼠脾脏细胞分离出CD4~+T细胞。将所培养出的小鼠BMDC与正常对照组小鼠脾脏细胞分选的CD4~+T细胞共培养,加入CSE及拮抗性CD40抗体,作用24 h;流式细胞术观察各组细胞CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg的变化,液相芯片技术检测细胞上清液白细胞介素10(IL-10)、IL-6的水平。结果 BMDC与CD4~+T淋巴细胞共培养可以促进CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg分化,经CSE刺激后,流式细胞术检测显示小鼠BMDC与CD4~+T细胞共培养后分化的CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg数量降低,细胞上清液IL-10降低、IL-6的水平升高;而加入拮抗性CD40抗体细胞共培养组CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg增加,液相芯片检测细胞上清液IL-10上升、IL-6的水平下降。结论 CSE减少CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg数量,体外使用拮抗性抗CD40抗体阻断CD40-CD40L通路可以促进CD4~+T细胞分化为CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+Treg。     

宫颈癌患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞及血清中IL-10、TGF-β的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨宫颈癌患者外周血CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+调节性T淋巴细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)、T淋巴细胞亚群以及血清IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2细胞因子的表达及其临床意义.方法 选取32例宫颈癌患者和24位健康体检者为研究对象,采用流式细胞术检测受试者外周血中CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比例、T淋巴细胞亚群细胞比例;采用ELISA方法检测血清中细胞因子IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2的含量.结果 与健康对照组相比,宫颈癌组外周血中CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比值明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),T淋巴细胞亚群(CD3+、CD4+、CD8+、CD4 +/CD8+、CD19+)比例差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),血清IL-10含量明显增高,TGF-β2含量明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),TGF-β1的含量差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);宫颈癌组手术后、化疗后CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比例,血清IL-10、TGF-β1、TGF-β2含量均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+Treg与TGF-β1之间存在正相关(r=0.673,P＜0.01).结论宫颈癌患者CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg占CD4+T淋巴细胞的比值增高,且与TGF-B1含量呈正相关,可能在宫颈癌的肿瘤发生发展及肿瘤免疫逃逸中起着重要作用.     

初发系统性红斑狼疮患者外周血CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+和CD4~+CD25~-Foxp3~+T细胞

目的：研究初发系统性红斑狼疮患者（Systemic lupus elythematosus，SLE）外周血CD4^＋T细胞中CD25和Foxp3表达及其在SLE发病中的意义。方法：根据SLE疾病活动积分（SLEDAI）将初发SLE患者分为活动组（10例）和不活动组（11例），流式细胞仪检测治疗前后外周血CD4^＋T细胞中CD25、Foxp3和CD127表达百分率，并对其与SLE临床活动度、尿蛋白、补体和anti-ds-DNA相关性进行研究。结果：初发活动组和不活动组SLE患者CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋T细胞表达百分率分别为（1．91％～6．75％）和（2．74％～7．01％），与正常对照（2．11％～9．90％）相比没有统计学差异（P=0．524，P=0．794）；且初发SLE患者外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋T细胞在体外增殖反应和增殖抑制功能与正常对照相比无明显差别（P=0．174，P=0．689）；外周血CD4^＋CD25^-Foxp3^＋T细胞百分率在初发活动组（3．71％～10．94％）和不活动组（2．97％～7．69％）SLE患者均比正常对照（1．01％～3．62％）显著增高（P〈0．01和P〈0．01）；而CD4^＋CD2^＋Foxp34^-T百分率在初发活动组SLE患者（1．19％～9．23％）显著低于正常对照（2．67％～11．26％）和初发不活动组SLE患者（3．73～8．27％）（P=0．039，P=0．048）；与CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋T细胞类似，90％左右的CD4^＋CD25一Foxp3^＋T细胞不表达或低表达CD127，其百分率与anti-ds-DNA浓度呈正相关，且尽管未达到统计学意义，但激素和免疫抑制治疗后其水平下降。结论：初发未经治疗的SLE患者CD4^＋CD25^＋Foxp3^＋T细胞数量和功能无明显异常，而CD4^＋CD25^-Foxp3^＋T细胞数量增多，与SLE疾病活动相关，可能具有调节功能。     

CD4~+CD25~+Foxp3~+调节性T细胞与LSCC发病的相关研究

为研究调节性T细胞在喉鳞状细胞癌(laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma,LSCC)、发展中的变化及其参与疾病进展的作用机制,收集2010～2011年上海市五官科医院收治的50例LSCC患者的肿瘤组织和外周血,应用流式细胞术检测CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞及趋化因子受体CCR6的表达变化,Real-time PCR法检测转录因子Foxp3以及细胞因子mRNA的表达量。结果发现:LSCC患者外周血中CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg的百分比较正常人显著增加,并与临床分期相关;CD4+CD25+CCR6+Treg Foxp3的表达,以及肿瘤组织Foxp3mRNA的表达皆明显高于对照组,且与临床分期、淋巴结转移相关。同时发现,LSCC患者外周血中TGF-β和IL-10mRNA的检出水平分别高于对照组,但IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-12mRNA的水平低于对照组。提示此类Foxp3+Treg属于一类诱导性T抑制细胞(Foxp3+iTreg),可通过产生IL-10和TGF-β抑制LSCC患者的细胞免疫功能。Foxp3的检测可能对判断LSCC的预后有一定价值。     

大鼠CD4+ CD25+ T调节细胞的分离培养及其功能分析

目的:研究大鼠CD4 CD25 T调节细胞(Tr)的分离培养,并对其功能进行初步分析。方法:无菌条件下切取大鼠脾脏分离脾淋巴细胞。用免疫磁珠细胞分离系统(MACS)分选CD4 CD25 T细胞,并以流式细胞术检测其纯度后,对其进行扩增。采用混合淋巴细胞反应研究CD4 CD25 Tr细胞对CD4 CD25-T细胞的免疫抑制作用。用ELISA法检测培养上清中IL-2、IFN-γ及IL-10水平的差异。结果:MACS分离的CD4 CD25 T细胞的纯度达86%~93%。该细胞与CD4 CD25-T细胞相比能特异性地表达Foxp3基因。体外培养中能明显抑制效应T细胞增殖及其分泌IFN-γ、IL-2,但其自身能分泌Th2型细胞因子IL-10。结论:采用MACS系统阴性加阳性分选,可高效快速的获得理想纯度和免疫抑制功能的大鼠CD4 CD25 T调节细胞,该细胞对CD4 CD25-T细胞具有明显的免疫抑制作用,并能特异性的表达Foxp3基因。     

FBL3细胞在小鼠体内外诱导CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞增殖的实验研究

目的：通过小鼠体内外实验观察肿瘤细胞是否可以诱导CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg的分化增殖。方法：将小鼠的红白血病瘤细胞系FBL3接种于C57BL/6小鼠腹壁皮下,流式细胞仪检测小鼠外周血、脾脏及瘤组织CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞含量,RT-PCR检测小鼠脾脏及瘤组织Foxp3 mRNA的表达;体外实验检测FBL3细胞培养上清液对小鼠脾脏CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞的作用。结果：荷瘤鼠外周血CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg比例与正常鼠比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,但荷瘤鼠脾脏CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg比例显著高于正常对照（P〈0.01）,荷瘤小鼠脾脏组织Foxp3 mRNA的表达量明显增加;体外实验表明FBL3培养上清液促使CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞比例增高,并诱导Foxp3 mRNA表达增加。结论：FBL3细胞及其分泌的可溶性物质能诱导CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg细胞的增殖,说明是肿瘤的发生促进了CD4^＋CD25^＋Treg增高。     

Lewis肺癌细胞通过TLR9对CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞影响的研究

目的:本研究以Lewis肺癌细胞为研究对象,探讨肿瘤细胞通过TLRs对CD4+CD25+Treg细胞的影响。方法:我们采用流式细胞术检测了Lewis肺癌细胞与脾淋巴细胞共培养系统中CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量变化;通过RT-PCR方法检测了共培养对Foxp3和TLR1-9mRNA表达的影响;采用TLR9受体阻断剂氯喹阻断Lewis肺癌TLR9的表达。结果:与对照组相比,共培养组CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量及Foxp3 mRNA表达均明显增高(P0.05);Lewis肺癌细胞与淋巴细胞共培养后可影响多种TLRs表达,其中TLR9 mRNA表达与对照组相比明显增高(P0.05),阻断Lewis肺癌细胞TLR9可明显降低CD4+CD25+Treg细胞数量及Foxp3 mRNA表达(P0.05)。结论:Lewis肺癌细胞可通过TLR9促进CD4+CD25+Treg细胞产生及功能增强,参与诱导肿瘤的免疫耐受,从而促进肿瘤的发生和发展。     

妊娠浓度的雌激素对诱导CD4~+CD25~-naive T细胞转化为CD4~+CD25~+Treg细胞的影响

目的 体外观察妊娠浓度的雌激素能否诱导CD4+CD25-naiveT细胞转化为CD+CD25+Treg细胞,并探讨其相关性.方法 以CD4+CD25-T细胞作为反应细胞,实验组加入妊娠水平的雌激素(E2)及CD3/CD28单抗作为刺激原培养72 h,设阴性对照组(仅加入CD3/CD28单抗)和空白对照组.72 h后检测各组中CD4+CD25+T细胞和CD4+Foxp+T细胞比例变化及Foxp3 mRNA表达.结果 1)阴性对照组CD+CD25+T细胞比例较空白对照组显著增高(P＜0.001),而实验组CD4+CD25+T细胞比例进一步升高(P＜0.001).2)阴性对照组不能诱导CD4+Foxp+T细胞比例增高,但实验组CD4+Foxp3+T细胞的比例则较其它2组均显著升高(P＜0.001).3)RT-PCR提示阴性对照组Foxp3 mRNA的表达量较空白对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05);而实验组F0xp3 mRNA的表达昔较其它2组均显著升高(P＜0.001).结论 体外淋巴细胞刺激实验提示妊娠状态下雌激素的高水平与CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Treg细胞比例的升高密切相关.     

Demonstration of circulating allergen-specific CD4+CD25highFoxp3+ T-regulatory cells in both nonatopic and atopic individuals

BACKGROUND: CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T-regulatory (Treg) cells play a fundamental role in the control of autoimmunity. Whether human CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells that recognize foreign antigens also exist is less clear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the existence in humans of circulating Treg cells able to recognize exogenous antigens, including allergens. METHODS: CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) and CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(-) cells were purified from human peripheral blood and cultured for 15 days with autologous dendritic cells (DCs), unloaded, or loaded with Der p 1 allergen or the bacterial antigen streptokinase (SK). RESULTS: CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) circulating T cells obtained from healthy nonatopic subjects and cultured with Der p 1-loaded DCs, but not those cultured with either unloaded or SK-loaded DCs, suppressed the proliferative response to Der p 1 of autologous Der p 1-specific T cells generated from the CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(-) subset. The antigen specificity of either Der p 1-CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) or SK-CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) T cells was confirmed even at clonal level. Finally, under the same experimental conditions, functionally active Der p 1-specific Treg cells were obtained from the pool of circulating CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) T cells of Der p 1-sensitive, atopic individuals. CONCLUSION: These data provide undoubted demonstration of the existence of human CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) circulating Treg cells specific for exogenous antigens, including the Der p 1 allergen, and indicate that CD4(+)CD25(high)Foxp3(+) Treg cells specific for Der p 1 are present and functionally active in both nonatopic and Der p 1-sensitive, atopic individuals. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Caution should be advised in interpreting allergic disorders as simply resulting from defective Treg cell activity.     

Human PD-L1-overexpressing porcine vascular endothelial cells induce functionally suppressive human CD4+CD25hiFoxp3+ Treg cells

In xenotransplantation models, direct activation of hCD4(+) T cells by porcine VECs leads to a robust proliferation of T cells. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, human antiporcine MLEC culture was used to investigate cross-species cell interactions, proliferation of hCD4(+) T cells, and induction of human cytokines. We report that xenoantigen presentation by PIEC expands hCD4(+) Foxp3(+) Tregs and hCD4(+) Foxp3(-) Teffs, and this process is dependent on porcine MHC-II antigen expression. Stable transfection of hPD-L1 into PIEC inhibits Teff proliferation, but Treg proliferation is not affected. Surprisingly, IL-10 production by hCD4(+) T cells is augmented significantly by PIEC(hPD-L1). Notably, hPD-L1-induced Tregs have higher suppressive potency and mediate suppressive function partially through IL-10 and CD73. This study opens the possibility of using hPD-L1-overexpressing porcine VECs as a novel therapeutic to allow tolerance of xenotransplants and also supports the possibility of using hPD-L1 transgenic pigs as xenotransplant donors.     

A clonal model for human CD8+ regulatory T cells: unrestricted contact-dependent killing of activated CD4+ T cells

Previous studies in murine systems have demonstrated that CD8(+) Treg cells down-regulate immune responses in vivo through suppressing activated CD4(+) T cells. Here we describe novel regulatory CD8(+) T-cell clones isolated from healthy human peripheral blood following in vitro stimulation with autologous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD4(+) T cells. TCR activation of CD4(+) target T cells was required for CD8(+) Treg cells to exert suppressive activity, which was mediated through lysis of CD4(+) targets in a cell contact-dependent manner. Suppression was independent of Foxp3 expression in CD8(+) Treg cells, HLA compatibility between CD8(+) Treg cells and CD4(+) target cells and antigen-specificity of CD4(+) target T cells. CD8(+) Treg clones expressed CD3 and a variety of TCR V(β) chains as well as CD56, CD69, CD62L and CD95 but did not express CD16, CD161, CXCR4 and CCR7. When used together, antibodies specific for CD11a/CD18 and CD8 inhibited suppressive activity of CD8(+) Treg clones. The ability to establish clonal CD8(+) T cells that maintain regulatory function in vitro will facilitate further studies to define this population in vivo and to identify the mechanisms used for recognition and suppression of activated target cells.     

CD4+CD25+CD127dimFoxp3+ T cells are cytotoxic for human neurons

MS lesions are characterized by destruction of myelin and significant neuronal and axonal loss. Preliminary studies with the use of T(regs) in the mouse model of MS have been extremely encouraging. However, recent studies with human cells have shown the presence of different subpopulations of T cells within the CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cell phenotype, some of which do not have regulatory functions. These findings suggest a potential difference between mouse and human in the regulatory phenotype. Here, we show that human activated CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells are neurotoxic in vitro. These cells expressed high levels of the cytotoxic molecule GrB and had no suppressive effect. On the contrary, they produced IFN-γ and low IL-17, suggesting a shift toward a T(H)1 phenotype. Thus, our data confirm the presence of a nonregulatory cytotoxic subpopulation within the human CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) T cells and suggest further studies on the human regulatory phenotype prior to any potential therapeutic application.     

CD4-mediated functional activation of human CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells

Naturally occurring CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells (CD25(+) Tregs) constitute a specialized population of T cells that is essential for the maintenance of peripheral self-tolerance. The immune regulatory function of CD25(+) Tregs depends upon their activation. We found that anti-CD4 antibodies activate the suppressive function of human CD25(+) Tregs in a dose-dependent manner. We demonstrate that CD4-activated CD25(+) Tregs suppress the proliferation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, their IL-2 and IFN-gamma production as well as the capacity of CD8(+) T cells to re-express CD25. By contrast, anti-CD4 stimulation did not induce suppressive activity in conventional CD4(+) T cells. These results identify CD4 as a trigger for the suppressive function of CD25(+) Tregs and suggest a possible CD4-mediated exploitation of these cells.     

血红素加氧酶-1上调CD4~+ CD25~+ Treg foxp3表达以增强Treg的免疫抑制功能

本研究探讨血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)诱导CD4+CD25+调节性T细胞(regulatory T cells,Treg)foxp3表达,增加IL-10分泌,提高CD4+CD25+Treg的免疫抑制功能。选用磁珠分离正常BALB/c小鼠脾脏CD4+CD25+Treg,转染含HO-1质粒pcDNA3HO-1,或用血红素(hemin)、锡-原卟啉(Sn-protoporphyrin,SnPP)干预,培养48 h。用卵清蛋白致敏、激发BALB/c小鼠建立哮喘模型,并在致敏、激发阶段分别经血红素和SnPP干预。用Real-Time PCR和Western blot方法分别测定培养细胞内HO-1、foxp3 mRNA及蛋白量;ELISA方法分别测定细胞上清液和动物血清中IL-10、TGF-β水平;用磁珠分离哮喘动物脾脏CD4+CD25+Treg进行功能抑制试验。结果显示:经pcDNA3HO-1和血红素上调CD4+CD25+Treg HO-1表达,foxp3表达及蛋白水平相应增加,上清液IL-10水平明显升高。而OVA致敏、激发的哮喘小鼠模型,经血红素干预后,血清IL-10分泌亦增多,CD4+CD25+Treg功能抑制作用显著增强。该结果表明HO-1诱导CD4+CD25+Treg特异性转录因子foxp3表达,促进IL-10分泌,增强CD4+CD25+Treg的调节功能,具有显著的免疫抑制作用。