人微小病毒B19母婴感染的血清学调查

目的调查该地区B19病毒母婴感染情况。方法用ELISA和套式PCR分别检测母婴血清B19病毒IgG、IgM抗体和DNA。结果92例孕妇血清B19病毒IgG抗体阳性率3704%,720例孕妇血清B19病毒IgM抗体阳性率902%,而95例婴儿脐血IgM抗体阴性;720例孕妇血清和95例婴儿脐血B19病毒DNA亦均为阴性。结论部分孕妇存在B19病毒感染既往史,少数孕妇有近期或急性B19病毒感染,但母婴垂直传播B19病毒风险很低。     

Human parvovirus B19 infection within a family and risk for pregnant women.

During an outbreak of parvovirus B19 infection among four related families at least 70% of the household contacts, including a woman at the 33rd week of pregnancy, became infected. Twins were born at the 39th week of pregnancy, both with B19 infection. B19 DNA was detected in their sera by a nested PCR, anti-B19 IgM was detectable only by an immunofluorescence assay, and low levels of maternal anti-B19 IgG were demonstrable by an immunoenzymatic test in the serum of both children. All the haematological parameters were normal at birth and 6 months later, when B19 DNA and anti-B19 antibody were no longer detectable in serum samples. This observation emphasizes the high risk of B19 infection among household contacts and the possibility of a favourable outcome of the foetal infection, possibly related to infection late in the pregnancy.     

Seroprevalence of rubella among Jordanian women of childbearing age

This study was conducted to assess immunity (seroprevalence) to rubella among Jordanian women of childbearing age. A multistage cluster sampling was used to recruit 1125 women of childbearing age (15-49 year) from the 12 Governorates of Jordan. Anti-rubella antibody titers were measured using enzyme-linked immunoassays. The overall immunity rate to rubella among women in childbearing age was 90.9% (CI: 88.8-92.9). However, the immunity rate was significantly lower in younger women aged 15-19 years (83%) compared to the whole cohort (P相似文献   

2012-2014年苏南地区育龄妇女人类微小病毒B19感染状况调查

目的 分析苏南地区育龄妇女微小病毒B19感染的状况,为本区妇幼保健提供基础数据。 方法 采用酶联免疫检测法(ELISA)检测2012-2014年苏南地区育龄妇女血清中特异性的IgM抗体。 结果 8 927例育龄妇女的微小病毒B19 IgM抗体阳性率为13.83%,近三年差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.35,P>0.05);不良妊娠结局组、正常妊娠组和婚检组感染率分别为16.37%、12.59%和13.39%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=16.76,P<0.05);感染组与非感染组不良妊娠结局发生率差异有统计学意义(χ²=38.71,P<0.05)。 结论 妊娠期HPVB19感染可引起不良妊娠结局。2012-2014年苏南地区育龄妇女感染率并不低,相关的妇幼保健单位应加强微小病毒B19的感染监测,开展全面检查,提高人口素质。     

武汉地区孕妇血清中人微小病毒B19检测状况及传播途径的研究

为了解武汉地区异常妊娠史孕妇及胎儿人微小病毒 B1 9感染状况及传播途径 ,运用聚合酶链反应(PCR)对既往有异常妊娠史的孕妇进行母血检测人微小病毒 B1 9- DNA。结果显示 :在 68例既往有异常妊娠史的孕妇血清中 ,有 1例检测到人微小病毒 B1 9- DNA,检出率为 1 .47%。提示 :武汉地区孕妇存在人微小病毒 B1 9的感染 ,有必要在武汉地区开展人微小病毒 B1 9的研究     

Prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant mothers and its perinatal transmission

1000 pairs of maternal and cord blood samples were collected simultaneously at the time of delivery. 23 (2.3%) of the maternal samples were positive for HBsAg by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. HBeAg was detected in 11 (47%) of the 23 HBsAg positive mothers and anti-HBeAg was detected in another 5 samples. HBsAg and HBeAg were detected in 7 (30%) of the 23 cord blood samples from HBsAg-positive mothers, and anti-HBeAg was detected in one of these samples. At follow-up (6-18 months), antigenaemia had persisted in 17 (85%) of the 20 HBsAg-positive mothers and in 9 (45%) of 20 babies born to HBsAg-positive mothers. Seven of the 10 babies (70%) born to mothers positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg had persistent HBsAg in their blood, in contrast to 2 of the 10 babies (20%) born to mothers positive for HBsAg only. However, none of these mothers or their babies were found to have anti-HBeAg at follow-up. We conclude that the presence of HBeAg in mothers' blood enhances vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus infection to their babies.     

Seroprevalence of rubella in school girls and pregnant women

Many studies have been assigned to investigate the surveillance of congenital rubella syndrome, acquired rubella and seroprevalence in different countries to determine the new vaccination program and national vaccination schedules. Seroprevalence of rubella in Turkey is still insufficient and national immunization schedules do not include routine rubella vaccination. In this study we aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of rubella at child bearing age in an unvaccinated population in Adana, southern Turkey, to help determine whether routine rubella vaccination is necessary, if so when it should be administered. Ninety-four school girls aged 12–18 years living in Adana were selected for the study and stratified according to the socioeconomic status of their parents and evaluated for rubella antibodies. One hundred pregnant women aged 18–25 years and 100 pregnant women aged 26–35 years were sampled rubella antibodies. Rubella specific IgG antibody was measured qualitatively and quantitatively by using microparticule enzyme immune assay technology. Rubella specific IgG antibody was positive in 87–94 school girls (92.5%). The geometric mean rubella specific IgG antibody value was found be 148.14 IU/ml. No correlation was found between socioeconomic status and rubella seropositivity (p = 0.6521). In all pregnant women rubella specific IgG antibody was found to be positive. In conclusion rubella vaccination should be considered carefully in developing countries. Because of the high seropositivity to rubella in our region we do not recommend rubella vaccination in early childhood. Yet this is a preliminary study and further studies with larger population size are needed to determine the national immunization policy for rubella.     

Human parvovirus B19 in pregnancy

Parvovirus B19 infection can result in an adverse outcome when acquired during pregnancy. However, in the majority of cases a successful outcome can be anticipated. Public awareness of this condition is essential and obstetricians should be familiar with the options available to them if they are presented with this clinical problem.     

3628例妇女微小病毒B19血清学检测结果分析

目的:对孕前、妊娠期妇女进行HPVB19血清学检测,了解HPVB19感染情况,探讨HPVB19感染与早期流产的关系。方法:收集3628例女性患者,应用ELISA法对其进行HPVB19-Ig G、Ig M抗体检测。结果:3628例患者按季节分为春(1501例)、夏(752例)、秋(682例)、冬(693例)4组,按诊断分为早孕组(2329例)、孕前组(613例)、不孕症组(309例)、炎症组(126例)、不良妊娠史组(119例)、流产组(132例)6组,统计结果显示春与夏、春与秋、春与冬、秋与冬Ig M之间有统计学差异(P0.05),早孕组与不孕组、流产组Ig G、Ig M之间均有统计学差异(P0.05),早孕组与不良妊娠史组Ig M之间有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:HPVB19感染一年四季均可发生,但在春季高发。另外HPVB19感染与流产有一定关系,应重视育龄期、早孕期妇女HPVB19的感染。需要对孕期妇女预防监测,防止孕期HPVB19感染,切断母婴传播的途径,降低新生儿HPVB19宫内感染机会,以利于优生优育。     

孕晚期 B族链球菌带菌者母儿结局及高危因素分析

目的：了解孕晚期孕妇B族链球菌（ GBS）的带菌情况及应用抗生素预防性治疗后的母儿结局,并分析GBS带菌的高危因素。方法回顾性收集2014年1月至2014年12月在北京妇产医院分娩体验门诊就诊的孕妇4959例,于孕35～37周采集阴道下1／3及肛门括约肌上2～3cm处直肠标本（共1份）,采用PCR法进行GBS检测,其中278例检测出B族链球菌阳性者为研究组,随机抽取同期产检332例检测GBS阴性者为对照组。 GBS阳性者临产后或胎膜早破时给予抗生素预防感染,分析其妊娠结局及GBS带菌的高危因素。结果 GBS阳性者278例,带菌率为5．61％。 GBS阳性组年龄显著高于GBS阴性组（ t＝2．941,P＜0．05）,两组文化程度有显著性差异（χ2＝8．108,P＜0．05）,而两组经产妇所占比例无显著性差异（χ2＝2．593,P＞0．05）。新生儿中无GBS感染导致肺炎、败血症、脑膜炎等发生,1例可疑GBS感染,1例新生儿脓疱疹。 GBS阳性组新生儿窒息发生率显著高于GBS阴性组（χ2＝4．809,P＜0．05）,两组胎膜早破、胎儿窘迫、产时发热比较均无显著性差异（χ2值分别为1．180、0．009、2．187,均P＞0．05）,两组新生儿体重、产后出血比较均无显著性差异（t值分别为0．497、0．529,均P＞0．05）。年龄、阴道炎是GBS定植的危险因素（OR值分别为1．071、2．955,均P＜0．05）,而糖尿病不是GBS定植的高危因素（OR＝1．108,P＞0．05）。结论 GBS阳性孕妇临产后使用抗生素规范治疗可改善母儿结局,建议对GBS高危人群进行筛查。     

Risk factors for adverse perinatal outcomes in imprisoned pregnant women: a systematic review

Background  

Imprisoned pregnant women constitute an important obstetric group about whom relatively little is known. This systematic review was conducted to identify the risk factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcome present in this group of women.     

The burden of parvovirus B19 infection in women of childbearing age in England and Wales

A serological survey has been used to investigate the epidemiology of parvovirus B19 infection in England and Wales. A total of 2835 sera representing the complete age range were selected from a convenience collection obtained in 1996 that reflects the general population and screened for parvovirus B19-specific IgG. Antibody prevalence rose nonlinearly with age from 21% in those aged 1-4 years to >75% in adults aged > or = 45 years. Force-of-infection estimates were similar to those previously made in 1991, being highest in those aged <15 years. There was no association between evidence of previous infection and sex or region. Quantitatively strongest antibody responses were found in those aged 15-34 years and IgG levels in females were 28.5% higher than those found in males (P=0.004, 95% CI 8.2-52.6). Applying the upper 95% confidence interval for the force of infection to maternity estimates for England and Wales in 1996, parvovirus infection in pregnancy was estimated to occur on average in up to 1 in every 512 pregnancies each year. This represents 1257 maternal infections, causing up to an estimated 59 fetal deaths and 11 cases of hydrops fetalis annually. An analysis of all available laboratory-confirmed parvovirus infections found a mean of 944 infections per year in women aged 15-44 years highlighting a need for enhanced surveillance of maternal parvovirus B19 infection in England and Wales, including information on both pregnancy and outcome of pregnancy.     

围产期孕妇阴道分泌物B群链球菌感染和药物敏感性分析

目的了解围产期孕妇产前Ｂ群链球菌感染情况及药物敏感性,并通过分析为新生儿感染B群链球菌的防治提供依据。 方法收集宿迁市妇产医院,如皋妇产医院,如皋广慈医院等2019年1月到2020年3月份共4 750份妊娠35～37周孕妇阴道分泌物标本进行Ｂ群链球菌分离鉴定;阳性菌株用K-B法进行药敏试验。 结果4 750例阴道分泌物标本,检出B群链球菌225株,检出率为4.74%。药敏结果中,未检出对青霉素、万古霉素和利奈唑胺耐药的菌株,但青霉素敏感性下降,其抑菌圈在敏感折点上的占5.33%;氯霉素、左氧氟沙星、克林霉素、红霉素的耐药率分别为7.61%、57.94%、70.98%、80.44%;诱导克林霉素试验阳性率为9.43%。 结论B群链球菌在围产期妇女阴道分泌物检出率达4.74% ,β内酰胺类无耐药,但青霉素敏感度有下降表现。临床应重视围产期孕妇B群链球菌筛查,通过产前筛查和药物敏感试验有效的加以防治,做好预防性治疗,降低产妇及婴儿病患率。