不阻断肝门的大肝癌切除术

目的 研究不阻断肝门的肝切除术在大肝癌切除手术中的价值。方法 回顾性分析30例不阻断肝门的大肝癌切除术，并与同期98例采用肝门阻断的大肝癌切除术做对比。采用单因素和多因素分析的方法，研究与大肝癌术后并发症有关的因素。结果 不阻断肝门组术后并发症率低于阻断肝门组(10．0％vs32．7％，P＝0．02)。单因素分析显示年龄、肝门阻断、术中出血量、输血量以及手术时间等与并发症发生有关，进一步通过多元逐步回归模型分析发现，年龄、肝门阻断、输血量以及手术时间是决定术后并发症发生的4个独立的预测指标。结论 大肝癌切除手术中有选择性地采用不阻断肝门的肝切除技术是安全可行的。     

114���󳦰��������г�

目的 研究大肝癌的手术切除和围术期处理技术。方法 回顾性总结分析1990年1月至2000年9月施行肝切除术的114例大肝癌病例。结果 大肝癌手术中输血量及术后并发症发生率均较小肝癌显著高,两两组间肝门阻断时间、术中出血量、术时、住院天数及病死率差异无显著性。1996-2000年所施行的大肝癌手术切除较1990-1995年而言,术中输血量、肝门阻断时间及住院天数均有明显下降。多元回归分析显示术中出血量是决定术后并发症发生率之独立的危险因素。结论 大肝癌的手术切除和围术期处理技术较前已有明显进步。只要术前准确判断肝脏储备功能及术中有效控制出血,大肝癌的切除仍是安全可行的。     

大肝癌手术切除术中不同肝血流阻断方法的临床研究

目的：比较大肝癌手术切除术中3种不同的入肝血流阻断法的临床效果。
　　方法：回顾性分析2011年1月—2013年3月期间218例大肝癌（>5cm）手术患者的临床资料,术中88例采用Pringle法间断阻断全肝血流（肝门阻断组）,51例行选择性的半肝血流阻断（半肝阻断组）,79例行肝下下腔静脉阻断联合Pringle法阻断入肝血流（联合阻断组）。比较3组患者的术中与术后的相关指标。
　　结果：3组患者的术前情况、手术时间、入肝血流阻断时间及肝切除量的差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）;半肝阻断组与联合阻断组的术中出血量、输血量、输血率均明显低于肝门阻断组,且联合阻断组的输血量、输血率明显低于半肝阻断组（均P<0.05）;3组患者术后第1天肝功能指标差异无统计学意义（均P>0.05）,但半肝阻断组与联合阻断组第3、7天的转氨酶和总胆红素水平均明显低于肝门阻断组（均P<0.05）;3组术后并发症的发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。
　　结论：大肝癌切除术术中采用肝下下腔静脉阻断联合Pringle法阻断入肝血流不仅能够有效减少术中失血量,而且有利于术后肝功能的恢复。     

微创治疗肝脏深部微小肝癌合并门静脉高压46例分析

总结经皮微波固化联合腹腔镜断流术治疗肝脏深部微小肝癌合并门静脉高压的临床经验。对2009年6月—2013年6月华中科技大学附属同济医院肝脏外科46例(治疗组)行经皮微波固化联合腹腔镜断流术治疗肝脏深部微小肝癌合并门静脉高压患者的资料进行回顾性分析,并与同期53例(对照组)行肝部分切除联合断流术的病例进行对照研究。观察患者围手术期病死率、术中出血量、术后近期并发症发生率、术后远期再出血率、术后存活率等。两组均无围手术期死亡。治疗组术中出血量、术后近期并发症发生率低于对照组(P0.05)。两组术后1、3、5年再出血率、存活率差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。在严格掌握适应证的前提下,经皮微波固化联合腹腔镜断流术比肝部分切除联合断流术术后近期并发症少,且可以获得与肝部分切除联合断流术相似的远期再出血率和生存率。     

肝癌切除术后并发症的多元回归分析

目的研宛与肝癌切除术后并发症发生有关的因素，并探讨减少肝癌切除术后并发症的技术要点。方法回顾性总结1988年6月至2005年4月间连续施行的378例肝癌切除病例，采用单因素分析和多元退步回归模型分析与肝癌切除术后并发症有关的因素。结果肝癌切除术后总的并发症发生率为17．7％，手术死亡率为1．3％。单因素分析显示，年龄、肝门阻断、出血量以及术中输血等4项指标与并发症发生有关。多元逐步回归分析显示年龄、肝门阻断和术中输血这3项指标是决定肝癌切除术后并发症发生的独立的危险因素。结论降低肝癌切除术后并发症发生率的关键在于术中有效地控制出血厦输血量，同时对伴存肝硬化的病人应尽量缩短肝门阻断时间。     

不同肝血流阻断方式对肝切除术安全性及预后的影响

目的分析不同肝血流阻断方式对肝切除术患者围术期指标、肝功能及3年无瘤生存期的影响。方法选取自2012年1月~2014年12月于我院行肝切除并采用Pringle法联合肝下腔静脉阻断肝血流的60例患者作为观察组,另按随机、平衡、对照原则选取同期于我院行肝切除术但仅采用Pringle法肝血流的60例患者作为对照组。对比两组围术期指标(手术时间、断肝时间、第一肝门阻断时间、术中出血量、术中输血例数、术中液体总入量及术后并发症)、肝功能[总胆红素(TB)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、前白蛋白(Pre-ALB)]及1年、3年无瘤生存率。结果 (1)观察组手术时间、断肝时间、第一肝门阻断时间均较对照组短;术中出血量、术中输血例数、术中液体总入量及术后并发症发生率均较对照组少,但仅术中出血量、术中输血比例、术后并发症发生率对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);(2)两组术后1d时TB、ALT显著上升,并以术后3d为峰值,术后7d可见显著下降;Pre-ALB术后呈持续下降趋势,与同组术前比较,各指标差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);(3)经随访统计,观察组1年及3年无瘤生存率显著高于对照组,对比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Pringle法联合肝下腔静脉阻断肝血流时,肝切除术患者术中出血量、输血比例、并发症及3年无瘤生存率等指标获益更显著,且对肝功能的影响与单一Pringle法肝血流阻断方式无显著差异。     

中肝叶切除治疗中央型大肝癌

目的 评估中肝叶切除治疗中央型大肝癌的临床结果.方法 回顾性分析我院2001-2007年采用中肝叶切除治疗的136例直径＞5 cm的中肝叶大肝癌病例资料,并对所有手术患者均进行临床随访.结果 中肝叶切除术的肝门阻断时间、手术时间、术中出血量、术中输血量及住院时间分别为(13.3±9.1) min、(173.1±41.1) min、(548.7±320.5)ml、(511.4±231.7) ml和(18.6±8.8)d.11例患者术中未输血.全组无手术死亡,仅4例(2.9％)患者发生主要并发症.中肝叶切除术术后患者1、3、5年总生存率分别为71％、46％、29％,1、3、5年无瘤生存率分别为65％、40％、24％.结论 中肝叶切除术治疗中央型大肝癌安全可行,能最大限度地保留有功能的肝实质,可作为首选术式.     

中肝叶巨大原发性肝癌的手术切除

目的 探讨中肝叶巨大肝癌的手术切除技术。方法 回顾性分析1996年10月至2001年12月施行肝切除术的166例中肝叶巨大肝癌的术中处理，术后并发症及原因。结果 全组均为常温间歇性第一肝门阻断下切肝，单例总阻断时间最长68min，最短7min，平均24.5min；输血量最多为5200ml ,54例未输血；肿瘤切除123例（74．1％），规则性肝叶切除43例（25．9％）；术后并发症9例（5．4％），手术死亡2例（1．2％）。结论 术前良好的肝功能储备是保证中肝叶巨大肝癌手术切除术后顺利恢复的首要条件，术中仔细操作是降低术后并发症的关键。     

原发性肝癌肝切除术中延长肝门阻断时限的探讨

目的 探讨原发性肝癌肝切除术中延长肝门阻断时限对手术失血量和肝功能的影响.方法 回顾性总结2001年6月至2005年12月原发性肝癌肝切除术中一次肝门阻断时间≥30 min患者的临床资料(持续阻断组),并以累积肝门阻断时间在相同范围内但为常规间歇性阻断的患者作为对照(间歇阻断组),比较两组手术失血量、接受输血病例的比例以及术后肝功能恢复情况.结果 持续阻断组共35例,间歇阻断组共38例,两组患者临床资料比较无明显差异(P>0.05);持续阻断组平均肝门阻断时间为(34.7±4.4)min(30～45 min),间歇阻断组为(35.3±4.2)min,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);持续阻断组平均手术失血量为(660.0±655.8)ml,显著少于间歇阻断组的(1054.0±673.3)ml(P<0.05),接受输血患者的比例(48.6%)也显著低于间歇阻断组(78.9%)(P<0.01);两组患者术后肝功能均顺利恢复,术后并发症的发生率无明显差异(P>0.05).结论 在肝功能代偿良好的复杂原发性肝癌肝切除术中肝门阻断时间可以持续30～45 min,与常规的间歇性阻断相比未增加对肝脏的损伤,但显著减少了手术失血量、降低了需要输血患者的比例.     

肝段切除术及并发症的评估

作者复习了72例肝段切除术病人。全组无1例死亡,并发症率30.6％,手术时间168±62分钟,失血量622±483ml,输血量739±419ml,入肝血流阻断时间28±13分钟,住院时间23±12天。根据术前,术中变量通过多变量回归分析方法识别并发症的影响因素,结果显示:并发症将显著延长住院时间(P=0.0032),而术前血清白蛋白水平(P=0.0568)和术中输血量(P=0.00578),与并发症有边缘性显著关系。非肝硬化组与肝硬化组术后并发症无显著差别(P=0.552)。结果提示肝段切除术是一种非常可取的技术,提高血清白蛋白值,减少术中输血可能降低并发症率。     

Risk factors for perioperative morbidity and mortality after extended hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Extended hepatectomy with resection of more than four segments is a high-risk operation, especially in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with chronic liver disease. This study evaluated the risk factors for morbidity and mortality following extended hepatectomy for HCC. METHODS: Preoperative and intraoperative variables of 155 patients who underwent extended hepatectomy for HCC were analysed to identify risk factors for postoperative morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: The overall morbidity rate was 55.5 per cent (n = 86). Most morbidity was due to ascites or pleural effusion. Significant life-threatening complications occurred in 20.0 per cent (n = 31). The perioperative mortality rate was 8.4 per cent (n = 13). Multivariate analysis found that portal clamping (P = 0.023) and perioperative blood transfusion (P < 0.001) were risk factors for morbidity, whereas perioperative blood transfusion (P < 0.001) was the only risk factor for significant morbidity. Co-morbid illness (P = 0.019) and perioperative blood transfusion (P = 0.004) were risk factors for perioperative mortality. CONCLUSION: Meticulous operative techniques to minimize blood loss and transfusion, while avoiding a prolonged Pringle manoeuvre, may help reduce postoperative morbidity. Avoidance of perioperative blood transfusion and careful preoperative selection of patients in terms of overall physiological status are important measures to reduce the postoperative mortality rate.     

Outcomes and prognostic factors of cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after radical major hepatectomy

Background Radical major hepatectomy (RMH) has been suggested as one of main options for cure of large/advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its operative risk remains high and its effectiveness is still controversial, especially for patients with liver cirrhosis. The present study aims to investigate short- and long-term outcomes and to identify prognostic factors for cirrhotic patients with HCC after RMH. Materials and Methods Prospectively collected clinicopathological data of 81consecutive cirrhotic HCC patients who underwent RMH were reviewed retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier method was adopted for evaluating long-term survival. Prognostic factors were identified by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results After RMH, perioperative mortality, overall morbidity, and life-threatening morbidity were 1.2%, 24.7%, and 12.3%, respectively. Overall and disease-free 5-year survival rates were 39.4% and 28.1%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that presence of portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT) and satellite nodules, late TNM staging, high Edmondson-Steiner grading, and blood transfusion was associated with worsened prognosis. Of them, Edmondson-Steiner grading was identified as the sole independent prognostic factor for both overall and disease-free survival by multivariate analysis, whereas blood transfusion and the presence of PVTT independently predicted unfavorable overall or disease-free survival, respectively. Conclusions These data indicated that RMH was safe and appeared to be effective in treating cirrhotic patients with HCC. Some tumor-related and clinical variables influenced long-term outcome of these patients after RMH.     

腹腔镜肝切除术治疗84例大肝癌的临床疗效

目的 探讨腹腔镜肝切除术治疗大肝癌的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2009年1月至201 1年1月第三军医大学西南医院采用腹腔镜肝切除术治疗84例大肝癌患者的临床资料.术前CT检查显示肿瘤位于左半肝12例、肝左外叶9例、右半肝3例、肝右前叶11例、肝右后叶11例、肝Ⅴ段8例、肝Ⅵ段6例、肝Ⅶ段6例、肝Ⅴ和Ⅵ段8例、肝Ⅶ和Ⅷ段4例、肝Ⅳ段5例、肝Ⅰ段1例.术前超声造影检查结果显示：肿瘤直径为5.1 ～6.0 cm 46例、6.1 ～7.0 cm 12例、7.1 ～8.0cm 9例、8.1～9.0cm 7例、9.1～ 10.0 cm10例.根据术前评估肿瘤大小、位置、肿瘤距肝脏表面的距离及与重要管道结构的关系及术中探查结果选择性行解剖性或非解剖性肝切除术.患者术后行腹部影像学和血清学复查,复查时间为术后第1年每3个月1次,第2年每4个月1次,第3年每6个月1次,随访时间截至2014年1月.采用Kaplan-Meier法计算生存率.结果 84例患者中8例中转开腹手术,中转开腹率为9.5％（8/84）,76例成功施行腹腔镜肝切除术.30例患者行解剖性肝切除术,54例患者行非解剖性肝切除术.患者手术时间为（240±132） min,术中出血量为（432±340） mL,围手术期输血率为10.7％ （9/84）,肿瘤直径为（6.5±1.5）cm,切缘距肿瘤距离为（1.6 ±0.9）cm,术后胃肠道功能恢复时间为（3.0±0.5）d,术后住院时间为（11±3）d,术后并发症发生率为19.0％（16/84）.术后病理检查结果均为肝细胞癌,其中高分化癌18例、中分化癌57例、低分化癌9例.83例患者（除1例围手术期死亡患者）获得随访,随访时间为2 ～48个月,中位随访时间为24个月.术后1、3年总体生存率分别为91％、80％,术后1、3年无瘤生存率分别为70％和56％.结论 腹腔镜肝切除术选择性应用于大肝癌患者安全、可行,近期疗效好.     

解剖学方法行肝切除在老年肝癌患者临床应用的疗效观察

目的探讨解剖学方法行肝切除在老年肝细胞癌患者的疗效。方法回顾性分析了125例行手术切除的老年肝细胞肝癌患者的临床资料，其中72例为解剖学方法行肝切除的患者，53例为传统方法行肝切除的患者。结果解剖学方法组无手术死亡，无术后腹腔出血，术后并发症7例（9．7％），术后住院时间（12．6±4．5）d；1、3、5年生存率分别为87．4％、70．1％、60．7％；传统方法组围手术期死亡2例（3．7％），术后腹腔出血2例，术后并发症15例（28．3％），术后住院时间（17．2±9．7）d，1、3、5年生存率分别为79．5％、53．9％、40．8％。解剖学方法组较传统方法组术中出血及输血少，手术并发症发生率低，住院时间缩短（P〈0．05）。结论老年肝癌患者采取解剖学方法行肝切除术，术中出血少，术后并发症少，临床疗效满意。     

Is transarterial chemoembolization necessary before liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma?

BACKGROUND: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) before liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been proposed to prevent tumor progression, thus decreasing tumor recurrence and increasing survival. METHODS: We studied 46 patients undergoing LT for HCC who were divided in 2 groups--group A with pretransplant TACE (18 patients [39.1%]) and group B without pretransplant TACE (28 patients [60.9%])--and compared postoperative and long-term results between the 2 groups. RESULTS: There were no statistical differences in morbidity, transfusion needles, and postoperative time between-and no acute arterial or portal complication in-the 2 groups. There were no statistical differences in tumor recurrence (16.7 % vs 36.4 %, P=.16) with regard to pathway (mainly extrahepatic) or time. In group A patients, mean survival was 89.3+/-21.7 months with 1-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial survival rates of 83.3%, 60.5%, and 60.5%, respectively. In group B patients, mean survival was 75.1+/-19.1 months with 1-, 3-, and 5-year actuarial survival rates of 77.2%, 58.7%, and 38.1%, respectively. The differences in mean survival were not statistically significant (PX .56), nor was 5-year disease-free survival, which was 54% in group A and 39.5% in group B (P=.8). CONCLUSIONS: TACE is a safe procedure for candidates on the wait list who are scheduled for LT to treat HCC. Although TACE does not correlate with increased intraoperative difficulties or postoperative complications, it does not significantly improve tumor recurrence and survival.     

肝癌肝切除对阻断与不阻断人肝血流的比较

目的　比较肝癌肝切除时阻断与不阻断入肝血流的优缺点。方法　 2 49例病人包含两组 :甲组 112例 ,肝切除时阻断入肝血流 ,乙组 137例 ,肝切除时不阻断入肝血流。比较两组病人术中失血量 ,术后谷丙转氨酶恢复时间 ,并发症发生率 ,1、2、3、年复发率和存活率。结果　甲乙两组估计术中失血量分别为 846 .4± 984.7ml和 5 93 .9± 6 45 .6ml(P <0 .0 1)。术后并发症发生率分别为 47.3 %和 19% (P <0 .0 1) ,1、2、3年复发率为甲组 2 1.4%、38.4%、42 .9% ,乙组 11.7%、2 6 .3 %、32 .8% ,1、2、3年存活率为甲组 92 .8%、79.4%、6 9.6 % ,乙组 97.1%、90 .0 %、79.5 % ,(P <0 .0 1)。结论　肝癌肝切除时不阻断入肝血流优于阻断入肝血流。     

Hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma: toward zero hospital deaths

OBJECTIVE: The authors report on the surgical techniques and protocol for perioperative care that have yielded a zero hospital mortality rate in 110 consecutive patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The hepatectomy results are analyzed with the aim of further reducing the postoperative morbidity rate. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: In recent years, hepatectomy has been performed with a mortality rate of <10% in patients with HCC, but a zero hospital mortality rate in a large patient series has never been reported. At Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, the surgical techniques and perioperative management in hepatectomy for HCC have evolved yearly into a final standardized protocol that reduced the hospital mortality rate from 28% in 1989 to 0% in 1996 and 1997. METHODS: Surgical techniques were designed to reduce intraoperative blood loss, blood transfusion, and ischemic injury to the liver remnant in hepatectomy. Postoperative care was focused on preservation and promotion of liver function by providing adequate tissue oxygenation and immediate postoperative nutritional support that consisted of branched-chain amino acid-enriched solution, low-dose dextrose, medium-chain triglycerides, and phosphate. The pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were collected prospectively and analyzed each year to assess the influence of the evolving surgical techniques and perioperative care on outcome. RESULTS: Of 330 patients undergoing hepatectomy for HCC, underlying cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis were present in 161 (49%) and 108 (33%) patients, respectively. There were no significant changes in the patient characteristics throughout the 9-year period, but there were significant reductions in intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion requirements. From 1994 to 1997, the median blood transfusion requirement was 0 ml, and 64% of the patients did not require a blood transfusion. The postoperative morbidity rate remained the same throughout the study period. Complications in the patients operated on during 1996 and 1997 were primarily wound infections; the potentially fatal complications seen in the early years, such as subphrenic sepsis, biliary leakage, and hepatic coma, were absent. By univariate analysis, the volume of blood loss, volume of blood transfusions, and operation time were correlated positively with postoperative morbidity rates in 1996 and 1997. Stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that the operation time was the only parameter that correlated significantly with the postoperative morbidity rate. CONCLUSION: With appropriate surgical techniques and perioperative management to preserve function of the liver remnant, hepatectomy for HCC can be performed without hospital deaths. To improve surgical outcome further, strategies to reduce the operation time are being investigated.     

Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma in China

Background and aims Surgery remains the most effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While resection and liver transplantation achieve the best outcomes in patients with small HCC, controversy surrounds treatment of large HCC, HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus, and HCC with hypersplenism.Patient/methods From January 1988 to December 2002, 2,102 patients with large HCC underwent hepatectomy in our hospital. The traditional resection method was used on 959 patients, after which the improved new method was used on 1,143 patients. Meanwhile, from January 1990 until December 2003, hepatic resection ± thrombectomie has been performed in 438 patients with HCC and portal vein tumor thrombus. Among them, 286 patients showed portal vein tumor thrombus located in the primary and secondary branch of the main portal vein (group A), and 152 patients showed portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) involved in the main portal vein (group B). Additionally, out of 204 HCC patients with cirrhotic hypersplenism, 94 patients had hepatectomy and splenectomy, and 100 patients had only hepatectomy without hospital death.Results The 3- and 5-year survival after resection of large HCCs (over 5 cm) with improved new method in China was between 50.7 and 58.8% and 27.9 and 38.7%, respectively. Tumor recurrence in the liver within 1 year after hepatic resection + thrombectomie was detected in 45% of group A and in 78.8% in group B. The cumulative 5-year overall survival rates were 18.1% for group A and 0% for group B. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival in HCC plus portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) was 58.7, 22.7, and 18.1%. The hepatectomy/splenectomy group had a 5-year tumor-free survival rate of 37.2% and the hepatectomy group alone had 27.2%.Conclusion The new resection methods, hepatic resection + thrombectomy and hepatectomy + splenectomy, are very effective treatments for large HCC, HCC with portal vein tumor thrombus, and HCC with hypersplenism, respectively. Local treatment modalities, e.g. percutaneous ethanol injection, cryosurgery, and radiofrequency ablation as well as microwave coagulation are used in patients with poor liver function in small and large HCCs.     

Mesohepatectomy for centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma: an appraisal of a rare procedure

BACKGROUND: For centrally located hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), extended major hepatectomy is usually recommended, but the risk of postoperative liver failure is high when liver function is not sound. Mesohepatectomy (en bloc resection of Goldsmith and Woodburne's left medial and right anterior segments or Couinaud's segments IV, V, and VIII) is a rare procedure, so its role in treating HCC is unclear. STUDY DESIGN: We retrospectively reviewed 364 patients who underwent a curative resection for HCC. Among them, 15 patients were treated by mesohepatectomy. Their nontumorous liver revealed cirrhosis in 11 and chronic hepatitis in 4. The mean tumor diameter was 12.8 cm. In 10 of the 15 patients, HCC also invaded adjacent organs. The operative results of another 25 patients with different disease extent who underwent extended major hepatectomy were compared. RESULTS: The hepatic inflow occlusion time for mesohepatectomy was longer than for extended hepatectomy (p = 0.01). The mean operative blood loss, amount of blood transfusion, operating time, and postoperative hospital stay in the mesohepatectomy group were 2,450 mL, 1,100 mL, 7.9 hours, and 14.9 days, respectively. In the extended-hepatectomy group, the values were 1,863mL, 768mL, 5.8 hours, and 16.8 days, respectively (all p>0.05 compared with mesohepatectomy). No patient died after mesohepatectomy, but after extended hepatectomy there was one death from liver failure. The Union Internationale contre le cancer (UICC) TNM stages of patients who underwent mesohepatectomy were as follows: stage II in 1, stage III in 4, and stage IVA in 10. All patients who underwent extended hepatectomy presented with stage IVA disease. The 6-year disease-free and actuarial survival rates after mesohepatectomy were 21% and 30%, respectively. The 6-year disease-free survival rate after extended hepatectomy was 9% (p = 0.11 compared with mesohepatectomy). CONCLUSION: Although mesohepatectomy is time-consuming, it is justified for selected patients with centrally located large HCC in a diseased liver.