玻璃体切除术后晶体变化的临床分析

观察孔源性视网膜脱离的玻璃体切除术后晶体改变及相关因素间的关系。报告一组有晶体眼视网膜脱离手术、冷冻、巩膜扣带、注气（ＳＦ６或Ｃ３Ｆ８）联合玻璃体切除术６８例７２只眼及未联合玻璃体切除术４６例４７只眼。随访１２个月以上，比较两组，玻璃体切除眼术后发生核硬化３８．９％，非玻璃体切除眼仅５．６％，Ｐ〈０．００１。晶体后囊下混浊，玻璃体切除眼为３４％，非玻璃体切除眼仅为４．２％，Ｐ〈０．００１。核硬化与     

外伤性白内障切割并悬吊式人工晶体植入术

对３４例３４只眼穿孔性眼外伤所致白内障行晶体前玻璃体切割，并悬吊式人工晶体植入术。术后矫正视力达０．８及以上者７只眼（２０．６％）；０．３－０．７者１４只眼（４１．２％）；００５－０２者８只眼（２３．５％）；０．０５以下者５只眼（１４．７％）。未发现人工晶体倾斜。主要并发症有：术中后房少量出血６只眼，虹膜后粘与人工晶体前膜形成５只眼，悬吊线残端暴露１只眼，黄斑囊样水肿２只眼，视网膜脱离１只眼。     

高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的玻璃体手术和激光光凝治疗

目的探讨高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离患者玻璃体手术联合激光光凝治疗的成功率及并发症。方法高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离患者３５例３８只眼，１１例１２只眼单行经睫状体平部的玻璃体手术及惰性气体眼内填充，未作激光光凝治疗；２４例２６只眼在玻璃体手术术中及术后作黄斑裂孔缘激光光凝。术后均作６个月以上的随访（平均随访时间２１．７个月）。结果非光凝组５只眼黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离复发，占４１．７％，术后０．１以上视力６只眼，占５０．０％；光凝组２只眼黄斑裂孔复发，占７．７％，１只眼因周边新裂孔形成而复发视网膜脱离，术后有１３只眼视力在０．１以上，占５０．０％。统计学检验两组黄斑裂孔复发率概率Ｐ＝０．０２４，视网膜脱离复发率概率Ｐ＝０．０４８７。两组患者术后视力无显著差异。结论玻璃体手术联合黄斑区激光光凝治疗可提高高度近视黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离的手术成功率。     

超声乳化致晶体碎块坠入玻璃体腔的手术治疗

目的评价玻璃体切除术治疗晶体坠落物的效果。方法对１９９２年１０月至１９９５年１０月澳大利亚墨尔本皇家维多利亚眼耳医院所做５８例玻璃体切除术治疗晶体坠落物的病例,随访３个月以上资料进行回顾分析。结果最后随访时残留囊样黄斑水肿３例（５．２％）,视网膜脱离２例（３．４％）,低眼压ｌ例（１．７％）,其余并发症均消失。其中３８只眼（６５．５％）最后视力≥０．５,仅６只眼视力＜０．０５。结论白内障手术中一旦发生晶体成分坠落于玻璃体内,宜妥善处理眼前段,可能时植入人工晶体,并尽快行玻璃体切除术治疗,一般可取得良好效果     

玻璃体手术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离

目的 评价玻璃体切除术治疗复杂性视网膜脱离的效果。方法 对３５例（３６眼）复杂性视网膜脱离行玻璃体视网膜手术治疗做回顾性分析。结果 ３６眼经１次或２次玻璃体视网膜联合术,总有效者３２眼（８８．９％）。术后随访３１眼,平均随访时间１０．４月,视网膜复位２７眼（８７．１％）,视网膜再脱离４眼（１２．９％）,其中视力提高２２眼（７１％）,不变５眼（１６．１％）,下降４眼（１２．９％）。结论 玻璃体视网膜     

两种联合术式人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的对比研究

目的　对比分析两种联合术式人工晶状体植入术治疗增生性糖尿病视网膜病变的安全性和有效性。方法　回顾性分析２０１１年３月至２０１３年１０月我院收治的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变行联合手术的患者９５例（９５眼）,随机分为两组,术式１组４９眼行白内障超声乳化术联合玻璃体切割囊袋内植入后房型人工晶状体;术式２组４６眼行玻璃体手术中后路切除晶状体,保留前囊膜,前囊上睫状体沟内植入人工晶状体。观察两组患者术后视力改善及术后并发症情况。术后随访５个月～２．５ａ。结果　术式１组视力改善４０眼（８１．６３％）;术式２组视力改善２８眼（６０．８７％）,两组术后视力改善眼数比较差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．０２８,Ｐ＝０．０２５）。术式１组术后发生虹膜新生血管（ｉｒｉｓｎｅｏｖａｓｃｕｉａｒｉｚａｔｉｏｎ,ＩＮＶ）１眼;术式２组术后发生ＩＮＶ７眼,两组术后ＩＮＶ发生率差异有统计学意义（χ２＝５．３４２,Ｐ＝０．０２１）。两组患者术后视力改善不佳者多伴有明显的糖尿病黄斑水肿、硬性渗出或视网膜缺血。术后主要并发症包括:角膜水肿（术式１组１２眼,术式２组５眼）、暂时性眼压升高（术式１组４眼,术式２组５眼）、葡萄膜炎表现（术式１组１６眼,术式２组１４眼）、玻璃体积血（术式１组４眼,术式２组６眼）、视网膜脱离（两组均为２眼）、新生血管性青光眼（术式１组１眼,术式２组５眼）、后发性白内障（术式１组７眼,术式２组６眼）。结论　玻璃体切割联合晶状体手术治疗合并白内障的增生性糖尿病视网膜病变是安全有效的;术式ｌ组优于术式２组,其术后ＩＮＶ和新生血管性青光眼的发生率也较低;糖尿病黄斑病变是影响术后视力提高的主要原因。     

特发性黄斑视网膜前膜

为观察６０例６７眼特发性黄斑视网膜前膜的临床特点和视力预后，并探讨其程度分期。用荧光造影，９０Ｄ前置镜或三面镜裂隙灯作检查。结果①视网膜前膜多发生在老年人，本组占９６．７％，单眼发病占８８．３％，双眼发病占１１．７％，左右眼发病无差异。②玻璃体后脱离占６１．２％。③按程度分期：一期３８只眼占５６．７％，二期２１只眼占３１．３％，三期５只眼占７．５％。４．３６例（６４．３％）视力在０．５以上。结论：视网膜前膜为一老年性病变，病情发展缓慢，视力预后好。有明显膜形成者作玻璃体切割和膜剥离术可改善视力。     

Nd：YAG激光截囊术后并发症观察

我们应用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光对２０３例（２２１只眼）白内障囊外摘除术后患者和地晶体后囊切开术，经平均随访１０．５个月，４７．０６％的术眼矫正视力达０．５以上，术后发生裂孔源性视网膜脱离３只眼（１．３６％），大泡性我膜炎１只眼（０．４５％），尽管本组病例未发生黄斑囊样水肿及青光眼等并发症，但已有文献报道，提示对Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光截囊术后患者，仍需在术后不断观察，以便及时发现和治疗这些并发症。     

不伴有玻璃体后脱离视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的玻璃体手术

目的探讨人工玻璃体后脱离(posterior vitreous detachment，PVD)对药物及激光治疗无效的视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿的疗效。方法对24例24眼不伴有玻璃体后脱离内科治疗及激光治疗2个月以后黄斑水肿仍不消退，视力低于0．3者采用玻璃体手术，即人工玻璃体后脱离，观察其视力预后及黄斑水肿消失时间。结果全部患者均成功的进行人工玻璃体后脱离，无并发症。20眼(83．3％)在术后1周得到改善，平均追踪观察2．6个月，20眼(83．3％)黄斑弥漫性／局限性水肿消失。4眼黄斑囊样水肿在4个月内3眼消失，23眼视力平均提高2行以上。结论人工玻璃体后脱离对于内科治疗无效的视网膜分支静脉阻塞性黄斑水肿是有效治疗手段。     

早产儿视网膜病变早期治疗（ETROP）过程中发生视网膜脱离眼的预后

研究对象：在早产儿视网膜病变早期治疗（ETROP）研究中因早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）而发生视网膜脱离眼的结构以及功能改变。 研究方法：加入ETROP研究中的新生儿患有双眼高危阈前ROP，随即对其一眼进行早期治疗，另一眼进行传统治疗。只有单眼患病的早产儿。随机对高危阈前ROP眼进行早期治疗或传统治疗。当视网膜脱离被发现时。研究者会继续观察患者病变或对其行视网膜玻璃体手术（如巩膜加压术以肜或者玻璃体切除术）。在矫正9月龄时，对患者视网膜状况进行评估并使用条栅视敏度（grating acuity）对患儿视力进行检测。 研究结果：401例高危阈前ROP患者加入了ETROP研究。63例患者（89只眼）发生了视网膜脱离。对其中56例患者（78只眼）进行了随访。21例患者（38％）的视网膜脱离发生于双眼。其中30只眼分级为4A，14只眼为4B，16只眼为5级。余下的18只视网膜脱离眼未进行分级。对11例患者（12只眼）监控病情变化，52例患者（66只眼）行玻璃体视网膜手术。行玻璃体切除伴或不伴有巩膜加压术的56只眼中有17只（30％）在患者9月龄时保持或达到了黄斑复位；仅行巩膜加压术的10只眼中，6只（60％）达到；未行手术的12只眼中，2只（17％）达到。78只眼中有13只（17％）达到了较好的视力水平（I〉1．85cycles／degree）。达到正常视力水平（≥3．70cycles／degree）的6只眼的视网膜脱离分级均为4A（其分别为6只未行手术眼中的1眼，6只行巩膜加压术眼中的3眼。18只行玻璃体切除术眼中的2眼）。对11只视网膜脱离达5级的患眼行玻璃体视网膜手术。 治疗结果为6只眼无光感，3只眼仅有光感，2只眼只能看清低视力表。结论：在ETROP的研究中，ROP导致视网膜脱离的治疗结果普遍较差。因视网膜脱离行玻璃体视网膜手术的48只眼中，有16只眼黄斑未发生脱离。手术修复4A级视网膜脱离的24只眼中，有5只（21％）在术后达到了正常视力水平。对视网膜脱离5级眼行玻璃体视网膜手术可以使其达到结构复位，但功能恢复不佳。     

感染性眼内炎玻璃体切除术后视网膜脱离

目的 探讨感染性眼内炎术后并发视网膜脱离的原因和防治方法。方法 回顾性分析34例(34眼)感染性眼内炎经玻璃体切除治疗后发生视网膜脱离的临床资料。结果 33眼的眼内炎症得到控制(97．06％)。24眼视网膜完全复位(75．00％)，4眼限局性脱离(12．50％)，3眼完全脱离(9．38%)，另1例眼内炎未控制(3．12％)。56．3％的患者视力可以达到0．02以上。结论 医源性裂孔是感染性眼内炎术后视网膜脱离最常见的原因。视网膜脱离出现后经过积极治疗可以改善预后。同时，应从各个方面避免视网膜脱离的发生。     

Senile schisis detachment with posterior outer layer breaks.

BACKGROUND: Senile retinoschisis with associated retinal detachment in the presence of multiple or large posterior outer layer breaks is rare. Despite many and significant developments in vitreoretinal surgery for this situation, no definitive therapeutic guidelines exist. In an observational study three different approaches performed by two of the authors are presented. METHODS: Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with symptomatic schisis detachment and large posterior outer layer breaks were analyzed retrospectively. The fovea was detached in six eyes. Four eyes had laser photocoagulation and/or transscleral cryopexy (Group I), and five eyes had extensive scleral buckling (Group II). In nine eyes primary vitrectomy and gas endotamponade were performed, including inner layer resection in two eyes (Group III). The median follow-up period was 13 months. RESULTS: Initial anatomic success, which was defined as complete reattachment of the outer retinal layer, was achieved in two of four eyes of Group I, in four of five eyes of Group II, and in seven of nine eyes of Group III. Inner layer separation persisted in 11 of 16 eyes. Visual acuity improved in 3 of 18 eyes, remained unchanged in 9 of 18 eyes, and worsened in 6 of 18 eyes. Complications included in Group I were persistent outer retinal layer detachment (two eyes); in Group II, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) detachment (one eye), CME (one eye), diplopia (one eye), late redetachment (one eye); in Group III, secondary rhegmatogenous detachment (one eye) PVR detachment (two eyes), macular pucker (one eye), preexisting CME (two eyes), subretinal perfluorocarbon liquid (one eye), transient central serous detachment (one eye), and nuclear sclerosis (five of eight eyes). CONCLUSION: Photocoagulation alone may be considered a first approach in selected cases of schisis detachment complicated by large posterior outer layer breaks. By use of present surgical techniques, today pars plana vitrectomy is the most rational approach allowing an exact evaluation of the complex retinal architecture, a controlled coagulation, and an adequate tamponade of the involved area. Resection of the inner layer seems to increase the risk for epiretinal membrane formation.     

玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离

目的 探讨玻璃体切除术治疗人工晶状体眼视网膜脱离（ｔｒｔｉｎａｌ ｄｅｔａｃｈｍｅｎｔ,ＲＤ）的效果。方法 对３２例（３２只眼）植入人工晶状体后ＲＤ患眼行玻璃体除术,其中首次治疗采用玻璃体切除术１１只眼（３４．４％）,巩膜扣带术失败后再行玻璃体切除术２１只眼（６５．６％）,玻璃体切除术中联合硅油充填１０只眼（３１．３％）,玻璃体切除术同时行人工晶状体取出１２只眼（３７．５％）。术后随诊６个月至５年     

Incidence of retinal detachment and visual outcome in eyes presenting with posterior vitreous separation and dense fundus-obscuring vitreous hemorrhage

PURPOSE: To determine visual outcomes and the incidence of retinal detachment in eyes presenting with posterior vitreous separation and dense fundus-obscuring vitreous hemorrhage. DESIGN: Retrospective consecutive noncomparative interventional case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six eyes (15 right eyes and 21 left eyes) of 34 patients (18 female and 16 male) ranging in age from 42 to 94 years. Mean follow-up was 14 months. METHODS: A comparison of the best-corrected initial visual acuities versus final visual acuities after spontaneous resolution of vitreous hemorrhage or surgical intervention. The number of eyes that were found to have retinal tears or that had a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment develop was documented. Logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution-converted visual acuities was used for comparison. Categorical data were analyzed by Fisher's exact test, and population means were compared by Student's t test. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Final mean visual acuities, number of eyes with at least one retinal tear, location of retinal tears, number of eyes that had retinal detachment develop, and the number of eyes repaired with scleral buckling surgery and/or pars plana vitrectomy. RESULTS: Twenty-four of 36 eyes (67%) were found to have at least one retinal break (range, 0-4 breaks), with 88% of breaks located in the superior retina. Eleven eyes (31%) had more than one retinal break. Fourteen of 36 eyes (39%) had a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment develop that was repaired with pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling. An additional 14 eyes (39%) underwent vitrectomy for nonclearing vitreous hemorrhage. The incidence of retinal detachment in eyes with a history of retinal detachment in the contralateral eye was 75% (P = 0.04). Seven of 14 eyes (50%) with retinal detachment had coexisting proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Most retinal breaks and detachments occurred in emmetropic or myopic eyes. For all 36 eyes the mean preoperative visual acuity was 20/1233, and the mean final visual acuity was 20/62 (P < 0.0001). Eyes that had a macula-off retinal detachment develop had worse final visual outcomes (20/264; P = 0.01), as did eyes that had proliferative vitreoretinopathy develop (20/129; P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: Acute, spontaneous, nontraumatic posterior vitreous separation with dense fundus-obscuring vitreous hemorrhage is associated with a high incidence of retinal tears and detachment. Close follow-up with clinical examination and ultrasonography is necessary, because many of these eyes may eventually require surgical intervention. Aggressive management with early vitrectomy should be considered when there is a history of retinal detachment in the contralateral eye.     

Efficacy of surgical removal of the internal limiting membrane in diabetic cystoid macular edema

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of surgical removal of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) in diabetic cystoid macular edema (CME). METHODS: Prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series including 21 eyes of 18 consecutive patients with diabetic CME. Vitrectomy with separation of the posterior hyaloid and induction of posterior vitreous detachment had been performed previously on nine eyes. Pars plana vitrectomy for removal of the ILM was performed. RESULTS: CME resolved in eyes that underwent initial vitrectomy and in those with long-standing (>1 year) CME after previous vitrectomy. Postoperative best-corrected visual acuity improved by >/=2 lines of a Snellen equivalent in 14 eyes (67%) (P < 0.01). The mean foveal thickness (distance between the inner retinal surface and the retinal pigment epithelium) decreased from 553 microm to 221 microm at 4 weeks (P < 0.001). No recurrences or deterioration of CME was observed during the entire follow-up period (mean, 17.8 months; range, 8-34 months). CONCLUSION: Surgical removal of the ILM might be an effective procedure for reducing CME in patients with diabetes. A prospective, randomized, controlled study is necessary to further evaluate the efficacy of the procedure.     

Retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification: complications and visual outcome in vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes

PURPOSE: To evaluate the ocular complications and visual outcomes in vitrectomized and nonvitrectomized eyes with retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification. SETTING: Department of Neurological, Psychiatric, and Ophthalmological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy. METHODS: This prospective nonrandomized study comprised 36 consecutive patients with retained intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification. Eighteen eyes had a pars plana vitrectomy (Group 1), and 18 eyes (Group 2) were treated with medication only. Intraocular pressure (IOP), intraocular inflammation, cystoid macular edema (CME), and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: Ophthalmoscopy and B-scan echography showed that the lens fragments were significantly larger in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P < .03). An uncontrollable IOP rise and inflammation prompted an early vitrectomy in 11 eyes in Group 1. At the 6-month follow-up, the IOP with medications was acceptable in 2 and 5 eyes in Group 1 and Group 2, respectively. Intraocular inflammation was no longer detectable 1 month after vitrectomy but persisted during the entire follow-up in Group 2. At 3 months, 5 eyes in Group 1 and 13 in Group 2 had CME and at 5 months, 3 eyes and 1 eye, respectively, had CME. The difference between groups was significant at both follow-ups (P < .05). Three retinal detachments, 1 before and 2 after vitrectomy, occurred in Group 1. The mean BCVA in Group 1 was better than in Group 2 during the entire follow-up; however, the difference was significant at 3 months only (P < .5). At 6 months, 94.4% in Group 1 and 83.2% in Group 2 had a BCVA of 20/50 or better and 66.6% and 55.5%, respectively, attained at least 20/30. CONCLUSIONS: Intraocular inflammation, increased IOP, and CME were major complications in nonvitrectomized eyes after phacoemulsification; retinal detachment occurred in 2 vitrectomized eyes. In eyes with intravitreal lens fragments after phacoemulsification, vitrectomy can yield faster visual rehabilitation and better quality of vision. Conservative management is feasible at the price of long-term intraocular inflammation and slower restoration of comparable visual function.     

Retinal detachment rate after vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification

PURPOSE: To report the rate of retinal detachment after vitrectomy for retained intravitreal lens material after phacoemulsification using specific vitrectomy techniques designed to minimize retinal detachment. DESIGN: Consecutive, interventional case series. METHODS: Retrospective chart review of 100 consecutive eyes (one surgeon) of 100 patients undergoing vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification and followed up for 3 months or longer unless an outcome event had occurred. Vitrectomy techniques employed to minimize the frequency of retinal detachment included inducing posterior vitreous detachment with maximal vitreous removal before phacofragmentation to avoid vitreous trauma, lens fragment debulking before fragmentation, use of low energy with high aspiration during removal of retained lens material, and intraoperative indirect ophthalmoscopic evaluation of the retinal periphery with scleral indentation to diagnose and treat intraoperative retinal breaks. The main outcome measures included prevalence of coexisting retinal detachment in eyes with retained lens material, incidence of retinal detachment or retinal breaks after vitrectomy for removal of retained lens material, and final visual acuity. RESULTS: The prevalence of previtrectomy retinal detachment was 4%; the incidence of postvitrectomy retinal detachment was 4%; the final visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 53%. One patient had a retinal break recognized during vitrectomy and was treated with retinocryopexy, but postoperative retinal detachment developed from a separate break. Three others were treated during vitrectomy for retinal breaks (including two with known preexisting breaks) and did not have any retinal detachment. Poor previtrectomy visual acuity (hand motions) was a risk factor for postvitrectomy retinal detachment. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of retinal detachment reported after vitrectomy for retained lens material after phacoemulsification can be minimized to approximately the rate expected with cataract extraction complicated by vitreous loss by employing standard surgical techniques. Higher risk eyes may benefit from more frequent postvitrectomy examinations.     

C3F8填充眼视网膜脱离复发再手术临床分析

目的探讨全氟丙烷（C3F8）填充眼复发视网膜脱离的原因、手术方式选择及其临床疗效。方法回顾分析52例（56眼）玻璃体切除手术联合C3F8填充眼复发视网膜脱离的临床资料,寻找复发原因,并根据复发原因,进行再次手术,术后随访至少6个月。结果C3F8填充眼的视网膜下方脱离占57．14％,复发原因有：增生性玻璃体视网膜病变（PVR）,特别是前段PVR的发展牵引致新孔形成或原孔开放占62．50％（35／56）,气体顶压不良裂孔重新开放占21．43％（12／56）,单纯原裂孔未封闭或封闭不好占8．93％（5／56）,其他原因占7．14％（4／56）。再次手术出院时视网膜均解剖复位,随访过程中出现复位术后视网膜再脱离5例（6眼）,最终成功率为89．29％（50／56）。术后矫正视力提高28例（30眼）,矫正视力不变11例（12眼）,矫正视力下降13例（14眼）。结论C3F8填充眼视网膜再脱离多以下方为主,再脱离与术后PVR发展再牵引、术中未充分松解对视网膜的牵引等密切相关。要术前正确评定玻璃体状态及可能的发展方向,根据视网膜裂孔及PVR情况,彻底清除PVR增生膜,恢复视网膜活动度,选择适当的封孔方法和眼内填充物,仍可取得较为理想的疗效。     

Pars plana vitrectomy for the management of retained lens material after cataract surgery

PURPOSE: To evaluate the management and outcomes of patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for retained lens material after cataract surgery; and to evaluate risk factors for poor visual outcome, retinal detachment, raised intraocular pressure (IOP), and cystoid macular edema (CME). DESIGN: Retrospective interventional consecutive case series. METHODS: setting: Institutional and Clinical practice. study population: Patients with retained lens material after cataract surgery who underwent vitrectomy at Sydney Eye Hospital between July 1, 1998 and October 31, 2003. intervention: Standard three-port PPV/lensectomy. main outcome measures: Final best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal detachment, raised IOP, and CME. RESULTS: A total of 223 eyes of 223 patients were included, with a mean follow-up of 20.5 months after vitrectomy. Final BCVA was 6/12 or better in 159 patients (71.3%). Retinal detachment occurred in 20 patients (9%), with 11 diagnosed before or during vitrectomy, and nine occurring after vitrectomy. Ten patients (5.0%) developed raised IOP and 42 (23.2%) developed CME. Poor final visual acuity was associated with retinal detachment (P = .0026), and with poor visual acuity at presentation (P = .030). There was a significant association between retinal detachment and a long interval (>30 days) between cataract surgery and vitrectomy (P = .00047) and between retinal detachment and younger age (P = .0070). CONCLUSIONS: Visual acuity results in this study compared favorably with previously published reports. Although the overall rate of retinal detachment was low, it was significantly higher in those with a delayed interval between cataract surgery and vitrectomy, and was significantly associated with a poorer visual outcome.     

Comparison of scleral buckling and vitrectomy for retinal detachment resulting from flap tears in superior quadrants

PURPOSE: To compare the surgical results of vitrectomy and scleral buckling for uncomplicated superior retinal detachment caused by flap tears. METHODS: Included in the study were 225 patients (225 phakic eyes) undergoing primary surgery by three surgeons between January 1990 and December 1996 for superior retinal detachment caused by flap tears (138 eyes by scleral buckling, 87 eyes by vitrectomy); all patients had been followed up for longer than 6 months after surgery. The choice of one of the two procedures was based on each surgeon's preference. The surgical outcome and the rate of complications were retrospectively compared between the two groups of eyes. RESULTS: Initial and final anatomical success rate were 92% and 100% after each procedure. Retinal redetachment after the initial procedure was due to new retinal breaks in 5 eyes, reopening of original breaks in 2 eyes of vitrectomy cases, and due to malpositioned buckle in 11 eyes of scleral buckling cases. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy occurred in 3 eyes of vitrectomy cases. CONCLUSION: Primary vitrectomy was as successful as scleral buckling for treating superior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Even though the high incidence of postoperative cataract formation was the major drawback, vitrectomy had some advantages over scleral buckling.