黄连甘乳膏在肛肠病术后应用对创面愈合的影响

为观察黄连甘乳膏在肛肠病术后应用对创面愈合的影响,将240例肛肠病术后患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,对照组采用常规换药,治疗组在常规换药基础上加用黄连甘乳膏,比较两组创面愈合时间。结果显示,治疗组创面愈合时间明显短于对照组,P〈0．05。结果表明,黄连甘乳膏对肛肠病术后创面有良好促愈合作用。     

负压技术治疗复杂性和难愈性创面疗效观察

目的 了解负压创面治疗技术(NPWT)治疗复杂性和难愈性创面的效果.方法 选择2005年9月-2008年11月因复杂性和难愈性创面入住笔者单位治疗的67例患者,按随机化方法分为负压治疗组35例和常规治疗组32例.负压治疗组患者创面给予压力-16.63 kPa行24 h间断吸引,或以-10.64 kPa压力行24 h持续吸引.常规治疗组患者创面覆以凡士林纱布并加盖等渗盐水湿纱布及干纱布.比较2组患者治疗时间、手术次数、治疗费用及治愈方式. 结果负压治疗组患者在治疗时间、手术次数、治疗费用上均明显低于常规治疗组(P<0.05).负压治疗组治愈方式以自行愈合(40.0%)及游离皮片移植后愈合(40.0%)为主,常规治疗组则以带蒂组织瓣移植(66.7%)和游离皮片移植(23.3%)后愈合为主. 结论与常规治疗相比,NPWT治疗复杂性和难愈性创面后可缩短患者住院时间,降低手术难度,减少手术次数及治疗费用等,值得推广.     

两种负压创面治疗技术临床疗效比较

Objective To compare the differences of the clinical effects, side effects and treatment-related cost between two kinds of negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Methods Forty-four inpa-tients with acute, subacute, and chronic wounds were divided into simplified NPWT group ( A group) and conventional NPWT group ( B group) according to the random number table. Wounds of patients in A group were treated with gauze + continuous suction with hospital central negative pressure ( -10.64 kPa) for 24 hs; wounds of patients in B group were treated with sponge + interrupted suction with a purpose-designed suction appliance ( -16.63 kPa) for 24 hs. Gross wound condition, treatment time, survival rates of skin graft and flap, changes of bacterial species on wound, treatment cost, and ratio of side effects between two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference between A and B groups in respect of gross wound condition, treatment time [ A group (29 ± 12) d, B group (26 ± 13) d, P > 0. 05 ], changes of bacterial species, survival rates of skin graft [ A group (98 ± 4 ) % , B group ( 98 ± 4 ) % , P > 0. 05 ] and flap (A group 98% , B group 100% , P >0.05). Treatment cost of A group $ (374 ± 134) was obviously lower than that of B group $ (9825 ± 4956) ( P <0. 01 ), while more side effects were observed in A group (33.3%) than that in B group (5.0%) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusions Both simplified NPWT and NPWT with purpose-designed appliance ean effectively improve wound healing. The simplified method may cause many side effects and has a potential risk of inciting nosocomial infection, but it can be conveniently employed with a low cost. In contrast, the cost of using purpose-designed appliance should be cut down to meet the aim of generalization.     

糖尿病患者合并皮肤感染的护理

糖尿病被国际卫生组织列为仅次于心血管疾病和肿瘤的世界第3大疾病,且发病率逐年增高。此病由于糖代谢长期失调以致于机体多种代谢均发生障碍,并发症有多种。皮肤感染是糖尿病患者常见的并发病之一,在外科换药室经常遇到因糖尿病合并皮肤、浅表软组织,急、慢性化脓性感染患者,我院从2001年7月～2003年7月共收治此类患者44例,经采取积极有效的综合治疗措施,即以饮食治疗为基础,在限制糖摄入的同时,补充足量的蛋白、维生素和微量元素,再根据创面的不同情况认真处理创面,清除坏死组织,控制感染,监测并控制血糖等,促进了创面愈合,缩短了治疗时间…     

胰岛素黄连纱条治疗糖尿病性皮肤感染疗效观察

1998年 5月至 2 0 0 2年 8月 ,我们用黄连纱条加普通胰岛素局部给药治疗糖尿病性皮肤感染病人 ,收到良好效果 ,现介绍如下。1　资料与方法　　一般资料 :本组 4 6例病人 ,男 2 2例、女 2 4例 ,年龄 36～6 6岁 ,平均 4 1.6岁 ,均为 2型糖尿病手足部皮肤感染 ,皮肤感染病程 2 0～ 6 1d ,创面 4cm× 3cm～ 11cm× 13cm ,深度 2～ 6cm。随机分为观察组 (2 4例 )及对照组 (2 2例 )。两组病人年龄、性别、病程、伤口感染程度经统计学处理 ,差异无显著性意义 (均P >0 .0 5 ) ,具有可比性。　　治疗方法 :首先控制两组病人血糖在正常水平 ,观察组将…     

短波紫外线治疗老年人慢性难愈合创面的疗效观察及剂量分析

目的：观察短波紫外线（UVC）疗法对老年人慢性难愈合创面的疗效,并初步分析影响其剂量和疗效的相关因素。方法：选择老年慢性难愈合创面患者58例共106个创面,患者年龄73～91岁。紫外线治疗剂量为36～1800mJ／cm^2,每日或隔日1次,直至创面完全上皮化。观察不同部位和不同分期创面的愈合情况和愈合时间,分析UVC治疗剂量和创面部位与创面愈合状态的关系。结果：经UVC治疗后,创面愈合77例,显效25例,无效4例,总有效率96．2％。不同部位创面UVC治疗剂量差异显著,手足区〉肛周会阴区〉头颈区〉四肢区〉躯干区（P〈0．01）;不同部位创面愈合总有效率差异不显著（P=0．4724）,但不同部位治疗次数和创面愈合时间差异显著,肛周会阴区〉躯干区〉手足区〉四肢区〉头颈区（P〈0．01）。在93个压力性溃疡创面中,52个Ⅱ期创面治疗次数[（2．71±0．68）次]及愈合时间[（7．78±2．12）d]均少于41个Ⅲ期创面[分别为（4．09±0．84）次和（13．96±2．38）d],创面愈合率（92．3％）和总有效率（100．0％）也均高于Ⅲ期创面（愈合率为61．0％,总有效率为90．2％,P〈0．01）。结论：UVC治疗老年人慢性难愈合创面疗效显著,病灶部位是影响UVC治疗剂量的重要因素,而病变分期是影响创面愈合效果和时间的主要因素。     

CO2激光联合5%咪喹莫特乳膏治疗尖锐湿疣疗效观察

为了降低尖锐湿疣的复发率,2006年6月—12月我们对患外生殖器和肛周尖锐湿疣患者给予CO2激光治疗,待创面愈合后局部外用5%咪喹莫特乳膏（商品名：明欣利迪,四川明欣药业有限公司）,取得一定疗效,现将结果报告如下。     

烧伤感染创面的治疗体会

本院近年来收治的烧伤病人中,有部分病人入院时创面已感染并加重,经过治疗后,其中1例放弃植皮自动出院,其余均愈合出院.现以感染创面治疗体会报告如下.     

聚维酮碘外敷治疗感染性伤口的疗效观察

我院2000年6月至2001年12月应用聚维酮碘(碘伏)治疗感染性伤口47例,除2例因原发病恶化转外院治疗无法判断疗效外,其余45例均获良好效果,现总结如下。     

富血小板血浆治疗慢性难愈性创面的临床研究

目的探讨富血小板血浆(platelet-rich plasma,PRP)对慢性难愈性创面的修复作用。方法 49例慢性难愈性创面患者,随机分为PRP治疗组和常规换药对照组。PRP组23例,给予清创加自体PRP伤口内注射和凝胶覆盖,治疗1周即更换PRP凝胶,3次治疗为1个疗程;对照组26例,采用传统换药为主的治疗方法,治疗过程中根据情况采用植皮术、皮瓣转移等手术方法加速创面愈合。3周后观察治疗效果。结果所有患者均于首次治疗后获随访,随访时间1~4个月。PRP组患者在2~3次PRP治疗后,可发现创面明显缩小,坏死组织及脓苔清除,组织色泽健康,血供良好,特别是外露骨或肌腱组织被新生肉芽组织覆盖。对照组患者在3周治疗后,创面愈合较PRP组面积小,特别是伴有骨或肌腱外露创面,新生肉芽覆盖较差。结论 PRP凝胶由于具有可塑性强、能持续释放多种生长因子的特征,可以作为生长因子缓释系统,能有效促进难愈性创面软组织缺损修复,增加局部血运,加速慢性难愈合伤口愈合。并且与传统负压引流系统相比,在伴有骨或肌腱外露的慢性难愈性创面治疗上,PRP能取得更好的治疗效果。     

Moist dressing coverage supports proliferation and migration of transplanted skin micrografts in full-thickness porcine wounds

Transplantation of skin micrografts in a 1:100 ratio regenerate the epidermis of full-thickness wounds in pigs within 14 days in a wet environment. The aim of the current study was to combine micrografts and commercially available moist dressings. We hypothesized that micrografts regenerate the epidermis when covered with a moist dressing. 5 cm × 5 cm and 10 cm × 10 cm full-thickness wounds were created on the backs of pigs. Wounds were transplanted with 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm micrografts created from a split-thickness skin graft in a 1:100 ratio. 5 cm × 5 cm wounds were treated with wound chambers, moist dressings or dry gauze (non-transplanted control group). 10 cm × 10 cm wounds were compared to non-transplanted wounds, both covered with moist dressings. Reepithelialization was assessed in biopsies from day 10, 14 and 18 post-transplantation. 5 cm × 5 cm transplanted wounds covered with moist dressings showed 69.5 ± 20.6% reepithelialization by day 14 and 90.5 ± 10.4% by day 18, similar to wounds covered with a wound chamber (63.9 ± 16.7 and 86.2 ± 11.9%, respectively). 18 days post-transplantation, 10 cm × 10 cm transplanted wounds covered with moist dressings showed 66.1 ± 10.3% reepithelialization, whereas nontransplanted wounds covered with moist dressings were 40.6 ± 6.6% reepithelialized. We conclude that micrografts combined with clinically available moist dressings regenerate the epidermis of full-thickness wounds.     

Management of non‐healable or maintenance wounds with topical povidone iodine

Although complete healing may appear to be the logical goal for most patients and clinicians, some wounds do not have the potential to heal due to a number of factors such as inadequate vasculature, coexisting medical conditions and medications that prohibit the healing process. Local management of wounds that are considered to have poor potential for healing remains elusive. The purpose of this article is to review the evidence that supports the use of topical antiseptic agents in non‐healable wounds. Retrospective chart audit was conducted to evaluate the use of povidone iodine in the management of wounds that were deemed to have poor healing potential.     

骨科患者脱毛剂备皮研究

目的 探讨骨科手术患者采用不同备皮方式的备皮效果.方法 采用类实验性研究设计,便利选取北京市某三甲医院骨科病房符合入选标准的患者260例,按时间先后顺序分为对照组和观察组各130例.对照组患者术前采用一次性备皮刀按常规行备皮,观察组采用“肤净”备皮抑菌剂按产品使用说明进行备皮.结果 两组出院日及术后30 d切口感染发生率、切口愈合情况比较,差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05);观察组备皮质量显著优于对照组(P＜0.01);观察组操作时间较长(P＜0.01);光头、剃头至耳垂两组所需时间差异无统计学意义(均P＞0.05),而颈前、后背、后背及剃头至耳等部位备皮所需的时间有差异(均P＜0.01).结论 脱毛剂备皮安全、有效,能显著提高备皮质量,但操作时间较长.     

Mesenchymal stem cells combined with an artificial dermal substitute improve repair in full-thickness skin wounds

Autografts represent the gold standard for the treatment of full thickness burns. Factors such as lack of suitable donor sites and poor skin quality, however, have led to the development of artificial dermal substitutes. The investigation of mechanisms leading to enhanced functionality of these skin substitutes has been attracting great attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of autologous stem cells on the integration and vascularization of a dermal substitute in full-thickness skin wounds, in a murine model. Two cell populations were compared, whole bone marrow cells and cultivated mesenchymal stem cells, isolated from mice transgenic for the enhanced green fluorescent protein, which allowed tracking of the transplanted cells. The number of cells colonizing the dermal substitute, as well as vascular density, were higher in mice receiving total bone marrow and particularly mesenchymal stem cells, than in control animals. The effect was more pronounced in animals treated with mesenchymal stem cells, which located primarily in the wound bed, suggesting a paracrine therapeutic mechanism. These results indicate that combining mesenchymal stem cells with artificial dermal substitutes may represent an important potential modality for treating full thickness burns, even in allogeneic combinations due to the immunoregulatory property of these cells.     

金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子与皮肤创伤愈合

基质金属蛋白酶 (ｍａｔｒｉｘＭｅｔａｌｌｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎａｓｅｓＭＭＰｓ)是参与细胞外基质 (ＥＣＭ)降解的主要蛋白酶 ,金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子 (ＴｉｓｓｕｅＩｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｏｆＭｅｔａｌｌｏｐｒｏｔｅｉｎａｓｅｓＴＩＭＰｓ)是一族内源性抑制因子 ,可以高度地、有选择地抑制ＭＭＰｓ或其前体而表现出许多生物学活性。ＴＩＭＰｓ和ＭＭＰｓ的平衡失控可导致创伤延迟愈合和其它许多疾病。现就有关ＴＩＭＰｓ的种类、结构和生物学作用及在皮肤创伤愈合中作用等研究综述如下。1　ＴＩＭＰｓ的产生和结构目前已知ＴＩＭＰｓ家族有…     

Principles and practices for treatment of cutaneous wounds with cultured skin substitutes

BACKGROUND: Skin substitutes prepared from cultured skin cells and biopolymers may reduce requirements for donor skin autograft, and have been shown to be effective in treatment of excised burns, burn scars, and congenital skin lesions. DATA SOURCES: Cultured skin substitutes (CSS) generate skin phenotypes (epidermal barrier, basement membrane) in the laboratory, and restore tissue function and systemic homeostasis. Healed skin is smooth, soft and strong, but develops irregular degrees of pigmentation. Quantitative analysis demonstrates that CSS closes 67 times the area of the donor skin, compared to less than 4 times for split-thickness skin autograft. CONCLUSIONS: CSS reduce requirements for donor skin autograft for closure of excised, full-thickness cutaneous wounds, and demonstrate qualitative outcome that is not different from meshed, split-thickness autograft. These results offer reductions in morbidity and mortality for the treatment of burns and chronic wounds, and for cutaneous reconstruction.     

皮肤牵张术在整形外科的综合应用

目的　探讨皮肤牵张术的适应证。方法　选择 110患者因各种原因引起的皮肤缺损用微型牵张器封闭创面 ,评价近期、远期效果。结果　皮肤牵张术可修复 2 1种原因引起的皮肤缺损。高张力线方向皮肤缺损封闭宽度为2 .5～ 6.0cm。低张力线方向封闭宽度为 4.0～ 13 .5cm。皮肤病变或缺损实际修复面积最小为 3 .0cm× 6.0cm ,最大为 13 .5cm× 2 1.0cm。伤口Ⅰ期愈合率达到 97.3 %。结论　皮肤牵张术可用于多种皮肤缺损的修复 ,可避免一些不必要的皮片和局部皮瓣移植     

自体脂肪颗粒及微粒皮混合移植修复烧伤患者深度创面

目的 了解自体脂肪颗粒及微粒皮混合移植修复大面积烧伤深度创面的效果. 方法选择20例重度烧伤患者,采用自身同体对照法,将患者双侧肢体或躯干对称部位创面分为脂肪颗粒+微粒皮组和微粒皮组,分别行自体脂肪颗粒+微粒皮(体积比1:1)混合移植和自体微粒皮移植.术后30、45、60 d计算2组创面愈合率;术后7、14、21、28 d取创面组织,行HE染色和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)免疫组织化学观察. 结果移植术后30、45、60 d,脂肪颗粒+微粒皮组创面愈合率分别为(56.3±3.1)%、(76.4±6.1)%、(96.2±1.5)%,均明显高于微粒皮组的(28.3±2.0)%、(47.3±4.8)%、(85.4±2.2)%(P<0.01).HE染色显示脂肪颗粒+微粒皮组创面上皮化早于微粒皮组,胶原纤维排列较整齐.脂肪颗粒+微粒皮组PCNA阳性细胞较微粒皮组多,主要分布于表皮基底层. 结论自体脂肪颗粒+微粒皮混合移植可促进创面愈合.     

Evaluation of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells for healing of full‐thickness skin wounds in rabbits

The aim of the study was to evaluate the potential of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells to enhance the rate of healing of full‐thickness excisional skin wounds in rabbits. The study was conducted on 20 New Zealand white rabbits of either sex. Two, 2 × 2 cm full‐thickness skin (thoracolumabar region) excisional wounds were created; one on each side of the dorsal midline in each animal. The wounds were randomly assigned to either injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells into the wound margins (BI), or topical application of sterile saline solution (normal saline, NS), which served as control. The wound healing was assessed by evaluation of granulation tissue formation, wound contraction, epithelisation and histopathological and histochemical changes up to 28 days after creation of the wound. Granulation tissue appeared significantly faster in BI‐treated wounds (3.22 ± 0.22 days) than in NS‐treated wounds (4.56 ± 0.47 days). Better epithelisation was seen histologically in BI wounds than in NS‐treated wounds. Wound contraction was significantly more in BI wounds when compared with NS wounds on 21 post‐surgery. Histopathological examination of the healing tissue showed early disappearance of inflammatory reaction, significantly more neovascularisation, and more fibroplasias and early lay down and histological maturation of collagen in BI wounds than in control wounds. It was concluded that injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells in the wound margins induced faster and better quality healing of excisional skin wounds in rabbits when compared with normal saline. The injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived nucleated cells can be used to promote healing of large full‐thickness skin wounds in rabbits.     

透明质酸含量在兔正常皮肤及皮肤创伤愈合过程的变化

目的　分析透明质酸在创伤愈合过程中的含量变化以及胎儿型愈合和成人型愈合的机理。方法　通过胎兔创伤模型及皮肤均化的方法，提取游离及结合的透明质酸（ＨＡ） ，应用透明质酸结合蛋白（ ＨＡＢＰ） 技术，对胚胎兔、成年兔皮肤在正常及创伤愈合过程中用放射免疫法测定游离、结合及ＨＡ 的总量。结果　⑴不同孕期正常胎兔皮肤的游离ＨＡ 及ＨＡ 总量的差异均无显著意义，结合ＨＡ 有显著的波动，而且均比正常成兔增高（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ；⑵胎兔皮肤创伤后不同愈合时间的游离ＨＡ 及ＨＡ 总量的差异均无显著意义，结合ＨＡ 的组成亦有显著变化；⑶创伤胎兔与正常胎兔相比，各组分ＨＡ 均增高（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ；⑷创伤成年兔游离ＨＡ 及ＨＡ 总量均比正常成年兔显著增高（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ，而在创伤成年兔内部游离ＨＡ 及ＨＡ 总量呈“山峰型”变化；⑸胎兔、成年兔皮肤创伤后对应比较发现，ＨＡ 总量均为胎兔高（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ，而游离ＨＡ 则第２ 、３ 天差异无显著意义。结论　ＨＡ 的增高是胎儿型愈合不可缺少的内部机制，其中游离ＨＡ 起主导作用，但结合ＨＡ 随孕期的延长以及在创伤后不同愈合时间所发生的显著变化，对于临床控制瘢痕形成具有很重要的意义